US20140349584A1 - Communication device and method for performing radio communication - Google Patents
Communication device and method for performing radio communication Download PDFInfo
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- US20140349584A1 US20140349584A1 US14/062,982 US201314062982A US2014349584A1 US 20140349584 A1 US20140349584 A1 US 20140349584A1 US 201314062982 A US201314062982 A US 201314062982A US 2014349584 A1 US2014349584 A1 US 2014349584A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
- H04B7/0486—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking channel rank into account
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0689—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using different transmission schemes, at least one of them being a diversity transmission scheme
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0691—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas
- H04B7/0693—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas switching off a diversity branch, e.g. to save power
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
- H04B7/0871—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using different reception schemes, at least one of them being a diversity reception scheme
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
- H04B7/0874—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using subgroups of receive antennas
- H04B7/0877—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using subgroups of receive antennas switching off a diversity branch, e.g. to save power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
- H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
- H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
- H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
Definitions
- Embodiments described herein generally relate to communication devices and methods for performing radio communication.
- Today's mobile communication devices may support multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) like WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network), Bluetooth, GPS (Global Positioning System), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System), LTE (Long Term Evolution) etc.
- RATs Radio Access Technologies
- WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
- GPS Global Positioning System
- GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
- UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- the available space in a mobile communication device is typically very limited and often not sufficient to place a higher number of antennas.
- a reduction of the size of the antennas may not be possible or may be undesirable since it may reduce the antennas' performance significantly.
- each antenna that is incorporated in a mobile communication device generates additional cost during production of the mobile communication device.
- FIG. 1 shows a communication arrangement
- FIG. 2 shows a communication device
- FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram illustrating a method for performing radio communication.
- FIG. 4 shows a transceiver arrangement with an LTE transceiver and a WLAN transceiver sharing an antenna.
- FIG. 5 shows a signal diagram illustrating a scenario in which a shared antenna is switched from LTE to WLAN for a period of unknown length.
- FIG. 6 shows a signal diagram in which a shared antenna is switched from LTE to WLAN for a short period of known length.
- FIG. 7 shows a signal diagram in which a shared antenna is switched from LTE to WLAN for a very short period.
- FIG. 8 shows a communication arrangement in a tethering scenario.
- FIG. 1 shows a communication arrangement 100 .
- the communication arrangement 100 includes a mobile communication device 101 (such as a smartphone, a tablet, a notebooks etc) which supports two (or more) radio access technologies (RATs), in this example LTE (Long Term Evolution) and WiFi (or, in other words, WLAN).
- RATs radio access technologies
- the mobile communication device 101 also referred to as mobile terminal, includes a first transceiver 102 , in this example an LTE transceiver and a second transceiver 103 , in this example a WiFi transceiver.
- the mobile communication device 101 further comprises a plurality of antennas 104 .
- the LTE transceiver 102 may communicate with an LTE base station 105 and the WiFi transceiver 103 may communicate with a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) access point 106 .
- WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
- LTE and WiFi are only examples and other RATs may be used such as UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), Bluetooth, GPS (Global Positioning System) etc.
- UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
- GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
- Bluetooth GPS (Global Positioning System) etc.
- the RATs in this example LTE and WiFi may support technologies that require the usage of more than one antenna, for example MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output).
- MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
- an antenna may be used (uncontrolled) in parallel by a plurality of RATs.
- the reception performance may be degraded.
- a communication device provided in which one or more antennas may be shared between RATs (which each request multiple antennas) by switching it between the RATs in a controlled manner.
- RATs such as LTE and WiFi typically require multiple antennas only for high-speed data reception or transmission or under bad radio conditions. However, it is unlikely that multiple RATs do a high-speed data reception or transmission at the same time. In case that multiple RATs experience degrading radio conditions a priority decision could be taken which RAT is more important and is assigned a shared antenna.
- FIG. 2 shows a communication device 200 .
- the communication device 200 comprises a first antenna 201 , a second antenna 202 and a third antenna 203 , a first transceiver 204 configured to communicate using at least the first antenna 201 and a second transceiver 205 configured to communicate using at least the second antenna 202 .
- the communication device 200 further comprises a controller 206 configured to determine whether the third antenna 203 is to be used by the first transceiver 204 or the second transceiver 205 based on a selection criterion and configured to control the first transceiver 204 to communicate using the first antenna 201 and the third antenna 203 if the controller 206 has determined that the third antenna 203 is to be used by the first transceiver 204 and to control the second transceiver 205 to communicate using the second antenna 202 and the third antenna 203 if the controller 206 has determined that the third antenna 203 is to be used by the second transceiver 205 .
- an antenna in this example the third antenna
- the criterion may for example be based on a required quality of the communication of the first transceiver and the communication of the second transceiver (e.g. a required throughput, robustness, Quality of Service, latency etc.), on a priority of the first transceiver and a priority of the second transceiver and/or the current radio conditions that the transceiver experiences.
- the transceiver which experiences the worse radio conditions is assigned with the shared antenna.
- Worse radio conditions may for example mean a higher risk of a lost communication connection or a higher bit error rate or packet error rate, a lower signal-to-noise ratio etc.
- the communication device 200 for example carries out a method as illustrated in FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram 300 .
- the flow diagram 300 illustrates a method for performing radio communication, for example carried out by a controller of a communication device.
- the controller determines whether a third antenna of the communication device which comprises a first antenna, a second antenna and the third antenna is to be used by a first transceiver or a second transceiver of the communication device based on a selection criterion.
- the controller controls the first transceiver to communicate using the first antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver.
- the controller controls the second transceiver to communicate using the second antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 1 is a communication device comprising a first antenna, a second antenna and a third antenna; a first transceiver configured to communicate using at least the first antenna; a second transceiver configured to communicate using at least the second antenna; and a controller configured to determine whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on a selection criterion and configured to control the first transceiver to communicate using the first antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and to control the second transceiver to communicate using the second antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 2 the subject matter of Example 1 can optionally include the first transceiver being configured to communicate according to a first radio access technology and the second transceiver being configured to communicate according to a second radio access technology different from the first radio access technology.
- Example 3 the subject matter of Examples 1-2 can optionally include the first transceiver including a first baseband circuit and the second transceiver including a second baseband circuit.
- Example 4 the subject matter of Examples 1-3 can optionally include the controller being configured to control the first transceiver to communicate using the first antenna and the third antenna and the second transceiver to communicate simultaneously using the second antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and to control the second transceiver to communicate using the second antenna and the third antenna and the first transceiver to communicate simultaneously using the first antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 5 the subject matter of Examples 1-4 can optionally include the controller being configured to determine whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on a quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver and a quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver.
- Example 6 the subject matter of Example 5 can optionally include the controller being configured to determine that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver if the quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver is higher than the quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver and to determine that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver if the quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver is higher than the quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver.
