US20140215953A1 - Solar panel mounting stand installation method, pile and solar panel mounting stand - Google Patents
Solar panel mounting stand installation method, pile and solar panel mounting stand Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20140215953A1 US20140215953A1 US14/171,058 US201414171058A US2014215953A1 US 20140215953 A1 US20140215953 A1 US 20140215953A1 US 201414171058 A US201414171058 A US 201414171058A US 2014215953 A1 US2014215953 A1 US 2014215953A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pile
- solar panel
- panel mounting
- piles
- mounting stand
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- F24J2/5232—
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/10—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface
- F24S25/12—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface using posts in combination with upper profiles
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- F24J2/525—
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/60—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/61—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules for fixing to the ground or to building structures
- F24S25/617—Elements driven into the ground, e.g. anchor-piles; Foundations for supporting elements; Connectors for connecting supporting structures to the ground or to flat horizontal surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
- F24S2025/014—Methods for installing support elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of installing a solar panel mounting stand for mounting solar power generation panels (hereinafter, referred to as “solar panels”) to generate electric power by means of sunlight, piles preferably used therefor, and solar panel mounting stands using the piles.
- solar panels solar power generation panels
- a solar panel mounting stand uses, for example, a concrete foundation as a base.
- a concrete foundation as a base.
- cost and labor required for the installation of solar panel mounting stands are enormous.
- Patent document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2003-69062
- a main objective of the present invention is to provide a method of installing a solar panel mounting stand capable of significantly reducing the cost and labor to install solar panel mounting stands and also provide piles preferably used therefor.
- piles used for civil engineering work are driven into the ground (spiral piles are screwed into the ground).
- the inventors of the present invention have devised the present invention as the result of an alternative way of thinking about piles beyond what is commonly known. That is, they disregarded the common understanding that “piles are driven into the ground” and conceived an idea of “placing piles” which means that piles are placed in the ground instead of being driven into the ground.
- piles are used as supporting legs of a solar panel mounting stand, simply placing the piles in the ground will not withstand the lifting force generated by the application of wind pressure.
- the inventors of the present invention have realized that a requirement for the solar panel mounting stand is to maintain the condition in which the solar panel mounting stand is securely fixed (immobilized) when a lifting force is generated due to wind pressure imposed on the solar panels, rather than the mechanical strength that supports the weight of the solar panels; and the inventors have focused attention on the piles used as supporting legs and devised the present invention.
- preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.
- a first aspect of the present invention provides a method of installing a solar panel mounting stand using a pile as a supporting leg, the pile including: a columnar pile body, at least a lower end side thereof being buried in the soil when a solar panel mounting stand equipped with a plurality of supporting legs is installed on the ground; and a non-spiral-shaped projecting portion provided at a lower end of the pile body in a state projected in a radial direction of the pile body—and configured to inhibit a pull-off of the pile body under a load of the soil when the lower end side of the pile body is embedded in the soil;
- the method including:
- a second step of installing the plurality of piles at the installation site by supporting the plurality of piles in a state of being relatively aligned, using a pile installation structure, and while maintaining such a supporting state, transporting the plurality of piles to the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand integrally with the pile installation structure, and placing the projecting portions, which are formed at lower ends of the plurality of piles, on the installation scheduled surface corresponding to each projecting portion, and thereafter refilling the installation site with soil;
- a second aspect of the present invention provides a solar panel mounting stand installation method according to the first aspect, wherein in the second step, the pile installation structure supporting the plurality of piles, is hoisted by a crane and transported to the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand.
- a third aspect of the present invention provides a pile used as a supporting leg when a solar panel mounting stand equipped with a plurality of supporting legs is installed, including:
- the projecting portion is configured to inhibit a pull-off of the pile body under a load of the soil when the lower end side of the pile body is embedded in the soil.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention provides the pile according to the third aspect, wherein the projecting portion is formed into a plate-like shape having a larger external size than an outer diameter of the pile body.
- a sixth aspect of the present invention provides a solar panel mounting stand equipped with a plurality of supporting legs, wherein
- a pile is used as a supporting leg, said pile comprising:
- a non-spiral-shaped projecting portion provided at a lower end of the pile body in a state projected in a radial direction of the pile body, and configured to inhibit a pull-off of the pile body under a load of the soil when the lower end side of the pile body is embedded in the soil.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a pile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is a front view showing a configuration example of a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a configuration example of a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a side view showing a configuration example of a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a panel supporting rack (triangular rack).
- FIG. 8 is a front view showing a configuration example of the structure for pile installation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a configuration example of the structure for pile installation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a side view showing a configuration example of the structure for pile installation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 illustrates the configuration of the connecting fitting.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram (part 1 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram (part 2 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram (part 3 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram (part 4 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram (part 5 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram (part 6 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram (part 7 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram (part 8 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram (part 9 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram (part 10 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram (part 11 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram (part 12 ) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a front view showing solar panels mounted to a solar panel mounting stand.
- FIG. 25 is a side view showing solar panels mounted to a solar panel mounting stand.
- FIGS. 26A , 26 B, 26 C AND 26 D show specific structural examples where respective members are fastened by bolts and nuts.
- FIG. 27 illustrates an adverse condition occurring when piles are driven into the undulating ground.
- FIG. 28 illustrates the superior condition in which piles according to this embodiment are installed in the undulating ground.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a pile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG. 1 .
- the pile 1 shown in the drawing, roughly comprises a pile body 2 , a projecting portion 3 , and a coupling portion 4 .
- the pile body 2 is entirely formed into a column.
- the cross section of the pile body 2 is circular.
- the pile body 2 can be formed, for example, by using a straight steel pipe (single pipe, etc.).
- the length of the pile body 2 is specified, for example, within a range between 2 m and 4 m by taking into account the length that is buried in the ground (in the soil) and the length that protrudes above the ground.
- the outer diameter of the pile body 2 is specified, for example, within a range of 40 mm or more and 60 mm or less by taking into account the load applied to the pile body 2 .
- the projecting portion 3 is provided at the lower end of the pile body 2 in the longitudinal direction of the pile body 2 .
- the lower end of the pile body 2 is the end that is disposed downward when the pile 1 is installed in the ground.
- the projecting portion 3 is provided such that it projects in the radial direction of the pile body 2 .
- the projecting portion 3 has the external size that is larger than the outer diameter of the pile body 2 .
- the projecting portion 3 is formed into a non-spirally shape. In this embodiment, as an example of a non-spirally shape, the projecting portion 3 is formed into a flat plate.
- the pile 1 is not intended to be driven or screwed into the ground for the installation.
- this pile is completely different from other known piles. That is, normally, the lower end of the pile is formed into a thin conical shape to facilitate piling into the ground, or a spiral-shaped portion is provided at the tip of the pile to enable the pile to be screwed into the ground; however, in this embodiment, the lower end of the pile body 2 is equipped with a projecting portion 3 shaped such that it hinders the pile from being driven or screwed into the ground.
- the projecting portion 3 can be formed using a square steel plate, for example.
- the aforementioned pile body 2 is disposed at the central part of the projecting portion 3 when viewed from the direction of the central axis of the pile 1 .
- the projecting portion 3 is, for example, fixed to the lower end of the pile body 2 by welding or a similar means.
- surfaces 3 a and 3 b of the projecting portion 3 one surface 3 a is disposed upward and the other surface 3 b is disposed downward when the pile 1 is installed.
- one surface (hereinafter, also referred to as the “upper surface”) 3 a of the projecting portion 3 is the surface that receives the load (weight pressure) of the soil
- the other surface (hereinafter, also referred to as the “lower surface”) 3 b is the surface that comes in contact with (contacts) the ground at the scheduled installation site described later.
- the coupling portion 4 is provided at the upper end of the pile body 2 in the longitudinal direction of the pile body 2 .
- the upper end of the pile body 2 is the end that is disposed upward when the pile 1 is installed in the ground.
- the coupling portion 4 is provided so as to mount a member (described later), which serves as a framework of the solar panel mounting stand, to the pile 1 .
- the coupling portion 4 is provided such that a square steel plate is fixed to the upper end of the pile body 2 by welding or a similar means.
- the coupling portion 4 is disposed so that it is opposite of the projecting portion 3 with the pile body 2 interposed. Furthermore, at both ends of the pile body 2 , the coupling portion 4 and the projecting portion 3 are disposed parallel.
- the coupling portion 4 is provided such that it projects in the radial direction of the pile body 2 .
- the projecting portion 3 of the coupling portion 4 has four through-holes 4 a .
- Each through-hole 4 a is provided at each corner of the coupling portion 4 .
- the external size of the coupling portion 4 is smaller than the external size of the projecting portion 3 .
- the external size of the coupling portion 4 is specified such that the length of one side is, for example, within a range of 150 mm or more and 200 mm or less
- the external size of the projecting portion 3 is specified such that the length of one side is, for example, within a range of 300 mm or more and 600 mm or less.
- the thickness of the projecting portion 3 and the coupling portion 4 is each specified, for example, within a range of 4 mm or more and 8 mm or less.
- the surface of the pile 1 is rustproofed by means of molten zinc plating, etc.
- FIG. 4 is a front view showing a configuration example of a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a plan view
- FIG. 6 is a side view of the same.
- the inverted triangle mark in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 indicates the assumed surface of the ground on which the solar panel mounting stand 10 is to be installed.
- the solar panel mounting stand 10 shown in the drawing, roughly comprises a plurality of supporting legs 11 to serve as members that form the foundation of the mounting rack, and a plurality of panel supporting racks 12 , a plurality of beam members 13 , a plurality of brace members 14 , 15 , and 16 , and a plurality of panel receiving members 17 to serve as members that form the framework of the mounting rack.
- one solar panel mounting stand 10 is made up of six supporting legs 11 , three panel supporting racks 12 , two beam members 13 , three brace members 14 , 15 , and 16 , and twelve panel receiving members 17 .
- each member is rustproofed (e.g., molten zinc plating for steel members).
- Supporting legs 11 form the foundation of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- the supporting leg 11 is constituted using the aforementioned pile 1 . That is, the supporting leg 11 integrates the aforementioned pile body 2 , projecting portion 3 , and the coupling portion 4 .
- the lower end of each supporting leg 11 is buried in the ground.
- the panel supporting rack 12 is a triangular rack (triangle rack) that obliquely supports solar panels.
- the panel supporting rack 12 is mounted onto the aforementioned supporting legs 11 .
