US20170302472A1

US20170302472A1 - Bus architecture and access method for plastic waveguide

Info

Publication number: US20170302472A1
Application number: US15/635,851
Authority: US
Inventors: David Levy; Dirk Hammerschmidt; Harald Witschnig
Original assignee: Infineon Technologies AG
Current assignee: Infineon Technologies AG
Priority date: 2014-04-24
Filing date: 2017-06-28
Publication date: 2017-10-19
Also published as: US20150312053A1; DE102015106275A1; US9712339B2

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a system that uses a switch to convey wireless signals between a plurality of electronic devices interconnected by dielectric waveguides. In some embodiments, the system includes a plurality of electronic devices respectively having a transceiver element that generates a wireless signal that transmits a data packet. A switch receives the wireless signal from a first one of the plurality of electronic devices and re-transmits the wireless signal to a second one of the plurality of electronic devices. A plurality of dielectric waveguides convey the wireless signal between the plurality of electronic devices and the switch. Respective dielectric waveguides have a dielectric material disposed at a location between one of the plurality of electronic devices and the switch. Using the switch to convey wireless signals between the plurality of electronic devices provides a system that has a low wireless signal attenuation and reduced number of transceivers.

Description

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/260,339 filed on Apr. 24, 2014, the contents of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND

Modern day electronic systems (e.g., mobile phones, automobiles, etc.) often provide for a wide range of functionalities. Such functionalities can be achieved by integrating together a large number of separate electronic devices, which are respectively configured to perform specific functions. During operation, the separate electronic devices communicate with each other by transferring data. For example, modern day automobiles may comprise many different sensors (e.g., a digital camera able to capture digital images, a pressure sensor able to detect a pressure, etc.) that transfer data to one or more micro-processors, which that process the sensor data before further transferring the processed data to a display configured to display an image to a driver.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of some embodiments of a system having a switch configured to transfer data between a plurality of electronic devices by way of dielectric waveguides.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of some additional embodiments of a system having a switch configured to transfer data between a plurality of electronic devices by way of dielectric waveguides.

FIG. 3A is a block diagram of some embodiments of a system having a switch comprising a token ring generation element configured to implement a token ring control system that prevents collisions between data packets at the switch.

