US2329455A

US2329455A - Electric lamp with connecting device

Info

Publication number: US2329455A
Application number: US188126A
Authority: US
Inventors: Buser Johann
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1937-02-02
Filing date: 1938-02-01
Publication date: 1943-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 1960-09-14
Also published as: GB510590A; GB510539A; DE910934C; BE425995A; FR832724A

Description

Sept. 14, 1943. J. BUSER ELECTRIC LAMP WITH CONNECTING DEVICE Filed Feb. 1, 1938 Patented Sept. 14, 1943 DEVICE ELECTRIC LAMP WITH CONNECTING Johann Buser, Basel, Switzerland Application February 1, 1938, Serial No. 188,126 In Switzerland February 2, 1937 7 Claims.

Lamp constructions are known, according to which there are provided in an outer transparent or translucent envelope two or more different lighting bodies, some of which consist of vapour lighting tubes and the others of glowing filaments. In all these known constructions, the glowing filaments are arranged either below or alongside the vapour lighting tubes. Moreover, in such known lamps the lighting bodies are connected in series. In view of this all these lamps are provided with a two pole connecting cap, which means that both'of the lighting bodies are always connected or disconnected to or from the source of current at the same time.

The object of the present invention is an electric lamp which is similar to the known lamps above referred to, but which is designed with the production of a mixed light especially in view.

A further object of the invention is to provide a lamp in which each of the two lighting bodies form a part of two independent circuits, so that by switching on the lamp, the glowing filament will burn right from the beginning at full rate, Without being influenced by the lighting tube which will take some time until it has reached its steady stage of functioning.

By proper connections between the lamp cap or base and the supply system, the lighting. bodies. each of which have one pole connected separately. to the lamp cap, may be connected and energized in various combinations. Thus a plurality of different lighting possibilities can be obtained with a single lamp according to my invention.

The lamp according to the invention comprises a closed transparent or translucent envelope provided with connecting cap and enclosing at least two lighting bodies, one of which is a lighting tube and the other a glowing filament, and is characterized by the lighting bodies being connected at one end to a common terminal and at their other ends to separate terminal connecting means, the glowing filament being arranged in such spaced relatino with regard to the lighting tube itself arranged axially in said envelope, that good mixing of the light sent .out by both of the lighting bodies is secured.

In a preferred embodiment of the lamp according to the invention, in which the transparent or translucent envelope is provided with a multipole connecting cap, the lighting bodies are connected at one end to a common contact terminal of the lamp cap and at the other end at two further separate contact terminals of said cap.

This particular embodiment'has the advantage I ductors S1 and S2.

that whilst the glowing filament may be connected across the full available voltage, a choking coil or the like situated at any suitable place outside of the lamp may be connected in series with the lighting tube. Besides, either one of the lighting bodies or both of them can be burned.

Anotheradvantage of the lamp according to the invention is that a good mixed light is obtained, in as much as mixing of the light from the lighting bodies is already obtained at the source.

Several embodiments of the electric lamp according to the invention together with various detail modifications, are illustrated by way of examples in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a part section through the first embodiment of the electric lamp according to the invention;

Figures 2-4 show diagrammatically three further embodiments of the lamp according to the invention.

In the electric lamp shown in Figure 1, in the closed glass envelope A such as of the kind used for incandescent lamps and provided with a con.- necting cap 0, are mounted two diflerent lighting bodies, of which one is a metallic vapour tube as for instance a mercury vapour or a sodium vapour tube, and the other a glow filament R suitably arranged outside this tube R The glow filament R lies within a space bounded by two parallel planes which pass through the end points of the length of the light tube R and are transverse to the axis of the latter. Good mixing of the light from the two bodies is thereby already obtained at the source. The two lighting bodies R and R have one pole of each connected to one terminal of the cap 0 and the other pole of each carried separately to the cap 0 of the lamp. r and r are the connecting leads to R and R and r is the common return lead. E and E are the main electrodes and R is a resistance connected in series with an igniting electrode of the tube R It will be seen that external of the base or cap 0 a supply system is provided, comprising con- Lead 1 is electrically continued in desired manner. to conductor S2, while leads r and r are electrically continued, with the interposition of conventional control means such as knife switches .91 and s2, respectively, to conductor S1. A stabilizing impedance in the form of a conventional choke coil D may be included in the connection 1' between the supply source and the vapor tube.

In the modification according to Figure 2, the

glow filament R and the electrode E or the tube R provided with a heating coil are in series and are connected directly to the supply mains, the glow filament R in the first place serving as an illuminant, and in the second place also as resistance. E is an electrode directly heated from the mains and E an electrode indirectly heated from the mains. r is the connecting lead of the electrode E in series with the glow filament R and r is that of the electrode E r is the common return lead. Supply conductors S1 and S2 are provided; and supply conductors r and r are shown as connected, through conventional control means such as knife switches 86 and 87, respectively, to conductor S1. Lead r is connected to conductor S2. A stabilizing impedance in the form of a conventional choke coil D may be included in the connection 1 between the supply source and the vapor tube.

The modification according to Figure 3 only differs from that of Figure 2 in that the electrode E of the tube R isrso arranged that it has its lower potential end towards the electrode E so that in the operation of the lamp the are in the said discharge tube R is in series with the heating electrode E By this mode of connection the electrode E is more intensively heated.

In the modification according to Figure 4 the electrode E of the tube R is, in contradistinction to Figure 3, arranged so that itv has its higher potential end towards the electrode E so that the arc is formed with the full operating voltage of the tube R and is in parallel with the heating coil E In all these modifications the lighting tube as such and the glow filament are also connected at one end to a common terminal and attheir other ends to separate terminals.

