US20180044101A1 - Bracket system - Google Patents
Bracket system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20180044101A1 US20180044101A1 US15/666,723 US201715666723A US2018044101A1 US 20180044101 A1 US20180044101 A1 US 20180044101A1 US 201715666723 A US201715666723 A US 201715666723A US 2018044101 A1 US2018044101 A1 US 2018044101A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- receiving surface
- axle assembly
- bracket
- axle
- stud
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/62—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for stacks of articles; for special arrangements of groups of articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B15/00—Attaching articles to cards, sheets, strings, webs, or other carriers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
- B65D81/05—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/68—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B81/00—Cabinets or racks specially adapted for other particular purposes, e.g. for storing guns or skis
- A47B81/005—Devices for storing or displaying rifles, guns, pistols or elongated objects such as fishing rods storing fishing rods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B87/00—Sectional furniture, i.e. combinations of complete furniture units, e.g. assemblies of furniture units of the same kind such as linkable cabinets, tables, racks or shelf units
- A47B87/02—Sectional furniture, i.e. combinations of complete furniture units, e.g. assemblies of furniture units of the same kind such as linkable cabinets, tables, racks or shelf units stackable ; stackable and linkable
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B87/00—Sectional furniture, i.e. combinations of complete furniture units, e.g. assemblies of furniture units of the same kind such as linkable cabinets, tables, racks or shelf units
- A47B87/02—Sectional furniture, i.e. combinations of complete furniture units, e.g. assemblies of furniture units of the same kind such as linkable cabinets, tables, racks or shelf units stackable ; stackable and linkable
- A47B87/0207—Stackable racks, trays or shelf units
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B87/00—Sectional furniture, i.e. combinations of complete furniture units, e.g. assemblies of furniture units of the same kind such as linkable cabinets, tables, racks or shelf units
- A47B87/02—Sectional furniture, i.e. combinations of complete furniture units, e.g. assemblies of furniture units of the same kind such as linkable cabinets, tables, racks or shelf units stackable ; stackable and linkable
- A47B87/0276—Stackable modular units, each consisting of a closed periphery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
- A47F5/00—Show stands, hangers, or shelves characterised by their constructional features
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
- A47F7/00—Show stands, hangers, or shelves, adapted for particular articles or materials
- A47F7/0007—Show stands, hangers, or shelves, adapted for particular articles or materials for stacked articles; Stabilising means therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
- A47F7/00—Show stands, hangers, or shelves, adapted for particular articles or materials
- A47F7/0021—Show stands, hangers, or shelves, adapted for particular articles or materials for long or non-stable articles, e.g. fishing rods, pencils, lipsticks or the like; Compartments or recesses as stabilising means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
- A47F7/00—Show stands, hangers, or shelves, adapted for particular articles or materials
- A47F7/0021—Show stands, hangers, or shelves, adapted for particular articles or materials for long or non-stable articles, e.g. fishing rods, pencils, lipsticks or the like; Compartments or recesses as stabilising means
- A47F7/0035—Show stands, hangers, or shelves, adapted for particular articles or materials for long or non-stable articles, e.g. fishing rods, pencils, lipsticks or the like; Compartments or recesses as stabilising means in a horizontal position
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2585/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D2585/68—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form
- B65D2585/6802—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles
- B65D2585/6875—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles engines, motors, machines and vehicle parts
- B65D2585/6882—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles engines, motors, machines and vehicle parts vehicle parts
Definitions
- This application generally relates to structure for arranging, packaging and shipping axle assemblies that are used in heavy-duty vehicles. Particularly, this application relates to a bracket configuration and method for arranging, packaging and shipping multiple axle assemblies in a stacked and spaced relationship.
- axle assembly It is known to ship vehicle parts, such as heavy-duty vehicle axle assemblies from an axle assembly fabrication plant to a heavy-duty vehicle assembly plant by truck or tractor and trailer.
- One such heavy-duty vehicle axle assembly is of the non-integrated axle type. That is, the axle assembly does not necessarily include suspension components.
- the axle assembly typically includes wheel end assemblies with or without brake systems.
- the axle assemblies are typically large, heavy and difficult to handle and package for shipping. The axle assemblies are subject to damage if they contact one another during packaging and/or transport or if they contact other structure associated with shipping.
- axle assemblies that can be shipped on a typical trailer.
- the axle assemblies were shipped in a package of two using a first wood pallet, wood blocks and steel strapping that are relatively expensive and discarded to cause an unrecoverable cost of shipping.
- Each axle assembly has a pair of wheel end assemblies and a pair of brake assemblies mounted at opposite ends of an axle.
- Each wheel end assembly includes a hub with studs extending from the hub.
- the system includes a base bracket with a main body portion.
- the main body portion has a receiving surface to engage and support a portion of a first axle assembly, such as a lower portion of the first axle assembly.
- the main body portion has at least one slot extending from the receiving surface to accept one of the studs.
- the main body portion also has at least one end portion extending transversely from the main body portion to stand the base bracket upright and stabilize the base bracket on a support surface.
- the end portion extends a distance at least equal to a distance that the hub and studs extend from the main body portion to protect the hub and studs from damage by contact with truck/trailer structure, other structure when being moved or material handling equipment.
- the system also includes an intermediate bracket with a first receiving surface located at a lower or first end of the intermediate bracket.
- the first receiving surface of the intermediate bracket receives and engages another portion of the first axle assembly, such as an upper portion of the first axle assembly.
- At least one slot extends from the first receiving surface of the intermediate bracket to accept another stud of the first axle assembly.
- a second receiving surface is located at an upper or opposite second end of the intermediate bracket. The second receiving surface engages and supports a portion of a second axle assembly, such as a lower portion of the second axle assembly, in a position above the first axle assembly. At least one slot extends from the second receiving surface to accept a stud of the second axle assembly.
- Two end portions extend in the same direction transversely from the main body portion. At least one of the end portions extends a distance at least equal to a distance that the hub and studs extend from the main body portion.
- Another receiving surface on the base bracket receives a portion of another axle assembly.
- Another receiving surface on the intermediate bracket receives a portion of the other axle assembly.
- Another base bracket receives and supports a second end portion of the first axle assembly.
- Another intermediate bracket receives and secures a second end portion of the first axle assembly.
- the receiving surface has at least one arcuate surface. Structure is provided for at least one brake assembly to engage and inhibit rotation of the brake assembly.
- a cover material is on at least one of the receiving surface and slot of at least one of the base bracket and intermediate bracket to protect components of the axle assembly. More than one stud slot extends from the receiving surface of at least one of the base bracket and intermediate bracket.
- a fastener is threaded onto the stud to clamp and secure an axle assembly to a bracket and inhibit relative movement in all directions between the bracket and the wheel end assembly.
- Another aspect of this application is a method of packaging axle assemblies in a stacked and spaced arrangement.
- the method includes providing a base bracket according to the structure described above.
- a first axle assembly is placed in the base bracket so a portion of the first axle engages a receiving surface of the main body portion and a stud is received in a slot.
- the method also includes providing an intermediate bracket according to the structure described above.
- the intermediate bracket is placed on the first axle assembly so a portion of a first axle engages a downward facing receiving surface of the intermediate bracket and another stud of the first axle assembly is received in a slot extending from the downward facing receiving surface.
- a second axle assembly is placed on the intermediate bracket so a portion of the second axle engages and is supported by an upward facing second receiving surface of the intermediate bracket and a stud is received in a slot extending from the upward facing receiving surface.