FIG. 3B is a timing diagram showing operation of the token ring control system of FIG. 3A.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of some embodiments of a system having a plurality of switches configured to enable communication between electronic devices.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of some alternative embodiments of a system having a switch configured to enable communication between electronic devices.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of some alternative embodiments of a system having a switch configured to enable communication between electronic devices.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of an exemplary method of transferring data between a plurality of electronic devices by way of dielectric waveguides.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The claimed subject matter is now described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the claimed subject matter. It may be evident, however, that the claimed subject matter may be practiced without these specific details.
Metal interconnect wires (e.g., copper wires) are often used to provide data connections between different electronic devices. In complex systems having a large number of electronic devices, metal interconnect wires may extend between each pair of electronic devices (i.e., in a system where n electronic communicate with each other, this results in n/2*n−1 interconnection paths). However, metal wire interconnects provide for a limited data transfer bandwidth. Therefore, as data rates continue to grow, a larger number of metal wire interconnects (e.g., 30 or 40 metal wire interconnects) may be used to provide for sufficient data transfer bandwidth between each pair of electronic devices. In complex systems, the number of interconnect wires may become very large, resulting in negative consequences including a large weight, a large expense, and a complex layout that has a high risk of failure and high risk of cross-talk between metal wire interconnects.
To eliminate these problems, short range wireless communication has been proposed as an alternative solution to transfer data between electronic devices. Short wave wireless communication transfers data using wireless signals (e.g., RF signals) that provide for a larger bandwidth than conventional metal wire interconnects. However, short range wireless communications exhibit large data losses over a few centimeter distance due to attenuation of the wireless signal in free space. The attenuation of wireless signals makes wireless data transmission through free space an unviable option for data transmission over a distance of a few centimeters.
Accordingly, the present disclosure relates to a simple system that uses a switch to convey wireless signals between a plurality of electronic devices interconnected by dielectric waveguides. In some embodiments, the system comprises a plurality of electronic devices respectively comprising a transceiver element configured to generate a wireless signal that transmits a data packet. A switch is configured to receive the wireless signal from a first one of the plurality of electronic devices and to re-transmit the wireless signal to a second one of the plurality of electronic devices. A plurality of dielectric waveguides are configured to convey the wireless signal between the plurality of electronic devices and the switch. Respective dielectric waveguides comprise a dielectric material disposed at a location between one of the plurality of electronic devices and the switch. Using the switch to convey the wireless signals between the plurality of electronic devices reduces a number of transceivers (and dielectric waveguides) used to interconnect the plurality of electronic devices, thereby providing for a simple system that has a low wireless signal loss (i.e., attenuation).
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of some embodiments of a system 100 having a switch 104 configured to transfer data between a plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n by way of dielectric waveguides 106 a-106 n.
The system 100 comprises a plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n and a switch 104. In various non-limiting embodiments, the plurality of devices 102 a-102 n may comprise one or more of a micro-controller, an integrated chip, a digital camera, and/or a display, for example. In some embodiments, the system 100 may comprise a printed circuit board (PCB) or a mother board. In other embodiments, the system 100 may comprise an integrated chip package or an automotive/transportation system. For example, in some embodiments, the plurality of devices 102 a-102 n may comprise a rear car camera, a microcontroller, and a dashboard display disposed within an automobile.
One or more of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n are configured to generate data packets, which are to be transmitted to another one of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n. For example, a first electronic device 102 a comprising a rear car camera may be configured to capture an image that is conveyed as a data packet to a second electronic device 102 b comprising a dashboard display element. To transmit and receive the data packets, the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n respectively have a transceiver element configured to transmit and to receive wireless signals (e.g., RF signals) comprising a data packet.
Dielectric waveguides 106 a-106 n are disposed between respective ones of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n and the switch 104. For example, a first dielectric waveguide 106 a is disposed between a first electronic device 102 a and the switch 104, a second dielectric waveguide 108 b is disposed between a second electronic device 102 b and the switch 104, etc. The dielectric waveguides 106 a-106 n are configured to reduce attenuation of the wireless signals travelling between the electronic devices 102 a-102 n and the switch 104 by confining the wireless signals by total internal reflection (i.e., a change in refractive index due to the change in dielectric constant at a surface of a dielectric waveguide causes electromagnetic waves carrying the wireless signal to be repeatedly reflected between opposite walls of a dielectric waveguide as the wireless signal travels through the waveguide). The dielectric waveguides 106 a-106 n also provide for a relatively low cross-talk (i.e., noise) in comparison to metal interconnect wires. In some embodiments, the dielectric waveguides 106 a-106 n may comprise solid rods or cables of dielectric material extending between the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n and the switch 104.
