US2019689A - Refrigerant compressor - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 5, 1935. R MARBURY REFRIGERANT COMPRESSOR Filed uly 'r, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Y m I v B W 2 M fin E a M m. MN m R a Th 3 Nov. 5, 1935. R. E. MARBURY 2,019,689

REFRIGERANT COMPRESSOR Filed July '7, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet s5 Winn Pie. '0

WITNESSES:

INVENTQR I ATTORNEY RnLPH E .Mnnsumr Nov. 5, 1935. R. E. MARBURY REFRIGERANT COMPRESSOR 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed July '7, 1933 Fig. 5.

- I -VI ENTOR I RALPH E. MnRauRY Nov. 5, 1935. R. E. MARBURY 2,019,639

I REFRIGERANT COMPRESSOR Filed July 7, 195s 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 LIIIIIIII/lI/I WITNESSES: INVENTOR 6' RQLPH E.MHRBURV Patented Nov. 1935 umrsn STATES.

actress aermcsasn'r comanssoa litalph lE. Marbury, Wllkinsburg, Pa, asslgnor to Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company, East Pittsburgh,

Pennsylvania lfa a corporation of Application July 7, 1933', Serial No. 67am 16 Claims. (01. 230-58) pressor unit having improved features of construction.

' A further object is to provide a simple and compact refrigerating or motor-compressor-condenser unit.

Another 1 object is to provide a. refrigerating unit having an improved arrangement foraircooling the motor, the compressor and the 'condenser.

In accordance with my invention, the motor is carried by the compressor, the compressor casing being provided with an extension of tubu-'- 25 lar or sleeve form to provide the motor ,casing. The armature of the motor is detachably mounted on an overhung extension of the compressor shaft, which is journaled in the com: pressor casing and projects through the wall of the compressor easing into the sleeve extension. A shaft seal is provided where the shaft projects through said wall and is removable through said sleeve extension upon removing said armature. A stator for the motor is mounted in the sleeve extension, and the stator and the rotor are partially telescoped with said shaft seal.

- The motor; casing is formed with end openings for the circulation of air through the motor to 40 cool the same, and afan is overhung on the end In the case of the air-cooled unit, the fan is of -larger diameter than the motor and the condenser is disposed on the opposite'side of the fan. The fan effects circulation of air through the condenser, interiorly and exteriorly of the motor and over the compressor.

The above and other objects are effected by my invention as will be apparent from the 1'01- 50 lowing description and claims taken in connection with the accompanying-drawings, forming apart of .this application, in which: I

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view-of a refrigerating unit comprising a motor-compressor and an air-cooled condenser;

of said shaft for effecting circulationof air;-

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the shaft seal; a

Fig. 3 is partly an end view and partly a sectional view on line IIIIII of Fig. 1, the outlines of the condenser and'the fan being shown in 5 dot and dash lines;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the air-cooled unit shown in Figs. 1 'to 3;

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the motor-compressor of a water-cooled refrigerating unit; k

Fig. 6 isan end view of the refrigerating unit shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a sleeve embodied in the oil separator of each embodiment; is

' and, I

Fig. 8 is a detail sectional view showing the air-circulating openings in the motor casing, also provided in each embodiment.

Referring now to the drawings in detail; the air cooled refrigerating unit shown in Figs. 1 to 4 comprises a compressor iii, a motor ii and afan i2 carried by the compressor, and a condenser it. The compressor comprises a casing it having cylinders l5 formed therein, pistons iii in the cylinders, a cylinderhead i'l, valve assemblies I8 between the cylinders and the cylinder head,

' connecting rods i9, and a crank shaft 2i. The

compressor casing i4 is mounted on a bed plate 2 22, which has an upper wall 23 secured by bolts 24 in sealed relation to the bottom edge of the compressor crank case 25 and forming a closure for the open bottom of the crank case.

The compressor casing has an end wall 26 at one end of the crank case 25 and a bearing cap 21 at the opposite end, said end wall and bearing ca'p carrying inwardly extending bearings 28 and 29,, respectively, in which the crank shaft 2i is mounted. An oil pump 3i provides pressure lubrication for thecompressor. The end wall 28 is formed witha shaft opening, at the bearing 28, through which the crank shaft 2i is extended to provide an overhung shaft portion 32 for the motor and the fan, said overhung portion being of smaller diameter, providing a shoulder 5 33 at the outer end of the bearing 28.

On its outer side, the endwall 2B is formed with a hub extension 34 surrounding the shaft. The hub extension is formed with an inner recess extending to the outer end of the bearing 28' and forming, with the overhung shaft portion, an annular chamber 35- in. which there is. located a gland construction or shaft seal 36 for effecting a fluid-tight joint or 'sealbetween the compressor casing and the shaft.

