US2241202A - Axminster loom - Google Patents

Description

May 6, 1941. H. M. JAMESON AXMINSTER LOOM Filed Oct. 19, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented May 6, 1941 UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE Application October 19.11940, Serial No. 361,839 In Great Britain September 26, 1939 iClaims.

This invention has reference to improvements in or connected with Axminster looms, and has for one of its objects the alteration oi' the mechanism of existing Axminster looms of the type operating with two or more needles, whereby' two or more weaves can be simultaneously produced by the one loom as superimposed layers of f-abric, and further in the provision of means for binding together the said superimposed layers at a convenient line or lines betweenthem according lto the subsequent or ultimate use to be made of the woven fabric.

The main objectl of the invention may be stated to be the provision on an Axm-inster loom (providing for a normal say 36" weave) of facilities for Weaving a plurality oi plain weaves of the said width which could during the process of weaving be connected or bound together in such a manneras would admit of the final width of the Woven fabric being say twice that of the normal width ofl'the weave obtained by the loom.

A subordinate object of the invention is to provide means whereby the plurality'of woven fabric layers may be so connected in the weaving process as to constitute a tubular or multitubular structure.

The present invention consists of an Axminster loom of the kind embodying two or more superimposed needles whereby a plurality of weaves of fabric are produced simultaneously in superimposed relationship, in combination with means for binding the superimposed weaves `together along a line orA lines during the process Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic sideelevation showing the run of the Warp threads to form a double shedding for effecting two superimposed weaves.

Fig. 2 is a similar side elevation to that seen in Fig. 1 showing the alternative setting of the heddle frames and the change effected in the run of the warpthreads at the alternate shot of the needles.

Fig. 3 diagrammatically illustrates the means for inserting binding threads in the superimposed layers by,means of an additional pair of heddle frames for the purpose of producing .a tubular or multi-tubular structure.

Fig. 4 illustrates a mechanism incorporated in an Axminster loom mechanism for effecting the of the Weaving, so as to produce (a) a fabric of greaterwidth than the normal width of the loom, or (b) a plurality of woven fabric layers so connected in the 'weaving process as to constitute a tubular or multi-tubular structure. The

. invention further resides in means whereby the connection or juncture between the superimposed layers of woven fabric is made on the yone side of the loom by inserting each of the weft threads alternately into the superimposed layers of woven fabric, so that the weft threads themselves i'orm an edge connection or junction at the side of the fabric entered by the needles used to insert alternating motion of th'e two weft threads, this .mechanism being illustrated in this iigure in the mid position of the two eyed rods through which the weft threads pass.

Fig. 5 illustrates part of the mechanism seen in Fig. 4 with the two eyed rods in one of the alternate positions, and also illustrates the run of the weit threads through the eyed rods to the respective superimposed needles.

Eig. 6 illustrates the alternative setting of the mechanism to that seen in Fig. 5, while Fig. 7 illustrates a simple means of .incorporating a tacking thread in the selvedge or offside edge of the fabric.

Referring ilrst more particularly to the diagrams Figs. 1 and 2 the warp threads abcd are arranged in pairs, one pair ab to constitute the top shed (Fig. l) and the other paired to constitute the bottom shed (Fig. l) for a plain fabric weave produced in each shed, which weaves are simultaneously produced by the superimposed top and bottom needles e and f. The pair of warp threads ab constituting the top shed pass through a pair of wire eyes glh1 respectively, the eye g1 in the one wire being associated with the one heddle frame `a and the other eye h1 being associated withthe second heddle frame h in the well recognised manner of Axminster loom construction, while the pair vof warp threads cd constituting the bottom shed are likewise associated with wire eyes 92h* each respectively carried by the said heddle frames y and h whereby theweftvthreads carried through by the shot of the top needle e pass through the upper shedding, while the weft threads carried by the lowerk degree of tension on the warp threads these practice that these threads must not be slack in' the period when the needles are entering their respective sheddings.