The switch 104 is configured to receive a wireless signal comprising a data packet from one of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n and to re-transmit the data packet as a wireless signal via a dielectric waveguide 106 a-106 n to another one of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n. For example, the switch 104 may receive a data packet from a first electronic device 102 a and re-transmit the data packet to a second electronic device 102 b and/or to a third electronic device 102 c. Since the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n are connected to the switch 104 by way of the dielectric waveguides 106 a-106 n, the switch 104 is able to act as a hub that reduces the overall number of dielectric waveguides by eliminating the need for dielectric waveguides between each of the plurality of electronic devices (e.g., a hub that eliminates the need for a first waveguide between electronic devices 102 a and 102 b, a second waveguide between electronic devices 102 a and 102 c, etc.). By operating the switch 104 to receive data packets and to re-transmit the received data packets, the switch 104 enables the transmission of a data packet from one of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n to any other one of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n.
In some embodiments, a number of the plurality of dielectric waveguides 106 a-106 n may be equal to a number of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n. For example, for a system 100 having ten (10) electronic devices, the number of dielectric waveguides 106 a-106 n may be equal to 10 (i.e., one dielectric waveguide between each of the plurality of electronic devices and the switch). In such embodiments, the switch 104 is configured to enable the transmission of a data packet from one of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n to any other one of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 n using a relatively small number of transceivers and dielectric waveguides.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of some additional embodiments of a system 200 having a switch 204 configured to transfer data between a plurality of electronic devices 210 a-210 c by way of dielectric waveguides 108 a-108 c.
The plurality of electronic devices 210 a-210 c respectively comprise a data generation element 212, an ID management element 214, an appending element 216, and a transceiver chain 218 connected to an antenna 220. The data generation element 212 is configured to generate a data frame comprising data. In some embodiments, the data frame may include data corresponding to an image captured by an electronic device 210 comprising a digital camera, or data corresponding to a tire pressure measurement captured by an electronic device 210 comprising a tire pressure sensor, for example.
The ID management element 214 is configured to generate a destination ID corresponding to an electronic device to which the data frame is to be sent. The appending element 216 is configured to append the destination ID to the data frame to generate a data packet, which is provided from the appending element 216 to the transceiver chain 218. The transceiver chain 218 modulates the data packet onto a carrier wave. The carrier wave is provided to the antenna 220 that wireless transmits the data packet as a wireless RF signal.
The plurality of electronic devices 210 a-210 c are in communication with a switch 204 by way of a plurality of dielectric waveguides 108 a-108 c. Respective ones of the plurality of dielectric waveguides 108 a-108 c are disposed between one of the plurality of electronic devices 210 a-210 c and the switch 204. The wireless RF signal is provided from one of the plurality of electronic devices 210 a-210 c to a dielectric waveguide 108, which conveys the wireless RF signal to the switch 204.
The switch 204 comprises a transceiver element comprising an antenna 208 connected to a transceiver chain 206. The transceiver element is configured receive the wireless RF signal and to re-transmit the wireless RF signal. In some embodiments, the antenna 208 may comprise an isotropic antenna that is configured to re-transmit the wireless RF signal with a substantially same energy over a 360° radius. In such embodiments, the wireless RF signal is provided to the plurality of dielectric waveguides 108 a-108 n which concurrently convey the re-transmitted wireless RF signal to the plurality of electronic devices 210 a-210 c.
Upon receiving the re-transmitted wireless RF signal, the ID management elements 214 a-214 c within the plurality of electronic devices 210 a-210 c will read the destination ID from the wirelessly transmitted data packet and determine whether the destination ID corresponds to a corresponding electronic device. If the destination ID corresponds to the electronic device (i.e., if the destination ID indicates that the packet is intended for the electronic device), the electronic device will accept the data packet. If the destination ID does not correspond to the electronic device (i.e., if the destination ID indicates that the packet is not intended for the electronic device), the electronic device will ignore the data packet.
For example, if the first electronic device 210 a is to transmit a data packet to the third electronic device 210 c, the first electronic device 210 a will generate a data packet having a destination ID corresponding to the third electronic device 210 c. The data packet will be transmitted as a wireless RF signal from the first electronic device 210 a to the switch 204 via dielectric waveguide 108 a. The switch 204 will then re-transmit the data packet to the plurality of dielectric waveguides 108 a-108 n. Upon receiving the data packet, the plurality of electronic devices 210 a-210 c will read the destination ID. Since the destination ID does not correspond to the first or second electronic devices, 210 a and 210 b, the first and second electronic devices, 210 a and 210 b, will ignore the data packet. However, upon receiving the data packet, the third electronic device 210 c will accept the data packet since the destination ID corresponds to third electronic device 210 c.