- the solar panels are mounted to the solar panel mounting stand 10 in such a way that they are inclined at a predetermined angle (e.g., about 30 degrees) with regard to the horizontal plane that is perpendicular to the vertical plane (hereinafter, referred to as the “horizontal plane”). Therefore, the panel supporting rack 12 forms a right triangle having the oblique side that corresponds to the solar panel installation angle.
- the panel supporting rack 12 is made up of three members that form a right triangle. In this embodiment, as a preferred example, as shown in FIG.
- the three members are made of steel (e.g., channel steel) 12 a , 12 b , and 12 c , and the steel members 12 a , 12 b , and 12 c are fixed to one another by welding or a similar means, thereby forming an integrated panel supporting rack 12 .
- steel e.g., channel steel
- the steel member 12 a forms the base of a right triangle
- the steel member 12 b forms the vertical side of the right triangle
- the steel member 12 c forms the oblique side of the right triangle.
- the “base” described herein is the horizontally located side when the panel supporting rack 12 is mounted onto the aforementioned supporting legs 11
- the “vertical side” is the vertically (perpendicularly) located side when the panel supporting rack 12 is mounted onto the supporting legs 11
- the “oblique side” is the “side opposite to the right angle”, as mathematically defined, which is obliquely located when the panel supporting rack 12 is mounted onto the supporting legs 11 .
- the lower-level end of the steel member 12 c protrudes such that it obliquely extends downward beyond the end of the steel member 12 a .
- the upper-level end of the steel member 12 c protrudes such that it obliquely extends upward beyond the upper end of the steel member 12 b.
- One end of the steel member 12 a is equipped with a mounting plate 18 , and the other end oppositely located is also equipped with another mounting plate 18 .
- Respective mounting plates 18 are used to mount a panel supporting rack 12 onto two supporting legs 11 that are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- the two mounting plates 18 are disposed in the longitudinal direction of the steel member 12 a at a predetermined distance (the same distance as the clearance between two piles 1 that are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 ).
- the mounting plate 18 is made of a flat steel plate that is shaped to fit the external size of the aforementioned coupling portion 4 .
- the mounting plate 18 and the coupling portion 4 are each made of a plate-like member of the same external size, positioning becomes easy when mounting the panel supporting rack 12 onto the piles 1 .
- the mounting plate 18 has four through-holes that have the same positional relationships as the holes in the coupling portion 4 . Therefore, when the mounting plate 18 is placed on top of the aforementioned coupling portion 4 , the corresponding through-holes are disposed concentrically (ideal state).
- a mounting plate 18 is fixed to the lower surface of the steel member 12 a by welding or a similar means.
- another mounting plate 18 is fixed to the lower surface of the steel member 12 a and also to the lower end of the steel member 12 b by welding or a similar means.
- the steel member 12 b has through-holes (not shown) to mount brace members 14 and 15
- the steel member 12 c has through-holes (not shown) to mount beam members 13 .
- the beam member 13 is mounted so that it connects together three panel supporting racks 12 .
- the beam member 13 can be formed using a long steel member (e.g., lip groove steel), for example. Both ends of the beam member 13 are disposed such that they protrude outward from respective panel supporting racks 12 (lateral to the solar panel mounting stand 10 ). Respective beam members 13 are disposed parallel in the longitudinal direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- One beam member 13 is fixed to the upper-level end of the steel member 12 c of the panel supporting rack 12 by using bolts and nuts.
- the other beam member 13 is fixed to the lower-level end of the steel member 12 c by using bolts and nuts.
- Brace members 14 and 15 are designed to mainly inhibit a solar panel mounting stand 10 from rocking in the longitudinal direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- the brace member 14 is mounted such that it connects together respective steel members 12 b of the central panel supporting rack 12 and the one-end side panel supporting rack 12 , among three panel supporting racks 12 disposed in the longitudinal direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- the brace member 15 is mounted such that it connects together respective steel members 12 b of the central panel supporting rack 12 and the the-other-end side panel supporting rack 12 .
- Those brace members 14 and 15 are disposed such that they form a mountain shape when the solar panel mounting stand 10 is viewed from the front.
- the brace member 14 is obliquely disposed from the central panel supporting rack 12 to the one-end side panel supporting rack 12 so that it becomes gradually inclined; and the brace member 15 is obliquely disposed from the central panel supporting rack 12 to the the-other-end side panel supporting rack 12 so that it becomes gradually inclined.
- the brace members 14 and 15 can be formed using long steel members (e.g., L-shaped steel), for example. One end and the other end of respective brace members 14 and 15 are fixed to the steel members 12 b of the corresponding panel supporting racks 12 by using bolts and nuts, for example.
- the brace member 16 is designed to mainly inhibit the solar panel mounting stand 10 from rocking in the lateral direction.
- the brace member 16 is mounted such that it connects together two supporting legs 11 that support from below the central panel supporting rack 12 .
- the brace member 16 is disposed such that it is inclined in the same direction as the steel member 12 c of the panel supporting rack 12 . Therefore, the brace member 16 is obliquely disposed so that it becomes gradually inclined from the back to the front when the solar panel mounting stand 10 is viewed from the front.
- the brace member 16 can be formed, for example, by using the same steel (e.g., L-shaped steel) as the aforementioned brace members 14 and 15 .
- One end and the other end of the brace member 16 are fixed to the corresponding supporting legs 11 by using bolts and nuts, for example.
- Panel receiving members 17 hold and support solar panels.
- a solar panel is equipped with a frame member made of aluminum, etc., for example, and the frame member can be mounted to the panel receiving members 17 by using bolts and nuts, for example.
- the panel receiving member 17 can be formed using a long steel member (e.g., lip groove steel), for example.
- a plurality of panel receiving members 17 are mounted in the longitudinal direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 at appropriate intervals.
- the panel receiving members 17 are mounted such that they extend across two beam members 13 .
- the panel receiving member 17 is inclined with regard to the horizontal plane.
- the inclined angle of the panel receiving member 17 is the same as that of the steel member 12 c of the panel supporting rack 12 .
- One end of the panel receiving member 17 protrudes obliquely upward beyond the beam member 13 located below on the upper-level side.
- the other end of the panel receiving member 17 protrudes obliquely downward beyond the beam member 13 located below on the lower-level side.
- Intervals among panel receiving members 17 that are adjacent to one another in the longitudinal direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 are determined corresponding to the mounting holes provided in the frame member of the solar panels.
- solar panels are designed to be disposed (laid) in a reticular pattern using a plurality of panel receiving members 17 .
- FIG. 8 is a front view showing a configuration example of the structure for pile installation according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 9 is a plan view
- FIG. 10 is a side view of the same.
- the structure 20 Upon installation of the solar panel mounting stand 10 on the ground, the structure 20 , shown in the drawing, is designed to be used to install a plurality of piles 1 that serve as supporting legs 11 of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- the structure 20 roughly comprises a plurality of lower-tier transverse beams 21 , a plurality of supporting posts 22 , a plurality of upper-tier transverse beams 23 , and one vertical beam 24 .
- one structure 20 comprises three lower-tier transverse beams 21 , six supporting posts 22 , three upper-tier transverse beams 23 , and one vertical beam 24 .
- the number, dimensions and arrangement of the members can be changed according to the number and arrangement of the piles 1 to be supported.
- the lower-tier transverse beam 21 can be formed by using I-shaped steel, for example.
- Plate-like connecting fittings 25 are provided respectively on both ends of the lower-tier transverse beam 21 in the longitudinal direction.
- the connecting fittings 25 are detachably connected to the piles 1 .
- Respective connecting fittings 25 are fixed to the lower surface of the lower-tier transverse beam 21 by welding or a similar means. A part of the connecting fitting 25 protrudes from the lower-tier transverse beam 21 , and a notched portion 26 , as shown in FIG. 11 , is formed on the protruding portion.
- a notched portion 26 is formed on the protruding portion.
- the portion within the broken line represented by number 21 indicates the welded portion that connects the connecting fitting 25 to the lower-tier transverse beam 21 .
- the notched portion 26 allows the connecting fitting 25 to be mounted on and detached from a pile 1 .
- Notched portions 26 of respective connecting fittings 25 are disposed in the same direction (one direction) in the longitudinal direction of the vertical beam 24 .
- One side of the notched portion 26 (open side) is wide open so that it can easily direct the pile 1 to the back side of the notched portion 26 .
- the connecting fitting 25 has two through-holes 27 . Those through-holes 27 are disposed with the notched portion 26 interposed. Each through-hole 27 is intended for mounting a brace 28 on the connecting fitting 25 .
- a brace 28 a clamp (metal bar member that is bent in a nearly horseshoe shape) can be used, for example.
- the brace 28 relatively fixes the pile 1 to the connecting fitting 25 by inserting both ends of the brace 28 into the two through-holes 27 while the pile 1 is engaged with the notched portion 26 of the connecting fitting 25 .
- the supporting post 22 can be formed using H-shaped steel, for example.
- the supporting post 22 vertically stands on the lower-tier transverse beam 21 .
- the number of supporting posts 22 is the same as the number of piles 1 simultaneously supported by the structure 20 . Both ends (upper and lower ends) of the supporting post 22 are fixed to the corresponding lower-tier transverse beam 21 and upper-tier transverse beam 23 by using bolts and nuts, for example.
- the upper-tier transverse beam 23 is formed by using H-shaped steel, for example.
- the upper-tier transverse beam 23 is disposed directly above the lower-tier transverse beam 21 parallel to the lower-tier transverse beam 21 .
- the upper-tier transverse beam 23 has holes into which the coupling portions 4 of respective piles 1 are fitted.
- a reinforcing plate 30 is mounted to each corner portion formed by the upper-tier transverse beam 23 and the supporting post 22 .
- the vertical beam 24 can be formed by using H-shaped steel, for example.
- the vertical beam 24 is mounted so as to connect together three upper-tier transverse beams 23 .
- the vertical beam 24 is mounted on respective upper-tier transverse beams 23 using bolts and nuts, for example, while the vertical beam 24 is placed on the upper surfaces of respective upper-tier transverse beams 23 .
- Two metal hangers 29 are provided on the upper surface of the vertical beam 24 . Those metal hangers 29 are disposed in the longitudinal direction of the vertical beam 24 at appropriate intervals.
- intersection point indicated by the “X” provided at both ends of the upper-tier transverse beam 23 is the position where the central axis of the pile 1 is located when the pile 1 is mounted on the structure 20 .
