US20190341678A1 - Combination antenna - Google Patents
Combination antenna Download PDFInfo
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- US20190341678A1 US20190341678A1 US15/972,614 US201815972614A US2019341678A1 US 20190341678 A1 US20190341678 A1 US 20190341678A1 US 201815972614 A US201815972614 A US 201815972614A US 2019341678 A1 US2019341678 A1 US 2019341678A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
- H01Q7/06—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with core of ferromagnetic material
- H01Q7/08—Ferrite rod or like elongated core
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
Definitions
- the present specification relates to systems, methods, apparatuses, devices, articles of manufacture and instructions for near-field and far-field electromagnetic radiation.
- a combination antenna comprising: a near-field antenna structure, having a first portion and a second portion; and a far-field antenna, having a cavity; wherein the first portion of the near-field antenna structure is inside the cavity and the second portion is outside of the cavity.
- the second portion is a short-loaded dipole antenna.
- the first portion is a small loop antenna.
- the second portion of the near-field antenna structure includes a conductive plate; and the conductive plate is configured to communicate E-field signals.
- the first portion of the near-field antenna structure includes a first portion (e.g. L1) of a coil configured to communicate H-field signals; and the second portion of the near-field antenna includes a second portion (e.g. L2) of the coil configured to communicate H-field signals.
- the far-field antenna includes a set of vias coupling the inside of the cavity to the outside of the cavity; and the first and second portions of the near-field antenna are coupled through the vias.
- the vias include at least one of: a hole, a conductive contact, or a connecting wire.
- the vias are located on a dielectric portion of the far-field antenna.
- the near-field antenna includes a first set of feeding connections; the far-field antenna includes a second set of feeding connections; and the first and second set of feeding connections are not directly galvanically coupled.
- the dielectric is at least one of: ferrite, air, foam or a solid insulator.
- the far-field antenna includes a body structure; the far-field antenna includes a first conductive plate coupled to one end of the body structure and to a first feeding connection; and the far-field antenna also includes a second conductive plate coupled to an opposite end of the body structure and to a second feeding connection.
- the far-field antenna includes a set of feeding connections; and the set of feeding connections are positioned closer to the first conductive plate than the second conductive plate.
- the far-field antenna includes a set of feeding connections; and the set of feeding connections are positioned equidistant from the first and second conductive plates.
- the inductive element is wound completely around the body structure.
- the body structure is at least one of: a hollow cylindrical tube, a lattice structure, or a container.
- the body structure is either formed from a dielectric material or coated with the dielectric material.
- a portable electronic device comprising: a combination antenna; wherein the combination antenna includes, a near-field antenna structure, having a first portion and a second portion; and a far-field antenna, having a cavity; wherein the first portion of the near-field antenna structure is inside the cavity and the second portion is outside of the cavity; and wherein the portable electronic device is at least one of: a hearing aid, a hearable, a medical device, a communication device, or a sensing device.
- FIG. 1 is an example set of electromagnetic regions.
- FIG. 2 is an example near-field electric magnetic induction (NFEMI) antenna.
- NFEMI near-field electric magnetic induction
- FIG. 3 is an example combination antenna prior to assembly.
- FIG. 4 is an example of the combination antenna after assembly.
- FIG. 5 is an example electronic device including the combination antenna coupled to a radio integrated circuit (IC).
- IC radio integrated circuit
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are two different views of an example practical implementation of the combination antenna after assembly.
- Wireless communications may exist in near-field regions and far-field regions.
- information is carried by electromagnetic (EM) wave radiation.
- EM electromagnetic
- H-field and/or E-field induction In a near-field region, information is carried by electromagnetic H-field and/or E-field induction.
- far-fields refer to a region around a radiating antenna in which electro-magnetic waves are radiated into space
- near-fields describe a region close to a transmitting antenna in which non-radiating magnetic waves exist.
- a boundary between the near-field and far-field region may not be fixed and the boundary may change with operating frequency.