- Example 7 the subject matter of Examples 5-6 can optionally include the quality requirement being a throughput requirement or a robustness requirement or a combination of both.
- Example 8 the subject matter of Examples 1-7 can optionally include the controller being configured to determine whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on a priority of the communication of the first transceiver and a priority of the communication of the second transceiver.
- Example 9 the subject matter of Examples 1-8 can optionally include the controller being configured to determine whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver and based on radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver.
- Example 10 the subject matter of Example 9 can optionally include the controller being configured to determine that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver if the radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver are worse than the radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver and to determine that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver if the radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver are worse than the radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver.
- Example 11 the subject matter of Examples 1-10 can optionally include the controller being configured to control the first transceiver to perform a MIMO communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and to control the second transceiver to perform a MIMO communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 12 the subject matter of Examples 1-11 can optionally include the communication device being a communication terminal.
- Example 13 the subject matter of Examples 1-12 can optionally include the communication device being a subscriber terminal of a mobile cellular radio communication system and the first transceiver is configured to communicate with a base station of the mobile cellular radio communication system.
- Example 14 the subject matter of Examples 1-13 can optionally include the second transceiver being configured to communicate with an access point of a wireless local area network.
- Example 15 the subject matter of Examples 1-14 can optionally include the controller being configured to control the first transceiver to perform downlink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and to control the second transceiver to perform downlink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 16 the subject matter of Examples 1-15 can optionally include the controller being configured to control the first transceiver to perform downlink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna and the second transceiver to simultaneously perform downlink communication using the second antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and to control the second transceiver to perform downlink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna and the first transceiver to simultaneously perform downlink communication using the first antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 17 the subject matter of Examples 1-16 can optionally include the controller being configured
- Example 18 the subject matter of Examples 1-17 can optionally include the first transceiver being configured to communicate with a first device and the second transceiver being configured to communicate with a second device different from the first device.
- Example 19 the subject matter of Examples 1-18 can optionally include the first device being a base station of a cellular mobile communication network.
- Example 20 the subject matter of Examples 1-19 can optionally include the second device being a communication terminal and the communication device being configured to provide the second device with a communication connection to the cellular mobile communication network by means of the first transceiver and the second transceiver.
- Example 21 is a method for performing radio communication comprising determining whether a third antenna of a communication device comprising a first antenna, a second antenna and the third antenna is to be used by a first transceiver or a second transceiver of the communication device based on a selection criterion; controlling the first transceiver to communicate using the first antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver; and controlling the second transceiver to communicate using the second antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 22 the subject matter of Example 21 can optionally include the first transceiver communicating according to a first radio access technology and the second transceiver communicating according to a second radio access technology different from the first radio access technology.
- Example 23 the subject matter of Examples 21-22 can optionally include the first transceiver including a first baseband circuit and the second transceiver including a second baseband circuit.
- Example 24 the subject matter of Examples 21-23 can optionally include controlling the first transceiver to communicate using the first antenna and the third antenna and the second transceiver to communicate simultaneously using the second antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and controlling the second transceiver to communicate using the second antenna and the third antenna and the first transceiver to communicate simultaneously using the first antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 25 the subject matter of Examples 21-24 can optionally include determining whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on a quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver and a quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver.
- Example 26 the subject matter of Example 25 can optionally include determining that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver if the quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver is higher than the quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver and to determine that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver if the quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver is higher than the quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver.
- Example 27 the subject matter of Examples 25-26 can optionally include the quality requirement being a throughput requirement or a robustness requirement or a combination of both.
- Example 28 the subject matter of Examples 21-27 can optionally include determining whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on a priority of the communication of the first transceiver and a priority of the communication of the second transceiver.
- Example 29 the subject matter of Examples 21-28 can optionally include determining whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver and based on radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver.
- Example 30 the subject matter of Example 29 can optionally include determining that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver if the radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver are worse than the radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver and determining that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver if the radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver are worse than the radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver.
- Example 31 the subject matter of Examples 21-30 can optionally include controlling the first transceiver to perform a MIMO communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and controlling the second transceiver to perform a MIMO communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 32 the subject matter of Examples 21-31 can optionally include the communication device being a communication terminal.
- Example 33 the subject matter of Examples 21-32 can optionally include the communication device being a subscriber terminal of a mobile cellular radio communication system and the first transceiver being configured to communicate with a base station of the mobile cellular radio communication system.
- Example 34 the subject matter of Examples 21-33 can optionally include the second transceiver being configured to communicate with an access point of a wireless local area network.
- Example 35 the subject matter of Examples 21-34 can optionally include controlling the first transceiver to perform downlink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and controlling the second transceiver to perform downlink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 36 the subject matter of Examples 21-35 can optionally include controlling the first transceiver to perform downlink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna and the second transceiver to simultaneously perform downlink communication using the second antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and controlling the second transceiver to perform downlink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna and the first transceiver to simultaneously perform downlink communication using the first antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- Example 37 the subject matter of Examples 21-36 can optionally include
- Example 38 the subject matter of Examples 21-37 can optionally include the first transceiver communicating with a first device and the second transceiver communicating with a second device different from the first device.
- Example 39 the subject matter of Examples 21-38 can optionally include the first device being a base station of a cellular mobile communication network.
- Example 40 the subject matter of Examples 21-39 can optionally include the second device being a communication terminal and the communication device providing the second device with a communication connection to the cellular mobile communication network by means of the first transceiver and the second transceiver.
- Example 41 is a computer readable medium having recorded instructions thereon which, when executed by a processor, make the processor perform a method for performing radio communication according to any one of Examples 21 to 40.
- an LTE transceiver 102 and a WiFi transceiver 103 share one of the antennas 104 as both RATs can employ MIMO and support high-speed data.
- the approach described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 may also be applied to other RATs like Bluetooth, GPS, UMTS, GSM, etc. and extended to more than one shared antenna.
- FIG. 4 shows a transceiver arrangement 400 .
- the transceiver arrangement 400 includes an LTE transceiver 401 corresponding to the LTE transceiver 102 and a WiFi transceiver 402 corresponding to the WiFi transceiver 103 .
- the transceiver arrangement 400 further includes a first antenna 403 , a second antenna 404 and a third antenna 405 which correspond to the antennas 104 .
- the first antenna 403 is permanently assigned to the LTE transceiver 401
- the second antenna 404 is permanently assigned to the WiFi transceiver 402
- the third antenna 405 is a shared antenna which may be switched between the LTE transceiver 401 and the WiFi transceiver 402 by means of a switch 406 .
- Both transceivers 401 , 402 in this example support 2x2 MIMO (i.e. MIMO with two transmit antennas and two receive antennas) for reception, i.e. for downlink transmission from the base station 105 and the access point 106 to the mobile communication device 101 .