- the soil including sand
- the term “soil” is used in a broad sense.
- the entire installation site may be dug out at a uniform depth.
- the area of the location at which the soil is dug out also increases accordingly. Therefore, it takes time and labor for the excavating work.
- the soil of the scheduled installation site of the pile 1 be dug out to a desired depth while preventing the hole H from collapsing by using square blocks.
- the excavation depth may be determined within a range between 1 m to 3 m, for example, although it depends on the weight and size of the solar panel mounting stand 10 , weight of the solar panel, length of the pile 1 , size of the projecting portion 3 , etc.
- the planned installation ground surface 19 on which a pile 1 is scheduled to be installed can be formed at a depth deeper than the original ground G (ground surface before digging out) as shown in FIG. 12 .
- the planned installation ground surface 19 is exposed at the bottom of the hole H after the soil is dug out.
- the number of planned installation ground surfaces 19 is equal to the number of piles 1 to be installed and formed at the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand 10 . Furthermore, it is desirable that leveling be conducted so that respective planned installation ground surfaces 19 can be at the same depth, with a common virtual horizontal plane as a reference.
- a plurality of (six in this embodiment) piles 1 are supported so that they are relatively positioned.
- the condition described herein as “relatively positioned” is the condition in which a plurality of piles 1 are positioned so that they have predetermined positional relationships (defined by design).
- respective piles 1 are mounted on the structure 20 as described below. That is, while the pile body 2 of a pile 1 is engaged with the notched portion 26 of the connecting fitting 25 , the coupling portion 4 of the pile 1 is fixed to a predetermined location of the upper-tier transverse beam 23 by using bolts and nuts. Thereafter, the brace 28 is inserted from above into the through-hole 27 of the connecting fitting 25 . By doing so, a plurality of piles 1 are integrally supported by the structure 20 .
- the term “integrally” described herein means that “so that the structure 20 and a plurality of piles 1 are immobilized”.
- FIG. 13 is a front view showing the piles 1 mounted to the structure 20
- FIG. 14 is a side view of the same. Furthermore, when mounting piles 1 to the structure 20 , whether the plurality of piles 1 are in the prescribed positional relationships is confirmed as needed, and based on the result, fine adjustments of the positions at which piles 1 are mounted may be made.
- a wire 40 is attached to two metal hangers 29 of the vertical beam 24 , and by hoisting the wire 40 by a crane, a plurality of piles 1 are hoisted integrally with the structure 20 while the aforementioned support condition is maintained.
- the hoisted structure 20 and the plurality of piles 1 are transported to the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- planned installation ground surfaces 19 formed at the scheduled installation sites of the piles 1 are aligned with the positions of the corresponding piles 1 , and the piles 1 are lowered together with the structure 20 by the crane; and then, as shown in FIG. 16 , the lower end (the lower surface 3 b of the projecting portion 3 ) of each pile 1 comes in contact with the corresponding planned installation ground surface 19 .
- locations at which respective piles 1 were installed are refilled with the soil.
- the projecting portion 3 of the pile 1 is covered with soil and the lower end portion of the pile 1 is buried in the soil.
- the refilling soil is compacted as necessary.
- the soil refilling work should be conducted while the plurality of piles 1 are supported by the structure 20 .
- a plurality of piles 1 are installed at the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- the soil that has been dug out to form the planned installation ground surfaces 19 can be used for the refilling use.
- the soil used for refilling does not have to be the same soil that has been dug out.
- the structure 20 is removed from the plurality of piles 1 . Specifically, the bolts and nuts that fasten the coupling portions 4 of respective piles 1 to the upper-tier transverse beams 23 are removed. Furthermore, braces 28 are removed from respective connecting fittings 25 . Next, the entire structure 20 is horizontally moved to the opposite side of the opening of the notched portion 26 of the connecting fitting 25 . Thus, the structure 20 is separated from the respective piles 1 . A crane is used to move the structure 20 . Thereafter, the structure 20 is hoisted by a crane and transported to a location distant from the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand 10 . As a result, at the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand 10 , as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of (six in this embodiment) piles 1 are installed vertically (perpendicularly) upright. At this time, if the lengths of all piles 1 are the same, coupling portions 4 of respective piles 1 are disposed on the same virtual plane. Thus, the installed piles 1 serve as supporting legs 11 of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- panel supporting racks 12 are mounted on the piles 1 .
- one panel supporting rack 12 is mounted on two piles 1 that are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- two mounting plates 18 are mounted on the lower surface of the steel member 12 a of the panel supporting rack 12
- the panel supporting rack 12 is placed on two piles 1 so that respective mounting plates 18 are placed on the coupling portions 4 of the respective piles 1 .
- holes of the coupling portion 4 and those of the mounting plate 18 are aligned, and a bolt is inserted into each aligned hole and fastened by nuts.
- This mounting work is conducted for three panel supporting racks 12 .
- beam members 13 are installed on the panel supporting racks 12 .
- the beam members 13 are mounted on three panel supporting racks 12 disposed in the longitudinal direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 using bolts and nuts, for example. Holes used for mounting are provided beforehand in the panel supporting racks 12 and the beam members 13 .
- Each beam member 13 is mounted on the upper side and the lower side of the steel member 12 c constituting the oblique side of the panel supporting rack 12 .
- brace members 14 , 15 , and 16 are mounted.
- two brace members 14 and 15 are obliquely mounted from the panel supporting rack 12 , disposed at the center in the longitudinal direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 , toward the panel supporting racks 12 disposed on both sides of the central panel supporting rack 12 so that a mountain shape is formed.
- the brace member 16 is mounted such that it connects two piles 1 (pile bodies 2 ) disposed at the center in the longitudinal direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- the brace member 16 is mounted such that it is inclined in the same direction of the steel member 12 c constituting the oblique side of the panel supporting rack 12 .
- Brace members 14 , 15 , and 16 are mounted using bolts and nuts, for example. Holes used for mounting work are provided beforehand in the panel supporting racks 12 and the piles 1 .
- brace members 14 and 15 may be mounted at any time after the panel supporting racks 12 have been mounted.
- brace member 16 may be mounted at any time after piles 1 have been installed.
- panel receiving members 17 are mounted on the beam members 13 .
- the panel receiving members 17 are mounted such that they extend across two beam members 13 .
- a plurality of panel receiving members 17 are mounted in the longitudinal direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10 at predetermined intervals.
- the panel receiving members 17 are mounted using bolts and nuts, for example. Holes used for mounting work are provided beforehand in the beam members 13 and the panel receiving members 17 .
- solar panel mounting stand 10 installation of the solar panel mounting stand 10 is completed. Thereafter, as shown in the front view of FIG. 24 and in the side view of FIG. 25 , a plurality of solar panels 31 are mounted on the solar panel mounting stand 10 .
- solar panels 31 appear to be transparent so that positional relationships among all the constituent members of the structure 20 and the solar panels 31 are clarified.
- FIG. 26 shows specific structural examples where respective members are fastened by bolts and nuts.
- the panel supporting rack 12 and the beam member 13 are fastened by a bolt 32 and a nut 33
- the beam member 13 and the panel receiving member 17 are fastened by a bolt 34 and a nut 35
- the frame member 31 a of the solar panel is fastened to the panel receiving member 17 by a bolt 36 and a nut 37 .
- the panel supporting rack 12 and the brace member 14 ( 15 ) are fastened by a bolt 38 and a nut 39 ; and in FIG.
- the pile 1 that serves as a supporting leg 11 and the brace member 16 are fastened by a bolt 40 and a nut 41 .
- the way of fixing members is not limited to the fixing structure of using bolts and nuts, and for example, a fixing structure using fixing brackets not shown, or a fixing means such as welding can be adopted. However, when taking into account the construction cost and material cost, it is preferred that the fixing structure using bolts and nuts be adopted.
- a pile 1 equipped with a projecting portion 3 at the lower end of the pile body 2 is adopted and installed in the ground by an original method of “placing piles” instead of using a commonly-known conventional “piling” method.
- the use of this type of pile ensures the installation strength of the pile 1 by burying the lower end of the pile 1 including the projecting portion 3 in the ground. This makes troublesome “piling” work unnecessary.
- solar panel mounting stands 10 without using expensive spiral piles.
- a pile 1 having a projecting portion 3 as a supporting leg 11 of the solar panel mounting stand 10 , it is possible to provide a sufficient resisting force against a pressing force caused by the weight of the solar panel mounting stand 10 and the solar panels 31 and an opposite drawing force.
- the solar panel mounting stand 10 it is important to ensure sufficient installation strength to resist strong wind pressure (lifting force) imposed on solar panels 31 due to a typhoon or the like.
- piling is sometimes difficult depending on the conditions of the ground, and the piles are relatively easy to pull off; thus, it is difficult to ensure sufficient installation strength against wind pressure caused by strong wind.
- the pile body 2 of the pile 1 was made of a steel pipe with a diameter of 50 mm, and the projecting portion 3 was made of a 500-mm square steel plate. Furthermore, the lower end of the pile body 2 was buried in the soil in about 1.8 m depth, and the pile 1 was vertically pulled by applying a 20-kN pulling force. Consequently, the displacement amount (ascending amount) of the pile 1 was only 14 mm. This is the test result obtained from one pile 1 . Therefore, as described above, when six piles 1 are used as supporting legs 11 to form a solar panel mounting stand 10 , it can withstand at least a 120-kN pulling force in total.
- the solar panel mounting stand installation site is not always on level ground.
- a large-scale solar-power plant like mega solar requires wide expanse of ground to lay a large number of solar panels.
- appropriate expanses of level ground are sometimes difficult to find.
- undulating ground is to be leveled, a large-scale land grading project is necessary, resulting in enormous cost and labor.
- piles are installed by “piling” into the undulating ground, there is a concern that the following adverse conditions occurs.
- piles 51 are installed by “piling” into the undulating ground, there is a concern that the following adverse conditions occurs.
- FIG. 27 when a plurality of piles 51 having the same length are driven into the uneven ground so that the upper ends of the piles are aligned in height, it is necessary to drive piles 51 located in the higher-level ground deeper into the ground than the piles 51 located in the lower-level ground. Therefore, when piling depth D1 required for inhibiting the pull-off of piles is ensured at the lower-level ground, it is necessary to drive piles 51 into the higher-level ground at a deeper depth of D1+D2.