- Fasteners such as wheel nuts, are threaded onto studs extending from the brackets to provide a structure or package suitable for shipping.
- FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a package of axle assemblies using a bracket system and method, according to aspects of this application;
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the package of axle assemblies and the bracket system illustrated in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged elevational view of the package of axle assemblies and the bracket system illustrated in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a portion the bracket system illustrated in FIGS. 1-3 ;
- FIG. 5 is a front elevational view of a portion of the bracket system illustrated in FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the bracket system illustrated in FIG. 5 , taken approximately along line 6 - 6 of FIG. 5 ;
- FIG. 7 is a top plan view of the bracket system illustrated in FIG. 5 , taken approximately along line 7 - 7 of FIG. 5 .
- FIGS. 1-3 A package 20 of four axle assemblies 22 , according to an aspect of this application, is illustrated in FIGS. 1-3 .
- the package 20 of four axle assemblies 22 is intended to be shipped by suitable transport means, such as a trailer pulled by a tractor.
- a representative axle assembly 22 may be a TRLAXLE® trailer axle assembly available from Hendrickson Trailer Commercial Vehicle Systems in Canton, Ohio.
- a reusable bracket system 40 (best seen in FIGS. 4-5 ) forms the package 20 of four axle assemblies 22 , as illustrated in FIGS. 1-3 .
- the bracket system 40 receives and supports the axle assemblies 22 in a stacked and spaced arrangement suitable for handling and shipping.
- the package 20 of four axle assemblies 22 is supported by the bracket system 40 , constructed according to one aspect.
- Each of a pair of bracket systems 40 are used on respective opposite ends of the axle assemblies 22 .
- the description for one side of the package 20 of axle assemblies 22 and the bracket system 40 such as that shown in FIG. 3 , will also apply to the opposite side.
- the lowermost pair of axle assemblies 22 in the package 20 is supported on a pair of lower, bottom or base brackets 42 at opposite end portions of the axle assemblies.
- the base brackets 42 are intended to receive, support and secure the lowermost pair of axle assemblies 22 in a spaced relationship with one another and above or off of a support surface, such as a floor or a trailer bed.
- the base brackets receive and support a lower portion of each end of the respective axle assemblies 22 .
- a pair of intermediate brackets 44 receives and engages an upper portion of each end of the respective axle assemblies 22 .
- the uppermost pair or secondary level of axle assemblies 22 of the package 20 is supported from below and spaced from each other and the lowermost axle assemblies by the pair of intermediate brackets 44 .
- Each axle assembly 22 includes an axle 60 ( FIGS. 1-2 ). Each axle assembly 22 also has a pair of wheel end assemblies 62 mounted at opposite end portions of the axle 60 . Each wheel end assembly 62 includes a hub 64 with a plurality of studs 66 arranged in a circular array extending in an outward direction from the hub. Each hub 64 is shown with ten (10) interference fit studs 66 extending through the hub, but it will be apparent that any suitable number of studs may be employed. The hub 64 and studs 66 are intended to operatively mount a tire and wheel assembly (not shown) to the axle assembly 22 , as is known.
- Suitable fasteners such as wheel nuts 68 are provided to be threaded onto respective studs 66 to secure and clamp the axle assemblies 22 to the base bracket 42 and to the intermediate bracket 44 of the bracket system 40 .
- This securement creates a structurally strong and stable package 20 suitable for shipping with the axle assemblies 22 securely stacked and spaced apart.
- Each axle assembly 22 may include a pair of brake assemblies 70 mounted on opposite end portions of the axle 60 on respective wheel end assemblies 62 .
- the brake assemblies 70 may be of any suitable brake system, for example a drum brake system or an air disc brake system, such as that shown. Components of the brake assemblies 70 can be damaged with improper handling, packaging and/or shipping.
- the base bracket 42 of the bracket system 40 has a central or main body portion 80 ( FIGS. 4-6 ) with a lower or bottom surface that provides contact with a supporting foundation, such as a floor or a bed of a truck or trailer.
- the base bracket 42 also may include a pair of opposite end portions 82 extending transversely from the main body portion 80 .
- the end portions 82 are preferably formed integrally with the main body portion 80 by bending a cut steel plate.
- the base bracket 42 is preferably made from a suitable metal, such as ASTM Grade 50 steel plate about 3 ⁇ 8 inch thick. It is contemplated that other suitable metals could be employed, such as aluminum, or sufficiently strong plastics, such as fiber reinforced plastic.
- the end portions 82 stabilize the base bracket 42 on a support surface, such as a floor or a bed of a truck or trailer.
- Each opposite end portion 82 extends transversely from the main body portion 80 at a suitable angle A as viewed in FIG. 7 , such as about 15°.
- At least one of the end portions 82 extends a distance D ( FIGS. 6-7 ) away from the main body portion 80 that is at least equal to, and preferably more than, a distance that the hub 64 and/or studs 66 extend from the main body portion when the package 20 is formed.
- This distance D that the end portions 82 extend from the main body portion 80 protects the hub 64 and studs 66 from damage by contact with a truck/trailer body, such as a sidewall extending upwardly from a bed, contact with structure or equipment that the package 20 would be moved past or contacted by unintentional material handling equipment, such as a forklift.
- Each base bracket 42 has an upper receiving surface 100 (best seen in FIGS. 4-5 ) to engage and support a portion of one of the lowermost pair or at least a first one of the axle assemblies 22 . While one receiving surface 100 will be described in detail, it will be apparent that the description equally applies to a base bracket 42 with more than one receiving surface that can receive, support and secure more than one axle assembly 22 , such as the two receiving surfaces illustrated in FIGS. 4-5 .
- the receiving surface 100 is preferably arcuate in shape that can be divided and distributed between two or more arcuate portions.
- the arcuate receiving surface 100 is of a radius that closely matches the outer periphery of a portion of the wheel end assembly 62 of the axle assembly 22 that it supports.
- the base bracket 42 also has a surface defining at least one scalloped slot 102 that extends from the receiving surface 100 .
- the slot 102 may accept one of the studs 66 .
- multiple slots 102 such as the four shown in FIGS. 4-5 , extend from each receiving surface 100 .
- the slots 102 are arranged to extend substantially parallel to one another so the slots can simultaneously receive respective studs 66 when an axle assembly 22 is lowered onto the receiving surface 100 of the base bracket 42 .
- the arcuate end surface of each slot 102 is not necessarily intended to engage a stud 66 and support a portion of the weight of an axle assembly 22 , because it is preferred that the receiving surface 100 performs this support and the loadbearing function. It will be appreciated that through holes or openings could be used in place of the slots 102 for receiving studs 66 and that this design choice would require additional maneuvering of the base bracket 42 and/or axle assembly 22 to place and properly support the axle assembly in the base bracket.
- the base bracket 42 has a lower surface, as viewed in the drawings, on the main body portion 80 and in portions 82 that is adapted to rest on a support surface, such as a floor or bed or depth of a truck or trailer.
- the lower surface of the base bracket 42 may have a surface defining an elevated or relief portion 104 that serves to allow manual manipulation of the base bracket to move it or for access by material handling equipment, such as a forklift.
- the lower surface of the base bracket 42 may have more than one relief portion 104 .
- the upper surface of the base bracket 42 also has an upper relief portion 106 that augments manual manipulation to move the base bracket or for access by material handling equipment.
