US20150326304A1 - World-wide, wide-band, low-latency, mobile internet and system therefor - Google Patents
World-wide, wide-band, low-latency, mobile internet and system therefor Download PDFInfo
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- US20150326304A1 US20150326304A1 US14/717,260 US201514717260A US2015326304A1 US 20150326304 A1 US20150326304 A1 US 20150326304A1 US 201514717260 A US201514717260 A US 201514717260A US 2015326304 A1 US2015326304 A1 US 2015326304A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/195—Non-synchronous stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/118—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum specially adapted for satellite communication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18523—Satellite systems for providing broadcast service to terrestrial stations, i.e. broadcast satellite service
Definitions
- a communication system for providing world-wide, mobile Internet communication to a plurality of users and a method therefore includes ground-based, multi-channel, radio frequency (RF) transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids that are capable of providing content to multiple users via cell towers and low-altitude, optical transmitting and receiving satellites that are in optical communication at the teleport interface with the ground-based, multi-channel, radio frequency (RF) transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids.
- the method includes transmitting optical and/or RF signals between at least one of the ground-based, multi-channel, RF transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids and at least one of the low-altitude, optical transmitting and receiving satellites.
- FIG. 1 is an illustration of a wide-band, low-latency system in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the benefits and advantages of the present inventions LEO, low earth orbit, spinner satellite Internet communication system against the conventional GEO, geostationary earth orbit, RF based Internet communication systems.
- a satellite and a satellite system for performing optical transmitting and receiving communication functions are known to the art.
- U.S. Pat. No. 7,739,003 to Johnson is incorporated in its entirety herein.
- a method and system for over-the-air broadcast of high-definition television (HDTV) are also well-known.
- HDTV high-definition television
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,031,576 to Kuykendall is incorporated in its entirety herein.
- FIG. 1 is an example thereof.
- an optical satellite system transmitting and receiving system 10 and a ground-based RF transmitting and receiving system 20 are shown.
- the optical satellite system transmitting and receiving system 10 and the ground-based RF transmitting and receiving system 20 are in optical communication 16 .
- up-links and down-links travel through the atmosphere between the two systems 10 and 20 .
- Bore-sighting a relatively high-power laser at the ground-based RF transmitting and receiving system 20 to a relatively low-power laser at the optical satellite transmitting and receiving system 10 can mitigate deleterious atmospheric effects, e.g., absorption, turbulence, blooming, and so forth.
- the optical satellite system transmitting and receiving system 10 includes a and is incorporated in a plurality of low-cost, low-altitude, spin stabilized satellites 12 that can be deployed to provide an intra-satellite link 14 and communication linkage 16 to the users in the United States 11 , to users in Europe 13 , and so forth.
- the optical satellite system transmitting and receiving system 10 can propagate optical signals in a vacuum and with minimal atmospheric deterioration between satellites 12 .
- the satellites 12 can be used as optical signal routers in an optical space Internet system.
- Low latency is advantageous because, inter alia, “handshaking” and “page-sending” operations on mobile devices 25 are quick and convenient.
- the ground-based RF transmitting and receiving system 20 includes a plurality of broadcasting grids 22 a , 22 b that are in communication with a multiplicity of mobile devices 25 , e.g., cellular phones, smart phones, personal computers, laptop computers, and the like, via dedicated cell towers 24 on the earth's surface 31 .
- Broadcasting between units 22 a , 22 b , 24 and 25 as shown is two way grids for the United States 22 a and Europe 22 b are shown in FIG. 1 for illustrative purposes only. Any number of broadcasting grids 22 in any number of global markets can be serviced by the system.
- 22 b shows an Upgraded Broadcasting grid of N Multi-channel transmitter tower sites in Europe by example and 22 a shows an Upgraded Broadcasting grid of 200 multi-channel transmitter tower sites in the USA.
- the broadcasting grids 22 a , 22 b of the ground-based RF transmitting and receiving system 20 include a number, e.g., 200, of multi-channel transmitters that can operate on a broad-band to provide, for example, home HDTV service, mobile cell TV service, and so forth on a one way basis. Communication to the mobile devices 25 via cell towers 24 is well-known to the art.
- the broadcasting grids 22 a , 22 b may include fiber-optic links that are adapted to inter-connect RF transmitters and RF cell towers 24 , especially in urban areas. In more rural areas, RF links are used in lieu of fiber-optic links.