The flow filament connected in the above said manner assumes simultaneously the function of a series resistance, the application of this mode of connection to vapour lighting tubes with directly heated electrodes, that is with electrodes which are heated by the lighting arc itself, having the advantage that the ignition electrode can be dispensed with, whilst in lightly vapour tubes velope, a connecting cap thereon, two separately operated and independent lighting bodies mounted within said envelope, one said body comprising a centrally disposed vapor lighting tube, the other body comprising a glow filament surrounding the discharge path of said lighting tube, said glow filament being electrically in parallel connection with said vapor tube, and capable of operating at substantially the full operating voltage of the supply source to which the lamp is connected, a common terminal for one end of each said lighting body, and separate terminal connecting means for the free ends of said lighting bodies,

2. An electric lamp comprising an envelope,

two independent light sources in said envelope for producing light emission of desired intensity and desired combinations of intimately and homogeneously mixed light radiation, one said source comprising a gaseous discharge tube, electrodes at each'end of said tube, one of which electrodes is of the incandescent type, and the second source comprising an incandescible filament disposed coaxially and closely about the discharge path of said tube, the said filament being electrically in series with the electrode of the incandescent type, and in parallel with the discharge with indirectly heated electrodes the usual leal-rage transformer becomes unnecessary.

The just mentioned series connection not only results in a simplification of the connections of the lamp as such, but also in an improvement.

in the operation of the vapour lighting tube in that the electrode is fed directly from the supply mains and independently from the discharging operation.

The series connection of the glow filament with one or both electrodes as above described has in addition to the advantages above mentioned, the further advantage that the arc burns more steadily than in the other lamps of this kind because the temperature of the electrode E is not dependent on good starting of the arc and of the intensity of current thereof but is determined directly by the mains that is independently of the course of the discharge.

The danger of extinction of the arc is also very considerably reduced or even entirely suppressed by this series connection, due to the circumstance that the heating electrode operates uniformly, and in consequence a stable vapour pressure reigns in the tube.

What I claim is: I

1. An electric lamp for the production of an intimate and homogeneous blending of mixed light, comprising a transparent or translucent en.

path of said tube, and connections whereby said discharge tube andsaid filament are capable of operating either simultaneously or separately, to produce light combinations of desired quality and intensity.

3. In combination, an electric lamp for the production of blended light of any desired composition, and a supply system therefor, said lamp comprising a vitreous envelope, through which the light can pass, a base for said envelope, a metallic vapor discharge tube disposed lengthwise in said envelope, an incandescible filament taking substantially the full supply potential disposed in said envelope, closely adjacent to and coaxial with said tube, said tube and said filament being disposed electrically in parallel, the filament and tube being in independent circuits,

and one end of each said filament and tube being metallic vapor discharge tube disposed lengthwise in said envelope, said tube having an electrode at each end thereof, at least one of which being an electrode of the incandescent type, an incandescible filament taking substantially the full supply potential disposed in said envelope, closely adjacent to and coaxial with said tube, said filment and the discharge path of said tube being disposed in parallel, the filament and tube being in independent circuits, and one end of each said filament and tube being connected to a common pole extending to the base and the free ends of said filament and tube being coni nected to separate poles extending to said base so that the filament and tube are connected independently to the supply network through said base, the filament being series-connected to said electrode of the incandescent type, whereby to control precisely the voltage impressed across said electrode of the incandescent type, and to ensure bringing the discharge gap of said tube to temperature proper for steady space discharge.

5. An electric lamp, comprising an envelope, two separate and independent light sources in said envelope for producing a homogeneous blended light of selected intensity and duality, connected to a supply source'in-electrical independence of each other, one said light source comprising a discharge tube, and the other said light source comprising a coaxial incandescible filament, and connections whereby said discharge tube and said filament are capable of operating either simultaneously or separately, to produce light combinations of desired quality; and intensity.

6. An electric lamp intimate and homogeneous blending of mixed light, comprising a transparent or translucent envelope, two separately operated and independent lighting bodies mounted with said envelope, one said body comprising a vapor lighting tube disposed centrally of said envelope, and having electrodes at each end thereof, one of which electrodes is of the. incandescent type, and which is disposed along the. axis of said tube, and the second source comprising an incandescible filament coaxially and closely surrounding the discharge path of said tube, said discharge tube and said filament being capable-oi operating either simultaneously or separately to, produce light combinations of desired quality or intensity,

for the production of an the currentoi the are.

and the low potential end of said electrode of the incandescent type of said tube being disposed towards the other electrode thereof, so that the voltage across the arc is reduced by the voltage drop across the electrode of the incandescent type, and so that the current of the arc traverses the filamentary electrode.

7. An electric lamp for the production of an intimate and homogeneous blending of mixed light, comprising a transparent or translucent envelope, two separately operated and independent lighting bodies mounted within said envelope, one said body comprising a vapor lighting tube disposed centrally of said envelope, and having electrodes.at each end of said tube, at least one of which is an electrode of the incandescent type disposed along the axis of said tube, and the second source comprising an incandescible filament coaxially and closely surrounding the discharge path of said tube, said discharge tube and said filament being capable of operating either simultaneously or separately, to produce light combinations of desired quality and intensity, and the high potential end of said electrode of the incandescent type of saidtube being disposedtowardsthe other electrode thereof, so that the voltage across the arc is substantially the full line potential, and so that the electrode of the incandescent type is free from JOHANNBUSER.