- 2x2 MIMO i.e. MIMO with two transmit antennas and two receive antennas
- the transceiver 401 , 402 which uses only a single antenna has a slightly degraded performance compared to the other transceiver 401 , 402 since it may not use two antennas for MIMO.
- examples are given how a controller of the mobile communication device 101 may decide to which transceiver 401 , 402 the shared antenna 405 is assigned such that that both RATs (i.e. transceivers 401 , 402 ) still can perform well.
- a controller of the mobile communication device 101 switches the shared antenna 405 by means of controlling the switch 406 according to a smart control mechanism which takes various parameters into account.
- the controller can:
- the mobile communication device 101 may perform a high-speed data transfer (such as video streaming) via LTE and the controller may for this switch the shared antenna 405 to LTE.
- RAT in other words which transceiver 401 , 402
- the mobile communication device 101 may perform a high-speed data transfer (such as video streaming) via LTE and the controller may for this switch the shared antenna 405 to LTE.
- the controller could switch the shared antenna 405 to LTE to keep the connection.
- the controller may decide to switch the shared antenna 405 to WLAN, i.e. to the WLAN transceiver 402 .
- c) take parameters not originating from the two RATs into account like:
- the controller may carry out its decision (or determination) also on a combination of the above items and parameters.
- the controller may also carry out its decision depending on whether the transceivers 401 , 402 are idle or have an active connection. For example, instead of both transceivers 401 , 402 having (or establishing) active connections and the controller deciding to which transceiver 401 , 402 the shared antenna 405 should be assigned for the active connections, the controller may also decide to which transceiver 401 , 402 the shared antenna 405 should be assigned in case one or both of the transceivers 401 , 402 are in idle mode. For example, in idle mode typically reception gaps (e.g. in a DRX (discontinuous reception) scheme) are used for a RAT to save power. In this case the controller may switch the shared antenna 405 in a reception gap of one RAT to the other RAT since it is not needed for the RAT with the reception gap.
- DRX discontinuous reception
- the mobile communication device 101 has a VoLTE voice call via LTE and, in parallel, a WiFi connection.
- the controller may differentiate between sporadic WLAN traffic like for browsing and continuous WLAN like for video streaming.
- the controller may consider which transmission schemes the RATs employ. If a RAT (LTE, WLAN etc.) employs e.g. 2x2 MIMO then two antennas are needed for reception to decode the two MIMO streams. However, in practical application the transmission paths of the two antennas may have a high correlation such that only a single MIMO stream may be efficiently supported.
- the mobile communication device 101 may report a parameter like the rank of the MIMO channel matrix to the transmitter (in this case the base station 105 ).
- a rank of 2 indicates that two MIMO streams are possible (with two antennas needed) while a rank of 1 indicates the request for a single MIMO stream which can be decoded with a single antenna with a small performance degradation compared to the usage of two antennas.
- this rank reporting can be used by the mobile communication device 101 to configure the MIMO schemes employed at the transmitters of the RATs.
- the case of an LTE link running with rank 2 and a WLAN link requesting the shared antenna 405 is used.
- the RATs may also be reversed or this may also be applied to other RAT combinations.
- FIG. 5 shows a signal diagram 500 .
- the shared antenna 405 is assigned to LTE and, due to the good LTE radio conditions, the LTE transceiver 401 reports rank 2 to efficiently use the network capacity.
- the WiFi transceiver 402 requests the shared antenna 405 for a long period of unknown length.
- the controller switches the shared antenna 405 back to LTE at a fourth point in time 507 .
- the LTE transceiver 401 measures the real rank of the MIMO channel matrix and then starts reporting the correct rank (1 or 2) at a fifth point in time 508 . For example, in case rank 2 is reported the base station 105 continues transmission using two streams at a sixth point in time 509 .
- the WLAN transmitter 402 only requests the shared antenna 405 , e.g. for short browsing data transfer, for a period with a known short length. This is illustrated in FIG. 6 .
- FIG. 6 shows a signal diagram 600 .
- the shared antenna 405 is assigned to LTE and, due to the good LTE radio conditions, the LTE transceiver 401 reports rank 2 to efficiently use the network capacity.
- the LTE transceiver 401 fakes rank 1 at a first point in time 604 .
- the base station 105 changes the transmission to a rank 1 MIMO transmission at a second point in time 605 , which can be received with a single antenna by the LTE receiver. Only then the antenna is switched to WLAN at a third point in time 606 . After the short time period during which the WiFi transceiver 402 requires the shared antenna 405 , the shared antenna 405 is switched back to LTE at a fourth point in time 607 .
- the LTE transceiver 401 assumes that at the end of the period (when LTE gets back the second antenna) the rank 2 from before is still valid because of an only slowly changing channel and requests the base station 105 to use the rank 2 MIMO transmission scheme already in advance at a fifth point in time 608 .
- This assumption of the previous rank may for example be done based on a threshold for the length of the gap. This threshold may also e.g. be adapted to speed of the mobile communication device 101 , i.e. how fast the channel changes at the mobile communication device 101 .
- the base station 105 continues transmission using two streams at a sixth point in time 609 .
- the shared antenna 405 is used by the second RAT (in this example WiFi) only for a very short time.
- the data of the short usage may also be stored to enable offline processing afterwards, without the need of the antenna being active.
- the overhead of preparing LTE for the switch (e.g. faking rank 1) may be too large compared to the benefit.
- the controller may simply switch the shared antenna 405 for the short time period without informing the LTE transceiver 401 .
- the LTE transceiver 401 in this case experiences a small & short degradation but typically, no severe and long-term effect will be visible because HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) and higher layer retransmissions conceal the impairment. This approach is illustrated in FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 7 shows a signal diagram 700 .
- the shared antenna 405 is assigned to LTE and, due to the good LTE radio conditions, the LTE transceiver 401 reports rank 2 to efficiently use the network capacity.
- the controller switches the shared antenna 705 to the WiFi transceiver 402 .
- the controller decides that, due to the short period during which the shared antenna 705 remains switched to the WiFi transceiver 402 , the LTE transceiver 401 is not informed about this. Accordingly, the LTE transceiver 401 continues to report rank 2.
- the shared antenna 705 is switched back to the LTE transceiver 401 .
- the switch control described above may also be able to control the frequency characterization of the antenna itself. This may be desirable because it may be difficult to create an antenna that covers the full frequency range of both cellular (700 Mhz to 2700 Mhz) and WiFi (2400 Mhz to 5800 Mhz) RATs.
- the controller may use means to cause an antenna to have an extended frequency range using internal switching of capacitor banks—or any other electrical means which is controlled by the same signal that switches the antenna between the WiFi mode and cellular mode.
- tethering there exists a cellular connection (e.g. according to 3G or LTE) of the smartphone to the Internet.
- the smartphone gives access to this Internet connection to another device e.g. via cable, Bluetooth, or WiFi.
- this other device e.g. a tablet, ultrabook, notebook etc.