- the soil at the installation site is dug out and piles 1 are installed therein, even if the ground is undulating, by changing the excavation (hole) depths D4 and D5 in the higher-level ground and in the lower-level ground as shown in FIG. 28 , it is possible to install piles 1 with the upper ends thereof aligned at the same height. Accordingly, it is not necessary to level the ground. Therefore, it is possible to significantly reduce the total cost required for installing solar panel mounting stands, specifically, total cost for installing solar panel mounting stands on the undulating ground or on the inclined ground. Furthermore, as for the undulating ground, it is possible to successfully cope with nearly 1-meter undulation.
- a plurality of piles 1 are supported by a structure 20 , and while this condition is maintained, each pile 1 comes in contact with the planned installation ground surface 19 and is securely fixed by the soil used for refilling. Therefore, it is possible to precisely install a plurality of piles 1 at the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand 10 . Meanwhile, for example, when driving piles into the ground, respective piles need to be driven into the ground one by one. In this case, it is very difficult to precisely drive piles at desired locations at desired depth. Consequently, deviation tends to occur in the relative positions of the plurality of piles.
- piles 1 are securely fixed by compacting the refilling soil while maintaining the relative positional relationships of the plurality of piles 1 by using the structure 20 ; therefore, it is possible to precisely install a plurality of piles 1 . Consequently, it is possible to mount all members as prescribed without causing the entire mounting rack to distort. Furthermore, since a plurality of piles 1 can be installed simultaneously at the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand 10 , construction efficiency significantly increases. As a result, it is possible to simultaneously reduce the installation cost and increase pile installation accuracy.
- the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiment, and includes variety of modifications and alterations within a scope capable of deriving specific effects obtained by constituting features of the invention and a combination of them.
- a cross-sectional shape of the pile body 2 is circular; however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the cross-sectional shape of the pile body 2 may be a prismatic column such as a quadrangular prism.
- planar shape of the projecting portion 3 is not limited to a square or other quadrangles, and can be of any shape as long as it receives the load of the refilling soil on the surface thereof; for example, it can be a polygon, circle, oval, flower-petal shape, or cross-like figure.
- two or three projecting portions may be disposed at the lower end portion of the pile body 2 , which is eventually buried in the soil, at certain intervals in the longitudinal direction of the pile body 2 .
- the projecting portion 3 be formed into a flat plate-like shape so as to be a simple structure and efficiently receive the load of the soil; however, the shape is not limited to the flat plate-like shape.
- a part of or the entire outer circumference edge of the projecting portion 3 may be bent upward.
- the projecting portion 3 when the projecting portion 3 is formed into a plate-like shape, instead of disposing the projecting portion 3 at a right angle with regard to the central axis of the pile body 2 , the projecting portion 3 may be disposed slightly inclined (preferably, an inclined angle of more than 0 degrees, and equivalent to or less than 30 degrees).
- piles according to the present invention are not driven or screwed into the ground, spiral-shaped piles are excluded.
- members of the framework mounted onto the supporting legs 11 (piles 1 ) of the solar panel mounting stand 10 are not limited to the aforementioned members, and they may be any member to which solar panels can be mounted.
- the shape of the coupling portion 4 provided at the upper end of the pile body 2 can be changed according to the member mounted thereon; and it is also possible to mount framework members on the pile body 2 using separate mounting fittings or the like without providing a coupling portion 4 . Therefore, the coupling portion 4 may be provided as needed.
- panel receiving members 17 are made of lip groove steel, by changing the dimensions (mainly length) of the actually-used lip groove steel, hole positions, the number of members, etc., it is possible to mount different manufacturers' solar panels or change the number of solar panels made by the same manufacturer.
- constituent material of the solar panel mounting stand is not limited to steel, but it can be any material as long as it satisfies the mechanical strength, durability, antiweatherability, etc., required for the solar panel mounting stand; for example, other metal (including alloy) such as stainless-steel, aluminum, etc., and plastic such as reinforced plastic can be used.
- a pile of the present invention is preferable for the use as a supporting leg of the solar panel mounting stand; however, the pile can be widely applied to other use as well.
- the pile according to the present invention can be used when an advertising display or a sign is installed on the ground. A preferred embodiment of the present invention in that case will be additionally described.
- a pile includes a columnar pile body, at least the lower end portion of which is buried in the soil, and a non-spiral-shaped projecting portion provided at the lower end of the pile body so that it projects in the radial direction of the pile body, wherein when the lower end portion of the pile body is buried in the soil, the projecting portion inhibits the pull-off of the pile body under load of the soil.
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Abstract
A method of installing a solar panel mounting stand, the method including: forming an installation scheduled surface on which a plurality of piles are scheduled to be installed at a position deeper than an original ground surface, by digging the soil of an installation site of the solar panel mounting stand; installing the plurality of piles at the installation site by supporting the plurality of piles in a state of being relatively aligned, using a pile installation structure, and transporting the plurality of piles to the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand integrally with the pile installation structure, and placing the projecting portions on the installation scheduled surface corresponding to each projecting portion, and refilling the installation site with soil; removing the pile installation structure from the plurality of piles; and assembling a member as a framework of the solar panel mounting stand, using the plurality of piles.
Description
- 1. Technical Field
- The present invention relates to a method of installing a solar panel mounting stand for mounting solar power generation panels (hereinafter, referred to as “solar panels”) to generate electric power by means of sunlight, piles preferably used therefor, and solar panel mounting stands using the piles.
- 2. Background Art
- Recently, for the purpose of preventing a global warming, solar-power plants represented by “mega solar” have been constructed. In such solar-power plants, a large number of solar panel mounting stands are generally installed on the ground (on the soil), and a plurality of solar panels are mounted to each solar panel mounting stand.
- A solar panel mounting stand uses, for example, a concrete foundation as a base. However, to use a concrete foundation as a base, cost and labor required for the installation of solar panel mounting stands are enormous.
- Therefore, conventionally, instead of using a concrete foundation, for example, a technology described in
patent document 1 has been known. According to this conventional technology, the lower end of the supporting leg of the solar panel mounting stand is equipped with a projecting portion, a posthole is created in the projecting portion, and a pile is driven into the ground through the posthole, thereby securely fixing the supporting leg into the ground. - [Patent Document]
- [Patent document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2003-69062
- However, the aforementioned conventional technology has the following problems:
- That is, when installing solar panel mounting stands on the ground, the installation site is not always suitable for the installation of solar panel mounting stands.
- Therefore, driving piles is sometimes difficult, for example, depending on the ground condition of the installation site. Specifically, when driving piles into the ground mainly composed of sand, the sand is tamped down during the piling process, which makes it difficult to drive piles deeply into the ground. The construction test conducted by the inventors of the present invention has proven that existing piles can be driven into the ground only 50-cm deep at a location having an N value, indicating the hardness of the sand ground of 10 or more. If a pile is not driven into the ground deep enough, when a lifting force is generated due to wind pressure imposed on the solar panels, the pile is easily removed. Furthermore, there is also a well-known pile designed such that the lower end of the pile is formed into a spiral-shaped portion, and the pile is screwed into the ground by using the spiral-shaped portion. However, the cost of this type of pile (hereinafter, referred to as “spiral pile”) is very high. Also, it takes a considerable amount of time and labor to drive spiral piles into the ground on site. Accordingly, material cost and construction cost required for the installation of solar panel mounting stands become very high, resulting in enormous total cost.
- A main objective of the present invention is to provide a method of installing a solar panel mounting stand capable of significantly reducing the cost and labor to install solar panel mounting stands and also provide piles preferably used therefor.
- Generally, it is common knowledge that piles used for civil engineering work are driven into the ground (spiral piles are screwed into the ground). The inventors of the present invention have devised the present invention as the result of an alternative way of thinking about piles beyond what is commonly known. That is, they disregarded the common understanding that “piles are driven into the ground” and conceived an idea of “placing piles” which means that piles are placed in the ground instead of being driven into the ground. However, when piles are used as supporting legs of a solar panel mounting stand, simply placing the piles in the ground will not withstand the lifting force generated by the application of wind pressure.
- On the other hand, most of solar panels mounted to solar panel mounting stands are light enough so that one or more workers can manually lift the panels. Therefore, for example, even when a plurality of solar panels are mounted to one solar panel mounting stand, the load applied on the solar panel mounting stand is not so heavy.
- In light of such circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have realized that a requirement for the solar panel mounting stand is to maintain the condition in which the solar panel mounting stand is securely fixed (immobilized) when a lifting force is generated due to wind pressure imposed on the solar panels, rather than the mechanical strength that supports the weight of the solar panels; and the inventors have focused attention on the piles used as supporting legs and devised the present invention. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.
- A first aspect of the present invention provides a method of installing a solar panel mounting stand using a pile as a supporting leg, the pile including: a columnar pile body, at least a lower end side thereof being buried in the soil when a solar panel mounting stand equipped with a plurality of supporting legs is installed on the ground; and a non-spiral-shaped projecting portion provided at a lower end of the pile body in a state projected in a radial direction of the pile body—and configured to inhibit a pull-off of the pile body under a load of the soil when the lower end side of the pile body is embedded in the soil;
- the method including:
- a first step of forming an installation scheduled surface on which the plurality of piles are scheduled to be installed at a position deeper than an original ground surface, by digging the soil of an installation site of the solar panel mounting stand;
- a second step of installing the plurality of piles at the installation site by supporting the plurality of piles in a state of being relatively aligned, using a pile installation structure, and while maintaining such a supporting state, transporting the plurality of piles to the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand integrally with the pile installation structure, and placing the projecting portions, which are formed at lower ends of the plurality of piles, on the installation scheduled surface corresponding to each projecting portion, and thereafter refilling the installation site with soil;
- a third step of removing the pile installation structure from the plurality of piles; and
- a fourth step of assembling a member as a framework of the solar panel mounting stand, using the plurality of piles.
- A second aspect of the present invention provides a solar panel mounting stand installation method according to the first aspect, wherein in the second step, the pile installation structure supporting the plurality of piles, is hoisted by a crane and transported to the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand.
- A third aspect of the present invention provides a pile used as a supporting leg when a solar panel mounting stand equipped with a plurality of supporting legs is installed, including:
- a columnar pile body; and
- a non-spiral-shaped projecting portion provided at a lower end of the pile body in a state projected in a radial direction of the pile body,
- wherein at least a lower end side of the pile body is buried in the soil when the solar panel mounting stand is installed; and
- the projecting portion is configured to inhibit a pull-off of the pile body under a load of the soil when the lower end side of the pile body is embedded in the soil.