Reference is now directed more particularly.

to Figs. 4, 5, and 6 of the diagrams, which illustrate the means of associating or binding the two simultaneously produced or superimposed weaves together so as to form a fabric of greater width than the normal width of the loom. order to accomplish this purpose the connection, seam. or Junction between the superimposed layers of woven fabric is made by means oi' weft threads lm which are inserted simultaneously in s, t and u.I f Whenthe roller q assumes,I through the cam rotation, its lowest position then the eyed rods n and o will occupy the alternate position indicated in Fig. 6. i

By means of this mechanism it will be appre-I oi' the needles the weft thread lis inserted in the the superimposed layers of fabric produced as already described with particular reference to Figs. l and 2 of the diagram, for which purpose the weft threads used in the two layers are inserted alternately in these layers in thesuccessive sheddings of the warp threads of the upper and lower layers of woven fabric, that is to say, the

weft thread inserted-in the shed of the lower layer is in the next shedding inserted in the upper layer, and the weft thread which has been inserted in the upper layer in the preceding shed is next inserted in the other shedding in the lower layer of woven fabric, whereby the weft threads are continuously inserted into the two layers o'f woven fabric which have only to be unfolded to permit of the two layered fabric being opened to form a single layer of double width.

The means illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 of the diagrams for effecting this particular insertion of the two weft threads comprises the leading of the one weft thread l through the eye of the rod n, while the weft thread 1n is passed through the eye of the rod o, the respective threads being picked up in the well recognised manner by their respective needles e and f. The eyed rods n and o are vertically disposed and are adapted for an alternate setting as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, the rod n being rigidly secured to a slide n1 which is pivotally connectedat its lower end to a spring-controlled lever p which is rocked about the pivot p1. A roller q is mounted on the lever p which roller co-operates with a cam (not shown) to effect a lifting and lowering motion of the lever p at the required periods. The eyed rod o is mounted within the tubular socfket r1 mounted on the bracket r secured to the frame of the loom. 'I'he rod o has pivotal connection at s! to an even-armed rocking lever s which fulcrums on the pivot s2 on the frame of the loom, the other end of the lever s being pivotally connected by means of the link t to a horizontally disposed arm u which is rigidly secured to the slide nl.

It will be appreciated by a comparison of Figs. 4, 5, and 6 of the diagrams that when the roller q co-operating with the rotating cam is at the mid position then the eyed rods n and o will occupy the position seen in Fig. 4, while when a lifting motion is imparted by the c am to the roller q, then the eyed rod n is lifted through the slide n1 to the position seen in Fig. 5, and at the same time a corresponding depressing or loweringmotion is imparted to the eyed rod o as seen in Fig. 5 through the linkage connection lower shedding, and a corresponding alternation obtains of the weft thread m, whereby what may be termed an in and out or cross-over motion of the two weft threads is obtained to produce l 6 of the drawings, immediatelyprior to the one I shot of the needles the eyed rods are in the position seen in Fig. 5, that during the course of this shot the rotation of the cam which operates the roller q brings the eyed rods to the mid position seen in Fig. 4, in which position there is a dwell, and that 4during the backward stroke of the needles a change is eflected in the mechanism to the position seen in Fig. 6 which position is maintained prior to and immediately following the alternate shot of the needles, when the cycle of operation is repeated. It will therefore be appreciated that there is a dwell at each of the said shots in Figs. 4, 5, and6 respectively, which period of dwell `is determined by the operative cam which is timed in relation to the shots of the needles and the usual timed operations of the loommechanism.

Referring now to the diagram Fig. 7, this illustrates a means of inserting a -tacking thread adjacent'the selvedge or offside edge of the superimposed weaves. 'Ihis is accomplished by means of a single thread lv which extends from a carrier spool through an eye w1 formed in the depending wire'w located at thel one endof a shown) to maintain a tension and the position Aof the wire w, and this binding'thread v is lifted and lowered-in relation to the two superimposed layers or weaves of fabric on each operation of the heddle frame so as to eiect the desired insertion of the thread v to constitute a tacking thread in the selvedge of the fabrics, so that in the runk of the fabric through the loom there is no tendency of the superimposed layers to move out of lay due to the traverse of the woven fabric through the loom.

The subordinate feature of forming the superimposed weaves into a tubular or multi-tubular structure may be eifected by means of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings, where an additional pair of heddle frames y and z are provided which have single eyed wires y1 and zi respectively mounted therein, through which I i binding threads y z pass in the line of the run of the warp threads. In order to effect the insertion of these binding threads into the superimposed weaves of fabric it is necessary to im- A the fabric and to be held therein by the respective alternate shots of the needles e and f.