- this other device which may have no own cellular connection can have Internet access, for example even outside of WiFi coverage.
- a multiple antenna technology such as MIMO (e.g. 2 x 2), TX diversity and RX Diversity may be used.
- MIMO multiple antenna technology
- TX diversity TX diversity
- RX Diversity RX Diversity
- an approach for antenna sharing in a tethering scenario where MIMO is used for data transmission Specifically, in the approach described in the following, a different number of antennas is used for uplink and downlink to reduce the number of antennas in a mobile phone needed for a high-speed tethering scenario.
- FIG. 8 shows a communication arrangement 800 .
- the communication arrangement 800 includes a mobile phone 801 for example corresponding to the mobile communication device 101 , an LTE base station 802 corresponding to the base station 105 and a further communication device 803 .
- the mobile phone 801 includes an LTE transceiver 804 , a WiFi transceiver 805 , a controller 806 (e.g. implemented by an application processor or a control circuit) and antennas 807 , 808 , 809 .
- a first antenna 807 is permanently assigned to LTE
- a second antenna 808 is permanently assigned to WiFi
- a third antenna 809 is a shared antenna which may be switched by the controller 806 between LTE and WiFi.
- the mobile phone 801 (acting as UE (User Equipment) according to LTE) having a LTE 2x2 MIMO (alternatively, this may for example also be 3G/HSDPA MIMO) downlink from the base station 802 for an Internet connection and the mobile phone 801 serving as WiFi access point for tethering to the further device 803 , e.g. a Notebook, with 2x2 MIMO WiFi.
- LTE 2x2 MIMO alternatively, this may for example also be 3G/HSDPA MIMO
- the mobile phone 801 serving as WiFi access point for tethering to the further device 803 , e.g. a Notebook, with 2x2 MIMO WiFi.
- the controller 806 decides to assign the shared antenna 809 to LTE for reception since while the mobile phone 801 only needs to receive a small amount of data from the further device 803 , i.e. has little throughput requirements for WiFi reception, the mobile phone 801 has large throughput requirements for LTE reception.
- the shared antenna 809 is assigned to WiFi since it has a high throughput requirement for WiFi transmission while it has a low throughput requirement for LTE transmission.
- the number of antennas can be reduced from 4 (2 for 2x2 LTE MIMO and 2 for 2x2 WiFi MIMO) to 3, with still each antenna 807 , 808 , 809 serving only one radio technology per direction.
- uplink and downlink are considered separately per radio technology and reception and transmission per antenna.
- the downlink (from the base station 802 to the further device 803 ) requires a much higher data rate (e.g. for HD Video streaming) than the uplink multiple antenna technologies are only applied in the downlink.
- a much higher data rate e.g. for HD Video streaming
- the downlink includes the downlink connections from the base station 802 to the mobile phone 801 and from the mobile phone 801 to the further device 803 .
- the mobile phone 801 is the receiver, while for the tethering downlink connection, i.e. the downlink connections from the mobile phone 801 to the further device 803 , it is the transmitter.
- the mobile phone 801 uses for the cellular downlink connection multiple (here 2) receive antennas, while for the tethering downlink connection the mobile phone 801 uses multiple (here 2) transmit antennas.
- the mobile phone 801 may provide the tethering using only 3 antennas instead of 4 with this kind of smart antenna sharing.
- the antenna transmission and reception signals may be separated by means of circulators 810 .
- Different frequencies for transmission and reception on one antenna may be used in FDD systems and in Carrier Aggregation scenarios the frequencies may be significantly different.
- WiFi and e.g. LTE can operate also on similar bandwidth.
- the approach described with reference to FIG. 8 may also be applied for more antennas and e.g. higher MIMO schemes (4x2, 4x4 etc.).
- the controller 806 may assign antennas taking such effects into account.
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Abstract
Description
- This application claims the benefit of US provisional application No. 61/827,029, filed 24 May 2013, the content of it being hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
- Embodiments described herein generally relate to communication devices and methods for performing radio communication.
- Today's mobile communication devices (such as smartphones, tablets, notebooks etc.) may support multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) like WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network), Bluetooth, GPS (Global Positioning System), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System), LTE (Long Term Evolution) etc. For the reception and transmission of wireless signals using a certain RAT a communication device needs an antenna. For high-data speed or improved reception with technologies like Receive Diversity or Transmit Diversity or MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) even multiple antennas may be needed for a certain RAT, e.g. LTE or WLAN.
- However, the available space in a mobile communication device is typically very limited and often not sufficient to place a higher number of antennas. A reduction of the size of the antennas may not be possible or may be undesirable since it may reduce the antennas' performance significantly. Furthermore, each antenna that is incorporated in a mobile communication device generates additional cost during production of the mobile communication device.
- In the drawings, like reference characters generally refer to the same parts throughout the different views. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead generally being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention. In the following description, various aspects are described with reference to the following drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 shows a communication arrangement. -
FIG. 2 shows a communication device. -
FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram illustrating a method for performing radio communication. -
FIG. 4 shows a transceiver arrangement with an LTE transceiver and a WLAN transceiver sharing an antenna. -
FIG. 5 shows a signal diagram illustrating a scenario in which a shared antenna is switched from LTE to WLAN for a period of unknown length. -
FIG. 6 shows a signal diagram in which a shared antenna is switched from LTE to WLAN for a short period of known length. -
FIG. 7 shows a signal diagram in which a shared antenna is switched from LTE to WLAN for a very short period. -
FIG. 8 shows a communication arrangement in a tethering scenario. - The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings that show, by way of illustration, specific details and aspects of this disclosure in which the invention may be practiced. Other aspects may be utilized and structural, logical, and electrical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. The various aspects of this disclosure are not necessarily mutually exclusive, as some aspects of this disclosure can be combined with one or more other aspects of this disclosure to form new aspects.
-
FIG. 1 shows acommunication arrangement 100. - The
communication arrangement 100 includes a mobile communication device 101 (such as a smartphone, a tablet, a notebooks etc) which supports two (or more) radio access technologies (RATs), in this example LTE (Long Term Evolution) and WiFi (or, in other words, WLAN). For this, themobile communication device 101, also referred to as mobile terminal, includes afirst transceiver 102, in this example an LTE transceiver and asecond transceiver 103, in this example a WiFi transceiver. - The
mobile communication device 101 further comprises a plurality ofantennas 104. By means of one or more of theantennas 104, theLTE transceiver 102 may communicate with anLTE base station 105 and theWiFi transceiver 103 may communicate with a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network)access point 106. - It should be noted that LTE and WiFi are only examples and other RATs may be used such as UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), Bluetooth, GPS (Global Positioning System) etc.
