US20140196385A1 - Equipment enclosure and method of installation to facilitate servicing of the equipment - Google Patents
Equipment enclosure and method of installation to facilitate servicing of the equipment Download PDFInfo
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- US20140196385A1 US20140196385A1 US14/153,011 US201414153011A US2014196385A1 US 20140196385 A1 US20140196385 A1 US 20140196385A1 US 201414153011 A US201414153011 A US 201414153011A US 2014196385 A1 US2014196385 A1 US 2014196385A1
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- Prior art keywords
- enclosure
- equipment
- chassis
- roof
- power supply
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/02—Roof ventilation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
- F24F1/022—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing comprising a compressor cycle
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/16—Roof structures with movable roof parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/16—Roof structures with movable roof parts
- E04B7/166—Roof structures with movable roof parts characterised by a translation movement of the movable roof part, with or without additional movements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/16—Details or features not otherwise provided for mounted on the roof
Abstract
An equipment enclosure system includes an equipment enclosure mounted through a hole in a roof and a chassis supporting the mechanical equipment and which is moveable between a lowered position within the enclosure and a raised position relative to the enclosure to provide access to said equipment. A cover mounted on chassis advances into covering relationship over the enclosure when the chassis is retracted.
Description
- The present invention relates to enclosures for equipment which facilitate access to the equipment for maintenance. More specifically, the present invention relates to mounting equipment such as rooftop heating, cooling or ventilation equipment through the roof and into the interstitial space below the roof.
- A common technique used to install heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment, or other mechanical equipment for supporting building systems or processes, on a roof is to mount the equipment on a curb that rests on the surface of the roof. Generally, the section of roof that is framed by the curb is removed to allow ducts, pipes or electrical conduit to attach to the equipment. Using a curb is beneficial to installing the equipment directly on the roof surface for reasons such as avoiding damage to roofing materials, not blocking roof drainage paths, ensuring the equipment is above standing water or snow, and ensuring that the equipment is always mounted on a level surface.
- A drawback of mounting HVAC equipment on the roof in the traditional raised roof curb configuration is that the equipment is highly susceptible to damage and deterioration caused by wind, rain, hail and other forces of nature. The cabinets of the equipment begin to deteriorate over time which can lead to leakage and reduced efficiency. Rooftop equipment is often considered unsightly by owners and architects, and consequently expensive screening is required to camouflage the equipment.
- The construction of roof mounted HVAC equipment enclosures or cabinets is well known. A typical HVAC enclosure is illustrated by U.S. Pat. No. 4,118,083 issued to Lackey et al. It describes a cabinet (also commonly referred to as an equipment housing or equipment enclosure) surrounding piping, machinery, and electronics within. U.S. Pat. No. 4,139,052 to Lackey describes a conventional layout and construction of a contemporary roof top unit.
- These HVAC equipment cabinets may be round (in the case of exhaust fans) or rectangular (in the case of air handling and self-contained roof top systems). There are often openings in the roof, floor and sidewalls of the cabinets to allow air to flow in or out of the unit and also allow connections to the unit's internal piping and electrical circuitry. Generally, physical access to the internal components is provided by hinged or removable doors in the sidewalls of the cabinet.
- Improvements to the basic configuration of roof top mounted mechanical equipment have taken many forms. One such example for stand-alone refrigeration systems and enclosures is illustrated by U.S. Pat. No. 6,401,477 to Dubé. This patent describes a means to improve accessibility to the equipment inside the cabinet for maintenance purposes.
- Due to the desire to keep these cabinets light weight and low in cost, they are often formed from light gage metal. Unfortunately, this metal is easily damaged by high winds or hail. Items such as condenser coils are often installed in walls of the cabinets and these coils are also easily damaged by acts of nature.
- Gaps at the connection points of cabinet panels and access doors often result in air leaking into or out of the unit. This leakage can result in a substantial energy loss. Access doors are difficult to seal due to the differential pressures created by the circulating air inside the unit. Fastening devices for these doors often bend, break or become lost.
- These cabinets are also sources of energy loss for the building due to their relatively low insulation relative to the building roof or walls. Because of the large amount of cabinet surface area exposed to the outdoor temperatures, heat loss through the cabinet can be substantial.
- The enclosure is specifically designed to support and contain the internal equipment using a utilitarian approach. Aesthetics and conformance to the building architecture is generally not a consideration. For example, units placed on the roof of a Gothic style building or a modernistic building would have the same style. Architects have been known to refer to the roof mounted mechanical equipment as “roof warts” to denote their less than pleasing appearance. Therefore many buildings do not use roof mounted equipment because of the poor aesthetics that results.
- To address the aesthetic issues, architects often design elaborate screening systems that may consist of extended wall parapets, fences mounted on the roof, and similar enclosed structures designed to conceal the equipment enclosures from view. However, these aesthetic measures add significant cost to the building, impair roof maintenance, and can reduce the performance and efficiency of the mechanical equipment. Walls, parapets and other barriers often cause eddy currents on the roof that limit the proper exhaust or intake of environmental air.
- The invention described herein allows mechanical equipment for building systems or processes, such as HVAC equipment, to be installed so that the equipment is recessed into the roof when in service but which may be raised above the roof for maintenance to avoid the drawbacks of the traditional “above curb” configuration. The invention comprises an equipment enclosure which is designed to be recessed into the roof such that an upper end of the enclosure above or at the top of the curb. The invention allows the mechanical equipment to be recessed such that there is minimal, if any, projection of the mechanical equipment above the top of the roof curb or the roof. The invention also includes a means to allow physical access to the equipment via a covered access opening on the equipment enclosure which may also include a mechanism that raises the equipment to a more accessible location. By recessing mechanical equipment such as HVAC equipment into the roof opening framed by the curb, the invention minimizes the equipment's exposure to damaging weather, and also improves the aesthetics of the equipment installation. In some installations, the rooftop equipment may be virtually invisible when viewed from ground level.