- a wheel end assembly 62 of an axle assembly 22 When a wheel end assembly 62 of an axle assembly 22 is placed on a receiving surface 100 of the base bracket 42 , at least one or more (four in the illustrated aspect) of the studs 66 may be received in respective slots 102 in the base bracket. Wheel nuts 68 are then threaded and tightened on the studs 66 against the outer surface of the base bracket 42 to clamp a portion of the hub 64 to the inner surface of the base bracket. Clamping the hubs 64 to the base bracket secures the axle assembly 22 to the base bracket 42 and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. Clamping the hub 64 to the base bracket 42 , thus, creates a structure that serves as a foundation for the package 20 that is strong, stable and suitable for shipping.
- the base bracket 42 may accommodate a single axle assembly 22 , but preferably a pair of axle assemblies are mounted on the base bracket. It will be apparent that a pair of base brackets 42 are used in the bracket system 40 at opposite ends of the axle assembly or assemblies 22 .
- the base bracket 42 may include a cover material, such as plastic, rubber or the like, on at least one surface defining the receiving surface 100 and/or slots 102 and/or even the major side surfaces of the base bracket. This cover material can act as a cushion to prevent or minimize damaging the axle assemblies 22 from being scratched or other contact with the bracket system 40 .
- Brackets or banding material may be used to connect at least a portion each of the brake assemblies 70 to one another, to one of the axles 60 or to the base bracket 42 to prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assemblies and potential damage during transit or handling.
- the base bracket 42 may include structure (not shown) that can be welded or otherwise attached to the base bracket to engage a portion of the brake assembly 70 and prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly.
- the bracket system 40 may include a rod or “key” that can be inserted into a brake component of the brake assembly 70 to engage structure, such as the base bracket 42 or axle assembly 22 , to prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly.
- the brake assembly 70 may be manipulated so at least one friction brake pad engages an associated rotor to prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly.
- the bracket system 40 also includes the second, upper or intermediate bracket 44 .
- the intermediate bracket 44 is preferably made from a suitable metal, such as ASTM Grade 50 steel plate about 3 ⁇ 8 inch thick. It is contemplated that other suitable metals could be employed, such as aluminum, or sufficiently strong plastics, such as fiber reinforced plastic.
- the intermediate bracket 44 has a lower end with a first receiving surface 120 (best seen in FIGS. 4-5 ). While one receiving surface 120 will be described in detail, it will be apparent that the description applies to an intermediate bracket 44 with more than one downward facing receiving surface that can receive, engage and secure a portion of more than one axle assembly 22 , such as the two illustrated in FIGS. 4-5 .
- the receiving surface 120 is preferably arcuate in shape of a radius that can be divided and distributed between two or more arcuate portions.
- the arcuate receiving surface 120 is of a radius that closely matches the outer periphery of a portion of the wheel end assembly 62 of the axle assembly 22 that it supports.
- the intermediate bracket 44 also has a surface defining at least one scalloped slot 122 that extends from the receiving surface 120 .
- the slot 122 may accept one of the studs 66 .
- multiple slots 122 such as the four shown in FIGS. 4-5 , extend from each receiving surface 120 .
- the slots 122 are arranged to extend substantially parallel to one another so the slots can simultaneously receive respective studs 66 when the receiving surface 120 of intermediate bracket 44 is placed on a wheel end assembly 62 of an axle assembly 22 .
- the arcuate end surface of each slot 122 is not necessarily intended to engage a stud 66 . It will be appreciated that through holes could be used in place of the slots 122 for receiving studs 66 that would also require additional maneuvering of the intermediate bracket 44 and/or axle assembly 22 to properly place the intermediate bracket on and receive the axle assembly.
- the lower receiving surface 120 of the intermediate bracket 44 engages a portion of an axle assembly 22 .
- At least one slot 122 extends from the first receiving surface 120 of the intermediate bracket 44 to accept a stud 66 of the lower axle assembly 22 .
- Wheel nuts 68 are threaded and tightened on the studs 66 against the outer surface of the intermediate bracket 44 to clamp the hub 64 to the inner surface of the intermediate bracket. Clamping the hub 64 to the intermediate bracket secures the intermediate bracket 44 to the axle assembly 22 and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. Clamping the hubs 64 to the intermediate bracket 44 provides a strong, secure and solid structure that can receive at least one other axle assembly 22 .
- the intermediate bracket 44 may include a cover material, such as plastic, rubber or the like, on surfaces defining the receiving surface 120 and slots 122 to cushion and/or protect the hub 64 and studs 66 .
- cover material can prevent or minimize damaging the axle assemblies 22 from being scratched or other contact with the bracket system 40 .
- the intermediate bracket 44 also has three second or upper receiving surfaces 140 (best seen in FIGS. 4-5 ) located at a second end of the intermediate bracket opposite from the lower receiving surfaces 120 . While one receiving surface 140 will be described in detail, it will be apparent that the description applies to an intermediate bracket 44 with more than one upward facing receiving surface, such as the three illustrated in FIGS. 3-5 , that can receive and support more than one axle assembly 22 .
- the receiving surface 140 is preferably arcuate in shape of a radius that can be divided and distributed between two or more arcuate portions.
- the arcuate receiving surface 140 is of a radius that closely matches the outer periphery of a portion of the wheel end assembly 62 of the axle assembly 22 that it supports.
- One of the upper receiving surfaces 140 on the second end of the intermediate bracket 44 engages and supports a portion of at least one second or upper axle assembly 22 in a position above the lower axle assemblies. If a package 20 of four axle assemblies 22 is desired, the outermost pair of the three receiving surfaces 140 are used to receive and support the two axle assemblies. If a package 20 of five total axle assemblies 22 is desired, the central of the three receiving surfaces 140 is used to receive and support the third axle assembly in the secondary level of axle assemblies.
- the intermediate bracket 44 has a surface defining at least one scalloped slot 142 that extends from the receiving surface 140 .
- the slot 142 may accept one of the studs 66 .
- multiple slots 142 such as the four shown in FIGS. 4-5 , extend from each receiving surface 140 .
- the slots 142 are arranged to extend substantially parallel to one another so the slots can simultaneously receive respective studs 66 when the receiving surface 140 of intermediate bracket 44 receives an axle assembly 22 .
- the arcuate end surface of each slot 142 is not necessarily intended to engage a stud 66 , because it is preferred that the receiving surface 140 performs this loadbearing support function. It will be appreciated that through holes could be used in place of the slots 142 for receiving studs 66 and that this would require additional maneuvering of the intermediate bracket 44 and/or axle assembly 22 to properly receive and support the axle assembly.
- the intermediate bracket 44 may include a cover material, such as plastic, rubber or the like, on at least one surface defining the receiving surface 140 and slots 142 to cushion and/or protect the hub 64 and studs 66 .
- cover material can prevent or minimize damaging the axle assemblies 22 from being scratched or other contact with the bracket system 40 .
- the intermediate bracket 44 may accommodate a single axle assembly 22 , but preferably at least a pair of axle assemblies, mounted on the intermediate bracket. It will be apparent that a pair of intermediate brackets 44 are used in the bracket system 40 at opposite ends of each axle assembly 22 .
- Brackets or banding material can be used to connect the brake assemblies 70 of the axle assemblies 22 to one another or to the intermediate bracket 44 to prevent rotation of the brake assemblies during transit or handling.
- the intermediate bracket 44 may include structure (not shown) that can be welded or otherwise attached to the base bracket to engage a portion of the brake assembly 70 and prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly.
- the bracket system 40 may include a rod or “key” that can be inserted into a brake component of the brake assembly 70 to engage structure, such as intermediate bracket 44 or axle assembly 22 , to prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly.