- the boundary between a near-field and far-field region may be defined using transmission range, wave impedance or phase variation of radiation.
- Far-fields are most useful when communicating between larger distances (e.g. greater than 1 meter between smartphones, vehicles, structures, and/or distant radio towers).
- Near-fields are most useful when communicating between nodes of a body-network (e.g. less than 1 meter between a smartphone, ear-buds, hearing-aids, medical monitoring devices, smart-fabrics, and/or other devices attached to a body).
- a body-network e.g. less than 1 meter between a smartphone, ear-buds, hearing-aids, medical monitoring devices, smart-fabrics, and/or other devices attached to a body.
- FIG. 1 is an example set of electromagnetic wave regions 100 .
- Electromagnetic waves include electric (E) fields and magnetic (H) fields.
- Two main regions 100 having a radio frequency integrated circuit (RF-IC) at their focal points, include a near-field region 110 and a far-field region 120 .
- RF-IC radio frequency integrated circuit
- the near-field region 110 includes two sub-regions, a reactive induction region 112 and a radiating propagation region 114 .
- a reactive induction region 112 In the radiating region 114 , an angular field distribution depends on distance, while in the reactive zone 112 , energy is stored and not radiated.
- a precise boundary between these two regions 112 , 114 is based on a specific application (e.g. antenna structure, frequency, etc.). Communication in the near-field region 110 can occur through the E-field and/or the H-field.
- Example embodiments of the combination antenna described herein are applicable to near-field communication using either or both the E and H induction fields.
- FIG. 2 is an example near-field antenna structure 200 , that in some example embodiments is used in hearing aids or hearables.
- the near-field antenna structure 200 in various example embodiments may be a near-field electric magnetic induction (NFEMI) antenna and/or a near-field magnetic induction (NFMI) antenna.
- NFEMI near-field electric magnetic induction
- NFMI near-field magnetic induction
- the near-field antenna structure 200 includes a small loop antenna 205 (responsive to the H-field) and a short-loaded dipole 220 (responsive to the E-field).
- the small loop antenna 205 includes a ferrite core 210 , a first coil 215 (having an inductance L1) and a second coil 217 (having an inductance L2).
- the short-loaded dipole 220 includes at least one conductive plate 230 .
- a first near-field feeding connection 237 and a second near-field feeding connection 235 is coupled to additional receiver, transmitter, baseband, and other communication processing circuitry (not shown).
- connection points 240 , 242 , and 244 are also shown.
- Both coils 215 , 217 may be connected such that they form a larger inductance compared with the inductance of the first coil 215 and the second coil 217 .
- Either one or both coils 215 , 217 may be coils, wrapped as copper windings around a cylindrical dielectric 210 (e.g. air, ferrite, etc.), or the coils 215 , 217 can be formed on a planar surface structure. In some example embodiments the coils 215 , 217 are wrapped around the core 210 in an interleaved fashion.
- the coils 215 and 217 are wrapped on top of one another, i.e., the second coil 217 is first wrapped around the core 210 , and then the first coil 215 is then wrapped around the core 210 on top of the second coil 217 .
- Connection point 240 at one end of the first coil 215 is coupled to the first near-field feeding connection 237 .
- Connection point 244 at one end of the second coil 217 is connected to the conductive plate 230 of the small loaded dipole 220 .
- Connection point 242 is coupled to the other ends of the coils 215 , 217 and to the second near-field feeding connection 235 .
- a combination near-field and far-field communication antenna that can transmit and/or receive both far-field EM radiation and near-field EM induction signals.
- the combination antenna permits a device's form-factor to be reduced (e.g. 20-25 mm total diameter) so that it can be integrated into very small devices, such as portable products attached to the human body.
- FIG. 3 is an example combination antenna 300 prior to assembly.
- the combination antenna 300 includes the near-field antenna structure 200 and a far-field antenna structure 302 .
- the near-field antenna structure 200 includes the elements discussed in FIG. 2 .