- the interface between the optical, space-based portion 10 and the RF, ground-based portion 20 of the system occurs at a teleport relay hub.
- the teleport relay hub includes an optical transmitter/receiver for transmitting and receiving optical signals with the space-based portion 10 and a conversion device for converting a received optical signal to an RF signal and/or for converting a received RF signal to an optical signal.
- Proliferated constellations of low-altitude, low-cost, low latency optical satellites are shown in units 12 in FIG. 1 providing Internet connection between Europe and the USA.
- FIG. 1 provides an Optical Satellite System Transmitting/Receiving to 200 Ground-based Optical Transmitter/Receiving sites CO-located with 200 Multi-channel Transmitter Sites that can provide home TV service and mobile cell TV user service.
- the indicated cell phone tower network near each of the 200 tower sites is already in place.
- This basic concept can be upgraded to a high bandwidth internet system (shown by the double-headed arrows) that enable smart phones, laptops, etc to handshake and transmit/receive wide bandwidth data with a low-latency, lower cost, connection capability.
- the optical satellite link system is preferred to an optional RF satellite link system at a higher altitude with less carrier bandwidth and more latency).
- LEO Low Earth Orbit
- the spinning satellite space-segment communication system described above is further provided with, in the constellation of small, low-earth-orbit (LEO), spin-stabilized satellites 12 , the means that provide for inertial spin stabilization, attitude determination, magnetic-loop control using techniques as are known in the art.
- the system further includes means for providing satellite guidance, navigation and control in earth coordinates, with counter-rotating, inertial-stabilized pointing/tracking, bore-sighted downlinks/uplinks, and compensation for atmospheric turbulence effects.
- the system as noted provides very low latency, wide optical bandwidths along with optical routing around satellite constellations and optical atmospheric turbulence compensation as is know in the art.
- the LEO free space optical system thus described has an optimal internet capability.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the benefits and advantages of the present inventions LEO, low earth orbit, spinner satellite Internet communication system against the conventional
- the Satellite(s) 40 of the GEO approach satellite 40 must be a 3 -axis stabilized HEO, high earth orbit, satellite at an altitude in the area of 22,300 miles to provide a stationary synced orbit.
- the large 3-axis stabilized GEO satellite is more difficult to point/track and has a large footprint with less laser power density and a large uplink/downlink latency. (240 ms).
- Optical (P/T)atmos. turbulence ⁇ 40 hz) 25 ms).
- the small spin-stabilized LEO satellite is much easier to point/track and has a small footprint with more laser power density and a small uplink/downlink latency. (6.5 ms)
- HEO high earth orbit satellites
- Table I presents a summary of the benefits to LEO spinners.
- OOM Magnitude
- HEO RF vs. LEO Optical Advantages
- Proliferated small satellites are needed to provide continuous coverage of ground stations on earth as the satellites pass the earth positions.
- Area 30 in FIG. 2 illustrates a coverage pattern representing an 8 minute teleport contact time during a satellite overpass at 600 miles. Coverage calculated as 1200 sqrt(3) miles ⁇ 90_minutes coverage per satellite means over 24,000 miles an 8 minute station pass.
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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- Optical Communication System (AREA)
Abstract
A communication system for providing world-wide, mobile Internet communication to a plurality of users and a method therefore.
The system includes ground-based, multi-channel, radio frequency transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids that are capable of providing content to multiple users via cell towers and low-altitude, optical transmitting and receiving satellites that are in optical communication with the ground-based, multi-channel, RF transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids. The method includes transmitting optical and/or RF signals between at least one of the ground-based, multi-channel, RF transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids and at least one of the low-altitude, optical transmitting and receiving satellites.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. patent Ser. No. 13/573,794, filed on Oct. 3, 2012, which claims priority of Provisional Application No. 61/542,466 filed Oct. 3, 2011.
- (Not applicable)
- Internet communication via satellite is know using High earth orbit geostationary satellites. These are expensive and very power hungry systems, hard to place and stabilize in orbit and have a wide channel dimension for the RF communication they use.
- A communication system for providing world-wide, mobile Internet communication to a plurality of users and a method therefore is disclosed. The system includes ground-based, multi-channel, radio frequency (RF) transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids that are capable of providing content to multiple users via cell towers and low-altitude, optical transmitting and receiving satellites that are in optical communication at the teleport interface with the ground-based, multi-channel, radio frequency (RF) transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids. The method includes transmitting optical and/or RF signals between at least one of the ground-based, multi-channel, RF transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids and at least one of the low-altitude, optical transmitting and receiving satellites.