- The RATs, in this example LTE and WiFi may support technologies that require the usage of more than one antenna, for example MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output). To provide both
transceivers - As described in the following, according to one example, a communication device provided in which one or more antennas may be shared between RATs (which each request multiple antennas) by switching it between the RATs in a controlled manner. RATs such as LTE and WiFi typically require multiple antennas only for high-speed data reception or transmission or under bad radio conditions. However, it is unlikely that multiple RATs do a high-speed data reception or transmission at the same time. In case that multiple RATs experience degrading radio conditions a priority decision could be taken which RAT is more important and is assigned a shared antenna.
-
FIG. 2 shows acommunication device 200. - The
communication device 200 comprises afirst antenna 201, asecond antenna 202 and athird antenna 203, afirst transceiver 204 configured to communicate using at least thefirst antenna 201 and asecond transceiver 205 configured to communicate using at least thesecond antenna 202. - The
communication device 200 further comprises acontroller 206 configured to determine whether thethird antenna 203 is to be used by thefirst transceiver 204 or thesecond transceiver 205 based on a selection criterion and configured to control thefirst transceiver 204 to communicate using thefirst antenna 201 and thethird antenna 203 if thecontroller 206 has determined that thethird antenna 203 is to be used by thefirst transceiver 204 and to control thesecond transceiver 205 to communicate using thesecond antenna 202 and thethird antenna 203 if thecontroller 206 has determined that thethird antenna 203 is to be used by thesecond transceiver 205. - In other words, an antenna (in this example the third antenna) may be shared between different transceivers (e.g. operating according to different RATs) in the sense that it is decided based on a certain criterion which transceiver may use the antenna (in addition to the one or more antennas that are assigned to the transceiver anyway). The criterion may for example be based on a required quality of the communication of the first transceiver and the communication of the second transceiver (e.g. a required throughput, robustness, Quality of Service, latency etc.), on a priority of the first transceiver and a priority of the second transceiver and/or the current radio conditions that the transceiver experiences. For example, the transceiver which experiences the worse radio conditions is assigned with the shared antenna. Worse radio conditions may for example mean a higher risk of a lost communication connection or a higher bit error rate or packet error rate, a lower signal-to-noise ratio etc.
- The
communication device 200 for example carries out a method as illustrated inFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram 300. - The flow diagram 300 illustrates a method for performing radio communication, for example carried out by a controller of a communication device.
- In 301, the controller determines whether a third antenna of the communication device which comprises a first antenna, a second antenna and the third antenna is to be used by a first transceiver or a second transceiver of the communication device based on a selection criterion.
- In 302, the controller controls the first transceiver to communicate using the first antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver.
- In 302, the controller controls the second transceiver to communicate using the second antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- The following examples pertain to further embodiments.
- Example 1, as described with respect to
FIG. 2 , is a communication device comprising a first antenna, a second antenna and a third antenna; a first transceiver configured to communicate using at least the first antenna; a second transceiver configured to communicate using at least the second antenna; and a controller configured to determine whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on a selection criterion and configured to control the first transceiver to communicate using the first antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and to control the second transceiver to communicate using the second antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver. - In Example 2, the subject matter of Example 1 can optionally include the first transceiver being configured to communicate according to a first radio access technology and the second transceiver being configured to communicate according to a second radio access technology different from the first radio access technology.
- In Example 3, the subject matter of Examples 1-2 can optionally include the first transceiver including a first baseband circuit and the second transceiver including a second baseband circuit.
- In Example 4, the subject matter of Examples 1-3 can optionally include the controller being configured to control the first transceiver to communicate using the first antenna and the third antenna and the second transceiver to communicate simultaneously using the second antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and to control the second transceiver to communicate using the second antenna and the third antenna and the first transceiver to communicate simultaneously using the first antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- In Example 5, the subject matter of Examples 1-4 can optionally include the controller being configured to determine whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on a quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver and a quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver.
- In Example 6, the subject matter of Example 5 can optionally include the controller being configured to determine that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver if the quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver is higher than the quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver and to determine that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver if the quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver is higher than the quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver.
- In Example 7, the subject matter of Examples 5-6 can optionally include the quality requirement being a throughput requirement or a robustness requirement or a combination of both.
- In Example 8, the subject matter of Examples 1-7 can optionally include the controller being configured to determine whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on a priority of the communication of the first transceiver and a priority of the communication of the second transceiver.
- In Example 9, the subject matter of Examples 1-8 can optionally include the controller being configured to determine whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver and based on radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver.
- In Example 10, the subject matter of Example 9 can optionally include the controller being configured to determine that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver if the radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver are worse than the radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver and to determine that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver if the radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver are worse than the radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver.
- In Example 11, the subject matter of Examples 1-10 can optionally include the controller being configured to control the first transceiver to perform a MIMO communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and to control the second transceiver to perform a MIMO communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- In Example 12, the subject matter of Examples 1-11 can optionally include the communication device being a communication terminal.
- In Example 13, the subject matter of Examples 1-12 can optionally include the communication device being a subscriber terminal of a mobile cellular radio communication system and the first transceiver is configured to communicate with a base station of the mobile cellular radio communication system.
- In Example 14, the subject matter of Examples 1-13 can optionally include the second transceiver being configured to communicate with an access point of a wireless local area network.
- In Example 15, the subject matter of Examples 1-14 can optionally include the controller being configured to control the first transceiver to perform downlink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and to control the second transceiver to perform downlink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- In Example 16, the subject matter of Examples 1-15 can optionally include the controller being configured to control the first transceiver to perform downlink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna and the second transceiver to simultaneously perform downlink communication using the second antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and to control the second transceiver to perform downlink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna and the first transceiver to simultaneously perform downlink communication using the first antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- In Example 17, the subject matter of Examples 1-16 can optionally include the controller being configured
-
- to determine whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver for downlink communication;
- to control the first transceiver to perform downlink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver for downlink communication;
- to control the second transceiver to perform downlink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver for downlink communication;
- to determine whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver for uplink communication;
- to control the first transceiver to perform uplink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver for uplink communication; and
- to control the second transceiver to perform uplink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the controller has determined that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver for uplink communication.
- In Example 18, the subject matter of Examples 1-17 can optionally include the first transceiver being configured to communicate with a first device and the second transceiver being configured to communicate with a second device different from the first device.
- In Example 19, the subject matter of Examples 1-18 can optionally include the first device being a base station of a cellular mobile communication network.
- In Example 20, the subject matter of Examples 1-19 can optionally include the second device being a communication terminal and the communication device being configured to provide the second device with a communication connection to the cellular mobile communication network by means of the first transceiver and the second transceiver.
- Example 21, as described with respect to
FIG. 3 , is a method for performing radio communication comprising determining whether a third antenna of a communication device comprising a first antenna, a second antenna and the third antenna is to be used by a first transceiver or a second transceiver of the communication device based on a selection criterion; controlling the first transceiver to communicate using the first antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver; and controlling the second transceiver to communicate using the second antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver. - In Example 22, the subject matter of Example 21 can optionally include the first transceiver communicating according to a first radio access technology and the second transceiver communicating according to a second radio access technology different from the first radio access technology.