- the near-field antenna 200 has a first portion and a second portion and the first portion of the near-field antenna 200 structure is inside the cavity 312 of the far-field antenna 302 and the second portion is outside of the cavity 312 of the far-field antenna 302 .
- the first portion is a small loop antenna (e.g. the H-field antenna 205 ) and the second portion is a short-loaded dipole antenna (e.g. the E-field antenna 220 ).
- the far-field antenna 302 includes a body structure 304 , a first conductive plate 306 , a second conductive plate 308 , an inductive element 310 (e.g. wire or filament), a cavity 312 , a first far-field feeding connection 314 , a second far-field feeding connection 316 , and a set of vias 318 .
- an inductive element 310 e.g. wire or filament
- the body structure 304 can be: a hollow cylindrical tube, a lattice structure, or a container.
- the body structure 304 can also be either formed from a dielectric material or coated with the dielectric material.
- the far-field antenna's 302 first conductive plate 306 is coupled to one end of the body structure 304 and to the first feeding connection 316 .
- the far-field antenna's 302 second conductive plate 308 is coupled to an opposite end of the body structure 304 and to the second feeding connection 314 .
- the set of feeding connections 314 , 316 are positioned closer to (i.e. unbalanced) the first conductive plate 306 than the second conductive plate 308 . This allows current flow to be different through one plate or the other.
- the set of feeding connections 314 , 316 are positioned equidistant from the first and second conductive plates 306 , 308 so as to allow far-field current flow to be uniform through the far-field antenna 302 .
- Some example embodiments also include an inductive element coupled between one of the conductive plates 306 or 308 and the first feeding connection 314 .
- the inductive element can be formed on an outside surface of the body structure 304 , and may even be wound completely around the body structure 304 .
- the dielectric coupled between the cavity 312 , and its conductive plates 306 , 308 , and the first portion of the near-field antenna 200 .
- the dielectric can be: ferrite, air, foam or a solid insulator.
- the first portion of the near-field antenna 200 includes a first portion (e.g. the first coil 215 (L1)) and the second portion (e.g. the second coil 217 (L2)) both configured to communicate H-field signals.
- the second portion of the near-field antenna 200 includes the conductive plate 230 which is configured to communicate E-field signals.
- all elements of the combination antenna 300 are inside the cavity 312 .
- the conductive plate 230 is outside of the cavity 312 .
- connection points 240 , 242 , 244 pass through the body structure 304 through the set of vias 318 .
- the set of vias 318 couple the inside of the cavity 312 to the outside of the cavity 312 and the first and second portions of the near-field antenna 200 are coupled through the vias 318 .
- the vias 318 in various example embodiments can be: a hole, a conductive contact, or a connecting wire.
- FIG. 3 also shows the vias 318 located on a dielectric portion of the far-field antenna 302 .
- the set of vias 318 can be located either together or separately at various locations in the body structure 304 , depending upon the combination antenna's 300 application.
- the first 237 , 235 and second 314 , 316 sets of feeding connections are not directly galvanically coupled in many example embodiments. Instead, the near-field feeding connections 237 , 235 and far-field feeding connection 314 , 316 in various example embodiments are separately and respectively connected to various other near-field and far-field baseband and/or signal processing circuits (not shown) to send and receive near-field and far-field signals (e.g. audio, data, etc.) through the near-field antenna 200 and the far-field antenna 302 in the combination antenna 300 .
- near-field feeding connections 237 , 235 and far-field feeding connection 314 , 316 in various example embodiments are separately and respectively connected to various other near-field and far-field baseband and/or signal processing circuits (not shown) to send and receive near-field and far-field signals (e.g. audio, data, etc.) through the near-field antenna 200 and the far-field antenna 302 in the combination antenna 300 .
- the combination antenna 300 itself can also be embedded in a portable electronic device such as: a hearing aid, a hearable, a medical device, a communication device, or a sensing device.
- a portable electronic device such as: a hearing aid, a hearable, a medical device, a communication device, or a sensing device.