- The invention is pointed out with particularity in the appended claims. However, the advantages of the invention described above, together with further advantages, may be better understood by referring to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the different views.
-
FIG. 1 is an illustration of a wide-band, low-latency system in accordance with the present invention; and -
FIG. 2 illustrates the benefits and advantages of the present inventions LEO, low earth orbit, spinner satellite Internet communication system against the conventional GEO, geostationary earth orbit, RF based Internet communication systems. - A satellite and a satellite system for performing optical transmitting and receiving communication functions are known to the art. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 7,739,003 to Johnson is incorporated in its entirety herein. Furthermore, a method and system for over-the-air broadcast of high-definition television (HDTV) are also well-known. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,031,576 to Kuykendall is incorporated in its entirety herein.
- Combining the teachings and capabilities of the Johnson and Kuykendall patents produces a low-cost, low-latency, optical and/or RF transmitting/receiving system having particular advantages over the prior art.
- In the present invention there is shown means for providing world-wide, wide-bandwidth, low-latency mobile Internet connection from USA to Europe via low-cost, low-altitude satellite.
FIG. 1 is an example thereof. - Referring to
FIG. 1 , an optical satellite system transmitting and receivingsystem 10 and a ground-based RF transmitting and receivingsystem 20 are shown. The optical satellite system transmitting and receivingsystem 10 and the ground-based RF transmitting and receivingsystem 20 are inoptical communication 16. As a result, up-links and down-links travel through the atmosphere between the twosystems system 20 to a relatively low-power laser at the optical satellite transmitting and receivingsystem 10 can mitigate deleterious atmospheric effects, e.g., absorption, turbulence, blooming, and so forth. - The optical satellite system transmitting and receiving
system 10 includes a and is incorporated in a plurality of low-cost, low-altitude, spin stabilizedsatellites 12 that can be deployed to provide anintra-satellite link 14 andcommunication linkage 16 to the users in the United States 11, to users in Europe 13, and so forth. Advantageously, the optical satellite system transmitting and receivingsystem 10 can propagate optical signals in a vacuum and with minimal atmospheric deterioration betweensatellites 12. As a result, thesatellites 12 can be used as optical signal routers in an optical space Internet system. Advantageously,optical satellites 12 can simultaneously routoptical signals 14 to other satellites and/oroptical signals 16 to the ground-based RF transmitting and receivingsystem 20 without reliance on telephone lines, coaxial cables, fiber-optical cables, and the like. This allows communication over significant earth distances. More advantageous, is that bad weather that might otherwise cause problems with up-links and/or down-links can be avoided by using communication links that are not affected by the bad weather. - By deploying the
satellites 12 in a low altitude orbit, a low latency connection is possible. Low latency is advantageous because, inter alia, “handshaking” and “page-sending” operations onmobile devices 25 are quick and convenient. - The ground-based RF transmitting and receiving
system 20 includes a plurality ofbroadcasting grids mobile devices 25, e.g., cellular phones, smart phones, personal computers, laptop computers, and the like, viadedicated cell towers 24 on the earth'ssurface 31. Broadcasting betweenunits FIG. 1 for illustrative purposes only. Any number of broadcasting grids 22 in any number of global markets can be serviced by the system. 22 b shows an Upgraded Broadcasting grid of N Multi-channel transmitter tower sites in Europe by example and 22 a shows an Upgraded Broadcasting grid of 200 multi-channel transmitter tower sites in the USA. - As described in Kuykendall, the
broadcasting grids system 20 include a number, e.g., 200, of multi-channel transmitters that can operate on a broad-band to provide, for example, home HDTV service, mobile cell TV service, and so forth on a one way basis. Communication to themobile devices 25 viacell towers 24 is well-known to the art. Thebroadcasting grids RF cell towers 24, especially in urban areas. In more rural areas, RF links are used in lieu of fiber-optic links. - The interface between the optical, space-based
portion 10 and the RF, ground-basedportion 20 of the system occurs at a teleport relay hub. The teleport relay hub includes an optical transmitter/receiver for transmitting and receiving optical signals with the space-basedportion 10 and a conversion device for converting a received optical signal to an RF signal and/or for converting a received RF signal to an optical signal. - Proliferated constellations of low-altitude, low-cost, low latency optical satellites are shown in
units 12 inFIG. 1 providing Internet connection between Europe and the USA. -
FIG. 1 as thus described provides an Optical Satellite System Transmitting/Receiving to 200 Ground-based Optical Transmitter/Receiving sites CO-located with 200 Multi-channel Transmitter Sites that can provide home TV service and mobile cell TV user service. The indicated cell phone tower network near each of the 200 tower sites is already in place. This basic concept can be upgraded to a high bandwidth internet system (shown by the double-headed arrows) that enable smart phones, laptops, etc to handshake and transmit/receive wide bandwidth data with a low-latency, lower cost, connection capability. (the optical satellite link system is preferred to an optional RF satellite link system at a higher altitude with less carrier bandwidth and more latency). - “The world-wide, wide-bandwidth, internet Low Earth Orbit (LEO) system described in provides the shortest possible latency between any two world-wide points via free space laser optical links to a local ground segment (RF or fiber-optic). The shortest latency provides the best internet user experience in terms of burst data error correction and other internet handshaking protocols.”