- the brake assembly 70 may be manipulated so at least one friction brake pad engages an associated rotor to prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly.
- axle assembly 22 is placed on a receiving surface 140 of the intermediate bracket 44 , several studs 66 (four in the illustrated aspect) are received in respective slots 142 in the intermediate bracket. Wheel nuts 68 are threaded and tightened on the studs 66 against the outer surface of the intermediate bracket 44 to clamp a portion of the hub 64 to the inner surface of the intermediate bracket. Clamping the hub 64 to the intermediate bracket 44 secures the axle assembly 22 to the intermediate bracket and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. Clamping the hubs 64 to the intermediate bracket 44 secures the axle assembly 22 to the intermediate bracket and creates a strong structure that creates the package 20 of three, four or five axle assemblies that is secure, stable and suitable for shipping. It should be apparent that one, two or three more axle assemblies 22 could be placed on the package 20 of four or five axle assemblies to create a package of five six, seven or eight axle assemblies by using another pair of intermediate brackets 44 .
- the base bracket 42 and intermediate bracket 44 are relatively easy to manufacture.
- the base bracket 42 and intermediate bracket 44 can be formed from plate metal and cut to the desired shape by various cutting means, such as by laser, flame, plasma, or high-pressure fluid.
- the base bracket 42 once cut to a desired shape, can then have its end portions 82 bent to the desired angle A relative to the main body portion 80 .
- the base bracket 42 and intermediate bracket 44 generally then do not require any further processing, other than maybe removing sharp corners that resulted from cutting and maybe painting and/or depositing cover material.
- bracket system 40 constructed according to an aspect of this application, fifty-two axle assemblies 22 can be shipped on the same trailer load as previous shipping systems that were only able to accommodate twenty-six axle assemblies. This essentially doubles the number of axle assemblies that was previously carried on a trailer with wood pallets, wood blocks and steel bands. Further, the brackets 42 and 44 can be recovered, returned and reused, thereby eliminating the waste associated with the wood pallets, wood blocks and steel bands of the previous shipping systems. Thus, the bracket system 40 is economical, eco-friendly, easy to manufacture and lowers the possibility of damage.
- Another aspect of this application is a method of building a package 20 of axle assemblies 22 in a stacked and spaced arrangement with the bracket system 40 .
- the method includes the step of providing a pair of the base brackets 42 that are constructed as described above.
- the base brackets 42 are spaced apart with their end portions 82 facing in a direction opposite or away from one another.
- a first axle assembly 22 is placed on the pair of base brackets 42 so a portion of the hub of the first axle assembly engages the receiving surface 100 of the main body portion 80 of a respective one of the base brackets.
- Four studs 66 on each hub 64 are concurrently received in slots 102 .
- Wheel nuts 68 are then threaded onto at least one, and preferably two or more, such as at least the laterally outermost studs 66 that are received in the slots 102 . It will be appreciated that three or four wheel nuts 68 may be threaded onto respective studs 66 that are also received in the slots 102 . The more of wheel nuts 68 being used will tend to provide a stronger clamping force and a more stable package 20 .
- the wheel nuts 68 are threaded and tightened to a desired torque against the outer surface of the base bracket 42 so a portion of the hub 64 is drawn against the inner surface of the base bracket. This clamps the hub 64 , and thus one end of the axle assembly 22 , to the inner surface of one of the base brackets 42 . Clamping the hubs 64 to the base brackets 42 secures the axle assembly 22 to the base brackets and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. Clamping the hubs 64 to the base brackets 42 provides a structure that serves as a foundation for the package 20 that is strong, sturdy, secure, stable and suitable for shipping.
- This procedure may then be followed for another lower or first level axle assembly 22 .
- the other axle assembly 22 is placed on the pair of base brackets 42 so a portion of the hub of the other first axle assembly engages another receiving surface 100 of the main body portion 80 of a respective one of the base brackets.
- Four studs 66 on each hub 64 are concurrently received in slots 102 .
- Wheel nuts 68 are then tightened onto studs 66 to clamp portions of each hub 64 to a respective base bracket 42 .
- the method also includes providing a pair of intermediate brackets 44 that are constructed as described above.
- Each intermediate bracket 44 is placed on respective end portions of the pair of the lower or first level axle assemblies 22 from above so the portions of the axle assemblies engage a respective receiving surface 120 of the intermediate brackets.
- Four studs 66 on each end of the axle assemblies 22 are concurrently received in respective slots 122 of the intermediate bracket 44 .
- Wheel nuts 68 are then threaded onto at least one, and preferably two, of the laterally outermost studs 66 that are received in the slots 102 .
- Wheel nuts 68 are tightened against the outer surface of the intermediate bracket 44 so the hub is drawn against the inner surface of the intermediate bracket.
- three or four wheel nuts 68 may be threaded onto respective studs 66 that are also received in the slots 102 . This clamps each of the hubs 64 , and thus one end of the axle assemblies 22 , to the respective inner surfaces of the intermediate bracket 44 . Clamping the hubs 64 of the lower axle assemblies 22 to the intermediate brackets 44 secures the axle assemblies to the intermediate bracket and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions.
- At least one other, upper or second level axle assembly 22 is placed on the intermediate brackets 44 so a hub 64 on each end portion of the second axle assembly engages and is supported by the second receiving surfaces 140 of the intermediate bracket. If only one second level axle assembly 22 is to be packaged and shipped, the center receiving surface 140 of the intermediate bracket is used. If two axle assemblies 22 are to be packaged, the two outer receiving surfaces 140 are used. If three axle assemblies 22 are to be packaged, then all three of the receiving surfaces 140 are used. Four other studs 66 on each hub 64 of the second axle assembly are received in respective slots 122 of the intermediate bracket 44 .
- Wheel nuts 68 are threaded onto at least one, and preferably two, of the laterally outermost studs 66 of each hub 64 of the second level axle assemblies 22 that are received in the slots 102 . It will be appreciated that three or four wheel nuts 68 may be threaded onto respective studs 66 that are also received in the slots 102 .
- Wheel nuts 68 are tightened against the outer surfaces of the intermediate brackets 44 so the hubs 64 are drawn against the inner surfaces of the intermediate brackets. This clamps the hubs 64 , and thus both ends of the second level axle assembly 22 to the inner surface of the intermediate brackets 44 . Clamping the hubs 64 to the intermediate brackets 44 secures the upper or second level axle assembly 22 to the intermediate brackets and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. Clamping the hubs 64 to the intermediate brackets 44 provides the package 20 of at least three axle assemblies 22 that is stable and suitable for shipping without requiring steel band material to secure any of the axle assemblies to brackets 42 , 44 of the package 20 . If two or three additional upper or second level axle assemblies 22 are desired to be packaged and shipped in the bracket system 40 , these same steps for each second level axle assembly are used to secure the additional axle assemblies to the intermediate bracket 44 in the appropriate other receiving surfaces 140 .
- axle assemblies 22 could be placed on the package 20 of four or five axle assemblies to create a package of five six, seven or eight axle assemblies by using another pair of intermediate brackets 44 according to steps of this method. Accordingly, the improved bracket system 40 and method of shipping a package 20 of axle assemblies 22 are simple and effective and overcome disadvantages of operating previously known ways to ship.
- bracket system may be altered or rearranged, or certain components modified, omitted or added, without affecting the overall concept or operation of the subject matter.
- location and arrangement of components may be adjusted based on specific design requirements.