FIG. 3A is a block diagram of some embodiments of a system 300 having a plurality of electronic devices interconnected by dielectric waveguides 108 a-108 c and a switch 302. The switch 302 comprises a token generation element 306 configured to implement a token ring control system to prevent collisions of data packets at the switch 302.
The system 300 comprises a switch 302 in communication with a plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 c. Since the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 c can communicate with the switch 302, collisions between data packets sent by the plurality of electronic devices can occur at the switch. To prevent collisions between data packets the switch 302 comprises a token generation element 306.
The token generation element 306 is configured to generate a token that is provided to the transceiver chain 304. The transceiver chain 304 is configured to transmit the token to one or more of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 c. The token grants communications rights to one of the plurality of electronic devices (e.g., 102 a) that receives the token, thereby allowing the electronic device (e.g., 102 a) to transmit data packets to the switch 302. Other electronic devices that are not granted communication rights hare not able to transmit data packets to the switch 302. In some embodiments, the token may comprise an ID number that corresponds to one of the plurality of electronic devices. In such embodiments, if an electronic device has an ID number that matches the token, the electronic device is granted communication rights.
In some embodiments, during operation of system 300, the token ring generation element will generate tokens that are sequentially provided to different ones of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-12 c nodes to control the transmission of data by the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 c.
For example, FIG. 3B illustrates a timing diagram 308 showing operation of the system 300. At a first time t₁, the token generation element 306 generates a first token, which is provided from the switch 302 to a first electronic device 102 a. Upon receiving the first token, the first electronic device 102 a is granted permission to transmit data. The first electronic device 102 a transmits a first data packet to the switch 302. In some embodiments, the first data packet may comprise a destination ID, data content, and a response token that tells the switch 302 that the first electronic device 102 a has finished transmitting data. The switch 302 may then re-transmits the first data packet, comprising the destination ID and the data content (but without the response token), which is received and accepted at a destination electronic device 102 c.
After the first transaction is done, the token generation element 306 generates a second token. At a second time t₂, the second token is provided from the switch 302 to a second electronic device 102 b. Upon receiving the second token, the second electronic device 102 b is granted permission to transmit data. The second electronic device 102 b transmits a second data packet to the switch 302. In some embodiments, the second data packet may comprise a destination ID, data content, and a response token that tells the switch 302 that the second electronic device 102 b has finished transmitting data. The switch 302 may then re-transmits the second data packet, comprising the destination ID and the data content (but without the response token), which is received and accepted at a destination electronic device 102 c.
After the second transaction is done, the token generation element 306 generates a third token. At a third time t₃, the third token is provided from the switch 302 to a third electronic device 102 c. Upon receiving the third token, the third electronic device 102 c is granted permission to transmit data. The third electronic device 102 c transmits a third data packet to the switch 302. However, the third electronic device 102 c does not have data to transmit. Therefore, the third electronic device 102 c may transmit an empty data packet comprising a response token that tells the switch 302 that the third electronic device 102 c has finished transmitting data.
In some embodiments, the token generation element 306 may be configured to operate in a round robin fashion, wherein the switch 302 is configured to pass the token to the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 c in a fixed cyclical order. For example, the switch 302 may be configured to pass the token to the first electronic device 102 a at the first time t₁, to the second electronic device 102 b at a second time t₂, to the third electronic device 102 c at a third time t₃, to the first electronic device 102 a at a fourth time t₃, etc.
In some embodiments, the switch 302 may be configured to selectively modify priorities associated with the electronic devices 102 a-102 c, either on the fly or statically. For example, the switch 302 may be configured to give higher priority to electronic devices known to have more traffic, so that an electronic device having more traffic receives the token more often than an electronic device having less traffic (e.g., if electronic device 102 a has more traffic than electronic device 102 b, the switch 302 can pass the token to electronic devices in the order: 102 a, 102 b, 102 a, 102 c, 102 a, etc.).
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of some embodiments of a system 400 having a plurality of switches 404 configured to enable communication between electronic devices 102 a-102 f.
System 400 comprises a first switch 402 a (having a first transceiver chain 404 a and a first antenna 406 a) in communication with a first plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 d and a second switch 404 b (having a second transceiver chain 404 b and a second antenna 406 b) in communication with a second plurality of electronic devices 102 c-102 f. A first plurality of dielectric waveguides 108 a-108 d are disposed between the first switch 402 a and the first plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 d. A second plurality of dielectric waveguides 108 c′-108 f are disposed between the second switch 402 b and the second plurality of electronic devices 102 c-102 f. An inter-switch dielectric waveguide 108 g is disposed between the first switch 404 a and the second switch 402 b.