- It is desirable for the roof curb to extend above the roof from a practical standpoint to prevent the entry of water caused by rain or melting snow. The roof curb height is often dictated by building code. The roof curb is generally flashed, sealed and covered with roofing material by the roofing contractor. The mechanical contractor installs equipment on the roof curb, and the curb may be furnished with the equipment or by a different contractor. This invention may utilize the same traditional roof curbs that are commonly used today for rooftop equipment installation and requires no special features or installation methods. The upper portion of the enclosure, extending above the roof may also be used to form the roof curb.
- Another feature of the equipment enclosure system is the arrangement of the equipment and components within the enclosure to permit operation of the equipment in a conventional manner within the recessed location. Generally, outdoor or ambient air must enter and leave the enclosure through openings in the sidewall and roof such as grilles, louvers and other protected openings. With the equipment enclosure system, the air flow path is primarily through the cover of the enclosure with limited air passing through the sidewalls. The equipment enclosure system may include features like high velocity fans, directional louvers and a distinctive configuration for the components including bulkheads such that incoming and outgoing air streams do not mix or interfere with each other.
- The equipment enclosure system may provide conventional ductwork connections to the cabinet below the roof plane, similar to traditional connections. One difference between the improved system and traditional rooftop equipment cabinets is that the improved system allows the enclosure or cabinet to recess within the curb and the interstitial space below the roof skin rather than positioning the cabinet on top of the roof curb. Traditionally, the interstitial space below the curb and roof is used for connecting ductwork serving the unit or for adding an occasional field installed item like a damper, smoke detector, heat wheel or similar auxiliary device. The present system can significantly reduce the number of roof penetrations required with a traditional roof curb mounting. This is beneficial because roof penetrations are often the cause of roof membrane failure and moisture leakage.
- The invention has several objectives. The primary objective is to conceal most if not all of the mechanical equipment while protecting the equipment from the forces of nature like strong winds and hail. A secondary objective is a reduction in the number of roof penetrations caused by screening systems and equipment connections. Another secondary objective is to reduce energy losses associated with the equipment cabinet by reducing the amount of cabinet area exposed to the outdoor elements. Lastly, the invention improves access to the equipment components while eliminating troublesome access doors and hatches.
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FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic, side view of a conventional roof top HVAC enclosure system installed on a roof, with the roof shown in cross-section. -
FIG. 2 is an illustration of the conventional roof top HVAC enclosure system shown inFIG. 1 with the addition of an extended exterior wall or parapet, and a visual screening system similar to a fence to hide the equipment for aesthetic purposes. -
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic side view of an improved roof top equipment enclosure system mounted at a reduced height with an equipment enclosure recessed into the curb space but not the interstitial space below the roof. -
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic side view of an alternative embodiment of the improved roof top equipment enclosure system in which an enclosure or cabinet containing mechanical equipment is fully recessed into the curb and the interstitial space below the roof. -
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of the system as shown inFIG. 4 showing the mechanical equipment mounted on a chassis raised from within the enclosure for service. -
FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic side view of an alternative embodiment of the improved equipment enclosure system mounted on an inclined roof with the equipment enclosure recessed into the curb and roof in a manner that maintains a level slope of the equipment enclosure and equipment enclosed therein. -
FIG. 7 . is a schematic, fragmentary, cross-sectional view of the equipment enclosure showing the chassis for supporting the equipment within the enclosure and showing a lift mechanism for raising and lowering the chassis and equipment relative to the enclosure. -
FIG. 8 is a view similar toFIG. 7 showing the chassis and equipment supported thereon raised to facilitate servicing or maintenance of the equipment. -
FIG. 9 is a diagrammatic, cross-sectional view of the chassis partially raised relative to the enclosure and showing a chassis bulkhead used to control air flow and compartmentalize the interior of the enclosure. -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the equipment enclosure system showing air conditioning equipment mounted on a chassis which has been raised for service from within an enclosure recessed in a roof. -
FIG. 11 is a diagrammatic, top view of the equipment enclosure system of the alternative embodiment as shown inFIG. 10 with the chassis and air conditioning equipment lowered into the enclosure and a cover for the enclosure removed. -
FIG. 12 is a diagrammatic, side view of the equipment enclosure system of the alternative embodiment as shown inFIG. 10 with the chassis and air conditioning equipment lowered into the enclosure and the cover secured over the enclosure. -
FIG. 13 is a top, plan view of the cover for the enclosure. -
FIG. 14 is a fragmentary, cross-sectional view taken generally along line 14-14 ofFIG. 10 showing the enclosure mounted through the roof with the chassis and air conditioning equipment removed. -
FIG. 15 is a piping diagram of a compressor, heat exchangers and evaporator of the air conditioning equipment ofFIG. 10 . -
FIG. 16 is a diagrammatic, cross-sectional view similar toFIG. 14 showing the enclosure with the chassis and air conditioning equipment in a partially raised position and showing a power supply plug assembly mounted on the chassis and a power supply receptacle assembly mounted on the enclosure. -
FIG. 17 is a diagrammatic view of the power supply plug assembly with portions removed to show detail. -
FIG. 18 is an end view of the power supply receptacle. - As required, detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which may be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed structure. The drawings constitute a part of this specification and include exemplary embodiments of the present invention and illustrate various objects and features thereof.
- Certain terminology will be used in the following description for convenience in reference only and will not be limiting. For example, the words “upwardly,” “downwardly,” “rightwardly,” and “leftwardly” will refer to directions in the drawings to which reference is made. The words “inwardly” and “outwardly” will refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of the embodiment being described and designated parts thereof. Said terminology will include the words specifically mentioned, derivatives thereof and words of a similar import.