- subject matter of this application finds use in types of axle assemblies for heavy-duty vehicles, other than those shown and described herein, without affecting the concept or operation of the disclosed subject matter.
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Abstract
Description
- This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/372,420 filed Aug. 9, 2016.
- This application generally relates to structure for arranging, packaging and shipping axle assemblies that are used in heavy-duty vehicles. Particularly, this application relates to a bracket configuration and method for arranging, packaging and shipping multiple axle assemblies in a stacked and spaced relationship.
- It is known to ship vehicle parts, such as heavy-duty vehicle axle assemblies from an axle assembly fabrication plant to a heavy-duty vehicle assembly plant by truck or tractor and trailer. One such heavy-duty vehicle axle assembly is of the non-integrated axle type. That is, the axle assembly does not necessarily include suspension components. The axle assembly typically includes wheel end assemblies with or without brake systems. The axle assemblies are typically large, heavy and difficult to handle and package for shipping. The axle assemblies are subject to damage if they contact one another during packaging and/or transport or if they contact other structure associated with shipping.
- The cost of shipping over-the-road, usually by tractor and trailer, is affected by the number of axle assemblies that can be shipped on a typical trailer. Typically, the axle assemblies were shipped in a package of two using a first wood pallet, wood blocks and steel strapping that are relatively expensive and discarded to cause an unrecoverable cost of shipping.
- It is possible to stack a second wood pallet on the first wood pallet package. This requires even more wood blocks to space and support the second wood pallet relative to the first wood pallet since the second wood pallet would not be stable if resting on axle assemblies on the first pallet. Even more steel strapping secures the pallets together. The wood pallets, wood blocks and steel strapping are typically discarded after a single shipment. This known packaging and shipping method generally allows a maximum of twenty-six axle assemblies to be shipped in a single trailer load.
- Thus, it would be desirable to provide a way to ship more axle assemblies in a single trailer load; eliminate the use of shipping materials that are discarded; be able to recover and reuse structures that support, arrange, package and ship the axle assemblies in a manner that prevents or minimizes the possibility of damage by contact with other axle assemblies or other structure; and provide a structure that is relatively easy to manufacture.
- A summary is provided to introduce concepts in a form that are described below. This summary is not intended to identify key factors or essential features of the subject matter of this application, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the subject matter or the appended claims.
- One aspect of this application is a system for packaging axle assemblies in a stacked and spaced arrangement. Each axle assembly has a pair of wheel end assemblies and a pair of brake assemblies mounted at opposite ends of an axle. Each wheel end assembly includes a hub with studs extending from the hub.
- The system includes a base bracket with a main body portion. The main body portion has a receiving surface to engage and support a portion of a first axle assembly, such as a lower portion of the first axle assembly. The main body portion has at least one slot extending from the receiving surface to accept one of the studs. The main body portion also has at least one end portion extending transversely from the main body portion to stand the base bracket upright and stabilize the base bracket on a support surface. The end portion extends a distance at least equal to a distance that the hub and studs extend from the main body portion to protect the hub and studs from damage by contact with truck/trailer structure, other structure when being moved or material handling equipment.
- The system also includes an intermediate bracket with a first receiving surface located at a lower or first end of the intermediate bracket. The first receiving surface of the intermediate bracket receives and engages another portion of the first axle assembly, such as an upper portion of the first axle assembly. At least one slot extends from the first receiving surface of the intermediate bracket to accept another stud of the first axle assembly. A second receiving surface is located at an upper or opposite second end of the intermediate bracket. The second receiving surface engages and supports a portion of a second axle assembly, such as a lower portion of the second axle assembly, in a position above the first axle assembly. At least one slot extends from the second receiving surface to accept a stud of the second axle assembly.
- Two end portions extend in the same direction transversely from the main body portion. At least one of the end portions extends a distance at least equal to a distance that the hub and studs extend from the main body portion. Another receiving surface on the base bracket receives a portion of another axle assembly. Another receiving surface on the intermediate bracket receives a portion of the other axle assembly.
- Another base bracket receives and supports a second end portion of the first axle assembly. Another intermediate bracket receives and secures a second end portion of the first axle assembly. The receiving surface has at least one arcuate surface. Structure is provided for at least one brake assembly to engage and inhibit rotation of the brake assembly.
- A cover material is on at least one of the receiving surface and slot of at least one of the base bracket and intermediate bracket to protect components of the axle assembly. More than one stud slot extends from the receiving surface of at least one of the base bracket and intermediate bracket. A fastener is threaded onto the stud to clamp and secure an axle assembly to a bracket and inhibit relative movement in all directions between the bracket and the wheel end assembly.
- Another aspect of this application is a method of packaging axle assemblies in a stacked and spaced arrangement. The method includes providing a base bracket according to the structure described above. A first axle assembly is placed in the base bracket so a portion of the first axle engages a receiving surface of the main body portion and a stud is received in a slot.
- The method also includes providing an intermediate bracket according to the structure described above. The intermediate bracket is placed on the first axle assembly so a portion of a first axle engages a downward facing receiving surface of the intermediate bracket and another stud of the first axle assembly is received in a slot extending from the downward facing receiving surface. Then a second axle assembly is placed on the intermediate bracket so a portion of the second axle engages and is supported by an upward facing second receiving surface of the intermediate bracket and a stud is received in a slot extending from the upward facing receiving surface. Fasteners, such as wheel nuts, are threaded onto studs extending from the brackets to provide a structure or package suitable for shipping.
- The following description and drawings set forth certain illustrative aspects and implementations for the subject matter of this application. These are indicative of but a few of the various ways in which one or more aspects and/or implementations may be employed. Further features of the subject matter of this application will become apparent from reading the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
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FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a package of axle assemblies using a bracket system and method, according to aspects of this application; -
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the package of axle assemblies and the bracket system illustrated inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is an enlarged elevational view of the package of axle assemblies and the bracket system illustrated inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a portion the bracket system illustrated inFIGS. 1-3 ; -
FIG. 5 is a front elevational view of a portion of the bracket system illustrated inFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the bracket system illustrated inFIG. 5 , taken approximately along line 6-6 ofFIG. 5 ; and -
FIG. 7 is a top plan view of the bracket system illustrated inFIG. 5 , taken approximately along line 7-7 ofFIG. 5 . - The subject matter of this application is described with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements. In the description, for purposes of explanation, specific details are set forth in order to provide an understanding of the subject matter. It will be understood, however, that the subject matter may be practiced without these specific details.