- A fourth aspect of the present invention provides the pile according to the third aspect, wherein the projecting portion is formed into a plate-like shape having a larger external size than an outer diameter of the pile body.
- 5. The pile according to the third aspect or the fourth aspect, wherein a coupling portion is provided on an upper end of the pile body, for assembling a member as a framework of the solar panel mounting stand.
- A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a solar panel mounting stand equipped with a plurality of supporting legs, wherein
- a pile is used as a supporting leg, said pile comprising:
- a columnar pile body, at least a lower end portion thereof being buried in the soil; and
- a non-spiral-shaped projecting portion provided at a lower end of the pile body in a state projected in a radial direction of the pile body, and configured to inhibit a pull-off of the pile body under a load of the soil when the lower end side of the pile body is embedded in the soil.
- According to the present invention, it is possible to significantly reduce cost and labor required for the installation of solar panel mounting stands.
-
FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a pile according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a configuration example of a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a configuration example of a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a configuration example of a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a panel supporting rack (triangular rack). -
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a configuration example of the structure for pile installation according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a configuration example of the structure for pile installation according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 10 is a side view showing a configuration example of the structure for pile installation according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 11 illustrates the configuration of the connecting fitting. -
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram (part 3) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram (part 4) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram (part 5) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram (part 6) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram (part 7) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram (part 8) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram (part 9) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram (part 10) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram (part 11) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram (part 12) for illustrating the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 24 is a front view showing solar panels mounted to a solar panel mounting stand. -
FIG. 25 is a side view showing solar panels mounted to a solar panel mounting stand. -
FIGS. 26A , 26B, 26C AND 26D show specific structural examples where respective members are fastened by bolts and nuts. -
FIG. 27 illustrates an adverse condition occurring when piles are driven into the undulating ground. -
FIG. 28 illustrates the superior condition in which piles according to this embodiment are installed in the undulating ground. - Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
- Embodiments of the present invention will be described according to the following sequential order:
- 1. Configuration of a pile according to an embodiment of the present invention
- 2. Configuration of a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention
- 3. Configuration of a structure for pile installation according to an embodiment of the present invention
- 4. A method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention
- 5. Advantageous effects of the embodiment of the present invention
- 6. Modified example, etc.
- 7. Other preferred embodiments of the present invention
-
FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a pile according to an embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ofFIG. 1 , andFIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B ofFIG. 1 . - The
pile 1, shown in the drawing, roughly comprises apile body 2, a projectingportion 3, and acoupling portion 4. - The
pile body 2 is entirely formed into a column. The cross section of thepile body 2 is circular. Thepile body 2 can be formed, for example, by using a straight steel pipe (single pipe, etc.). The length of thepile body 2 is specified, for example, within a range between 2 m and 4 m by taking into account the length that is buried in the ground (in the soil) and the length that protrudes above the ground. The outer diameter of thepile body 2 is specified, for example, within a range of 40 mm or more and 60 mm or less by taking into account the load applied to thepile body 2. - The projecting
portion 3 is provided at the lower end of thepile body 2 in the longitudinal direction of thepile body 2. The lower end of thepile body 2 is the end that is disposed downward when thepile 1 is installed in the ground. The projectingportion 3 is provided such that it projects in the radial direction of thepile body 2. The projectingportion 3 has the external size that is larger than the outer diameter of thepile body 2. The projectingportion 3 is formed into a non-spirally shape. In this embodiment, as an example of a non-spirally shape, the projectingportion 3 is formed into a flat plate. - By providing such a plate-like projecting
portion 3 at the lower end of thepile body 2, it is indicated that thepile 1 is not intended to be driven or screwed into the ground for the installation. In this respect, this pile is completely different from other known piles. That is, normally, the lower end of the pile is formed into a thin conical shape to facilitate piling into the ground, or a spiral-shaped portion is provided at the tip of the pile to enable the pile to be screwed into the ground; however, in this embodiment, the lower end of thepile body 2 is equipped with a projectingportion 3 shaped such that it hinders the pile from being driven or screwed into the ground. The projectingportion 3 can be formed using a square steel plate, for example. Theaforementioned pile body 2 is disposed at the central part of the projectingportion 3 when viewed from the direction of the central axis of thepile 1. The projectingportion 3 is, for example, fixed to the lower end of thepile body 2 by welding or a similar means. Ofsurfaces portion 3, onesurface 3 a is disposed upward and theother surface 3 b is disposed downward when thepile 1 is installed. At the time of back-filling with soil, described later, one surface (hereinafter, also referred to as the “upper surface”) 3 a of the projectingportion 3 is the surface that receives the load (weight pressure) of the soil, and the other surface (hereinafter, also referred to as the “lower surface”) 3 b is the surface that comes in contact with (contacts) the ground at the scheduled installation site described later. - The
coupling portion 4 is provided at the upper end of thepile body 2 in the longitudinal direction of thepile body 2. The upper end of thepile body 2 is the end that is disposed upward when thepile 1 is installed in the ground. Thecoupling portion 4 is provided so as to mount a member (described later), which serves as a framework of the solar panel mounting stand, to thepile 1. Similar to the aforementioned projectingportion 3, thecoupling portion 4 is provided such that a square steel plate is fixed to the upper end of thepile body 2 by welding or a similar means. Thecoupling portion 4 is disposed so that it is opposite of the projectingportion 3 with thepile body 2 interposed. Furthermore, at both ends of thepile body 2, thecoupling portion 4 and the projectingportion 3 are disposed parallel. Similar to the projectingportion 3, thecoupling portion 4 is provided such that it projects in the radial direction of thepile body 2. The projectingportion 3 of thecoupling portion 4 has four through-holes 4 a. Each through-hole 4 a is provided at each corner of thecoupling portion 4. The external size of thecoupling portion 4 is smaller than the external size of the projectingportion 3. As an example, when the projectingportion 3 and thecoupling portion 4 are each made of a flat square plate, the external size of thecoupling portion 4 is specified such that the length of one side is, for example, within a range of 150 mm or more and 200 mm or less, and the external size of the projectingportion 3 is specified such that the length of one side is, for example, within a range of 300 mm or more and 600 mm or less. Furthermore, the thickness of the projectingportion 3 and the coupling portion 4 (thickness of the plate) is each specified, for example, within a range of 4 mm or more and 8 mm or less. The surface of thepile 1 is rustproofed by means of molten zinc plating, etc. -
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a configuration example of a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention,FIG. 5 is a plan view, andFIG. 6 is a side view of the same. Moreover, the inverted triangle mark inFIG. 4 andFIG. 6 indicates the assumed surface of the ground on which the solarpanel mounting stand 10 is to be installed. - The solar
panel mounting stand 10, shown in the drawing, roughly comprises a plurality of supportinglegs 11 to serve as members that form the foundation of the mounting rack, and a plurality ofpanel supporting racks 12, a plurality ofbeam members 13, a plurality ofbrace members panel receiving members 17 to serve as members that form the framework of the mounting rack. Herein, as an example, one solarpanel mounting stand 10 is made up of six supportinglegs 11, threepanel supporting racks 12, twobeam members 13, threebrace members panel receiving members 17. However, the number of members, dimensions and arrangement thereof can be flexibly changed according to the number and the external size of the solar panels mounted to one solarpanel mounting stand 10. The surface of each member is rustproofed (e.g., molten zinc plating for steel members). - Supporting
legs 11 form the foundation of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. The supportingleg 11 is constituted using theaforementioned pile 1. That is, the supportingleg 11 integrates theaforementioned pile body 2, projectingportion 3, and thecoupling portion 4. When installing a solarpanel mounting stand 10, the lower end of each supportingleg 11 is buried in the ground. - The
panel supporting rack 12 is a triangular rack (triangle rack) that obliquely supports solar panels. Thepanel supporting rack 12 is mounted onto the aforementioned supportinglegs 11. When installing solar panels on the ground using a solarpanel mounting stand 10, the solar panels are mounted to the solarpanel mounting stand 10 in such a way that they are inclined at a predetermined angle (e.g., about 30 degrees) with regard to the horizontal plane that is perpendicular to the vertical plane (hereinafter, referred to as the “horizontal plane”). Therefore, thepanel supporting rack 12 forms a right triangle having the oblique side that corresponds to the solar panel installation angle. Thepanel supporting rack 12 is made up of three members that form a right triangle. In this embodiment, as a preferred example, as shown inFIG. 7 , the three members are made of steel (e.g., channel steel) 12 a, 12 b, and 12 c, and thesteel members panel supporting rack 12. - Of the three
steel members steel member 12 a forms the base of a right triangle, thesteel member 12 b forms the vertical side of the right triangle, and thesteel member 12 c forms the oblique side of the right triangle. The “base” described herein is the horizontally located side when thepanel supporting rack 12 is mounted onto the aforementioned supportinglegs 11, and the “vertical side” is the vertically (perpendicularly) located side when thepanel supporting rack 12 is mounted onto the supportinglegs 11. The “oblique side” is the “side opposite to the right angle”, as mathematically defined, which is obliquely located when thepanel supporting rack 12 is mounted onto the supportinglegs 11. The lower-level end of thesteel member 12 c protrudes such that it obliquely extends downward beyond the end of thesteel member 12 a. The upper-level end of thesteel member 12 c protrudes such that it obliquely extends upward beyond the upper end of thesteel member 12 b. - One end of the
steel member 12 a is equipped with a mountingplate 18, and the other end oppositely located is also equipped with another mountingplate 18. Respective mountingplates 18 are used to mount apanel supporting rack 12 onto two supportinglegs 11 that are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. The two mountingplates 18 are disposed in the longitudinal direction of thesteel member 12 a at a predetermined distance (the same distance as the clearance between twopiles 1 that are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction of the solar panel mounting stand 10). The mountingplate 18 is made of a flat steel plate that is shaped to fit the external size of theaforementioned coupling portion 4. When the mountingplate 18 and thecoupling portion 4 are each made of a plate-like member of the same external size, positioning becomes easy when mounting thepanel supporting rack 12 onto thepiles 1. The mountingplate 18 has four through-holes that have the same positional relationships as the holes in thecoupling portion 4. Therefore, when the mountingplate 18 is placed on top of theaforementioned coupling portion 4, the corresponding through-holes are disposed concentrically (ideal state). At one end of thesteel member 12 a, a mountingplate 18 is fixed to the lower surface of thesteel member 12 a by welding or a similar means. Also, at the other end of thesteel member 12 a, another mountingplate 18 is fixed to the lower surface of thesteel member 12 a and also to the lower end of thesteel member 12 b by welding or a similar means. Furthermore, thesteel member 12 b has through-holes (not shown) to mountbrace members steel member 12 c has through-holes (not shown) to mountbeam members 13. - The