- For reference purposes, and to provide clear context of the present invention,
FIG. 1 is provided to illustrate a commonly utilized method of mounting rooftop HVAC equipment or other mechanical equipment on a roof 1. The roof 1 shown is of the type havingstructural supports 2 and outer skin, roof skin or roof panel assembly 3. Thestructural support 2 shown is a truss, but may take other forms including beams, joists or girders and is employed to support outer skin 3 and associated roof mounted equipment. The outer skin 3 typically is formed from a lower layer ofdecking 5, an intermediate layer ofinsulation 6 supported ondecking 5 and an outer layer orflexible roof membrane 7 covering theinsulation 6.Decking 5 typically takes the form of corrugated metal. To supportmechanical equipment assembly 10 installed on the roof 1, aroof curb 11 that is flashed into theroof membrane 7 is provided. Theroof membrane 7 typically is positioned over theroof curb 11. The purpose of theroof curb 11 is to elevate the connection point of the roof 1 to themechanical equipment 10 to limit the potential of water entry, while also providing support for theequipment 10. - Referring again to
FIG. 1 , the mechanical equipment is contained within an enclosure orcabinet 13. Aconventional cabinet 13 typically containsaccess doors 14 orhatches 15 that provide service access to the equipment contained within. Theaccess doors 14 are generally supported byhinges 16 and kept closed bylatches 18. Thehatches 15 are held closed byfasteners 19 that may be bolts, screws or other type of device that secures thehatch 15 to thecabinet 13. Outside air or ambient air enters the conventional system throughlouvers 22 oropenings 23 in the sidewalls and roof of the cabinet. Electrical power is typically supplied to the equipment by means of adisconnect 24, and aconduit system 25. To allow passage of theconduit system 25 and similar appurtenances like piping and controls cabling, a roof flashingpenetration system 26 is required.Ductwork 27 is attached to thecabinet 13 above the roof skin 3.Ductwork 27 is then routed through the roof skin 3 within the confines of theroof curb 11 and then may be routed below theroof support structure 2 as shown byduct 28 or within the space between structural supports as shown byduct 29. -
FIG. 2 shows a further known configuration of the equipment inFIG. 1 with an addedparapet wall 30, andhorizontal screening system 31 withvertical support members 33.Ventilation space 34 may or may not be included butadditional roof penetrations 35 are required to support thescreening system 33. The rooftop equipment assembly 10 is unchanged fromFIG. 1 .Support wall 36 of the building has been extended to form theparapet wall 30 to screen the roof mountedequipment 10. -
FIG. 3 depicts a simplified view of an improved equipment enclosure system of the present invention. The equipment enclosure systems of the present invention are particularly well adapted for use in enclosing mechanical equipment such as HVAC equipment, cooling water chillers, boilers, furnaces, power generators or the like which are used for supporting building systems or processes such as heating or cooling systems, ventilation systems and power supply systems. - HVAC equipment and chillers or boilers are adapted for moving fluids such as air or water through a building or processing equipment and may be referred to herein as air handling equipment when moving air and more generally as fluid handling equipment when moving fluids including air and water. Such air handling or fluid handling equipment may include equipment or components for heating or cooling or otherwise conditioning the air or fluids to be distributed by the fluid handling equipment. The air handling or fluid handling equipment may also be referred to as mechanical equipment.
- As used herein, mechanical equipment may also include equipment adapted for supplying or distributing power into a building for use by building systems or processing equipment therein. For example and as used herein, a generator may be described as mechanical equipment.
- The construction of roof 1 including
roof curb 11 is generally the same as described inFIGS. 1 and 2 . However,cabinet 42 and themechanical equipment assembly 41 enclosed therein is now recessed into theroof curb 10 such that the bottom ofcabinet 42 is supported on or just above theroof decking 5. This partial lowering of thecabinet 42 andequipment assembly 41permits louvers 43 and vents 44 to remain installed incabinet 42 in their conventional locations. Anelectrical supply conduit 45 and similar appurtenances are now routed directly to the cabinet from below the roof.Ductwork 46 is attached to thecabinet 42 through and just above thedecking 5. The mechanical equipment (not visible) within the cabinet 32 may be rearranged from its traditional configuration to permit construction of alower profile cabinet 42 if possible. - In embodiments described subsequently, the cabinet or equipment enclosure is recessed through and below the roof skin 3 and into the interstitial space extending below the roof skin 3. There are several reasons that the equipment enclosure may not be fully recessed into the roof interstitial space. First, there may be a need to keep the lower plane of the equipment enclosure above the roof surface for aesthetics or reasons of structural system interference. Second, there may also be a need for large air intake and exhaust openings which require significant portions of the equipment enclosure remain above the roof skin. Third, the physical size of the components inside the
equipment enclosure 42 may simply be too tall to fully conceal the equipment enclosure in the interstitial space below the roof. -
FIG. 4 discloses a diagrammatic view of an equipment enclosure system 50 of the present invention with a cabinet orequipment enclosure 52 completely recessed into theroof curb 11 and interstitial space below the roof skin 3 thus requiring vents/louvers 53 to be located in a roof ortop panel 54 of thecabinet 52. As used herein, the interstitial space may include the space located below theroof decking 5 but generally above the habitable or usable portion of the room extending therebelow. The interstitial space includes and may be limited to the space between the roofstructural supports 2 or may extend therebelow including any space extending to a ceiling such as a drop ceiling. As used herein, roof may include the upper skin or covering layer of a structure buried in the ground such that the roof may extend at ground level or below ground level. It is also foreseen that the equipment enclosure may be mounted through a floor that covers an interstitial space inside of a building for housing mechanical equipment. For example, a building may be constructed to include an interstitial space between every third floor to accommodate mechanical equipment. As used herein, the term roof may include such floors over interstitial spaces. -