' housing 51 is formed integrally with the spiralv The shaft seal 36 prevents leakage of refrigerant outwardly through the shaft opening to the motor when the pressure in the crank case is above the pressure in the motor, and leakage of air through the shaft opening into the crank case when the pressure therein is below the pressure in the motor, which, in the present case, is atmospheric pressure. As shown more clearly in Fig. 2, the shaft seal 36 includes an annular plate 31 bolted to the outer end of the hub extension, a packing member 38 acting against the shoulder 33, a bellows 39 connecting the plate 31 and the member 36 and a spring 40 biasing the member '38 against the shoulder 33.

The compressor casing I4 is formed with a integral extension 4| of tubular or sleeve form, forming. with the wall 26 a socket or motor cas-' ing for housing the motor The extension 4| carries a motor stator 42, which is positioned therein in spaced relation by ribs 43 on the inside of the extension, as may be seen in Fig. 3. The intervening spaces 44 provide for circulation of air or other cooling medium. Arcuate slots 45 are formed in the extension 4| at the end adjacent the compressor casing M for discharging the air, as shown in Fig. 8

An armature 46 for the motor is mounted on the overhung shaft portion 32 by means of a spider or hub 41, and cooperates with the stator 42 for driving the compressor. As shown on the drawings, the stator and the armature partially telescope the shaft seal 36.

The fan I2 is mounted on the outer end of the overhung shaft portion 32, being disposed immediately adjacent and between the motor and the condenser. The diameter of the fan is substantially equal to the height and width of the condenser 3, but greater than the diameter of the motor An annular shroud 48 for the fan is mounted on the extension -4| by brackets 49 which are bolted to the end of the extension 4|. A coarse mesh screen forms a guard between the shroud 48 and the extension 4|.

A conduit 52 connects the discharge of the compressorw1th the inlet of the condenser, and

a conduit 53 connects the outlet of the condenser with a liquid receiver formed in the bedplate 22. Applicable control devices 54 and 55 are mounted on the bedplate 22 on opposite sides of the compressor l0.

An oil separator 56, in the low pressure or suction side of the refrigerating system, is embodied in the cylinder head |1. It includes a housing 51, which is formed integrally with the cylinder head and with a well 58 at the bottom, a sleeve 59 within the housing 51, and a spiral or screwshaped member 6| disposed within the sleeve 59 and forming therewith a spiral passage 62. The sleeve 59 is slotted at the bottom as shown at 66 in Fig. '7. A closure 63 for the open end ofthe member 6|. The closure 63 carries a fitting 63' connected to the evaporator (not shown) and has an opening 64' therethrough, for conveying low pressure vaporous refrigerant returned from the evaporator to the spiral passage 62. The interior of the housing 51 forms part of a. return refrigerant passage extending from the exterior of the cylinder head,.to the cylinders l5.

As thevaporous refrigerant passes through the spiralpassage 62 the oil therein is thrown outwardly by centrifugal force against the sleeve 59. It flows downwardly on the wall of the sleeve, through the slot 66 at the bottomto the of refrigerating apparatus.

well 58 and through a connecting conduit 64 to the compressor crank case 25. I

I The apparatus operates in the usual manner Low pressure vaporbus refrigerant admitted through the oil sep- 5 arator 56 and the passage 51' is compressed by the compressor I6, which is driven by the motor H, and then delivered through the conduit 52 to the condenser l3. It is condensedtherein and delivered through the conduit 53 to the liquid receiver to be supplied to cooling apparatus. 4

The fan I3 is arranged to effect circulation of air to the left as seen in Figcl. The air passes first through the condenser, and then to the fan. The radially inner portion passes through the interior of the motor casing, through the spaces 44 and between the stator and the rotor, out through the openings 45, and over the compressor, while the radially outer portion passes over the exterior. of motor casing and then over the compressor, particularly the cylinders and cylinder head. The latter project upwardly beyond the motor casing. v

The shaft seal 36 may be-assembled and removed through the motor casing after removing the fan l2 and the armature 46, which are readily removable from the shaft 32. In the case where the condenser is disposed adjacent the fan |2, it is first removed.

The above-described arrangement is particu larly'advantageous in that, as the armature and stator telescope the shaft seal, the fan |2 may be overhung on the shaft without unduly lengthening the same, thereby avoiding the necessity for an outboard bearing.