- FIG. 4 is an example 400 of the combination antenna 300 after assembly.
- the example shows the H-field antenna 205 (small loop) with the ferrite core 210 inside of the cavity 312 and the E-field antenna 220 (short-loaded dipole) with the conductive plate 230 outside of the cavity 312 .
- the conductive plate 230 is positioned as close as possible to the body or the structure so as to maximize a link-budget for receiving and/or transmitting near-field signals.
- FIG. 5 is an example electronic device 500 including the combination antenna 300 .
- the electronic device 500 e.g. a hearing aid or ear bud
- the electronic device 500 includes the combination antenna 300 , a set of baseband/signal processing electronics 502 , and a loud-speaker/microphone unit 504 .
- the combination antenna 300 is coupled to baseband/signal processing electronics 502 through connections 506 and 508 (e.g. wires).
- the combination antenna 300 includes the near-field antenna structure 200 and the far-field antenna structure 302 discussed above.
- the baseband/signal processing electronics 502 includes far-field radio communications circuits 510 , having an input/output interface 512 , and near-field radio communications circuits 514 , having an input/output interface 516 .
- the baseband/signal processing electronics 502 transmits and receives and audio and data received from the combination antenna 300 .
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are examples 600 of two different views 602 , 604 of an example practical earbud implementation of the combination antenna 300 after assembly.
- all elements of the combination antenna 300 are inside the earbud casing (e.g. a plastic casing). Due to the casing's compact form-factor, it can be placed inside a user's external ear area.
- the earbud casing e.g. a plastic casing. Due to the casing's compact form-factor, it can be placed inside a user's external ear area.
- the conductive plate 230 (e.g. a conductive strip) in this example embodiment wraps around outside of the far-field antenna structure 302 in the casing.
- a deformable portion 606 of the earbud can be placed inside a user's outer ear canal area.
- the first set of wires 608 is for connecting to the near-field radio communication circuit.
- the second set of wires 610 is for connecting to the loudspeaker.
- combination antennas described herein can be integrated into various fixed or portable devices attached or adjacent to a user or various other structures.
- devices having combination antennas may include hearing aids, ear buds, headphones, and various other commercial, consumer lifestyle and/or healthcare devices.
- antenna diversity and signal robustness may be achieved using multiple devices each having their own combination antenna (e.g. two earbuds, a smartphone and one earbud, etc.).
- devices each having their own combination antenna (e.g. two earbuds, a smartphone and one earbud, etc.).
- such devices can at one time communicate using far-field and at another time communicate using near-field.
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Abstract
Description
- The present specification relates to systems, methods, apparatuses, devices, articles of manufacture and instructions for near-field and far-field electromagnetic radiation.
- According to an example embodiment, a combination antenna, comprising: a near-field antenna structure, having a first portion and a second portion; and a far-field antenna, having a cavity; wherein the first portion of the near-field antenna structure is inside the cavity and the second portion is outside of the cavity.
- In another example embodiment, the second portion is a short-loaded dipole antenna.
- In another example embodiment, the first portion is a small loop antenna.
- In another example embodiment, the second portion of the near-field antenna structure includes a conductive plate; and the conductive plate is configured to communicate E-field signals.
- In another example embodiment, the first portion of the near-field antenna structure includes a first portion (e.g. L1) of a coil configured to communicate H-field signals; and the second portion of the near-field antenna includes a second portion (e.g. L2) of the coil configured to communicate H-field signals.
- In another example embodiment, the far-field antenna includes a set of vias coupling the inside of the cavity to the outside of the cavity; and the first and second portions of the near-field antenna are coupled through the vias.
- In another example embodiment, the vias include at least one of: a hole, a conductive contact, or a connecting wire.
- In another example embodiment, the vias are located on a dielectric portion of the far-field antenna.
- In another example embodiment, the near-field antenna includes a first set of feeding connections; the far-field antenna includes a second set of feeding connections; and the first and second set of feeding connections are not directly galvanically coupled.