In some embodiments, the electronic devices, 102 c and 102 d, may be connected to the first and/or second switches, 402 a and/or 402 b, based upon a data transfer rate of an electronic device. Since communication between the first and second switches, 402 a and 402 b, is at low data rate (e.g., has low traffic), while communication between a switch and associated electronic devices is at high data rate (e.g., has high traffic), communications between electronic devices (e.g., 102 a/b and 102 e/f) at low data transfer rate may pass through the multiple switches, 402 a and 402 b, while communications between electronic devices (e.g., 102 a and 102 b) at a high data transfer rate are connected via a single switch, 402 a or 402 b. For example, if electronic devices 102 a and 102 e communicate at a low data transfer rate, they do not need to be connected to a same switch, but rather can be interconnected via switches 404 a and 404 b.
In some embodiments, one or more shared electronic devices, 102 c and 102 d, may be redundantly connected to the first and second switches, 402 a and 402 b. In some embodiments, the shared electronic devices 102 c-102 d may comprise a safety critical device (e.g., an air bag sensor). In such embodiments, the redundancy of the first and second switches, 402 a and 402 b, provides the system with an improved safety feature of the device since by connecting electronic device 102 c to both the first and second switches, 402 a and 402 b, both the first and second switches, 402 a and 402 b, are able to provide data packets to and/or from the electronic device 102 c at a high data rate. For example, in an airbag system, redundant switches 402 a and 402 b can operate to receive data from electronic devices 102 c and 102 d. If the received data is equal, the data is considered reliable and is further processed, if the data is not equal (due to a malfunction of either electronic device 102 c or electronic device 102 d), the data from both 102 c and 102 d is ignored, and inadvertent deployment of the airbag is prevented.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of some alternative embodiments of a system 500 having a switch 502 configured to enable communication between electronic devices 102 a-102 c.
System 500 comprises a switch 502 having a plurality of transceiver chains 504 a-504 c configured to receive data packets from a plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 c. In some embodiments, the switch 502 may have a transceiver chain 504 designated to each of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 c, such that the switch 502 comprises a number of transceiver chains 504 a-504 c that is equal to the number of electronic devices 102 a-102 c.
For example, a first transceiver chain 504 a is configured to send and/or receive data packets from a first electronic device 102 a, a second transceiver chain 504 b is configured to send and/or receive data packets from a second electronic device 102 b, etc. By having a designated transceiver chain 504 associated with each of the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 c, the switch 502 is able to receive data from the plurality of electronic devices 102 a-102 c without having data collisions (i.e., the plurality of transceiver chains 504 a-504 c are able to receive data packets arriving simultaneously from different electronic devices 102 a-102 c).
In some embodiments, upon receiving a data packet, the transceiver chains 504 a-504 c are configured to provide the data packet to a routing element 508. The routing element 508 is configured to read a destination ID of a received data packet and to route the data packet to a transceiver chain that transmits data packet to an electronic device associated with the destination ID. In some embodiments, the routing element 508 may comprise one or more buffers 510 configured to store data packets between reception and re-transmission. The one or more buffers 510 allow the switch 502 to address potentially high data rate of the plurality of transceiver chains 504 a-504 c and to hold data that is to be transferred to a first electronic device (e.g., from switch 502 to 102 c) while receiving data from a second electronic device (e.g., from 102 b to switch 502). In some embodiments, the routing element 508 may remove the destination ID from a received data packet before routing to reduce the size of the data packet.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of some alternative embodiments of a system 600 having a switch 604 configured to enable communication between electronic devices 602 a-602 c.
System 600 comprises a switch 604 in communication with a plurality of electronic devices 602 a-602 c respectively configured to operate at different frequencies. For example, a first electronic device 602 a may be configured to transmit a wireless signal at a first carrier frequency range (e.g., at a carrier frequency range of approximately 120 GHz) and a second electronic device 602 b may be configured to transmit a wireless signal at a different, second carrier frequency range (e.g., at a carrier frequency of approximately 200 GHz).
The switch 604 comprises an antenna 610 configured to transmit and/or receive a mixed wireless signal comprising data associated with different electronic devices 602 a-602 c at different frequency ranges. In some embodiments, the different frequency ranges may be orthogonal to one another.
The orthogonal frequency ranges don't disturb each other so that the system 600 can achieve high transmission rates without interference.
In some embodiments, the antenna 610 is connected to a transceiver chain 606 by way of a plurality of filter elements 608 a-608 c. In some embodiments, the plurality of filter elements 608 a-608 c may comprise bandpass filters, respectively having a pass band corresponding to one of the plurality of electronic devices 602 a-602 c. In some embodiments, the operating frequencies of the plurality of electronic devices 602 a-602 c may be kept relatively far from each other so that lower quality filter elements may be used (e.g., a plurality of filters LC filters with integrated inductors).