- A
package 20 of fouraxle assemblies 22, according to an aspect of this application, is illustrated inFIGS. 1-3 . Thepackage 20 of fouraxle assemblies 22 is intended to be shipped by suitable transport means, such as a trailer pulled by a tractor. By way of example, arepresentative axle assembly 22 may be a TRLAXLE® trailer axle assembly available from Hendrickson Trailer Commercial Vehicle Systems in Canton, Ohio. A reusable bracket system 40 (best seen inFIGS. 4-5 ) forms thepackage 20 of fouraxle assemblies 22, as illustrated inFIGS. 1-3 . Thebracket system 40 receives and supports theaxle assemblies 22 in a stacked and spaced arrangement suitable for handling and shipping. - The
package 20 of fouraxle assemblies 22 is supported by thebracket system 40, constructed according to one aspect. Each of a pair ofbracket systems 40 are used on respective opposite ends of theaxle assemblies 22. The description for one side of thepackage 20 ofaxle assemblies 22 and thebracket system 40, such as that shown inFIG. 3 , will also apply to the opposite side. - The lowermost pair of
axle assemblies 22 in thepackage 20, as shown in the drawings, is supported on a pair of lower, bottom orbase brackets 42 at opposite end portions of the axle assemblies. Thebase brackets 42 are intended to receive, support and secure the lowermost pair ofaxle assemblies 22 in a spaced relationship with one another and above or off of a support surface, such as a floor or a trailer bed. The base brackets receive and support a lower portion of each end of therespective axle assemblies 22. A pair ofintermediate brackets 44 receives and engages an upper portion of each end of therespective axle assemblies 22. The uppermost pair or secondary level ofaxle assemblies 22 of thepackage 20 is supported from below and spaced from each other and the lowermost axle assemblies by the pair ofintermediate brackets 44. - Each
axle assembly 22 includes an axle 60 (FIGS. 1-2 ). Eachaxle assembly 22 also has a pair ofwheel end assemblies 62 mounted at opposite end portions of theaxle 60. Eachwheel end assembly 62 includes ahub 64 with a plurality ofstuds 66 arranged in a circular array extending in an outward direction from the hub. Eachhub 64 is shown with ten (10) interferencefit studs 66 extending through the hub, but it will be apparent that any suitable number of studs may be employed. Thehub 64 andstuds 66 are intended to operatively mount a tire and wheel assembly (not shown) to theaxle assembly 22, as is known. Suitable fasteners, such aswheel nuts 68 are provided to be threaded ontorespective studs 66 to secure and clamp theaxle assemblies 22 to thebase bracket 42 and to theintermediate bracket 44 of thebracket system 40. This securement creates a structurally strong andstable package 20 suitable for shipping with theaxle assemblies 22 securely stacked and spaced apart. - Each
axle assembly 22 may include a pair ofbrake assemblies 70 mounted on opposite end portions of theaxle 60 on respectivewheel end assemblies 62. Thebrake assemblies 70 may be of any suitable brake system, for example a drum brake system or an air disc brake system, such as that shown. Components of thebrake assemblies 70 can be damaged with improper handling, packaging and/or shipping. - The
base bracket 42 of thebracket system 40 has a central or main body portion 80 (FIGS. 4-6 ) with a lower or bottom surface that provides contact with a supporting foundation, such as a floor or a bed of a truck or trailer. Thebase bracket 42 also may include a pair ofopposite end portions 82 extending transversely from themain body portion 80. Theend portions 82 are preferably formed integrally with themain body portion 80 by bending a cut steel plate. Thebase bracket 42 is preferably made from a suitable metal, such as ASTM Grade 50 steel plate about ⅜ inch thick. It is contemplated that other suitable metals could be employed, such as aluminum, or sufficiently strong plastics, such as fiber reinforced plastic. - The
end portions 82 stabilize thebase bracket 42 on a support surface, such as a floor or a bed of a truck or trailer. Eachopposite end portion 82 extends transversely from themain body portion 80 at a suitable angle A as viewed inFIG. 7 , such as about 15°. At least one of theend portions 82 extends a distance D (FIGS. 6-7 ) away from themain body portion 80 that is at least equal to, and preferably more than, a distance that thehub 64 and/orstuds 66 extend from the main body portion when thepackage 20 is formed. This distance D that theend portions 82 extend from themain body portion 80 protects thehub 64 andstuds 66 from damage by contact with a truck/trailer body, such as a sidewall extending upwardly from a bed, contact with structure or equipment that thepackage 20 would be moved past or contacted by unintentional material handling equipment, such as a forklift. - Each
base bracket 42 has an upper receiving surface 100 (best seen inFIGS. 4-5 ) to engage and support a portion of one of the lowermost pair or at least a first one of theaxle assemblies 22. While one receivingsurface 100 will be described in detail, it will be apparent that the description equally applies to abase bracket 42 with more than one receiving surface that can receive, support and secure more than oneaxle assembly 22, such as the two receiving surfaces illustrated inFIGS. 4-5 . The receivingsurface 100 is preferably arcuate in shape that can be divided and distributed between two or more arcuate portions. Thearcuate receiving surface 100 is of a radius that closely matches the outer periphery of a portion of thewheel end assembly 62 of theaxle assembly 22 that it supports. - The
base bracket 42 also has a surface defining at least onescalloped slot 102 that extends from the receivingsurface 100. Theslot 102 may accept one of thestuds 66. Preferably,multiple slots 102, such as the four shown inFIGS. 4-5 , extend from each receivingsurface 100. Theslots 102 are arranged to extend substantially parallel to one another so the slots can simultaneously receiverespective studs 66 when anaxle assembly 22 is lowered onto the receivingsurface 100 of thebase bracket 42. The arcuate end surface of eachslot 102 is not necessarily intended to engage astud 66 and support a portion of the weight of anaxle assembly 22, because it is preferred that the receivingsurface 100 performs this support and the loadbearing function. It will be appreciated that through holes or openings could be used in place of theslots 102 for receivingstuds 66 and that this design choice would require additional maneuvering of thebase bracket 42 and/oraxle assembly 22 to place and properly support the axle assembly in the base bracket. - The
base bracket 42 has a lower surface, as viewed in the drawings, on themain body portion 80 and inportions 82 that is adapted to rest on a support surface, such as a floor or bed or depth of a truck or trailer. The lower surface of thebase bracket 42 may have a surface defining an elevated orrelief portion 104 that serves to allow manual manipulation of the base bracket to move it or for access by material handling equipment, such as a forklift. The lower surface of thebase bracket 42 may have more than onerelief portion 104. The upper surface of thebase bracket 42 also has anupper relief portion 106 that augments manual manipulation to move the base bracket or for access by material handling equipment. - When a
wheel end assembly 62 of anaxle assembly 22 is placed on a receivingsurface 100 of thebase bracket 42, at least one or more (four in the illustrated aspect) of thestuds 66 may be received inrespective slots 102 in the base bracket.Wheel nuts 68 are then threaded and tightened on thestuds 66 against the outer surface of thebase bracket 42 to clamp a portion of thehub 64 to the inner surface of the base bracket. Clamping thehubs 64 to the base bracket secures theaxle assembly 22 to thebase bracket 42 and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. Clamping thehub 64 to thebase bracket 42, thus, creates a structure that serves as a foundation for thepackage 20 that is strong, stable and suitable for shipping. - The
base bracket 42 may accommodate asingle axle assembly 22, but preferably a pair of axle assemblies are mounted on the base bracket. It will be apparent that a pair ofbase brackets 42 are used in thebracket system 40 at opposite ends of the axle assembly orassemblies 22. Thebase bracket 42 may include a cover material, such as plastic, rubber or the like, on at least one surface defining the receivingsurface 100 and/orslots 102 and/or even the major side surfaces of the base bracket. This cover material can act as a cushion to prevent or minimize damaging theaxle assemblies 22 from being scratched or other contact with thebracket system 40. - Straps or banding material may be used to connect at least a portion each of the