beam member 13 is mounted so that it connects together three panel supporting racks 12. Thebeam member 13 can be formed using a long steel member (e.g., lip groove steel), for example. Both ends of thebeam member 13 are disposed such that they protrude outward from respective panel supporting racks 12 (lateral to the solar panel mounting stand 10).Respective beam members 13 are disposed parallel in the longitudinal direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. Onebeam member 13 is fixed to the upper-level end of thesteel member 12 c of thepanel supporting rack 12 by using bolts and nuts. Theother beam member 13 is fixed to the lower-level end of thesteel member 12 c by using bolts and nuts. -
Brace members panel mounting stand 10 from rocking in the longitudinal direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. Thebrace member 14 is mounted such that it connects togetherrespective steel members 12 b of the centralpanel supporting rack 12 and the one-end sidepanel supporting rack 12, among threepanel supporting racks 12 disposed in the longitudinal direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. On the contrary, thebrace member 15 is mounted such that it connects togetherrespective steel members 12 b of the centralpanel supporting rack 12 and the the-other-end sidepanel supporting rack 12. Thosebrace members panel mounting stand 10 is viewed from the front. That is, thebrace member 14 is obliquely disposed from the centralpanel supporting rack 12 to the one-end sidepanel supporting rack 12 so that it becomes gradually inclined; and thebrace member 15 is obliquely disposed from the centralpanel supporting rack 12 to the the-other-end sidepanel supporting rack 12 so that it becomes gradually inclined. Thebrace members respective brace members steel members 12 b of the correspondingpanel supporting racks 12 by using bolts and nuts, for example. - On the other hand, the
brace member 16 is designed to mainly inhibit the solarpanel mounting stand 10 from rocking in the lateral direction. Thebrace member 16 is mounted such that it connects together two supportinglegs 11 that support from below the centralpanel supporting rack 12. Furthermore, thebrace member 16 is disposed such that it is inclined in the same direction as thesteel member 12 c of thepanel supporting rack 12. Therefore, thebrace member 16 is obliquely disposed so that it becomes gradually inclined from the back to the front when the solarpanel mounting stand 10 is viewed from the front. Thebrace member 16 can be formed, for example, by using the same steel (e.g., L-shaped steel) as theaforementioned brace members brace member 16 are fixed to the corresponding supportinglegs 11 by using bolts and nuts, for example. -
Panel receiving members 17 hold and support solar panels. A solar panel is equipped with a frame member made of aluminum, etc., for example, and the frame member can be mounted to thepanel receiving members 17 by using bolts and nuts, for example. Thepanel receiving member 17 can be formed using a long steel member (e.g., lip groove steel), for example. - A plurality of
panel receiving members 17 are mounted in the longitudinal direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10 at appropriate intervals. Thepanel receiving members 17 are mounted such that they extend across twobeam members 13. Thepanel receiving member 17 is inclined with regard to the horizontal plane. The inclined angle of thepanel receiving member 17 is the same as that of thesteel member 12 c of thepanel supporting rack 12. One end of thepanel receiving member 17 protrudes obliquely upward beyond thebeam member 13 located below on the upper-level side. The other end of thepanel receiving member 17 protrudes obliquely downward beyond thebeam member 13 located below on the lower-level side. With the configuration in which both ends of thepanel receiving member 17 thus protrude, it is possible to mount a larger number of solar panels to one solarpanel mounting stand 10. Intervals amongpanel receiving members 17 that are adjacent to one another in the longitudinal direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10 are determined corresponding to the mounting holes provided in the frame member of the solar panels. Incidentally, solar panels are designed to be disposed (laid) in a reticular pattern using a plurality ofpanel receiving members 17. -
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a configuration example of the structure for pile installation according to an embodiment of the present invention,FIG. 9 is a plan view, andFIG. 10 is a side view of the same. - Upon installation of the solar
panel mounting stand 10 on the ground, thestructure 20, shown in the drawing, is designed to be used to install a plurality ofpiles 1 that serve as supportinglegs 11 of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. Thestructure 20 roughly comprises a plurality of lower-tiertransverse beams 21, a plurality of supportingposts 22, a plurality of upper-tiertransverse beams 23, and onevertical beam 24. Herein, as an example, onestructure 20 comprises three lower-tiertransverse beams 21, six supportingposts 22, three upper-tiertransverse beams 23, and onevertical beam 24. However, the number, dimensions and arrangement of the members can be changed according to the number and arrangement of thepiles 1 to be supported. - The lower-
tier transverse beam 21 can be formed by using I-shaped steel, for example. Plate-like connectingfittings 25 are provided respectively on both ends of the lower-tier transverse beam 21 in the longitudinal direction. When piles 1 are mounted on thestructure 20, the connectingfittings 25 are detachably connected to thepiles 1. Respective connectingfittings 25 are fixed to the lower surface of the lower-tier transverse beam 21 by welding or a similar means. A part of the connecting fitting 25 protrudes from the lower-tier transverse beam 21, and a notchedportion 26, as shown inFIG. 11 , is formed on the protruding portion. InFIG. 11 , the portion within the broken line represented bynumber 21 indicates the welded portion that connects the connecting fitting 25 to the lower-tier transverse beam 21. The notchedportion 26 allows the connecting fitting 25 to be mounted on and detached from apile 1. Notchedportions 26 of respective connectingfittings 25 are disposed in the same direction (one direction) in the longitudinal direction of thevertical beam 24. One side of the notched portion 26 (open side) is wide open so that it can easily direct thepile 1 to the back side of the notchedportion 26. - Furthermore, the connecting
fitting 25 has two through-holes 27. Those through-holes 27 are disposed with the notchedportion 26 interposed. Each through-hole 27 is intended for mounting abrace 28 on the connectingfitting 25. For abrace 28, a clamp (metal bar member that is bent in a nearly horseshoe shape) can be used, for example. Thebrace 28 relatively fixes thepile 1 to the connectingfitting 25 by inserting both ends of thebrace 28 into the two through-holes 27 while thepile 1 is engaged with the notchedportion 26 of the connectingfitting 25. - The supporting
post 22 can be formed using H-shaped steel, for example. The supportingpost 22 vertically stands on the lower-tier transverse beam 21. The number of supportingposts 22 is the same as the number ofpiles 1 simultaneously supported by thestructure 20. Both ends (upper and lower ends) of the supportingpost 22 are fixed to the corresponding lower-tier transverse beam 21 and upper-tier transverse beam 23 by using bolts and nuts, for example. - The upper-
tier transverse beam 23 is formed by using H-shaped steel, for example. The upper-tier transverse beam 23 is disposed directly above the lower-tier transverse beam 21 parallel to the lower-tier transverse beam 21. The upper-tier transverse beam 23 has holes into which thecoupling portions 4 ofrespective piles 1 are fitted. Furthermore, as necessary, a reinforcingplate 30 is mounted to each corner portion formed by the upper-tier transverse beam 23 and the supportingpost 22. - The
vertical beam 24 can be formed by using H-shaped steel, for example. Thevertical beam 24 is mounted so as to connect together three upper-tier transverse beams 23. Thevertical beam 24 is mounted on respective upper-tiertransverse beams 23 using bolts and nuts, for example, while thevertical beam 24 is placed on the upper surfaces of respective upper-tier transverse beams 23. Twometal hangers 29 are provided on the upper surface of thevertical beam 24. Thosemetal hangers 29 are disposed in the longitudinal direction of thevertical beam 24 at appropriate intervals. - Moreover, in
FIG. 9 , the intersection point indicated by the “X” provided at both ends of the upper-tier transverse beam 23 is the position where the central axis of thepile 1 is located when thepile 1 is mounted on thestructure 20. - Next, a method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
FIG. 12 toFIG. 23 . - First, upon installing the aforementioned solar
panel mounting stand 10 on the ground, the soil (including sand) at the installation site is dug out. In this document, regardless of the size of particles constituting the soil, the term “soil” is used in a broad sense. When digging in the soil at the installation site of the solarpanel mounting stand 10, the entire installation site may be dug out at a uniform depth. However, as the size of the solarpanel mounting stand 10 increases, the area of the location at which the soil is dug out also increases accordingly. Therefore, it takes time and labor for the excavating work. For this reason, when digging out the soil at the installation site of the solarpanel mounting stand 10, it is preferred that, over the entire installation site, only the soil at the exact locations at which a plurality of (six in this embodiment) piles 1 are scheduled to be installed should be removed. This construction method is adopted in this embodiment. However, in that case, the side wall of hole H (seeFIG. 12 ) tends to be collapsed during the excavating work depending on the type of the soil at the installation site. Therefore, it is desirable that the soil of the scheduled installation site of thepile 1 be dug out to a desired depth while preventing the hole H from collapsing by using square blocks. The excavation depth may be determined within a range between 1 m to 3 m, for example, although it depends on the weight and size of the solarpanel mounting stand 10, weight of the solar panel, length of thepile 1, size of the projectingportion 3, etc. - By thus digging out the soil, at the installation site of the solar
panel mounting stand 10, the plannedinstallation ground surface 19 on which apile 1 is scheduled to be installed can be formed at a depth deeper than the original ground G (ground surface before digging out) as shown inFIG. 12 . The plannedinstallation ground surface 19 is exposed at the bottom of the hole H after the soil is dug out. The number of planned installation ground surfaces 19 is equal to the number ofpiles 1 to be installed and formed at the installation site of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. Furthermore, it is desirable that leveling be conducted so that respective planned installation ground surfaces 19 can be at the same depth, with a common virtual horizontal plane as a reference. - Next, using the
aforementioned structure 20, a plurality of (six in this embodiment) piles 1 are supported so that they are relatively positioned. The condition described herein as “relatively positioned” is the condition in which a plurality ofpiles 1 are positioned so that they have predetermined positional relationships (defined by design). - When supporting a plurality of
piles 1 by thestructure 20,respective piles 1 are mounted on thestructure 20 as described below. That is, while thepile body 2 of apile 1 is engaged with the notchedportion 26 of the connectingfitting 25, thecoupling portion 4 of thepile 1 is fixed to a predetermined location of the upper-tier transverse beam 23 by using bolts and nuts. Thereafter, thebrace 28 is inserted from above into the through-hole 27 of the connectingfitting 25. By doing so, a plurality ofpiles 1 are integrally supported by thestructure 20. The term “integrally” described herein means that “so that thestructure 20 and a plurality ofpiles 1 are immobilized”. -
FIG. 13 is a front view showing thepiles 1 mounted to thestructure 20, andFIG. 14 is a side view of the same. Furthermore, when mountingpiles 1 to thestructure 20, whether the plurality ofpiles 1 are in the prescribed positional relationships is confirmed as needed, and based on the result, fine adjustments of the positions at which piles 1 are mounted may be made. - Next, as shown in
FIG. 15 , awire 40 is attached to twometal hangers 29 of thevertical beam 24, and by hoisting thewire 40 by a crane, a plurality ofpiles 1 are hoisted integrally with thestructure 20 while the aforementioned support condition is maintained. Next, by moving and turning a crane, the hoistedstructure 20 and the plurality ofpiles 1 are transported to the installation site of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. At the installation site, as shown inFIG. 12 , planned installation ground surfaces 19 formed at the scheduled installation sites of thepiles 1 are aligned with the positions of thecorresponding piles 1, and thepiles 1 are lowered together with thestructure 20 by the crane; and then, as shown inFIG. 16 , the lower end (thelower surface 3 b of the projecting portion 3) of eachpile 1 comes in contact with the corresponding plannedinstallation ground surface 19. - Next, as shown in
FIG. 17 andFIG. 18 , locations at whichrespective piles 1 were installed (in hole H in this embodiment) are refilled with the soil. Thus, the projectingportion 3 of thepile 1 is covered with soil and the lower end portion of thepile 1 is buried in the soil. At this time, the refilling soil is compacted as necessary. The soil refilling work should be conducted while the plurality ofpiles 1 are supported by thestructure 20. - This is because relative positional relationships of the plurality of
piles 1 can be maintained even if a small amount of force is imposed on thepiles 1 during a refilling process of the soil. - Thus, a plurality of
piles 1 are installed at the installation site of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. - Moreover, the soil that has been dug out to form the planned installation ground surfaces 19 can be used for the refilling use. However, the soil used for refilling does not have to be the same soil that has been dug out.