- In Example 23, the subject matter of Examples 21-22 can optionally include the first transceiver including a first baseband circuit and the second transceiver including a second baseband circuit.
- In Example 24, the subject matter of Examples 21-23 can optionally include controlling the first transceiver to communicate using the first antenna and the third antenna and the second transceiver to communicate simultaneously using the second antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and controlling the second transceiver to communicate using the second antenna and the third antenna and the first transceiver to communicate simultaneously using the first antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- In Example 25, the subject matter of Examples 21-24 can optionally include determining whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on a quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver and a quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver.
- In Example 26, the subject matter of Example 25 can optionally include determining that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver if the quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver is higher than the quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver and to determine that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver if the quality requirement of the communication of the second transceiver is higher than the quality requirement of the communication of the first transceiver.
- In Example 27, the subject matter of Examples 25-26 can optionally include the quality requirement being a throughput requirement or a robustness requirement or a combination of both.
- In Example 28, the subject matter of Examples 21-27 can optionally include determining whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on a priority of the communication of the first transceiver and a priority of the communication of the second transceiver.
- In Example 29, the subject matter of Examples 21-28 can optionally include determining whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver based on radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver and based on radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver.
- In Example 30, the subject matter of Example 29 can optionally include determining that the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver if the radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver are worse than the radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver and determining that the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver if the radio conditions of the communication of the second transceiver are worse than the radio conditions of the communication of the first transceiver.
- In Example 31, the subject matter of Examples 21-30 can optionally include controlling the first transceiver to perform a MIMO communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and controlling the second transceiver to perform a MIMO communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- In Example 32, the subject matter of Examples 21-31 can optionally include the communication device being a communication terminal.
- In Example 33, the subject matter of Examples 21-32 can optionally include the communication device being a subscriber terminal of a mobile cellular radio communication system and the first transceiver being configured to communicate with a base station of the mobile cellular radio communication system.
- In Example 34, the subject matter of Examples 21-33 can optionally include the second transceiver being configured to communicate with an access point of a wireless local area network.
- In Example 35, the subject matter of Examples 21-34 can optionally include controlling the first transceiver to perform downlink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and controlling the second transceiver to perform downlink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- In Example 36, the subject matter of Examples 21-35 can optionally include controlling the first transceiver to perform downlink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna and the second transceiver to simultaneously perform downlink communication using the second antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver and controlling the second transceiver to perform downlink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna and the first transceiver to simultaneously perform downlink communication using the first antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver.
- In Example 37, the subject matter of Examples 21-36 can optionally include
-
- determining whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver for downlink communication
- controlling the first transceiver to perform downlink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver for downlink communication
- controlling the second transceiver to perform downlink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver for downlink communication
- determining whether the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver or the second transceiver for uplink communication;
- controlling the first transceiver to perform uplink communication using the first antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the first transceiver for uplink communication; and
- controlling the second transceiver to perform uplink communication using the second antenna and the third antenna if the third antenna is to be used by the second transceiver for uplink communication.
- In Example 38, the subject matter of Examples 21-37 can optionally include the first transceiver communicating with a first device and the second transceiver communicating with a second device different from the first device.
- In Example 39, the subject matter of Examples 21-38 can optionally include the first device being a base station of a cellular mobile communication network.
- In Example 40, the subject matter of Examples 21-39 can optionally include the second device being a communication terminal and the communication device providing the second device with a communication connection to the cellular mobile communication network by means of the first transceiver and the second transceiver.
- Example 41 is a computer readable medium having recorded instructions thereon which, when executed by a processor, make the processor perform a method for performing radio communication according to any one of Examples 21 to 40.
- In the following, a detailed example is described with reference to the
communication arrangement 100 shown inFIG. 1 , i.e. in which anLTE transceiver 102 and aWiFi transceiver 103 share one of theantennas 104 as both RATs can employ MIMO and support high-speed data. The approach described with reference toFIGS. 2 and 3 may also be applied to other RATs like Bluetooth, GPS, UMTS, GSM, etc. and extended to more than one shared antenna. -
FIG. 4 shows atransceiver arrangement 400. - The
transceiver arrangement 400 includes anLTE transceiver 401 corresponding to theLTE transceiver 102 and aWiFi transceiver 402 corresponding to theWiFi transceiver 103. Thetransceiver arrangement 400 further includes afirst antenna 403, asecond antenna 404 and athird antenna 405 which correspond to theantennas 104. In this example, thefirst antenna 403 is permanently assigned to theLTE transceiver 401, thesecond antenna 404 is permanently assigned to theWiFi transceiver 402 and thethird antenna 405 is a shared antenna which may be switched between theLTE transceiver 401 and theWiFi transceiver 402 by means of aswitch 406. Bothtransceivers base station 105 and theaccess point 106 to themobile communication device 101. - The
transceiver other transceiver mobile communication device 101 may decide to whichtransceiver antenna 405 is assigned such that that both RATs (i.e. transceivers 401, 402) still can perform well. - For example, a controller of the
mobile communication device 101 switches the sharedantenna 405 by means of controlling theswitch 406 according to a smart control mechanism which takes various parameters into account. For example the controller can: - a) detect which RAT (in other words which transceiver 401, 402) requires the higher data rate and assign the shared antenna to this RAT (i.e. the corresponding
transceiver 401, 402). If themobile communication device 101 has an active WLAN (i.e. WiFi) connection e.g. when its user is at home or at work typically the WLAN connection provides a higher data rate than an LTE connection and themobile communication device 101 typically uses the WLAN connection, e.g. for video streaming. When themobile communication device 101 leaves WLAN coverage and for example scans for an accessible WLAN, it may perform a high-speed data transfer (such as video streaming) via LTE and the controller may for this switch the sharedantenna 405 to LTE.
b) detect that a certain RAT is in degrading radio conditions and assign the sharedantenna 405 to this RAT to improve the reception performance of this RAT to keep the corresponding communication connection (i.e. to avoid a connection loss). For example, in the basement of a house the WLAN radio conditions may still be good (perhaps with an WLAN hot spot or repeater) but due to the walls the LTE reception may be degraded and close to a connection loss. In this case, the controller could switch the sharedantenna 405 to LTE to keep the connection. On the other hand, when the user leaves his home (or the office or goes in the back of his garden) with hismobile communication device 101 the LTE coverage may be good but the reception of his WLAN may degrade and the controller may decide to switch the sharedantenna 405 to WLAN, i.e. to theWLAN transceiver 402.
c) take parameters not originating from the two RATs into account like: -
- The traffic types generated by the user like browsing, streaming, voice call, file download and their routing/distribution to the RATs.