In the refrigerating unit shown in Figs. 5 and 6 embodying a water cooled condenser, the casting or other integral member providing the compressor and motor casings is the same as in the air cooled unit. The cylinder head I1 is similar 4'0 except that it embodies water cooling passages 65. The bottom of the cra-nkcase is closed by the top wall 23' of a bed plate 22, which is formed with an integral chamber 66 (see Fig. 6) arranged at the side of the motor-compressor and extending down substantially to the bottom of the bed plate. The chamber 66 is provided with a cover 61, from which a water cooling coil 68 is suspended. The chamber 66 provides a combined condenser and liquid receiver, the upper portion of the chamberproviding the condenser and the lower portion the liquid receiver. Cooling water is admitted to the coil 68 through a valve. 69, which acts in response to the compressor discharge pressure. The water discharged 'fromthe cell 68 is conveyed through a conduit 1| to the 'water cooling passage in the cylinder head I1.

. bodiment.

The operation of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the compressed refrigerant discharged from the 70 compressor passes to the chamber 66, in which it is condensed by the water cooling coils 68 and collected in the bottom of the chamber, from which it is conveyed to the cooling apparatus.

" From the above description, it will be seen that or as are specifically set forth fit aoiaeao I have provided simplified and improved con struction of motor compressor and refrigerating unit for compression refrigeration systems.

While I have shown my invention in several forms, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible of various other changesand modifications, withoutdeparting from the'spirit thereof, and I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as are imposed by the prior art in the appended claims. i

' What I claim is:

v 1. In a refrigerating unit, a compressor including a casing, interior working parts and a drive shaft extending through one wall of the casing:v

a gland for effecting a seal between the casing and the shaft; means providing for the assembly and removal of the gland exteriorly of the easing, said casing having an integral extension forming a socket; and a motor having its armature mounted on the extending portion of the drive shaft and having its stator telescopically fitting the interior of the socket.

2. In a motor compressor unit, the combination of a compressor including casing and a drive shaft extending outwardly therefrom, a sleeve element projecting from the compressor casing and forming therewith a motor casing about said drive shaft, a motor including a stator element telescopically secured within said motor casing and a rotor element detachably mounted on said drive shaft, and a shaft seal for effecting a fluidtight joint between the compressor casing and the-shaft, said shaft seal being ins'ertable and re movable through the motor casing when the rotor element of the motor is removed.

3. In a motor compressor unit, the combination of a compressor casinghaving a projecting portion forming a motor housing, a shaft in the compressor casing extending through a wall of the compressor casing into the motor housing, a motor including cooperating stator and rotor parts carried by said motor housing and extending portion of the shaft, respectively, a shaft seal mounted on said wall at the shaft opening and removable through the motor housing, the shaft seal and rotor being in partially telescoped relation.

4. In a motor compressor unit, the combination of a reciprocating compressor including a crank case and a drive. shaft extending outwardly therefrom, a sleeve element projecting from the compressor casing and forming therewith a motor casing about said crank shaft, a motor including a stator element telescopically secured within said motor casing and a rotor element detachably mounted on said drive shaft, and a shaft seal for effecting a gas and fluid-tight joint between the compressor crank case and the shaft, said shaft seal being arranged in partially telescoped relation with said stator and rotor elements and adapted to be assembled and removed through the outer end of the motor casing when the rotor.

element is removed. I

5. In a motor compressor unit, the combination of a compressor casing including a crank shaft seal device secured to said wall exteriorly thereof adjacent the shaft opening and cooper ating with said shoulder for efiecting a seal be tween said wall and said shaft, smd i'l-l -wall opposite said one wall for the insertion and ing a tubular extension forming a motor casing with said one wall, and a motor including cooperating stator and rotor elements carried by said motor casing and the projecting shaft portion, respectively, said rotor element being re- 5 movable and said shaft seal' device being insertable and removable through the motor casing when the rotor element is removed.

6. In a motor compressor unit, "the combina-- tion of -a casing structure having two bearings, a drive shaft journaled in said bearings andhaving a compressor driving portion between the bearings and an overhung extension beyond one of the bearings, an armature detachably mounted on saidoverhung extension, said cas 15 ing having a sleeve'extension encompassing said armature, a stator mounted in the sleeve around the armature, and a fan mounted on the end of said overhung extension for circulating air through'the motor and past the compressor.

'7. In a motor driven reciprocating compressor,

the combination of a compressor casing including a crank case having two bearings, a crank shaft journaled in said bearings with its compressor driving portion between said bearings, said shaft having an overhung extension projecting beyond one of said bearings and through one wall of the crank case, a removable shaft sealsecured to said crank case on the outer side of said one wall to prevent leakage between the crank case and the shaft, said casing having a sleeve-like extension encompassing said overhung extension, and a motor including a stator mounted in said sleeve-like extension and an armature removably mounted on said overhung extension of the shaft, whereby access to said shaft seal may be had by removing said armature.