- The spinning satellite space-segment communication system described above is further provided with, in the constellation of small, low-earth-orbit (LEO), spin-stabilized
satellites 12, the means that provide for inertial spin stabilization, attitude determination, magnetic-loop control using techniques as are known in the art. On the same basis the system further includes means for providing satellite guidance, navigation and control in earth coordinates, with counter-rotating, inertial-stabilized pointing/tracking, bore-sighted downlinks/uplinks, and compensation for atmospheric turbulence effects. The system as noted provides very low latency, wide optical bandwidths along with optical routing around satellite constellations and optical atmospheric turbulence compensation as is know in the art. - The LEO free space optical system thus described has an optimal internet capability.
- In this respect,
FIG. 2 illustrates the benefits and advantages of the present inventions LEO, low earth orbit, spinner satellite Internet communication system against the conventional - GEO, geostationary earth orbit, RF based satellite Internet communication system. The Satellite(s) 40 of the GEO
approach satellite 40 must be a 3-axis stabilized HEO, high earth orbit, satellite at an altitude in the area of 22,300 miles to provide a stationary synced orbit. The large 3-axis stabilized GEO satellite is more difficult to point/track and has a large footprint with less laser power density and a large uplink/downlink latency. (240 ms). Optical (P/T)atmos.turbulence −40 hz) (25 ms). The small spin-stabilized LEO satellite is much easier to point/track and has a small footprint with more laser power density and a small uplink/downlink latency. (6.5 ms) - For the LEO satellite a Laser, λ−1.5 μ and aperture diameter, D,=5 cm (2 inches)is possible with 2⊖=λ=1.5×10−6 meter=3×10−5=30 μ0 radian=6 arc-seconds providing a small, interference avoiding, channel size. In the environment of
FIG. 2 , - 2⊖=λ/D, diameter.
- For the GEO, high earth orbit satellites (HEO) 40 the following apply:
- 3-axis stabilized HEO satellite is used.
- Laser, λ−1.5 μ and aperture diameter, D−5 cm (2 inches)
- 2⊖=λ1.5×10−6 meter=3×10−5=30 μradian=6 arc−seconds
-
- D=5 cm
λ=wavelength
D=diameter
- D=5 cm
- 2⊖=the double angle describing the diameter of the circular spot
- Moreover, it is difficult to point and/or track a large, flexible, GEO, 3-axis stabilized satellite with many large moving parts (solar panels, RF antenna, reaction wheels, gas thrusters. Momentum wheels, control moment gyros, etc.). Also high latency prevents turbulence compensation.
- Table I presents a summary of the benefits to LEO spinners.
-
TABLE I Order of Magnitude (OOM) HEO RF vs. LEO Optical Advantages OOM Weight 2.0 Bandwidth 2 0 Point/track accuracy 1.0 Power density (gnd) 3.0 Latency 1.5 Atmos. correction 1.0 Test & Operations 2.0 Avoid FCC licensing 1.0 32 × 1012 = 13.5 Large # yields lower cost likely - Proliferated small satellites are needed to provide continuous coverage of ground stations on earth as the satellites pass the earth positions.