- In another example embodiment, further comprising a dielectric coupled between the cavity and the first portion of the near-field antenna structure is inside the cavity.
- In another example embodiment, the dielectric is at least one of: ferrite, air, foam or a solid insulator.
- In another example embodiment, the far-field antenna includes a body structure; the far-field antenna includes a first conductive plate coupled to one end of the body structure and to a first feeding connection; and the far-field antenna also includes a second conductive plate coupled to an opposite end of the body structure and to a second feeding connection.
- In another example embodiment, the far-field antenna includes a set of feeding connections; and the set of feeding connections are positioned closer to the first conductive plate than the second conductive plate.
- In another example embodiment, the far-field antenna includes a set of feeding connections; and the set of feeding connections are positioned equidistant from the first and second conductive plates.
- In another example embodiment, further comprising a dielectric coupled between the set of conductive plates, of the far-field antenna, and the first portion of the near-field antenna structure is inside the cavity.
- In another example embodiment, further comprising an inductive element coupled between one of the conductive plates and the first feeding connection; and wherein the inductive element is formed on an outside surface of the body structure.
- In another example embodiment, the inductive element is wound completely around the body structure.
- In another example embodiment, the body structure is at least one of: a hollow cylindrical tube, a lattice structure, or a container.
- In another example embodiment, the body structure is either formed from a dielectric material or coated with the dielectric material.
- According to an example embodiment, a portable electronic device, comprising: a combination antenna; wherein the combination antenna includes, a near-field antenna structure, having a first portion and a second portion; and a far-field antenna, having a cavity; wherein the first portion of the near-field antenna structure is inside the cavity and the second portion is outside of the cavity; and wherein the portable electronic device is at least one of: a hearing aid, a hearable, a medical device, a communication device, or a sensing device.
- The above discussion is not intended to represent every example embodiment or every implementation within the scope of the current or future Claim sets. The Figures and Detailed Description that follow also exemplify various example embodiments.
- Various example embodiments may be more completely understood in consideration of the following Detailed Description in connection with the accompanying Drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is an example set of electromagnetic regions. -
FIG. 2 is an example near-field electric magnetic induction (NFEMI) antenna. -
FIG. 3 is an example combination antenna prior to assembly. -
FIG. 4 is an example of the combination antenna after assembly. -
FIG. 5 is an example electronic device including the combination antenna coupled to a radio integrated circuit (IC). -
FIGS. 6A and 6B are two different views of an example practical implementation of the combination antenna after assembly. - While the disclosure is amenable to various modifications and alternative forms, specifics thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that other embodiments, beyond the particular embodiments described, are possible as well. All modifications, equivalents, and alternative embodiments falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims are covered as well.
- Wireless communications may exist in near-field regions and far-field regions. In a far-field region, information is carried by electromagnetic (EM) wave radiation. In a near-field region, information is carried by electromagnetic H-field and/or E-field induction.
- While far-fields refer to a region around a radiating antenna in which electro-magnetic waves are radiated into space, near-fields describe a region close to a transmitting antenna in which non-radiating magnetic waves exist.
- A boundary between the near-field and far-field region may not be fixed and the boundary may change with operating frequency. The boundary between a near-field and far-field region may be defined using transmission range, wave impedance or phase variation of radiation.
- Far-fields are most useful when communicating between larger distances (e.g. greater than 1 meter between smartphones, vehicles, structures, and/or distant radio towers).
- Near-fields are most useful when communicating between nodes of a body-network (e.g. less than 1 meter between a smartphone, ear-buds, hearing-aids, medical monitoring devices, smart-fabrics, and/or other devices attached to a body).