- Next, the
structure 20 is removed from the plurality ofpiles 1. Specifically, the bolts and nuts that fasten thecoupling portions 4 ofrespective piles 1 to the upper-tiertransverse beams 23 are removed. Furthermore, braces 28 are removed from respective connectingfittings 25. Next, theentire structure 20 is horizontally moved to the opposite side of the opening of the notchedportion 26 of the connectingfitting 25. Thus, thestructure 20 is separated from therespective piles 1. A crane is used to move thestructure 20. Thereafter, thestructure 20 is hoisted by a crane and transported to a location distant from the installation site of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. As a result, at the installation site of the solarpanel mounting stand 10, as shown inFIG. 19 , a plurality of (six in this embodiment) piles 1 are installed vertically (perpendicularly) upright. At this time, if the lengths of allpiles 1 are the same,coupling portions 4 ofrespective piles 1 are disposed on the same virtual plane. Thus, the installedpiles 1 serve as supportinglegs 11 of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. - Next, using a plurality of
piles 1, members that constitute a framework of the solarpanel mounting stand 10 are assembled. Member mounting work is conducted as described below. - First, as shown in
FIG. 20 ,panel supporting racks 12 are mounted on thepiles 1. At this time, onepanel supporting rack 12 is mounted on twopiles 1 that are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. Since two mounting plates 18 (seeFIG. 7 ) are mounted on the lower surface of thesteel member 12 a of thepanel supporting rack 12, thepanel supporting rack 12 is placed on twopiles 1 so that respective mountingplates 18 are placed on thecoupling portions 4 of therespective piles 1. At that time, holes of thecoupling portion 4 and those of the mountingplate 18 are aligned, and a bolt is inserted into each aligned hole and fastened by nuts. Thus, onepanel supporting rack 12 is fixed to twopiles 1. This mounting work is conducted for three panel supporting racks 12. - Next, as shown in
FIG. 21 ,beam members 13 are installed on the panel supporting racks 12. Thebeam members 13 are mounted on threepanel supporting racks 12 disposed in the longitudinal direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10 using bolts and nuts, for example. Holes used for mounting are provided beforehand in thepanel supporting racks 12 and thebeam members 13. Eachbeam member 13 is mounted on the upper side and the lower side of thesteel member 12 c constituting the oblique side of thepanel supporting rack 12. - Next, as shown in
FIG. 22 ,brace members brace members panel supporting rack 12, disposed at the center in the longitudinal direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10, toward thepanel supporting racks 12 disposed on both sides of the centralpanel supporting rack 12 so that a mountain shape is formed. Furthermore, thebrace member 16 is mounted such that it connects two piles 1 (pile bodies 2) disposed at the center in the longitudinal direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. Thebrace member 16 is mounted such that it is inclined in the same direction of thesteel member 12 c constituting the oblique side of thepanel supporting rack 12.Brace members panel supporting racks 12 and thepiles 1. - Moreover,
brace members panel supporting racks 12 have been mounted. Similarly, thebrace member 16 may be mounted at any time afterpiles 1 have been installed. - Next, as shown in
FIG. 23 ,panel receiving members 17 are mounted on thebeam members 13. Thepanel receiving members 17 are mounted such that they extend across twobeam members 13. Furthermore, a plurality ofpanel receiving members 17 are mounted in the longitudinal direction of the solarpanel mounting stand 10 at predetermined intervals. Thepanel receiving members 17 are mounted using bolts and nuts, for example. Holes used for mounting work are provided beforehand in thebeam members 13 and thepanel receiving members 17. - Thus, installation of the solar
panel mounting stand 10 is completed. Thereafter, as shown in the front view ofFIG. 24 and in the side view ofFIG. 25 , a plurality ofsolar panels 31 are mounted on the solarpanel mounting stand 10. InFIG. 24 ,solar panels 31 appear to be transparent so that positional relationships among all the constituent members of thestructure 20 and thesolar panels 31 are clarified. -
FIG. 26 shows specific structural examples where respective members are fastened by bolts and nuts. InFIG. 26(A) andFIG. 26(B) , thepanel supporting rack 12 and thebeam member 13 are fastened by abolt 32 and anut 33, and thebeam member 13 and thepanel receiving member 17 are fastened by abolt 34 and anut 35. And, theframe member 31 a of the solar panel is fastened to thepanel receiving member 17 by abolt 36 and anut 37. Meanwhile, inFIG. 26(C) , thepanel supporting rack 12 and the brace member 14 (15) are fastened by abolt 38 and anut 39; and inFIG. 26(D) , thepile 1 that serves as a supportingleg 11 and thebrace member 16 are fastened by abolt 40 and anut 41. Moreover, the way of fixing members is not limited to the fixing structure of using bolts and nuts, and for example, a fixing structure using fixing brackets not shown, or a fixing means such as welding can be adopted. However, when taking into account the construction cost and material cost, it is preferred that the fixing structure using bolts and nuts be adopted. - In the embodiment of the present invention, a
pile 1 equipped with a projectingportion 3 at the lower end of thepile body 2 is adopted and installed in the ground by an original method of “placing piles” instead of using a commonly-known conventional “piling” method. Furthermore, the use of this type of pile ensures the installation strength of thepile 1 by burying the lower end of thepile 1 including the projectingportion 3 in the ground. This makes troublesome “piling” work unnecessary. Furthermore, at locations where “piling” is difficult, it is possible to install solar panel mounting stands 10 without using expensive spiral piles. As a result, it is possible to significantly reduce cost and labor required for installing solar panel mounting stands. Consequently, it is possible to contribute to prevalence of solar power generation, resulting in further promotion of the use of natural energy. - Furthermore, using a
pile 1 having a projectingportion 3 as a supportingleg 11 of the solarpanel mounting stand 10, it is possible to provide a sufficient resisting force against a pressing force caused by the weight of the solarpanel mounting stand 10 and thesolar panels 31 and an opposite drawing force. Specifically, for the solarpanel mounting stand 10, it is important to ensure sufficient installation strength to resist strong wind pressure (lifting force) imposed onsolar panels 31 due to a typhoon or the like. In this regard, in the case of piles to be driven into the ground, piling is sometimes difficult depending on the conditions of the ground, and the piles are relatively easy to pull off; thus, it is difficult to ensure sufficient installation strength against wind pressure caused by strong wind. Meanwhile, when a solarpanel mounting stand 10 is formed usingpiles 1 of this embodiment, as described above, it is possible to provide a sufficient resisting force against both the pressing force and the drawing force; consequently, it is possible to ensure superior installation strength specifically against wind pressure caused by strong wind. - For reference, tensile test was conducted for the
piles 1 installed by the method of this embodiment, and better results than expected were obtained. - In the tensile test, the
pile body 2 of thepile 1 was made of a steel pipe with a diameter of 50 mm, and the projectingportion 3 was made of a 500-mm square steel plate. Furthermore, the lower end of thepile body 2 was buried in the soil in about 1.8 m depth, and thepile 1 was vertically pulled by applying a 20-kN pulling force. Consequently, the displacement amount (ascending amount) of thepile 1 was only 14 mm. This is the test result obtained from onepile 1. Therefore, as described above, when sixpiles 1 are used as supportinglegs 11 to form a solarpanel mounting stand 10, it can withstand at least a 120-kN pulling force in total. - Furthermore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, even if the solar panel mounting stand installation site is on undulating ground, installation of
piles 1 can be conducted without problems. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given. - The solar panel mounting stand installation site is not always on level ground. Specifically, a large-scale solar-power plant like mega solar requires wide expanse of ground to lay a large number of solar panels. However, appropriate expanses of level ground are sometimes difficult to find. Furthermore, if undulating ground is to be leveled, a large-scale land grading project is necessary, resulting in enormous cost and labor.