Area 30 inFIG. 2 illustrates a coverage pattern representing an 8 minute teleport contact time during a satellite overpass at 600 miles. Coverage calculated as 1200 sqrt(3) miles×90_minutes coverage per satellite means over 24,000 miles an 8 minute station pass. For a 90 minute orbit, 90 min/8 min implies 12 or more proliferated satellites in an equatorial orbit would provide continuous contact to a ground=based teleport near equator. It is much easier to point/track a small, rigid, LEO, spinning satellite with no large moving parts. And small latency enables turbulence compensation. Details in the art are in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,571,076, 7,739,003, 8,185,262, incorporated herein by reference - Although the invention is described through the above-described exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications to, and variations of, the illustrated embodiments may be made without departing from the inventive concepts disclosed herein. Accordingly, the invention should not be viewed as limited, except by the scope and spirit of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A communication system for providing world-wide, mobile Internet communication to a plurality of users, the system comprising:
a plurality of ground-based, multi-channel, radio frequency or optical transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids that are in communication with a multiplicity of mobile devices comprising cellular phones, smart phones, personal computers, and laptop computers of the plurality of users, that are capable of providing multichannel radio frequency transmitting to the plurality of users via at least one cell tower; and
a plurality of low-altitude, optical transmitting and receiving satellites that are in optical communication with the plurality of ground-based, multi-channel, radio frequency or optical transmitting and receiving broadcasting grids, wherein said satellites are spinning stabilized.
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US14/717,260 US20150326304A1 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2015-05-20 | World-wide, wide-band, low-latency, mobile internet and system therefor |
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US201161542466P | 2011-10-03 | 2011-10-03 | |
US13/573,794 US9065564B2 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2012-10-03 | World-wide, wide-band, low-latency, mobile internet and system therefor |
US14/717,260 US20150326304A1 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2015-05-20 | World-wide, wide-band, low-latency, mobile internet and system therefor |
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US13/573,794 Continuation US9065564B2 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2012-10-03 | World-wide, wide-band, low-latency, mobile internet and system therefor |
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US20150326304A1 true US20150326304A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
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US13/573,794 Active - Reinstated 2033-02-08 US9065564B2 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2012-10-03 | World-wide, wide-band, low-latency, mobile internet and system therefor |
US14/717,260 Abandoned US20150326304A1 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2015-05-20 | World-wide, wide-band, low-latency, mobile internet and system therefor |
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US13/573,794 Active - Reinstated 2033-02-08 US9065564B2 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2012-10-03 | World-wide, wide-band, low-latency, mobile internet and system therefor |
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CN107959522B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2021-07-20 | 中国电子科技集团公司电子科学研究院 | Inter-satellite communication method, space-based backbone network and computer storage medium |
CN108039913B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2023-09-01 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Coarse tracking device for light and small space laser communication terminal |
CN109150302B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2021-02-12 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Optical axis self-calibration device and method of optical communication system |
CN111263417B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-07-09 | 北京邮电大学 | Service request processing method and device based on user type |
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US6078810A (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 2000-06-20 | Motorola, Inc. | Multiple-tier satelite communication system and method of operation thereof |
US6097952A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 2000-08-01 | Nec Corporation | Mobile communication termination controlling method and mobile communication termination controlling system |
US20020132578A1 (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 2002-09-19 | Globalstar, Lp | Interactive fixed and mobile satellite network |
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US6246501B1 (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 2001-06-12 | Contraves Space Ag | Method and arrangement for an interruption-proof optical satellite linkage in LEO networks |
US6031576A (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2000-02-29 | Kuykendall, Jr.; Jacob L. | Method and system for over-the-air broadcast of HDTV and the like with efficient spectrum allocation and broadcast area signal distribution |
EP1152553B1 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2009-12-09 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Ground to space to ground trunking system |
US20040001720A1 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-01 | Krill Jerry A. | Satellite-based mobile communication system |
US7739003B2 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2010-06-15 | Kara Whitney Johnson | Method of determining and controlling the inertial attitude of a spinning, artificial satellite and systems therefor |
-
2012
- 2012-10-03 US US13/573,794 patent/US9065564B2/en active Active - Reinstated
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2015
- 2015-05-20 US US14/717,260 patent/US20150326304A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US6066850A (en) * | 1996-09-17 | 2000-05-23 | Canadian Space Agency | Satellite attitude sensor using thermal imaging |
US20020132578A1 (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 2002-09-19 | Globalstar, Lp | Interactive fixed and mobile satellite network |
US6078810A (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 2000-06-20 | Motorola, Inc. | Multiple-tier satelite communication system and method of operation thereof |
US6097952A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 2000-08-01 | Nec Corporation | Mobile communication termination controlling method and mobile communication termination controlling system |
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US20130101293A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
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