brake assemblies 70 to one another, to one of theaxles 60 or to thebase bracket 42 to prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assemblies and potential damage during transit or handling. Thebase bracket 42 may include structure (not shown) that can be welded or otherwise attached to the base bracket to engage a portion of thebrake assembly 70 and prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly. Optionally, thebracket system 40 may include a rod or “key” that can be inserted into a brake component of thebrake assembly 70 to engage structure, such as thebase bracket 42 oraxle assembly 22, to prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly. Alternatively, thebrake assembly 70 may be manipulated so at least one friction brake pad engages an associated rotor to prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly. - The
bracket system 40 also includes the second, upper orintermediate bracket 44. Theintermediate bracket 44 is preferably made from a suitable metal, such as ASTM Grade 50 steel plate about ⅜ inch thick. It is contemplated that other suitable metals could be employed, such as aluminum, or sufficiently strong plastics, such as fiber reinforced plastic. Theintermediate bracket 44 has a lower end with a first receiving surface 120 (best seen inFIGS. 4-5 ). While one receivingsurface 120 will be described in detail, it will be apparent that the description applies to anintermediate bracket 44 with more than one downward facing receiving surface that can receive, engage and secure a portion of more than oneaxle assembly 22, such as the two illustrated inFIGS. 4-5 . The receivingsurface 120 is preferably arcuate in shape of a radius that can be divided and distributed between two or more arcuate portions. Thearcuate receiving surface 120 is of a radius that closely matches the outer periphery of a portion of thewheel end assembly 62 of theaxle assembly 22 that it supports. - The
intermediate bracket 44 also has a surface defining at least onescalloped slot 122 that extends from the receivingsurface 120. Theslot 122 may accept one of thestuds 66. Preferably,multiple slots 122, such as the four shown inFIGS. 4-5 , extend from each receivingsurface 120. Theslots 122 are arranged to extend substantially parallel to one another so the slots can simultaneously receiverespective studs 66 when the receivingsurface 120 ofintermediate bracket 44 is placed on awheel end assembly 62 of anaxle assembly 22. The arcuate end surface of eachslot 122 is not necessarily intended to engage astud 66. It will be appreciated that through holes could be used in place of theslots 122 for receivingstuds 66 that would also require additional maneuvering of theintermediate bracket 44 and/oraxle assembly 22 to properly place the intermediate bracket on and receive the axle assembly. - The
lower receiving surface 120 of theintermediate bracket 44 engages a portion of anaxle assembly 22. At least oneslot 122 extends from thefirst receiving surface 120 of theintermediate bracket 44 to accept astud 66 of thelower axle assembly 22. Once theintermediate bracket 44 is placed on theaxle assembly 22, at least one (four in the illustrated aspect) of thestuds 66 is received inrespective slots 122 in the intermediate bracket.Wheel nuts 68 are threaded and tightened on thestuds 66 against the outer surface of theintermediate bracket 44 to clamp thehub 64 to the inner surface of the intermediate bracket. Clamping thehub 64 to the intermediate bracket secures theintermediate bracket 44 to the theaxle assembly 22 and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. Clamping thehubs 64 to theintermediate bracket 44 provides a strong, secure and solid structure that can receive at least oneother axle assembly 22. - The
intermediate bracket 44 may include a cover material, such as plastic, rubber or the like, on surfaces defining the receivingsurface 120 andslots 122 to cushion and/or protect thehub 64 andstuds 66. Such cover material can prevent or minimize damaging theaxle assemblies 22 from being scratched or other contact with thebracket system 40. - The
intermediate bracket 44 also has three second or upper receiving surfaces 140 (best seen inFIGS. 4-5 ) located at a second end of the intermediate bracket opposite from the lower receiving surfaces 120. While one receivingsurface 140 will be described in detail, it will be apparent that the description applies to anintermediate bracket 44 with more than one upward facing receiving surface, such as the three illustrated inFIGS. 3-5 , that can receive and support more than oneaxle assembly 22. The receivingsurface 140 is preferably arcuate in shape of a radius that can be divided and distributed between two or more arcuate portions. Thearcuate receiving surface 140 is of a radius that closely matches the outer periphery of a portion of thewheel end assembly 62 of theaxle assembly 22 that it supports. - One of the upper receiving surfaces 140 on the second end of the
intermediate bracket 44 engages and supports a portion of at least one second orupper axle assembly 22 in a position above the lower axle assemblies. If apackage 20 of fouraxle assemblies 22 is desired, the outermost pair of the three receivingsurfaces 140 are used to receive and support the two axle assemblies. If apackage 20 of fivetotal axle assemblies 22 is desired, the central of the three receivingsurfaces 140 is used to receive and support the third axle assembly in the secondary level of axle assemblies. - The
intermediate bracket 44 has a surface defining at least onescalloped slot 142 that extends from the receivingsurface 140. Theslot 142 may accept one of thestuds 66. Preferably,multiple slots 142, such as the four shown inFIGS. 4-5 , extend from each receivingsurface 140. Theslots 142 are arranged to extend substantially parallel to one another so the slots can simultaneously receiverespective studs 66 when the receivingsurface 140 ofintermediate bracket 44 receives anaxle assembly 22. The arcuate end surface of eachslot 142 is not necessarily intended to engage astud 66, because it is preferred that the receivingsurface 140 performs this loadbearing support function. It will be appreciated that through holes could be used in place of theslots 142 for receivingstuds 66 and that this would require additional maneuvering of theintermediate bracket 44 and/oraxle assembly 22 to properly receive and support the axle assembly. - The
intermediate bracket 44 may include a cover material, such as plastic, rubber or the like, on at least one surface defining the receivingsurface 140 andslots 142 to cushion and/or protect thehub 64 andstuds 66. Such cover material can prevent or minimize damaging theaxle assemblies 22 from being scratched or other contact with thebracket system 40. - The
intermediate bracket 44 may accommodate asingle axle assembly 22, but preferably at least a pair of axle assemblies, mounted on the intermediate bracket. It will be apparent that a pair ofintermediate brackets 44 are used in thebracket system 40 at opposite ends of eachaxle assembly 22. - Straps or banding material can be used to connect the
brake assemblies 70 of theaxle assemblies 22 to one another or to theintermediate bracket 44 to prevent rotation of the brake assemblies during transit or handling. Theintermediate bracket 44 may include structure (not shown) that can be welded or otherwise attached to the base bracket to engage a portion of thebrake assembly 70 and prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly. Optionally, thebracket system 40 may include a rod or “key” that can be inserted into a brake component of thebrake assembly 70 to engage structure, such asintermediate bracket 44 oraxle assembly 22, to prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly. Alternatively, thebrake assembly 70 may be manipulated so at least one friction brake pad engages an associated rotor to prevent or minimize relative rotation of the brake assembly. - Once an
axle assembly 22 is placed on a receivingsurface 140 of theintermediate bracket 44, several studs 66 (four in the illustrated aspect) are received inrespective slots 142 in the intermediate bracket.Wheel nuts 68 are threaded and tightened on thestuds 66 against the outer surface of theintermediate bracket 44 to clamp a portion of thehub 64 to the inner surface of the intermediate bracket. Clamping thehub 64 to theintermediate bracket 44 secures theaxle assembly 22 to the intermediate bracket and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. Clamping thehubs 64 to theintermediate bracket 44 secures theaxle assembly 22 to the intermediate bracket and creates a strong structure that creates thepackage 20 of three, four or five axle assemblies that is secure, stable and suitable for shipping. It should be apparent that one, two or threemore axle assemblies 22 could be placed on thepackage 20 of four or five axle assemblies to create a package of five six, seven or eight axle assemblies by using another pair ofintermediate brackets 44. - The
base bracket 42 andintermediate bracket 44 are relatively easy to manufacture. For example, thebase bracket 42 andintermediate bracket 44 can be formed from plate metal and cut to the desired shape by various cutting means, such as by laser, flame, plasma, or high-pressure fluid. Thebase bracket 42, once cut to a desired shape, can then have itsend portions 82 bent to the desired angle A relative to themain body portion 80. Thebase bracket 42 andintermediate bracket 44 generally then do not require any further processing, other than maybe removing sharp corners that resulted from cutting and maybe painting and/or depositing cover material. - It has been found that by employing the