The plurality of filter elements 608 a-608 c are configured to perform filtering on a mixed wireless signal comprising wireless signals received from multiple ones of the plurality of electronic devices 602 a-602 c, to generate signals which respectively correspond to the operating carrier frequency of one of the plurality of electronic devices 602 a-602 c. By performing such filtering on the mixed wireless signal, the plurality of filter elements 608 a-608 c can generate and/or recover data from different ones of the plurality of electronic devices 602 a-602 c. For example, electronic devices 602 a and 602 c may concurrently transmit data at 120 GHz and 200 GHz, respectively, to form a mixed wireless signal. The antenna 610 is configured to receive the mixed wireless signal and to provide the mixed wireless signal to the plurality of filter elements 608 a-608 c. A first one of the plurality of filter elements 608 a may filter the mixed wireless signal to recover signals at 120 GHz (i.e., signals from electronic device 602 a) and a second one of the plurality of filter elements 608 b may filter the mixed wireless signal to recover signals at 200 GHz (i.e., signals from electronic device 602 b).
In some embodiments, the transceiver chain 606 is configured to generate a re-transmitted data packet at a carrier frequency depending upon a destination ID (corresponding to a destination electronic device). For example, if a destination ID of a received data packet indicates that the data packet is to be sent to electronic device 602 a, the transceiver chain 606 will modulate the data packet to a relevant carrier frequency, which will re-transmit the data packet at a frequency range that will be received by the destination electronic device 602 a.
In some embodiments, the switch 604 may be configured to generate a mixed re-transmitted wireless signal comprising data packets intended for different ones of the plurality of electronic devices 602 a-602 c. In such embodiments, the plurality of electronic devices 602 a-602 c may respectively have filters 614 a-614 c corresponding to a frequency range of data packets that are to be received. For example, a receiving electronic device (i.e., an electronic device corresponding to a destination ID) will have a filter 614 configured to filter a signal received at an antenna 612 in a manner that allows a transceiver element 616 of the receiving electronic device to receive signals at a frequency containing a data packet, while non-receiving electronic devices (i.e., electronic devices not corresponding to the destination ID) will have filters configured to filter out the frequency range containing the data packet.
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of an exemplary method 700 of transferring data between a plurality of electronic devices by way of dielectric waveguides.
It will be appreciated that while method 700 is illustrated and described below as a series of acts or events, the illustrated ordering of such acts or events are not to be interpreted in a limiting sense. For example, some acts may occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts or events apart from those illustrated and/or described herein. In addition, not all illustrated acts may be required to implement one or more aspects or embodiments of the disclosure herein. Also, one or more of the acts depicted herein may be carried out in one or more separate acts and/or phases.
At 702, a transmitting electronic device is operated to generate a data frame.
At 704, a data packet is generated by appending a destination ID to the data frame. The destination ID designates an electronic device to which the data packet is to be sent.
At 706, a token may be transferred from a switch shared by a plurality of electronic devices to the transmitting electronic device, in some embodiments. The token is configured to grant communication rights to the transmitting electronic device.
At 708, the data packet is transmitted as a first wireless signal from the transmitting electronic device to the switch by way of a first dielectric waveguide. The data packet may be conveyed to the switch as a wireless signal that is conveyed through the first dielectric waveguide with a relatively low attenuation (e.g., an attenuation lower than that of free-space).
At 710, the data packet is re-transmitted as a second wireless signal from the switch to a receiving electronic device by way of a second dielectric waveguide. In some embodiments, re-transmission of the data packet may return the token to the switch (e.g., after one or more data packets have been transferred).
It will be appreciated that acts 702-710 may be performed iteratively to send data packets to different electronic devices within a system. For example, in some embodiments, acts 702-710 may be performed a first time to send a data packet from a first electronic device comprising a digital camera to a second electronic device comprising a micro-controller configured to process the signal received from the digital camera. Acts 702-710 may be subsequently performed a second time to send a data packet from the micro-controller to a third electronic device comprising a display.
It will be appreciated that equivalent alterations and/or modifications may occur to those skilled in the art based upon a reading and/or understanding of the specification and annexed drawings. The disclosure herein includes all such modifications and alterations and is generally not intended to be limited thereby. For example, although the disclosed system is illustrated as having two offset correction circuits and two feedback loops, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a disclosed system may comprise more than two offset correction circuits and/or feedback loops.
In addition, while a particular feature or aspect may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such feature or aspect may be combined with one or more other features and/or aspects of other implementations as may be desired. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes”, “having”, “has”, “with”, and/or variants thereof are used herein, such terms are intended to be inclusive in meaning—like “comprising.” Also, “exemplary” is merely meant to mean an example, rather than the best. It is also to be appreciated that features, layers and/or elements depicted herein are illustrated with particular dimensions and/or orientations relative to one another for purposes of simplicity and ease of understanding, and that the actual dimensions