8. In a motor-compressor unit, the combination of a reciprocating compressor comprising a compressor housing having a shaft opening in one wall of the crank case thereof, a shaft bearing on the inner side of said wall at the shaft opening, said crank case having an opening in the removal of a shaft, a closure member for the last-mentioned opening carrying a second shaft bearing, a shaft mounted in said bearings and having an overhung portion extending through said shaft opening, aremovable shaft seal secured on the exterior side of said one wall adjacent th shaft opening, and a; motor including a tubular motor casing portion carried by the compressor housing and extending from said one wall and encompassing said overhung shaft portion, said motor further including cooperating stator and rotor parts disposed on the interior of the tubular motor casing portion and the over hung shaft portion, respectively, in telescoping relation to said shaft seal.

9. In a motor compressor unit, a compressor including a casing and a drive shaft extending outwardly therefrom, a sleeve member connected to the compressor casing and providing a socket having inwardly projecting ribs, said sleeve memher having openings extending through the wall thereof adjacent to the compressor, a motor having its armature mounted on the outwardly extending portion of the drive shaft and having its stator supported by said ribs, and means providing for the circulation of cooling an externally of the stator between adjacent ribs and through said openings.

10. In a refrigeration system, a compressor comprising a cylinder, 8 cylinder .W, a rank m5 case, said cylinder head being formed with an integral portion forming a housing for oil separating means, oil separating means within said housing, means for admitting return refrigerant 5 to said housing, means for draining oil separated from the refrigerant in said housing to the crank case, and means for conveying the refrigerant from which oil has been separated to the cylinder independently of the crank case.

11. A compressor for a refrigeration system comprising a cylinder, a cylinder head, a crank case, said cylinder head being formed with an inlet passage therein extending from the exterior to the cylinder, means for admitting return vaporous refrigerant to the exterior or inlet end of said passage, means interposed in said passage for separating oil from the refrigerant, and means for conveying oil separated from the refrigerant in said separating means to the crank case.

12. In a motor compressor unit, the combination of a compressor casing having an integral extension of tubular form providing a motor casing, and an integral wall between the compressor and the motor casing, said integral wall having a shaft opening therein and a bearing at said shaft opening, said compressor having a second bearing, a crank shaft journalled in said bearings and extending through said shaft opening into said motor casing, a motor stator element'mounted in said motor casing, a motor rotor element detachably mounted on the extending portion of said shaft, and a shaft seal device secured to the motor side of said integral wall 'at said shaft opening, said shaft seal device being insertable and removable through said motor casing upon removing said rotor element, and said stator element being in telescoping relation with said shaft seal device.

13. In a motor compressor unit, the combina- 40 tion of a compressor casing having an integral extension of tubular form providing a motor casing, and an integral wall between the compressor and the motor casing, said integral wall having a shaft opening therein and a bearing at said shaft opening, said compressor having a second bearing,

a crank shaft journalled in said bearings and extending through said shaft opening into said motor casing, a motor stator element mounted in'said motor casing, a motor rotor element detachably mounted on the extending portion of said shaft,

' and a shaft seal device secured to the motor side of said integral wall at said shaft opening, said shaft seal device being insertable and removable through said motor casing upon removing said rotor element, said rotor element being in telescoped relation with said shaft seal device, and

said stator element being in telescoping relation with said shaft seal device and the first-mentioned bearing.

14. In a motor compressor unit, the combination of a compressor casing providing ,a crank case portion and having a cylinder formed therein, an

integral extension of tubular form providing a motor casing, and an integral wall between the crank case of the compressor and the motor casing; said integral wall having a shaft opening therein and a bearing at said shaft opening, the 5 crank case having an opening opposite said shaft opening for insertion and removal of a crank shaft; a cap closing said last-mentioned opening and having a shaft bearing mounted therein; a crank shaft mounted in said bearings and extend- 10 ing through said shaft opening into said motor casing; a motor stat'onelement mounted in said motor casing; a motor rotor element detachably mounted on the extending portion of said shaft; and a shaft seal device secured to said integral 15 wall at said shaft opening, said shaft seal device being insertable and removable through said motor casing upon removing said rotor element. 15. In a motor compressor unit, the combination of a compressor casing providing a crank case 20 portion and having a cylinder formed therein, an integral extension of tubular form providing a motor casing, and an integral wall between the crank case of the compressor and the motor casing, said integral wall having a shaft opening 5 V motor casing; a motor rotor element detachably mounted on the extending portion of said shaft; 5 and a shaft seal device secured to saidintegral wall at said shaft opening, said shaftseal'device being insertable and removable through said m0- tor casing upon removing said rotor element; said motor casing having air circulation openings 40 therein adjacent the compressor; and a fan over hung on the extending portion of said shaft for mounted in said compressor and projecting into said motor casing, motor stator and rotor ements mounted in said motor casing and on the pro- 55 jecting portion of saidshaft, respectively, and a fan overhung on the projecting portion of said shaft for circulating air through the motor,

through said air circulation openings, and past

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