reusable bracket system 40 constructed according to an aspect of this application, fifty-twoaxle assemblies 22 can be shipped on the same trailer load as previous shipping systems that were only able to accommodate twenty-six axle assemblies. This essentially doubles the number of axle assemblies that was previously carried on a trailer with wood pallets, wood blocks and steel bands. Further, thebrackets bracket system 40 is economical, eco-friendly, easy to manufacture and lowers the possibility of damage. - Another aspect of this application is a method of building a
package 20 ofaxle assemblies 22 in a stacked and spaced arrangement with thebracket system 40. The method includes the step of providing a pair of thebase brackets 42 that are constructed as described above. Thebase brackets 42 are spaced apart with theirend portions 82 facing in a direction opposite or away from one another. Afirst axle assembly 22 is placed on the pair ofbase brackets 42 so a portion of the hub of the first axle assembly engages the receivingsurface 100 of themain body portion 80 of a respective one of the base brackets. Fourstuds 66 on eachhub 64 are concurrently received inslots 102.Wheel nuts 68 are then threaded onto at least one, and preferably two or more, such as at least the laterallyoutermost studs 66 that are received in theslots 102. It will be appreciated that three or fourwheel nuts 68 may be threaded ontorespective studs 66 that are also received in theslots 102. The more ofwheel nuts 68 being used will tend to provide a stronger clamping force and a morestable package 20. - The
wheel nuts 68 are threaded and tightened to a desired torque against the outer surface of thebase bracket 42 so a portion of thehub 64 is drawn against the inner surface of the base bracket. This clamps thehub 64, and thus one end of theaxle assembly 22, to the inner surface of one of thebase brackets 42. Clamping thehubs 64 to thebase brackets 42 secures theaxle assembly 22 to the base brackets and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. Clamping thehubs 64 to thebase brackets 42 provides a structure that serves as a foundation for thepackage 20 that is strong, sturdy, secure, stable and suitable for shipping. - This procedure may then be followed for another lower or first
level axle assembly 22. Theother axle assembly 22 is placed on the pair ofbase brackets 42 so a portion of the hub of the other first axle assembly engages another receivingsurface 100 of themain body portion 80 of a respective one of the base brackets. Fourstuds 66 on eachhub 64 are concurrently received inslots 102.Wheel nuts 68 are then tightened ontostuds 66 to clamp portions of eachhub 64 to arespective base bracket 42. - The method also includes providing a pair of
intermediate brackets 44 that are constructed as described above. Eachintermediate bracket 44 is placed on respective end portions of the pair of the lower or firstlevel axle assemblies 22 from above so the portions of the axle assemblies engage arespective receiving surface 120 of the intermediate brackets. Fourstuds 66 on each end of theaxle assemblies 22 are concurrently received inrespective slots 122 of theintermediate bracket 44.Wheel nuts 68 are then threaded onto at least one, and preferably two, of the laterallyoutermost studs 66 that are received in theslots 102.Wheel nuts 68 are tightened against the outer surface of theintermediate bracket 44 so the hub is drawn against the inner surface of the intermediate bracket. It will be appreciated that three or fourwheel nuts 68 may be threaded ontorespective studs 66 that are also received in theslots 102. This clamps each of thehubs 64, and thus one end of theaxle assemblies 22, to the respective inner surfaces of theintermediate bracket 44. Clamping thehubs 64 of thelower axle assemblies 22 to theintermediate brackets 44 secures the axle assemblies to the intermediate bracket and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. - Then at least one other, upper or second
level axle assembly 22 is placed on theintermediate brackets 44 so ahub 64 on each end portion of the second axle assembly engages and is supported by the second receiving surfaces 140 of the intermediate bracket. If only one secondlevel axle assembly 22 is to be packaged and shipped, thecenter receiving surface 140 of the intermediate bracket is used. If twoaxle assemblies 22 are to be packaged, the two outer receiving surfaces 140 are used. If threeaxle assemblies 22 are to be packaged, then all three of the receivingsurfaces 140 are used. Fourother studs 66 on eachhub 64 of the second axle assembly are received inrespective slots 122 of theintermediate bracket 44.Wheel nuts 68 are threaded onto at least one, and preferably two, of the laterallyoutermost studs 66 of eachhub 64 of the secondlevel axle assemblies 22 that are received in theslots 102. It will be appreciated that three or fourwheel nuts 68 may be threaded ontorespective studs 66 that are also received in theslots 102. -
Wheel nuts 68 are tightened against the outer surfaces of theintermediate brackets 44 so thehubs 64 are drawn against the inner surfaces of the intermediate brackets. This clamps thehubs 64, and thus both ends of the secondlevel axle assembly 22 to the inner surface of theintermediate brackets 44. Clamping thehubs 64 to theintermediate brackets 44 secures the upper or secondlevel axle assembly 22 to the intermediate brackets and minimizes or prevents relative movement in all directions. Clamping thehubs 64 to theintermediate brackets 44 provides thepackage 20 of at least threeaxle assemblies 22 that is stable and suitable for shipping without requiring steel band material to secure any of the axle assemblies tobrackets package 20. If two or three additional upper or secondlevel axle assemblies 22 are desired to be packaged and shipped in thebracket system 40, these same steps for each second level axle assembly are used to secure the additional axle assemblies to theintermediate bracket 44 in the appropriate other receiving surfaces 140. - It should be apparent that one, two or three
more axle assemblies 22 could be placed on thepackage 20 of four or five axle assemblies to create a package of five six, seven or eight axle assemblies by using another pair ofintermediate brackets 44 according to steps of this method. Accordingly, theimproved bracket system 40 and method of shipping apackage 20 ofaxle assemblies 22 are simple and effective and overcome disadvantages of operating previously known ways to ship. - The subject matter of this application has been described and illustrated with reference to at least one specific aspect. It is understood that the description and illustration are by way of example and not by way of limitation. From the above description and illustration, those skilled in the art will perceive improvements, changes and modifications. Such improvements, changes and modifications are intended to be covered by the subject matter of this application.
- It is to be understood that the structure of the above-described bracket system may be altered or rearranged, or certain components modified, omitted or added, without affecting the overall concept or operation of the subject matter. For example, the location and arrangement of components may be adjusted based on specific design requirements. It is to be further understood that the subject matter of this application finds use in types of axle assemblies for heavy-duty vehicles, other than those shown and described herein, without affecting the concept or operation of the disclosed subject matter.
- Certain terminology is used herein for purposes of reference only, and thus is not intended to be limiting. Such terminology may include the words specifically mentioned, derivatives thereof, and words of similar import. Similarly, the terms “upper”, “lower”, “first”, “second” and other positional or numerical terms referring to structures do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context.
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/666,723 US20180044101A1 (en) | 2016-08-09 | 2017-08-02 | Bracket system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201662372420P | 2016-08-09 | 2016-08-09 | |
US15/666,723 US20180044101A1 (en) | 2016-08-09 | 2017-08-02 | Bracket system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20180044101A1 true US20180044101A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
Family
ID=59593216
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/666,723 Abandoned US20180044101A1 (en) | 2016-08-09 | 2017-08-02 | Bracket system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20180044101A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3033229A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2019000457A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018031336A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
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CA3033229A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
MX2019000457A (en) | 2019-05-20 |
WO2018031336A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
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