-
FIG. 1 is an example set ofelectromagnetic wave regions 100. Electromagnetic waves include electric (E) fields and magnetic (H) fields. Twomain regions 100, having a radio frequency integrated circuit (RF-IC) at their focal points, include a near-field region 110 and a far-field region 120. - In the far-
field region 120, a combination of E-field and H-field waves propagate perpendicular to each other and to the direction of propagation. - The near-
field region 110 includes two sub-regions, areactive induction region 112 and a radiatingpropagation region 114. In theradiating region 114, an angular field distribution depends on distance, while in thereactive zone 112, energy is stored and not radiated. A precise boundary between these tworegions field region 110 can occur through the E-field and/or the H-field. - Example embodiments of the combination antenna described herein are applicable to near-field communication using either or both the E and H induction fields.
-
FIG. 2 is an example near-field antenna structure 200, that in some example embodiments is used in hearing aids or hearables. The near-field antenna structure 200 in various example embodiments may be a near-field electric magnetic induction (NFEMI) antenna and/or a near-field magnetic induction (NFMI) antenna. The discussion that follows presents the NFEMI antenna version of the near-field antenna structure 200. - In an NFEMI embodiment, the near-
field antenna structure 200 includes a small loop antenna 205 (responsive to the H-field) and a short-loaded dipole 220 (responsive to the E-field). - The
small loop antenna 205 includes aferrite core 210, a first coil 215 (having an inductance L1) and a second coil 217 (having an inductance L2). The short-loadeddipole 220 includes at least oneconductive plate 230. A first near-field feeding connection 237 and a second near-field feeding connection 235 is coupled to additional receiver, transmitter, baseband, and other communication processing circuitry (not shown). For later discussion purposes,connection points - Both
coils first coil 215 and thesecond coil 217. Either one or bothcoils coils coils core 210 in an interleaved fashion. In other example embodiments thecoils second coil 217 is first wrapped around thecore 210, and then thefirst coil 215 is then wrapped around thecore 210 on top of thesecond coil 217. -
Connection point 240 at one end of thefirst coil 215 is coupled to the first near-field feeding connection 237.Connection point 244 at one end of thesecond coil 217 is connected to theconductive plate 230 of the small loadeddipole 220.Connection point 242 is coupled to the other ends of thecoils field feeding connection 235. - Now discussed are some embodiments of a combination near-field and far-field communication antenna that can transmit and/or receive both far-field EM radiation and near-field EM induction signals. The combination antenna permits a device's form-factor to be reduced (e.g. 20-25 mm total diameter) so that it can be integrated into very small devices, such as portable products attached to the human body.
-
FIG. 3 is anexample combination antenna 300 prior to assembly. Thecombination antenna 300 includes the near-field antenna structure 200 and a far-field antenna structure 302. The near-field antenna structure 200 includes the elements discussed inFIG. 2 . - The near-
field antenna 200, has a first portion and a second portion and the first portion of the near-field antenna 200 structure is inside thecavity 312 of the far-field antenna 302 and the second portion is outside of thecavity 312 of the far-field antenna 302. - In some example embodiments, the first portion is a small loop antenna (e.g. the H-field antenna 205) and the second portion is a short-loaded dipole antenna (e.g. the E-field antenna 220).