Electrical conduit 55 and other similar appurtenances are routed directly to thecabinet 52 in the interstitial space.Ducts cabinet 52 in the interstitial space.FIG. 4 shows themechanical equipment 51 lowered into thecabinet 42 in an operational mode. All of the air that is exhausted or drawn in from ambient passes through thetop panel 54 of thecabinet 52. A relatively shallow cabinet with this embodiment may require only a hinged or lift offtop panel 52 to permit servicing of the interior components. However, deeper cabinets common to larger sizes will require a lifting mechanism for lifting the mechanical equipment upwards, out of the cabinet to gain access to the components of themechanical equipment 51 for service. An example of one embodiment of a lifting mechanism 60 is shown inFIGS. 5 , 7 and 8. -
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of the equipment enclosure system 50 with a recessedcabinet 52 as shown inFIG. 4 showing themechanical equipment assembly 51 positioned in a service mode with components raised out of thecabinet 52 and aboveroof curb 11 to provide easy access and facilitate maintenance and repair. In the embodiment shown, themechanical equipment 51 is mounted on a frame orchassis 61 which may be raised and lowered relative tocabinet 52. Representative components of themechanical equipment 51 mounted onchassis 61 and positioned for relatively easy access for maintenance and repair include one ormore compressors 63,fans 64, blowers 65, filters 66, and an evaporator or cooling coils 67. Other equipment that could be housed in the enclosure might include heat exchangers, pumps, chillers, burners and the like. No hatches or access doors are required.Ambient air dampers 69 and cabinet liners/insulation 70 can also be maintained and cleaned in this position. This embodiment uses the lifting mechanism 60 to raise and lower thechassis 61 as well as seal thecabinet 52 by compressing agasket 72 between a peripheral edge of thetop panel 54 mounted onchassis 61 and an upper edge orlip 73 ofcabinet 52. - Because not all roof systems are flat and horizontal,
FIG. 6 illustrates how the improved air handling system 50 may be used with aninclined roof 81. Thecabinet 82 is installed within thecurb 83 in a manner that keeps the equipment level. Ventilation is provided through louvers/openings in the cabinet top panel or cover 84 andconduit 85 andducts cabinet 82 below the roof skin 3 within theinterstitial space 88. - An embodiment of a suitable lifting mechanism 60 for the present invention is shown diagrammatically in
FIGS. 7 and 8 .Block 51 is representative of one of the components of themechanical equipment 51 mounted on chassis oropen frame 61.Chassis 61 shown is formed as a rectangular or cuboid frame with longitudinally extendingside rails 91 and end rails (not shown) suspended from the top panel orcabinet cover 54 by vertical frame members or posts 92. InFIG. 7 , thechassis 61 is retracted intocabinet 52. Thecabinet cover panel 54 extends over thecabinet end walls 93 and sidewalls 94 to form a weather tight seal using conventional means of sealing such as agasket type seal 72 on either the underside of the overhanging lip ofcabinet cover panel 54 or on the top of thecabinet sidewall 94. The lift mechanism as shown consists of a plurality of acme screws 95 rotatably mounted at lower ends toside rails 91 and at upper ends through thecabinet cover panel 54. Each acme screw 95 extends through and threadingly engages a threadedbearing 96 attached to acabinet sidewall 94.Screws 95 are operated by attachedsprockets 98 andtiming belt 99 or a chain. Timingbelt 99 may be motor driven or driven by a hand tool such as a battery operated drill with a bit engaging a socket (not shown) formed in an upper end of one or more of thescrews 95 to raise and lower thechassis 61. It is also foreseen that a tool engageable head (such as a hexagonal shaped head) may be formed on the upper end of one or more of thescrews 95 to be engageable by a socket on a power tool. As shown inFIG. 7 , thechassis 61 and attachedequipment 51 are in the lowered or operating position relative tocabinet 52. - In
FIG. 8 , thechassis 61 andmechanical equipment 51 are shown raised to the service position by lifting mechanism 60. Thelinear screw mechanism 61 is just one of many possible lift mechanisms that could be used to provide the linear motion required to raise, lower and secure thechassis 61 in thecabinet 52. The raising and lowering may be driven by hand crank, lever, wheel or automatically operated by an internal motorized system or external portable motorized device. Use of a separate, external power source, separate from any power supplied to themechanical equipment 51 orcabinet 52 is preferable for use in raising and lowering thechassis 61 relative tocabinet 52, as the power to theequipment 51 andcabinet 52 is typically disconnected before or during lifting of thechassis 61. The raising and lowering system should be capable of locking in the raised or lowered position for maintenance purposes. - The ability to form air tight compartments within the cabinet or
equipment enclosure 52 is important to the functionality of the equipment enclosure system 50 of the present invention when the equipment enclosed is air handling equipment such as air conditioning equipment. One approach to providing an air tight compartment is illustrated inFIG. 9 . Thecabinet 52 is of double wall construction, typically being two or more pieces of metal formed to construct thecabinet side walls 101, end walls (not shown) andbottom 103. Insulating foam is injected or placed in the cavity between the metal panels to form a relatively rigid assembly that has good acoustic, thermal and structural properties. The panels may be shaped to includeright angle lip 73 around the periphery of theside walls 101 and end walls for fastening the enclosure to theroof curb 11 using conventional fasteners of appropriate type depending on the materials used for the curb construction. The bottom orfloor 103 of thecabinet 52 is generally either flat or sloped to form a drain pan depending on the equipment use. Portions of the cabinet, under components such as the condenser compartments and cooling coil compartments will require a drip or drain pan configuration. The drain pan may drain by gravity or using a pump (not shown). - The interior of the