@seneca 3 It will be appreciated that any recognised form for producing a plurality oi superimposed sheds, f of lever lifting and lowering mechanism as oran upper open-eye needle for carrying a. weit dinerily employed in connection with the lhedthread through one shed, a lower Open-eye needie frames oi inster looms can be utilised to die for carrying a weit thread through the shed son the relatively greater motion to the ai- 5 below the aforementioned shed, means for preditional -heddle frames y and s, and that the senting a weit thread to one or said needles, a binding threads y2 and z3 are so located and run second means for simultaneously presenting a 4in relation tothe width or the iabric as may cond weit threadtothe other needle, means for be necessary to eect the tubular formation. reversing the positions oi said two presenting For example if a single tubular formation is means prior to each shot oi the needles, wherereouired then the binding threads y2 and e would by each of said weit threads is alternately introbe located on the opposite edge o the fabric, that e duced into said two sheds, and means for moving is the selveoige edge, to that ci the insertion edge Y a warp t read above said upper needle prior to which is hound in the manner described with every second shot oi said needles, and below said reierence to Figs. d, d, and 6, but if it became lower needle prior to every alternate shot oi said necessary to iorm a multi-tubular formation in needles, said warp thread being located at the the one run or weave oi the superimposediabside of said sheds opposite the insertion point s threads y2 and z2 of said needles.l and eyed wires y1 and s1 would he provided in 3. In an Axminster loom, in combination, hedconnection with the heddle iremos y and z re- 2o die frames for producing a plurality vor superv imposed sheds, an upper open-'eye needle for car- Where a tubular fabric-is to be produced as rying a weft thread through one shed, a lower trames y and s and the corresponding binding means for presenting a weit thread to one of nism described with reference to Figs. 4, 5, and presenting a second weft thread to the other 6 o the diagrams, that is the whole o i the bindneedle, means for reversing the positions oi said ing or connecting operation which is desired betwo presenting means prior to each'shot of the tween the two superimposed layers or fabric 3o needles, whereby each of said weit threads is of heddle frames y and z and the binding threads auxiliary heddle trames havini;| greater moveassociated therewith only. ment than the aforementionedl heddle frames, tubular formation of the weave is useful for-moving a. warp thread above said upper neein-the 'production of sacks or lother tubular isb- 35 die and a second warp thread below said lower ric carriers. needle prior to every second shot of said needles. It will be appreciated that when the loom has and reversing the positions of said warp threads 'been cond to operate in accordance with Y prior to every alternate shot o! said needles, said the present invention the tuit-yarn spools and warp threads being located at the side o! said the me vassociated therewith is dispensed 4o Sheds opposite the msemqn point i Said me. th. Y dies for binding the edges; oi the superimposed Bv the aforesaid conversion ot an ter weaves together at said opposite side to form e loom is possible to weave say a blanket-like tubuiarweave,

or plain iabric oi a'. width two or more times as 4. In an ter loom, in combination, hedgreat as thatoi the-normal width oi the weave die frames :or producing a plurality of superimoi the loom, and i! instead oi a weave o! greater posed sheds. an upper open-eye needle tor car- .width it is desired .to produce a fabric inccrrying a' weit threadthrough one shed, a lower porating a plurality oi bidding threads i open-eye 4needle 'for cgrrying a weit thread m ted charwter con ipe Produced by the means ior presenting a weit thread to one of said aforesaid alteration or conversion 0f en exitin needles, a second means for simultaneously preloomoithetypereierredto. c y

I claim: v die, means for reversing the positions of rIoomJncombinatiommeans two presenting means prior to each shot of the 55 needles. hereby each o! said weft threads is Weit: alternately introduced into said two sheds. and e lower open-eve heeauxiliary heddle :rames having greater move-- ead through the shed' ment than the aforementioned heddle frames. tioned shed. means tor prel. roi' movins a setof warp threads above said uped to one o! said needles. a o per needle and a second set oI-warp threads besillml,til'neiislllr` presenti!!! low said lower needle prior to every second shot needle.l and or said needles, and reversing the positions or the positions or said two said two sets or warp threads prior to every air to each shot o! the neetornate shot or said needles, said worp said weit threads is alter- `65, being located at intervals across said sheds to sheds. e form a multi-tuimlal'v weave. rloomdncornbinetio .meansf ERT smLOR JAMESON.

threads without the introduction oi the mechasaid needles, a second means for simultaneously could be eected ley-the use oi the additional pair alternately introduced into said two sheds, and

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