- The far-
field antenna 302 includes abody structure 304, a firstconductive plate 306, a secondconductive plate 308, an inductive element 310 (e.g. wire or filament), acavity 312, a first far-field feeding connection 314, a second far-field feeding connection 316, and a set ofvias 318. - The
body structure 304 can be: a hollow cylindrical tube, a lattice structure, or a container. Thebody structure 304 can also be either formed from a dielectric material or coated with the dielectric material. - The far-field antenna's 302 first
conductive plate 306 is coupled to one end of thebody structure 304 and to thefirst feeding connection 316. The far-field antenna's 302 secondconductive plate 308 is coupled to an opposite end of thebody structure 304 and to thesecond feeding connection 314. - In some example embodiments, the set of feeding
connections conductive plate 306 than the secondconductive plate 308. This allows current flow to be different through one plate or the other. - In other example embodiments, the set of feeding
connections conductive plates field antenna 302. - Some example embodiments, also include an inductive element coupled between one of the
conductive plates first feeding connection 314. The inductive element can be formed on an outside surface of thebody structure 304, and may even be wound completely around thebody structure 304. - When an RF alternating current passes through the inductive element 310 a distributed inductance together with the capacitance formed by the two
antenna elements ferrite body structure 304, resonate at a frequency band of operation. - In various example embodiments, there is a dielectric coupled between the
cavity 312, and itsconductive plates field antenna 200. The dielectric can be: ferrite, air, foam or a solid insulator. - The first portion of the near-
field antenna 200 includes a first portion (e.g. the first coil 215 (L1)) and the second portion (e.g. the second coil 217 (L2)) both configured to communicate H-field signals. The second portion of the near-field antenna 200 includes theconductive plate 230 which is configured to communicate E-field signals. - In the example embodiment shown in
FIG. 4 , all elements of thecombination antenna 300, except theconductive plate 230, are inside thecavity 312. Theconductive plate 230 is outside of thecavity 312. - When portions of the
antenna 200 are inside thecavity 312 of thebody structure 304, connection points 240, 242, 244 pass through thebody structure 304 through the set ofvias 318. The set ofvias 318 couple the inside of thecavity 312 to the outside of thecavity 312 and the first and second portions of the near-field antenna 200 are coupled through thevias 318. Thevias 318 in various example embodiments can be: a hole, a conductive contact, or a connecting wire. -
FIG. 3 also shows thevias 318 located on a dielectric portion of the far-field antenna 302. The set ofvias 318 can be located either together or separately at various locations in thebody structure 304, depending upon the combination antenna's 300 application. - The first 237, 235 and second 314, 316 sets of feeding connections are not directly galvanically coupled in many example embodiments. Instead, the near-
field feeding connections field feeding connection field antenna 200 and the far-field antenna 302 in thecombination antenna 300. - The
combination antenna 300 itself can also be embedded in a portable electronic device such as: a hearing aid, a hearable, a medical device, a communication device, or a sensing device. -
FIG. 4 is an example 400 of thecombination antenna 300 after assembly. The example shows the H-field antenna 205 (small loop) with theferrite core 210 inside of thecavity 312 and the E-field antenna 220 (short-loaded dipole) with theconductive plate 230 outside of thecavity 312. - When the
combination antenna 300 is placed on a body or a structure, theconductive plate 230 is positioned as close as possible to the body or the structure so as to maximize a link-budget for receiving and/or transmitting near-field signals. -
FIG. 5 is an exampleelectronic device 500 including thecombination antenna 300. The electronic device 500 (e.g. a hearing aid or ear bud) includes thecombination antenna 300, a set of baseband/signal processing electronics 502, and a loud-speaker/microphone unit 504. - The
combination antenna 300 is coupled to baseband/signal processing electronics 502 throughconnections 506 and 508 (e.g. wires). Thecombination antenna 300 includes the near-field antenna structure 200 and the far-field antenna structure 302 discussed above. - The baseband/
signal processing electronics 502 includes far-fieldradio communications circuits 510, having an input/output interface 512, and near-fieldradio communications circuits 514, having an input/output interface 516. - The baseband/
signal processing electronics 502 transmits and receives and audio and data received from thecombination antenna 300. -
FIGS. 6A and 6B are examples 600 of twodifferent views combination antenna 300 after assembly. - In this example embodiment, all elements of the
combination antenna 300, except theconductive plate 230, are inside the earbud casing (e.g. a plastic casing). Due to the casing's compact form-factor, it can be placed inside a user's external ear area. - The conductive plate 230 (e.g. a conductive strip) in this example embodiment wraps around outside of the far-
field antenna structure 302 in the casing. Adeformable portion 606 of the earbud can be placed inside a user's outer ear canal area. - Also shown are a first set of
wires 608 and a second set ofwires 610. The first set ofwires 608 is for connecting to the near-field radio communication circuit. The second set ofwires 610 is for connecting to the loudspeaker. - The combination antennas described herein can be integrated into various fixed or portable devices attached or adjacent to a user or various other structures. For example devices having combination antennas may include hearing aids, ear buds, headphones, and various other commercial, consumer lifestyle and/or healthcare devices.