cabinet 52 is preferably smooth and sloped to act as a guide to precisely position thechassis 61 as it is lowered into the cabinet. A plurality of bulkheads are mounted onchassis 61 to form generally air tight compartments within thecabinet 52 around selected components when thechassis 61 is retracted therein. Referring toFIG. 9 abulkhead 107 is shown extending radially outward from aninlet 111 to the blower 65 which pulls ambient air into thechassis 52, through thefilter 66 and past the cooling coils 67 (seeFIG. 5 ). The cooled air is then pushed into aplenum 113 on an opposite side of thebulkhead 107. An opening (not shown) is formed throughcabinet 52, such as through thebottom 103 thereof and connected to anair supply duct 56. Pressurized and conditioned air blown intoplenum 113 is distributed to the associated building or space through ductwork connected to theair supply duct 56. - The
bulkhead 107 is formed around and supported by longitudinal side rails 91 (an additional, upper set of side rails 91 are shown inFIG. 9 ) and extends upwards to the underside ofcabinet cover 54. Side edges 117 ofbulkhead 107 match the geometry of the inner surface of the cabinet sidewalls and in the embodiment shown slope inwardly and downwardly. The side edges 117 and bottom edge 118 of thebulkhead 107 are fitted with a perimeter gasket or sealingmember 119 to form a leak resistant seal between the side andbottom edges 117 and 118 of the gasket and the inner surfaces of the cabinet sidewalls 101 and bottom 103 when thechassis 61 is fully lowered withincabinet 52. The lowering of thebulkhead 107 compresses the seal due to the mating taper of the bulkhead side edges 1 and the inner surface of the cabinet sidewalls 101. In addition, gasket or seal 72 positioned between thelip 73 and peripheral edge ofcabinet cover panel 54 forms a seal between thecabinet 52 and thecabinet cover panel 54 mounted onchassis 61 when thechassis 61 is lowered intocabinet 51. In the event cabinet seals 72 and 119 need to be replaced, the lift mechanism 60 provides complete access to thechassis 61 and bulkheads so these seals can be easily replaced. These seals could be molded or extruded rubber, silicon or similar elastomeric compound suitable for HVAC applications. - Referring to
FIGS. 11-16 , an alternative embodiment of anequipment enclosure system 200 which may be recessed within a roof 1 is shown.Equipment enclosure system 200 includes a cabinet, equipment enclosure ortub 201 which is adapted to be mounted within a hole through the roof skin 3 and achassis 203 for supportingmechanical equipment 204, which in the embodiment shown, comprises air conditioning equipment. Themechanical equipment 204 shown include acompressor 205,fan 206, heat exchangers 207,filter 208, evaporator or coolingcoil 209,blower 210,outside air damper 211, returnair damper 212,exhaust damper 213 and electrical power andcontrol equipment 214. It is to be understood that additional components could be utilized including for example a plurality ofcompressors 205 andfans 206 depending on the desired functionality and demands on theair handling system 200. Anenclosure cover 217 is connected to the top of thechassis 203. Thechassis 203 and the attachedcover 217 andmechanical equipment 204 mounted thereon are adapted to be raised and lowered relative to theenclosure 201 bylift mechanisms 219. - The
enclosure 201 shown may be fabricated from sheet metal in a double walled construction with the interior filled with insulating material. Theenclosure 201 includessidewalls 221, cabinet endwalls 223 andcabinet bottom 225. One ormore drains 227 may be mounted through the bottom 225 below the coolingcoil 209 and also under thecompressor 205. The outer surfaces 231 of thesidewalls 221 extend vertically andinner surfaces 232 preferably slope inward and downward. A mountingflange 235 projects outward from outer surfaces 231 ofsidewalls 221 and endwalls 223 for bolting to the upper surface of the roof 1 around the periphery of a hole 236 formed through the roof skin 3 to receive theenclosure 201. Theflange 235 may be formed by fastening an angle iron around the outer periphery of thesidewalls 221 and endwalls 223. In the embodiment shown, the portion of the cabinet sidewalls 221 and endwalls 223 extending above the upper surface of the roof 1 function as the roof curb with theroof membrane 7 extended against the exposed portions of the sidewalls and endwalls top edge 237 of the cabinet sidewalls and endwalls enclosure 201 is sized such that the portion extending below roof skin 3 fits between adjacent roof structural supports such astrusses 2. - The
chassis 203 is formed as a cuboid shaped frame with upper and lowerlongitudinal rails lower end rails vertical posts 245. Thechassis 203 may be formed from two or more frames 240 supporting different sets of components ofmechanical equipment 204 and which may be raised or lowered independently to permit a technician to service selected sets of components. Theenclosure cover 217 is mounted on or connected to the upperlongitudinal rails 241 and upper end rails 243 and includes alip 247 projecting outward fromrails top edge 237 ofenclosure 201 when thechassis 203 andcabinet cover 217 are lowered relative to theenclosure 201. A gasket (not shown) may be adhered to or otherwise secured to the underside of thelip 247 to form a seal withtop edge 237 ofenclosure 201 when thechassis 203 is retracted relative toenclosure 201. The cuboid shaped frame 240 is sized to fit within the interior space ofenclosure 201 when lowered relative thereto. - The
compressor 205,fan 206 and heat exchangers 207 are mounted onchassis 203 in acondenser section 251. As shown schematically inFIG. 15 , compressed bycompressor 205 is routed to through air cooled heat exchangers 207 to cool the compressed refrigerant. The compressed refrigerant is pumped bycompressor 205 tothermal expansion valve 252 where the pressure decreases abruptly causing the refrigerant to expand, generally to a gas-liquid mixture with a reduced temperature. The reduced temperature refrigerant is routed through the cooling coils 209 where it is completely vaporized by cooling the warmer ambient air or return air blown across the cooling coils 209. The refrigerant vapor returns to the compressor inlet and the cycle is repeated. - The heat exchangers 207 include first and second sets of