- If piles are installed by “piling” into the undulating ground, there is a concern that the following adverse conditions occurs. For example, in the case of driving piles into the ground, as shown in
FIG. 27 , when a plurality ofpiles 51 having the same length are driven into the uneven ground so that the upper ends of the piles are aligned in height, it is necessary to drivepiles 51 located in the higher-level ground deeper into the ground than thepiles 51 located in the lower-level ground. Therefore, when piling depth D1 required for inhibiting the pull-off of piles is ensured at the lower-level ground, it is necessary to drivepiles 51 into the higher-level ground at a deeper depth of D1+D2. However, in the ground where piling is difficult, even ifpiles 51 are successfully driven into the lower-level ground at desired depth D1, it may not be possible to drivepiles 51 into the higher-level ground at the desired depth D1+D2. As a result, the height of the upper end of eachpile 51 differs by the dimension D2. - Meanwhile, according to this embodiment, the soil at the installation site is dug out and piles 1 are installed therein, even if the ground is undulating, by changing the excavation (hole) depths D4 and D5 in the higher-level ground and in the lower-level ground as shown in
FIG. 28 , it is possible to installpiles 1 with the upper ends thereof aligned at the same height. Accordingly, it is not necessary to level the ground. Therefore, it is possible to significantly reduce the total cost required for installing solar panel mounting stands, specifically, total cost for installing solar panel mounting stands on the undulating ground or on the inclined ground. Furthermore, as for the undulating ground, it is possible to successfully cope with nearly 1-meter undulation. - Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of
piles 1 are supported by astructure 20, and while this condition is maintained, eachpile 1 comes in contact with the plannedinstallation ground surface 19 and is securely fixed by the soil used for refilling. Therefore, it is possible to precisely install a plurality ofpiles 1 at the installation site of the solarpanel mounting stand 10. Meanwhile, for example, when driving piles into the ground, respective piles need to be driven into the ground one by one. In this case, it is very difficult to precisely drive piles at desired locations at desired depth. Consequently, deviation tends to occur in the relative positions of the plurality of piles. Therefore, in the process of mounting members constituting a framework of the solar panel mounting stand, on a plurality of piles, positions of the holes provided in the members are greatly misaligned, which could possibly prohibit mounting of the members. Even if all members can be mounted, distortion may occur in the entire solar panel mounting stand. - Meanwhile, by using the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to the embodiment of the present invention, piles 1 are securely fixed by compacting the refilling soil while maintaining the relative positional relationships of the plurality of
piles 1 by using thestructure 20; therefore, it is possible to precisely install a plurality ofpiles 1. Consequently, it is possible to mount all members as prescribed without causing the entire mounting rack to distort. Furthermore, since a plurality ofpiles 1 can be installed simultaneously at the installation site of the solarpanel mounting stand 10, construction efficiency significantly increases. As a result, it is possible to simultaneously reduce the installation cost and increase pile installation accuracy. - Furthermore, in the method of installing a solar panel mounting stand according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the
structure 20 that supports a plurality ofpiles 1 is hoisted by a crane and transported to the installation site of the solarpanel mounting stand 10, an unnecessary force is not imposed on thepiles 1 during transportation. Therefore, relative positions of the plurality ofpiles 1 do not change. Furthermore, while piles are hoisted by a crane (piles stay afloat), it is possible to move the positions of entire piles in the horizontal direction without applying a large force while the relative positions of the plurality ofpiles 1 are maintained. Therefore, it is possible to easily position the projectingportions 3 ofrespective piles 1 on the corresponding planned installation ground surfaces 19. - Moreover, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiment, and includes variety of modifications and alterations within a scope capable of deriving specific effects obtained by constituting features of the invention and a combination of them.
- For example, in the above embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of the
pile body 2 is circular; however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the cross-sectional shape of thepile body 2 may be a prismatic column such as a quadrangular prism. - Furthermore, the planar shape of the projecting
portion 3 is not limited to a square or other quadrangles, and can be of any shape as long as it receives the load of the refilling soil on the surface thereof; for example, it can be a polygon, circle, oval, flower-petal shape, or cross-like figure. Furthermore, in addition to providing the projectingportion 3 at the lower end of thepile body 2, two or three projecting portions may be disposed at the lower end portion of thepile body 2, which is eventually buried in the soil, at certain intervals in the longitudinal direction of thepile body 2. - Furthermore, it is preferred that the projecting
portion 3 be formed into a flat plate-like shape so as to be a simple structure and efficiently receive the load of the soil; however, the shape is not limited to the flat plate-like shape. For example, although not shown, a part of or the entire outer circumference edge of the projectingportion 3 may be bent upward. Furthermore, when the projectingportion 3 is formed into a plate-like shape, instead of disposing the projectingportion 3 at a right angle with regard to the central axis of thepile body 2, the projectingportion 3 may be disposed slightly inclined (preferably, an inclined angle of more than 0 degrees, and equivalent to or less than 30 degrees). However, since piles according to the present invention are not driven or screwed into the ground, spiral-shaped piles are excluded. - Furthermore, members of the framework mounted onto the supporting legs 11 (piles 1) of the solar
panel mounting stand 10 are not limited to the aforementioned members, and they may be any member to which solar panels can be mounted. Furthermore, in this case, the shape of thecoupling portion 4 provided at the upper end of thepile body 2 can be changed according to the member mounted thereon; and it is also possible to mount framework members on thepile body 2 using separate mounting fittings or the like without providing acoupling portion 4. Therefore, thecoupling portion 4 may be provided as needed. - However, by adopting a configuration in which a
coupling portion 4 is integrally provided at the upper end of thepile body 2, and a trianglepanel supporting rack 12 is placed on top of thecoupling portion 4 and fixed, it is easy to obliquely mountpanel receiving members 17, and the mechanical strength (rigidity, etc.) of the entire mounting rack can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to reduce construction cost and material cost as much as possible, resulting in reduction of the total cost required for installing the solarpanel mounting stand 10. - Furthermore, because
panel receiving members 17 are made of lip groove steel, by changing the dimensions (mainly length) of the actually-used lip groove steel, hole positions, the number of members, etc., it is possible to mount different manufacturers' solar panels or change the number of solar panels made by the same manufacturer. - Furthermore, constituent material of the solar panel mounting stand is not limited to steel, but it can be any material as long as it satisfies the mechanical strength, durability, antiweatherability, etc., required for the solar panel mounting stand; for example, other metal (including alloy) such as stainless-steel, aluminum, etc., and plastic such as reinforced plastic can be used.
- <7. Other Preferred Aspect of the Present Invention>
- A pile of the present invention is preferable for the use as a supporting leg of the solar panel mounting stand; however, the pile can be widely applied to other use as well. For example, the pile according to the present invention can be used when an advertising display or a sign is installed on the ground. A preferred embodiment of the present invention in that case will be additionally described.
- (Supplementary Description)
- A pile includes a columnar pile body, at least the lower end portion of which is buried in the soil, and a non-spiral-shaped projecting portion provided at the lower end of the pile body so that it projects in the radial direction of the pile body, wherein when the lower end portion of the pile body is buried in the soil, the projecting portion inhibits the pull-off of the pile body under load of the soil.
Claims (7)
1. A method of installing a solar panel mounting stand using a pile as a supporting leg, the pile comprising: a columnar pile body, at least a lower end side thereof being buried in the soil when a solar panel mounting stand equipped with a plurality of supporting legs is installed on the ground; and a non-spiral-shaped projecting portion provided at a lower end of the pile body in a state projected in a radial direction of the pile body
and configured to inhibit a pull-off of the pile body under a load of the soil when the lower end side of the pile body is embedded in the soil;
the method comprising:
a first step of forming an installation scheduled surface on which the plurality of piles are scheduled to be installed at a position deeper than an original ground surface, by digging the soil of an installation site of the solar panel mounting stand;
a second step of installing the plurality of piles at the installation site by supporting the plurality of piles in a state of being relatively aligned, using a pile installation structure, and while maintaining such a supporting state, transporting the plurality of piles to the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand integrally with the pile installation structure, and placing the projecting portions, which are formed at lower ends of the plurality of piles, on the installation scheduled surface corresponding to each projecting portion, and thereafter refilling the installation site with soil;
a third step of removing the pile installation structure from the plurality of piles; and
a fourth step of assembling a member as a framework of the solar panel mounting stand, using the plurality of piles.
2. A solar panel mounting stand installation method according to claim 1 , wherein
in the second step, the pile installation structure supporting the plurality of piles, is hoisted by a crane and transported to the installation site of the solar panel mounting stand.
3. A pile used as a supporting leg when a solar panel mounting stand equipped with a plurality of supporting legs is installed, comprising:
a columnar pile body; and
a non-spiral-shaped projecting portion provided at a lower end of the pile body in a state projected in a radial direction of the pile body,
wherein at least a lower end side of the pile body is buried in the soil when the solar panel mounting stand is installed; and
the projecting portion is configured to inhibit a pull-off of the pile body under a load of the soil when the lower end side of the pile body is embedded in the soil.
4. The pile according to claim 3 , wherein
the projecting portion is formed into a plate-like shape having a larger external size than an outer diameter of the pile body.
5. The pile according to claim 3 , wherein
a coupling portion is provided on an upper end of the pile body, for assembling a member as a framework of the solar panel mounting stand.
6. A solar panel mounting stand equipped with a plurality of supporting legs, wherein
a pile is used as a supporting leg, said pile comprising:
a columnar pile body, at least a lower end portion thereof being buried in the soil; and
a non-spiral-shaped projecting portion provided at a lower end of the pile body in a state projected in a radial direction of the pile body, and configured to inhibit a pull-off of the pile body under the load of the soil when the lower end side of the pile body is embedded in the soil.
7. The pile according to claim 4 , wherein
a coupling portion is provided on an upper end of the pile body, for assembling a member as a framework of the solar panel mounting stand.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2013-18702 | 2013-02-01 | ||
JP2013018702A JP5592514B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2013-02-01 | How to install the solar panel mount |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20140215953A1 true US20140215953A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
Family
ID=51242333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US14/171,058 Abandoned US20140215953A1 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2014-02-03 | Solar panel mounting stand installation method, pile and solar panel mounting stand |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US20140215953A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5592514B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103973206A (en) |
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US9444396B2 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-09-13 | Sunrail Co., Ltd. | Solar photovoltaic power generation panel mount |
US20180367086A1 (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-20 | Thomas E. RUSSELL | Metallurgical steel post design for solar farm foundations and increased guardrail durability |
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US11444570B2 (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2022-09-13 | OffGrid Power Solutions, LLC | Modular solar skid with enclosures |
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KR101807837B1 (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2017-12-11 | 이엑스티 주식회사 | The fundamental construction method of solar beam module support |
CN106892056B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2021-10-08 | 宿州诺亚坚舟光伏科技有限公司 | Construction method of overwater photovoltaic power station |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2014148856A (en) | 2014-08-21 |
JP5592514B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
CN103973206A (en) | 2014-08-06 |
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