- User preference (e.g. configured in a menu, possibly with different thresholds like “neutral”, “small preference for
RAT base station 105 belongs) or the device manufacturer of themobile communication device 101, e.g. based on their wishes or capabilities regarding WLAN off-loading. - Location information (provided by a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), WLAN IDs, LTE cell IDs etc.) which might e.g. indicate that WLANs preferred by the user (e.g. a home WLAN, or an office WLAN etc.) are nearby or indicate a location with known bad LTE coverage.
- Information (such as the information given in the items above) based e.g. on a historic collection of the
mobile communication device 101, on a central database or on some other information available in the mobile communication device like calendar entries indicating a location.
d) take into account the request of atransceiver transceiver antenna 405 to theother transceiver
- The controller may carry out its decision (or determination) also on a combination of the above items and parameters.
- The controller may also carry out its decision depending on whether the
transceivers transceivers transceiver antenna 405 should be assigned for the active connections, the controller may also decide to whichtransceiver antenna 405 should be assigned in case one or both of thetransceivers antenna 405 in a reception gap of one RAT to the other RAT since it is not needed for the RAT with the reception gap. - As further example is described in the following. It is assumed that the
mobile communication device 101 has a VoLTE voice call via LTE and, in parallel, a WiFi connection. In this case, the controller may differentiate between sporadic WLAN traffic like for browsing and continuous WLAN like for video streaming. -
- For sporadic (e.g. browsing) traffic the controller may for example assign the shared
antenna 405 to thefirst transceiver 401, in other words the VoLTE voice call. The controller may for example switch the sharedantenna 405 for short a time period to thesecond transceiver 402 for the sporadic WLAN traffic. After this time periods, the controller switches theantenna 405 back to LTE for an efficient use of the network capacity. - With a high-rate video streaming via WiFi, for example, the controller may assign the shared antenna to the
WiFi transmitter 402 as the low rate VoLTE call can be supported by a single antenna in good radio conditions. However, if the controller detects bad LTE radio conditions it may decide to switch the shared antenna to LTE to avoid a call drop by the enhanced reception offered by the diversity achieved when using a plurality of antennas, to e.g. ensure that the call kept on LTE or is properly handed over to another communication network, e.g. a 2G or 3G communication network.
- For sporadic (e.g. browsing) traffic the controller may for example assign the shared
- When switching antennas between RATs the controller may consider which transmission schemes the RATs employ. If a RAT (LTE, WLAN etc.) employs e.g. 2x2 MIMO then two antennas are needed for reception to decode the two MIMO streams. However, in practical application the transmission paths of the two antennas may have a high correlation such that only a single MIMO stream may be efficiently supported. To control the transmission the
mobile communication device 101 may report a parameter like the rank of the MIMO channel matrix to the transmitter (in this case the base station 105). A rank of 2 indicates that two MIMO streams are possible (with two antennas needed) while a rank of 1 indicates the request for a single MIMO stream which can be decoded with a single antenna with a small performance degradation compared to the usage of two antennas. - In the following an example is given how this rank reporting can be used by the
mobile communication device 101 to configure the MIMO schemes employed at the transmitters of the RATs. As an example, the case of an LTE link running withrank 2 and a WLAN link requesting the sharedantenna 405 is used. The RATs may also be reversed or this may also be applied to other RAT combinations. - First, a scenario is assumed in which the
mobile communication device 101 has a VoLTE voice call via LTE and, in parallel, performs video streaming via WiFi. It is assumed that the radio conditions for LTE are good. The flow is illustrated inFIG. 5 . -
FIG. 5 shows a signal diagram 500. - In the signal diagram 500, time flows from left to right and the assignment of the shared
antenna 405 is shown in afirst sub-diagram 501, the MIMO channel matrix rank reported by theLTE transceiver 401 is shown in asecond sub-diagram 502 and the MIMO channel matrix rank used by the base station 105 (i.e. the number of streams transmitted) is shown in athird sub-diagram 503. - At first, the shared
antenna 405 is assigned to LTE and, due to the good LTE radio conditions, theLTE transceiver 401 reports rank 2 to efficiently use the network capacity. - At the start of the video stream the
WiFi transceiver 402 requests the sharedantenna 405 for a long period of unknown length. - Before the shared
antenna 405 is switched to WLAN the LTE fakes rank 1 in its report to thebase station 105 starting on a first point intime 504 so that thebase station 105 changes the transmission to arank 1 MIMO transmission at a second point intime 505, which can be received with a single antenna by the LTE receiver. Only then the antenna is switched to WLAN at a third point intime 505. - When the Video stream stops and the
WLAN transceiver 402 releases (i.e. no longer uses) the sharedantenna 405, the controller switches the sharedantenna 405 back to LTE at a fourth point intime 507. TheLTE transceiver 401 then measures the real rank of the MIMO channel matrix and then starts reporting the correct rank (1 or 2) at a fifth point intime 508. For example, incase rank 2 is reported thebase station 105 continues transmission using two streams at a sixth point intime 509. - As second example, a scenario is assumed in which the
WLAN transmitter 402 only requests the sharedantenna 405, e.g. for short browsing data transfer, for a period with a known short length. This is illustrated inFIG. 6 . -
FIG. 6 shows a signal diagram 600. - In the signal diagram 600, time flows from left to right and the assignment of the shared
antenna 405 is shown in afirst sub-diagram 601, the MIMO channel matrix rank reported by theLTE transceiver 401 is shown in asecond sub-diagram 602 and the MIMO channel matrix rank used by the base station 105 (i.e. the number of streams transmitted) is shown in athird sub-diagram 603. - At first, the shared
antenna 405 is assigned to LTE and, due to the good LTE radio conditions, theLTE transceiver 401 reports rank 2 to efficiently use the network capacity. - As in the first scenario described with reference to
FIG. 5 , theLTE transceiver 401 fakes rank 1 at a first point intime 604. Thebase station 105 changes the transmission to arank 1 MIMO transmission at a second point intime 605, which can be received with a single antenna by the LTE receiver. Only then the antenna is switched to WLAN at a third point in time 606. After the short time period during which theWiFi transceiver 402 requires the sharedantenna 405, the sharedantenna 405 is switched back to LTE at a fourth point intime 607. - In contrast to the first scenario described with reference to
FIG. 5 , due to the short time period during which LTE does not have the sharedantenna 405, theLTE transceiver 401 assumes that at the end of the period (when LTE gets back the second antenna) therank 2 from before is still valid because of an only slowly changing channel and requests thebase station 105 to use therank 2 MIMO transmission scheme already in advance at a fifth point intime 608. This assumption of the previous rank may for example be done based on a threshold for the length of the gap. This threshold may also e.g. be adapted to speed of themobile communication device 101, i.e. how fast the channel changes at themobile communication device 101. - According to the request by the
LTE transceiver 401, thebase station 105 continues transmission using two streams at a sixth point intime 609. - It should be noted that if LTE is already using
rank 1 then the faking ofrank 1 in the examples described with reference toFIGS. 5 and 6 is not needed. Furthermore, if the scenario changes in between (e.g. if the LTE connection ends), then only the first or the second part of the schemes as described with respect toFIGS. 5 and 6 may be used. - There may be also scenarios where the shared
antenna 405 is used by the second RAT (in this example WiFi) only for a very short time. This could be e.g. short tracking measurements by a GPS/GNSS module after it has an acquisition or short quality measurements by WiFi. The data of the short usage may also be stored to enable offline processing afterwards, without the need of the antenna being active. - For such very short antenna switches the overhead of preparing LTE for the switch (e.g. faking rank 1) may be too large compared to the benefit.