heat exchangers compressor 205 and generally surrounding the space immediately below thefan 206. Anexhaust outlet 253 is formed incabinet cover 217 overfan 206 and is covered by agrill 254. Exhaust fan bulkheads 255 a and 255 b (which may be constructed in a manner similar to bulkhead 107) are formed around and project outward from each set ofheat exchangers air intake openings cabinet cover 217 generally on opposite sides of the exhaust fan bulkheads 255 a and 255 b such that operation offan 206 creates a low pressure area betweenheat exchangers intake openings heat exchangers air intake openings - The
condenser section 251 is separated from the rest of thechassis 203 by a condenser section bulkhead 258 (which may be constructed in a manner similar to bulkhead 107) to form a seal withequipment enclosure 201 when thechassis 201 is lowered relative thereto.Exhaust damper 213 is mounted againstcondenser section bulkhead 258 on a side opposite thecondenser section 251 and around a return air opening throughcondenser section bulkhead 258. - The
exhaust damper 213 is mounted in anair intake section 260. Areturn air inlet 262 is formed in thecabinet bottom 225 below theair intake section 260 ofchassis 203. Areturn air duct 263 is connected to thecabinet bottom 225 around and in air flow communication withreturn air inlet 262. An airintake section bulkhead 265 is connected to thechassis 203 in spaced relation from thecondenser section bulkhead 258. Theair intake section 260 is further divided into areturn air section 267 and anoutside air section 268 by aninsulated divider panel 269 vertically bisecting theair intake section 260. Thereturn air damper 212 is mounted on the airintake section bulkhead 265 around a return air opening extending therethrough and below the insulateddivider panel 269. Theoutside air damper 211 is mounted on the airintake section bulkhead 265 around an intake air opening extending therethrough and above theinsulated divider panel 269. Airintake section bulkhead 265 may also be constructed in a manner similar tobulkhead 107 to form a seal withenclosure 201 when thechassis 201 is lowered relative thereto. - A supply
air intake opening 272 is formed incabinet cover 217 above theair intake section 260 and may be covered by a screen orgrate 273. The electrical power andcontrol equipment 214 may be supported on insulateddivider panel 269 inair intake section 260. - The
filter 208 andevaporator 209 are mounted onchassis 203 in acooling section 275 defined by the airintake section bulkhead 265 on one end and acooling section bulkhead 276 on an opposite end thereof. A supply section bulkhead 277 (similar in construction to bulkhead 107) is formed on thechassis 203 in spaced relation from thecooling section bulkhead 276 and on a side thereof opposite theevaporator 209 andfilter 208. Theblower 210 is mounted on thesupply section bulkhead 277 around a supply opening and on a side ofsupply section bulkhead 277 oppositecooling section bulkhead 276. The space between the coolingsection bulkhead 276 and thesupply section bulkhead 277 forms anegative pressure plenum 278 and the space on the opposite side of thesupply section bulkhead 277 forms apositive pressure plenum 279. Thepositive pressure plenum 279 generally comprises thesupply section 280 ofchassis 203.Blower 210 pulls air throughsupply air intake 272 and returnair inlet 262, throughoutside air damper 211 and returnair damper 212, through thefilter 208 and evaporator 209 (which cools the air) then throughblower 210 and into thesupply section 280.Sidewalls 281 and afloor 282 form an enclosure aroundevaporator 209 andblower 210 to prevent intake air from short circuiting around the components. - A
supply air outlet 283 is formed throughenclosure 201 to open into the space surrounding thesupply section 280. In the embodiment shown, thesupply air outlet 283 is formed in thecabinet bottom 225. Asupply air duct 284 is connected to thecabinet bottom 225 around and in air flow communication withsupply air outlet 283. - The portion of the
cabinet cover 217 extending over thecooling section 275, thenegative pressure plenum 278 and thepositive pressure plenum 279 is insulated and may be formed from a double walled sheet metal construction with a layer of insulation therebetween. Additional insulation or insulating panels may be used as appropriate on thechassis 203 to improve efficiency. - Lifting
mechanisms 219 shown are constructed similar to lifting mechanisms 60 and include a threaded shaft oracme screw 287, rotatably connected at an upper end to theenclosure cover 217 and extending therethrough. The threadedshaft 287 is aligned with and extends through upper and lowerlongitudinal rails shaft 287 is rotatably connected to lowerlongitudinal rail 242. The threadedshaft 287 of eachlifting mechanism 219 also extends through a threadedbearing 289 mounted onenclosure sidewall 221. Asprocket 291 is mounted onshaft 287 below theenclosure cover 217 and upperlongitudinal rail 241. Alift screw 287 is preferably mounted proximate each corner of thechassis 201 and acontinuous timing belt 292 engages each sprocket. Additional lift screws 287 may be utilized as needed. Asocket 293 is formed in the end of one or more of the acme screws 287 for engagement by a tool bit connected to apower drill 295 or the like for use in rotating the interconnected acme screws 287 and raising or lowering thechassis 203 relative toenclosure 201. If thechassis 203 is formed from multiple frames, separate belts for separate sets of drive screws in the corners of each frame may be used to independently raise or lower the individual frames. - Referring to
FIGS. 16-18 , an electricalpower disconnection assembly 301 is shown integrated into theequipment enclosure system 200.Power supply conductors 303 are routed from a power source and through anelectrical conduit 305 which extends throughenclosure sidewall 221 and is connected to ajunction box 307 mounted on an inner surface ofenclosure sidewall 221.Junction box 307 may be mounted within a groove orrecess 308 formed in an inner surface ofsidewall 221 so that thejunction box 307 is spaced outward from the lowerlongitudinal rail 242 of frame 240 so as not to interfere with retraction of thechassis 203 to the retracted position inenclosure 201. A knockout may be formed in thematerial forming sidewall 221 which is easily removed during installation to route theconduit 305 andconductors 303 therethrough. Lower voltage,system control conductors 304 may also be routed throughconduit 305 or a separate conduit connected tojunction box 307 throughsidewall 221. - A
power supply receptacle 309 and acontrol receptacle 310 are mounted in thejunction box 307 on opposite sides of analignment pin receiver 311. The higher voltagepower supply conductors 303 terminate at thepower supply receptacle 309 and the lowervoltage control conductors 304 terminate at thecontrol receptacle 310. - A