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A system, comprising:

a plurality of electronic devices respectively comprising a transceiver element configured to generate a wireless signal that transmits a data packet;

a switch comprising a routing element coupled to a plurality of antennas, wherein a first one of the plurality of antennas is configured to receive the wireless signal from a first one of the plurality of electronic devices and a second one of the plurality of antennas is configured to re-transmit at least a part of the data packet in a second wireless signal to a second one of the plurality of electronic devices; and

a plurality of dielectric waveguides comprising a dielectric material disposed at locations between the plurality of electronic devices and the switch.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of electronic devices respectively comprise:

a data generation element configured to generate a data frame;

an ID management element configured to generate a destination ID that designates the second one of the plurality of electronic devices to which the data frame is to be sent; and

an appending element configured to append the destination ID to the data frame to generate the data packet.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the routing element is configured to remove the destination ID from the data packet before re-transmitting at least the part of the data packet in the second wireless signal.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the switch further comprises:

a plurality of transceiver chains coupled between the routing element and the plurality of antennas.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the routing element is configured to read a destination ID of the data packet and to route at least the part of the data packet to one of the plurality of transceiver chains configured to transmit at least the part of the data packet to one of the plurality of electronic devices associated with the destination ID.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the switch further comprises:

one or more buffers configured to store data packets between reception and re-transmission.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the switch further comprises:

a token generation element configured to generate a token that grants communications rights to one of the plurality of electronic devices that receives the token.

8. A system, comprising:

a switch comprising a token generation element configured to generate a token that grants communications rights, and further comprising an antenna configured to transmit the token as a first wireless signal;

a plurality of electronic devices respectively comprising a transceiver element configured to receive the first wireless signal, wherein one of the plurality of electronic devices that is granted communication rights by the token is further configured to generate a second wireless signal that transmits a first data packet comprising a destination ID, data content, and a response token that indicates to the switch that the one of the plurality of electronic devices has finished transmitting data;

a plurality of dielectric waveguides comprising a dielectric material disposed at locations between the plurality of electronic devices and the switch; and

wherein the switch is configured to receive the second wireless signal from a first one of the plurality of electronic devices and to forward at least a part of the first data packet to one or more of the plurality of electronic devices as a third wireless signal.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the plurality of electronic devices respectively comprise:

a data generation element configured to generate a data frame; and

an appending element configured to generate the data packet by appending the destination ID to the data frame.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the token generation element is configured to generate a plurality of tokens that are respectively provided to different ones of the plurality of electronic devices in a sequential order.

11. The system of claim 10, where the plurality of tokens that are respectively provided to the different ones of the plurality of electronic devices in a fixed cyclical order.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein the switch is configured to modify the sequential order during operation.

13. The system of claim 8, wherein the plurality of electronic devices are respectively configured to attach the response token to a data frame to form the data packet, and to transmit the data packet.

14. The system of claim 8, wherein the plurality of electronic devices are respectively configured to attach the response token to an empty data frame not having data to form the data packet, and to transmit the data packet.

15. The system of claim 8, wherein the switch further comprises:

a plurality of filters coupling the antenna within the switch to a transceiver chain, wherein each of the plurality of filters pass signals having a different frequency.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the transceiver chain is configured to generate a carrier frequency that depends upon the destination ID.

17. A system, comprising:

a first plurality of electronic devices respectively configured to generate a first wireless signal that transmits a first data packet;

a first switch configured to receive the first wireless signal from one of the first plurality of electronic devices and to re-transmit the first data packet to one or more of the first plurality of electronic devices by way of one or more first dielectric waveguides disposed at locations between the first plurality of electronic devices and the first switch;

a second plurality of electronic devices respectively configured to generate a second wireless signal that transmits a second data packet;

a second switch configured to receive the second wireless signal from one of the second plurality of electronic devices and to re-transmit the second data packet to:

one or more of the second plurality of electronic devices by way of one or more second dielectric waveguides disposed at locations between the second switch and the second plurality of electronic devices; or

one or more of the first plurality of electronic devices by way of a shared dielectric waveguide disposed between the first switch and the second switch; and

wherein the second switch is configured to more frequently send data packets to one or more of the second plurality of electronic devices than to the one or more of the first plurality of electronic devices.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein one the first plurality of electronic devices is a shared electronic device connected to the first switch by way of one of the one or more first dielectric waveguides and further connected to the second switch by one of the one or more second dielectric waveguides.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein the shared electronic device is a safety critical device.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the safety critical device comprises an air bag sensor.