- In such a case the controller may simply switch the shared
antenna 405 for the short time period without informing theLTE transceiver 401. TheLTE transceiver 401 in this case experiences a small & short degradation but typically, no severe and long-term effect will be visible because HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) and higher layer retransmissions conceal the impairment. This approach is illustrated inFIG. 7 . -
FIG. 7 shows a signal diagram 700. - In the signal diagram 700, time flows from left to right and the assignment of the shared
antenna 405 is shown in afirst sub-diagram 701 and the MIMO channel matrix rank reported by theLTE transceiver 401 is shown in asecond sub-diagram 702. - At first, the shared
antenna 405 is assigned to LTE and, due to the good LTE radio conditions, theLTE transceiver 401 reports rank 2 to efficiently use the network capacity. - At a first point in
time 703 the controller switches the shared antenna 705 to theWiFi transceiver 402. The controller decides that, due to the short period during which the shared antenna 705 remains switched to theWiFi transceiver 402, theLTE transceiver 401 is not informed about this. Accordingly, theLTE transceiver 401 continues to reportrank 2. At a second point intime 704, the shared antenna 705 is switched back to theLTE transceiver 401. - The switch control described above may also be able to control the frequency characterization of the antenna itself. This may be desirable because it may be difficult to create an antenna that covers the full frequency range of both cellular (700 Mhz to 2700 Mhz) and WiFi (2400 Mhz to 5800 Mhz) RATs. The controller may use means to cause an antenna to have an extended frequency range using internal switching of capacitor banks—or any other electrical means which is controlled by the same signal that switches the antenna between the WiFi mode and cellular mode.
- In the following, a further example is described. One typical application for a smartphone is tethering. With tethering there exists a cellular connection (e.g. according to 3G or LTE) of the smartphone to the Internet. The smartphone gives access to this Internet connection to another device e.g. via cable, Bluetooth, or WiFi. Thus, this other device (e.g. a tablet, ultrabook, notebook etc.) which may have no own cellular connection can have Internet access, for example even outside of WiFi coverage.
- For applications like HDTV/Video streaming very high data rates are required. To achieve a high data rate, a multiple antenna technology such as MIMO (e.g. 2 x2), TX diversity and RX Diversity may be used. In the following, an approach for antenna sharing in a tethering scenario where MIMO is used for data transmission. Specifically, in the approach described in the following, a different number of antennas is used for uplink and downlink to reduce the number of antennas in a mobile phone needed for a high-speed tethering scenario.
-
FIG. 8 shows acommunication arrangement 800. - The
communication arrangement 800 includes amobile phone 801 for example corresponding to themobile communication device 101, anLTE base station 802 corresponding to thebase station 105 and afurther communication device 803. - The
mobile phone 801 includes anLTE transceiver 804, aWiFi transceiver 805, a controller 806 (e.g. implemented by an application processor or a control circuit) andantennas first antenna 807 is permanently assigned to LTE, asecond antenna 808 is permanently assigned to WiFi and athird antenna 809 is a shared antenna which may be switched by thecontroller 806 between LTE and WiFi. - In this example, there is a high-speed tethering scenario with the mobile phone 801 (acting as UE (User Equipment) according to LTE) having a LTE 2x2 MIMO (alternatively, this may for example also be 3G/HSDPA MIMO) downlink from the
base station 802 for an Internet connection and themobile phone 801 serving as WiFi access point for tethering to thefurther device 803, e.g. a Notebook, with 2x2 MIMO WiFi. - In this example, the
controller 806 decides to assign the sharedantenna 809 to LTE for reception since while themobile phone 801 only needs to receive a small amount of data from thefurther device 803, i.e. has little throughput requirements for WiFi reception, themobile phone 801 has large throughput requirements for LTE reception. - However, for transmission, the shared
antenna 809 is assigned to WiFi since it has a high throughput requirement for WiFi transmission while it has a low throughput requirement for LTE transmission. - Thus, there is antenna sharing between the cellular link (i.e. the communication connection between the
base station 802 and the mobile phone 801) and the tethering link (i.e. the communication connection between thefurther communication device 803 and the mobile phone 801). Thus, the number of antennas can be reduced from 4 (2 for 2x2 LTE MIMO and 2 for 2x2 WiFi MIMO) to 3, with still eachantenna - Specifically, as the downlink (from the
base station 802 to the further device 803) requires a much higher data rate (e.g. for HD Video streaming) than the uplink multiple antenna technologies are only applied in the downlink. - For the scenario of
FIG. 8 , the downlink includes the downlink connections from thebase station 802 to themobile phone 801 and from themobile phone 801 to thefurther device 803. For the cellular downlink connection, i.e. the downlink connection from thebase station 105 to themobile phone 801, themobile phone 801 is the receiver, while for the tethering downlink connection, i.e. the downlink connections from themobile phone 801 to thefurther device 803, it is the transmitter. Accordingly, themobile phone 801 uses for the cellular downlink connection multiple (here 2) receive antennas, while for the tethering downlink connection themobile phone 801 uses multiple (here 2) transmit antennas. Considering that for both connections at least one antenna for the reverse (i.e. uplink) direction is needed, themobile phone 801 may provide the tethering using only 3 antennas instead of 4 with this kind of smart antenna sharing. - The antenna transmission and reception signals may be separated by means of
circulators 810. Different frequencies for transmission and reception on one antenna may be used in FDD systems and in Carrier Aggregation scenarios the frequencies may be significantly different. WiFi and e.g. LTE can operate also on similar bandwidth. - The approach described with reference to
FIG. 8 may also be applied for more antennas and e.g. higher MIMO schemes (4x2, 4x4 etc.). Further, there may be a matrix connection between theLTE transceiver 804 and theWiFi transceiver 805 and theantennas controller 806 may flexibly optimize whichantenna controller 806 may assign antennas taking such effects into account. - While specific aspects have been described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the aspects of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims. The scope is thus indicated by the appended claims and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced.
Claims (20)
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Also Published As
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JP2014230279A (en) | 2014-12-08 |
US11005544B2 (en) | 2021-05-11 |
JP5789033B2 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
CN104185230A (en) | 2014-12-03 |
DE102014104197A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
CN105846881B (en) | 2020-07-28 |
CN105846881A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
US20160301456A1 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
CN104185230B (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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