plug assembly 314 is mounted on thechassis 203 in vertical alignment with junction box 207.Plug assembly 314 includes apower supply plug 315 and acontrol plug 316 mounted on opposite sides of analignment pin 317 and withinplug assembly housing 318.Power supply conductors 321 are routed frompower supply plug 315 to mechanical equipment such ascompressor 205,fan 206 andblower 210.Control conductors 322 are routed fromcontrol plug 316 to thecontrol equipment 214.Plug assembly housing 318 is shown mounted on a bracket 323 connected to upper and lowerlongitudinal rails plugs alignment pin 317 pointing downward. Whenchassis 203 is fully retracted intoenclosure 201,power supply plug 315 and control plug 316 electrically couple withpower supply receptacle 309 andcontrol receptacle 310 respectively. Whenchassis 203 is raised relative toenclosure 201, plugs 315 and 316 electrically disconnect or uncouple fromreceptacles mechanical equipment 204 to allow an operator to safely work on the equipment. -
Power supply plug 315 is mounted within a non-conductive tube orsleeve 324 inhousing 318 and includes a plurality of high voltage conductor pins 325 mounted onplate 326 withintube 324.Plate 326 is spaced from a rear or inner wall oftube 324 bysprings 327.Power supply conductors 321 are electrically connected to the conductor pins 325. Thepower supply receptacle 309 includes a plurality of conductive,pin receiving sleeves 329 corresponding in number and arrangement as the conductor pins 325. -
Control plug 316 is mounted within a non-conductive tube orsleeve 332 inhousing 318 and includes a plurality of low voltage control pins 333 mounted onplate 334 withintube 332.Plate 332 is spaced from a rear wall oftube 332 bysprings 335.Control conductors 322 are electrically connected to the control pins 333. Thecontrol receptacle 310 includes a plurality of conductive,pin receiving sleeves 337 corresponding in number and arrangement to the control pins 333. - Pin mounting
plates control pins 333 slide within theirrespective sleeves plunger type micro-switch 339 is mounted withinplug assembly housing 318 proximate thecontrol plug sleeve 332 and alever arm actuator 341 is connected between the micro-switch 339 and thepin mounting plate 334 over aplunger 342 onswitch 339. - Conductor pins 325 are longer than control pins 325. In addition, control pins 333 are recessed further in
sleeve 332 than conductor pins 325 are recessed withinsleeve 324. Whenplug assembly 314 is advanced into engagement withjunction box 307, conductor pins 325 engage sleeves orreceivers 329 inpower supply receptacle 309 before control pins 333 engagecontrol pin sleeves 337 incontrol receptacle 310. When control pins 333 are fully inserted incontrol pin sleeves 337 further advancement ofcontrol plug 316 towardcontrol receptacle 310 causes receptacle 310 to compressplate 334 rearward or upward againstsprings 335 and pivotinglever arm actuator 341 againstplunger 342closing switch 339 which results in power being supplied to controlequipment 214. Supplying power to controlequipment 214 turns on or allows power to be supplied tomechanical equipment 204 such ascompressor 205,fan 206 andblower 210 through the connection betweenpower supply plug 315 andpower supply receptacle 309. - When the
chassis 203 is raised relative toenclosure 201 theplug assembly 314 is separated fromjunction box 307. Whencontrol receptacle 310 is pulled away fromcontrol plug 310,plate 334 initially moves away fromlever arm actuator 341 which allows spring loadedplunger 342 to return to an openposition opening switch 339 which shuts off the electrical load to themechanical equipment 204 which should prevent arcing betweenpower supply plug 315 andpower supply receptacle 309 as they are separated. In addition, because control pins 333 are shorter than conductor pins 325, the control pins 333 are withdrawn from electrical connection with control pin receivers 37 before conductor pins 325 are withdrawn from electrical connection withconductor sleeves 329 which also electrically disconnects themechanical equipment 204 before conductor pins 325 are fully withdrawn fromconductor sleeves 329 so that they do not unintentionally arc. - It is to be understood that while certain forms of the present invention have been illustrated and described herein, it is not to be limited to the specific forms or arrangement of parts described and shown. It is to be understood that the equipment enclosure system disclosed herein could be used in a roof extending over a pit or the like proximate a building or facility to which air, fluids or electrical power are to be supplied or distributed using the mechanical equipment enclosed in the equipment enclosure. The roof through which the equipment enclosure extends may be formed at ground level or extend below. It is also to be understood that the equipment enclosure system could be adapted to mount within a vertical wall with the enclosure extending into an interstitial space between an exterior and interior wall and the chassis mounted to move horizontally out of and back into the enclosure.
- As used in the claims, identification of an element with an indefinite article “a” or “an” or the phrase “at least one” is intended to cover any device assembly including one or more of the elements at issue. Similarly, references to first and second elements is not intended to limit the claims to such assemblies including only two of the elements, but rather is intended to cover two or more of the elements at issue. Only where limiting language such as “a single” or “only one” with reference to an element, is the language intended to be limited to one of the elements specified, or any other similarly limited number of elements.
Claims (22)
1. An equipment enclosure system for mounting equipment in association with a roof and including:
an equipment enclosure having an open top and an interior space for receiving the equipment;
means for mounting the enclosure such that a portion of the enclosure extends through a hole in the roof; and
a cover selectively advanceable into covering relationship over said enclosure and the equipment.
2. The equipment enclosure as in claim 1 wherein said means for mounting comprises means for mounting said enclosure in a hole through the roof such that a portion of said enclosure extends into an interstitial space below the roof.
3. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 1 in combination with the equipment.
4. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 1 in combination with the equipment and wherein the equipment comprises heating, cooling or ventilation equipment.
5. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 1 further comprising a chassis for supporting the equipment, said chassis moveable between a lowered position in which said chassis and said equipment are retracted within said enclosure and a raised position in which said chassis and said equipment are raised relative to said enclosure.
6. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 5 wherein said cover is mounted on said chassis.
7. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 5 in combination with said equipment and wherein said equipment comprises air heating or cooling equipment including a blower and a heating or cooling element, said blower pulling air into said enclosure through one or more air inlet openings in said enclosure or said cover, past said heating or cooling element and into a positive pressure plenum formed in said enclosure in part by a bulkhead formed on said chassis around said blower and sealing against an inner surface of said enclosure when said chassis is lowered into said enclosure.
8. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 5 further comprising first and second sets of power supply conductors for supplying power from a power source to components of the equipment; said first set of power supply conductors routed through said enclosure and said second set of power supply conductors mounted on said chassis and positioned such that advancement of said chassis to said lowered position advances said second set of power supply conductors into electrical connection with said first set of power supply conductors and advancement of said chassis to said raised position electrically disconnects said second set of power supply conductors from said first set of power supply conductors.
9. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 5 further comprising first and second sets of power supply conductors for supplying power from a power source to components of the equipment and first and second mating connectors electrically connecting said first set of power supply conductors to said second set of power supply conductors; said first mating connector mounted on said enclosure and said second mating connector mounted on said chassis such that advancement of said chassis to said lowered position advances said second mating connector into electrical connection with said first mating connector and advancement of said chassis to said raised positions electrically disconnects said second mating connector from said first mating connector.
10. An equipment enclosure assembly for mechanical equipment for building systems or processes; said equipment enclosure assembly including:
an enclosure with an open top;
a chassis for supporting the mechanical equipment, said chassis moveable between a lowered position in which said chassis and said mechanical equipment are retracted within said enclosure and a raised position in which said chassis and said mechanical equipment are raised relative to said enclosure to provide access to said mechanical equipment; and
a cover mounted on said chassis over said mechanical equipment and advanceable into and out of covering relationship with said open top of said enclosure.
11. The equipment enclosure assembly as in claim 10 further comprising means for securing said equipment enclosure through a hole in a roof of a structure such that the a portion of said equipment enclosure extends below the roof.
12. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 10 further comprising means for securing said equipment enclosure through a hole in a roof of a structure such that a portion of said equipment enclosure extends into the interstitial space below the roof.
13. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 10 in combination with said mechanical equipment and wherein said equipment comprises heating, cooling or ventilation equipment.
14. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 10 in combination with said mechanical equipment and wherein said mechanical equipment comprises heating or cooling equipment including a blower and a heating or cooling element, said blower pulling air into said enclosure through one or more air inlet openings in said enclosure or said cover, past said heating or cooling element and into a positive pressure plenum formed in said enclosure in part by a bulkhead formed on said chassis around said blower and sealing against an inner surface of said enclosure when said chassis is lowered into said enclosure.
15. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 10 further comprising first and second sets of power supply conductors for supplying power from a power source to components of the mechanical equipment; said first set of power supply conductors routed through said enclosure and said second set of power supply conductors mounted on said chassis and positioned such that advancement of said chassis to said lowered position advances said second set of power supply conductors into electrical connection with said first set of power supply conductors and advancement of said chassis to said raised position electrically disconnects said second set of power supply conductors from said first set of power supply conductors.
16. The equipment enclosure system as in claim 10 further comprising first and second sets of power supply conductors for supplying power from a power source to components of the mechanical equipment and first and second mating connectors electrically connecting said first set of power supply conductors to said second set of power supply conductors; said first mating connector mounted on said enclosure and said second mating connector mounted on said chassis such that advancement of said chassis to said lowered position advances said second mating connector into electrical connection with said first mating connector and advancement of said chassis to said raised positions electrically disconnects said second mating connector from said first mating connector.
17. A method of installing mechanical equipment on a roof of a structure, the method comprising:
a) providing an enclosure having an open top;
b) installing the mechanical equipment in the enclosure;
c) mounting a cover relative to the enclosure which selectively covers the open top of the enclosure;
d) forming a hole through the roof; and
e) securing the enclosure to the structure such that a portion of the enclosure extends through the hole in the roof.
18. The method as in claim 17 wherein the step of securing the enclosure to the structure includes securing the enclosure such that a portion of sidewalls of the enclosure extend above the roof.
19. The method as in claim 17 wherein the step of securing the enclosure to the structure includes securing the enclosure such that a portion of said enclosure extends into an interstitial space below the roof.
20. The method as in claim 17 wherein the step of installing the equipment in the enclosure includes installing the equipment on a chassis that is moveable between a lowered position in which the chassis and the mechanical equipment are retracted within said enclosure and a raised position in which the chassis and the mechanical equipment are raise relative to the enclosure.
21. The method as in claim 20 wherein the step of mounting the cover comprises mounting the cover to the chassis and over the equipment.
22. A method of installing mechanical equipment on a roof of a structure in which the roof includes a layer of insulation supported on roof decking, the method comprising:
a) providing an enclosure having an open top;
b) installing the mechanical equipment in the enclosure;
c) mounting a cover relative to the enclosure which selectively covers the open top of the enclosure;
d) forming a hole in the roof extending at least down to the roof decking;
e) forming a curb around the hole in the roof; and
f) positioning the enclosure on the roof such that at least a portion of the enclosure is recessed within the curb and into the hole formed in the roof.
Priority Applications (1)
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US14/153,011 US9291356B2 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-01-11 | Equipment enclosure and method of installation to facilitate servicing of the equipment |
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US201361751345P | 2013-01-11 | 2013-01-11 | |
US14/153,011 US9291356B2 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-01-11 | Equipment enclosure and method of installation to facilitate servicing of the equipment |
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US9291356B2 US9291356B2 (en) | 2016-03-22 |
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