- In some example embodiments antenna diversity and signal robustness may be achieved using multiple devices each having their own combination antenna (e.g. two earbuds, a smartphone and one earbud, etc.). Thus as environmental conditions change such devices can at one time communicate using far-field and at another time communicate using near-field.
- It will be readily understood that the components of the embodiments as generally described herein and illustrated in the appended figures could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the detailed description of various embodiments, as represented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, but is merely representative of various embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
- The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by this detailed description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
- Reference throughout this specification to features, advantages, or similar language does not imply that all of the features and advantages that may be realized with the present invention should be or are in any single embodiment of the invention. Rather, language referring to the features and advantages is understood to mean that a specific feature, advantage, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, discussions of the features and advantages, and similar language, throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, refer to the same embodiment.
- Furthermore, the described features, advantages, and characteristics of the invention may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, in light of the description herein, that the invention can be practiced without one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments of the invention.
- Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” or similar language means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the indicated embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in an embodiment,” and similar language throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/972,614 US10978791B2 (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2018-05-07 | Combination antenna |
EP19169653.3A EP3567673A1 (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2019-04-16 | Combination antenna |
CN201910377975.9A CN110459878A (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2019-05-07 | Combined antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/972,614 US10978791B2 (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2018-05-07 | Combination antenna |
Publications (2)
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US20190341678A1 true US20190341678A1 (en) | 2019-11-07 |
US10978791B2 US10978791B2 (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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US15/972,614 Active 2038-09-12 US10978791B2 (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2018-05-07 | Combination antenna |
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US (1) | US10978791B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3567673A1 (en) |
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US10615502B2 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-04-07 | Nxp B.V. | Near-field electromagnetic induction (NFEMI) antenna |
US20200328505A1 (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-15 | Nxp B.V. | Combination near-field and far-field antenna |
US10826627B1 (en) * | 2020-04-06 | 2020-11-03 | Nxp B.V. | Near-field measuring device |
US11031680B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2021-06-08 | Nxp B.V. | Near-field electromagnetic induction (NFEMI) antenna |
US11211694B2 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-12-28 | Nxp B.V. | Near-field wireless device |
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EP2645478A1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-02 | Nxp B.V. | Radio frequency antenna circuit |
US10015604B2 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2018-07-03 | Nxp B.V. | Electromagnetic induction field communication |
US9197986B1 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-11-24 | Nxp, B.V. | Electromagnetic induction radio |
CN105428808B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-01-19 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | A kind of antenna and terminal for receiving and dispatching multiband wireless signal |
US10320086B2 (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2019-06-11 | Nxp B.V. | Near-field electromagnetic induction (NFEMI) antenna |
-
2018
- 2018-05-07 US US15/972,614 patent/US10978791B2/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-04-16 EP EP19169653.3A patent/EP3567673A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-05-07 CN CN201910377975.9A patent/CN110459878A/en active Pending
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US20160344109A1 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-24 | Nxp B.V. | Combination antenna |
US20170062949A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-03-02 | Nxp B.V. | Antenna system |
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US10615502B2 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-04-07 | Nxp B.V. | Near-field electromagnetic induction (NFEMI) antenna |
US11031680B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2021-06-08 | Nxp B.V. | Near-field electromagnetic induction (NFEMI) antenna |
US20200328505A1 (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-15 | Nxp B.V. | Combination near-field and far-field antenna |
US10819024B1 (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-27 | Nxp B.V. | Combination near-field and far-field antenna |
US11211694B2 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-12-28 | Nxp B.V. | Near-field wireless device |
US10826627B1 (en) * | 2020-04-06 | 2020-11-03 | Nxp B.V. | Near-field measuring device |
Also Published As
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EP3567673A1 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
CN110459878A (en) | 2019-11-15 |
US10978791B2 (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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