US2013730A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

E N. JCOBI Sept. 10; 1935.

Patentecl Sept. 10, 1935 Briggs & Stratton Corporation,

Milwaukee,

Wis., a corporation of Delaware Application June 11, 1934, Serial No. 730,076

21 Claims.

Ths invention relates to new and useful improvements in looks and refers more partioularly to cylinder loeks.

It is an objeot of this invention to provide a cylinder look having greater security against un authorzed opening and. one in whioh decoding by conventional methods isrendered impossible.

With the above and other objects in view which will appear as the desoription proceeds, the invention resides in the novel construotion, combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafter desoribed and. more partioularly defined by the appended claims, it being understood that such changes in the precise embodiment of the hereindisclosed. invention may be made as come within the scope of the olaims.

In the aocornpanyng drawings, I have illustrated one complete example of the physical embodiment of my invention construoted aooording to the best mode so far devised for the praotioal application. of the principles thereof, and in which:

Figure 1 is a perspeotive view of the look oy1- inder and casing, shown disassembled;

Figure 2 is a cross seotion view through the assembled look, taken on the plane of the line 2-2, of Figure 3;

Figure 3 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in longitudinal seotion, taken on the piane of the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a cross seotion view taken through Figure 3 on the plane of the line 4-4;

Figure 5 is a detail perspeotive view looking into the casing;

Figure 6 is a detail section view taken through Figure 4 on the piane of the line 6--5;

Figure 7 is a detail section view through the cylinder taken on the piane of the line 7-! of Figure 1; and.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary detail seotion view through Figure 7 on the piane of the line 8-8.

Referring now more partioularly tothe accompanying drawings, in which like numerals indioate like parts throughout the several views, the numeral 5 designates generally the casing of the look, bored as at 6 to reoeive a cylinder 7. The oylinder 1 has an enlarged flange or head 8 at its outer end to oover the front of the casing 5 with an annular projection 9 on the underside of the head engaging in a counterbore I E).

A keyway H extends longitudinally into the cylinder from its front end, as is oustomary, to communioate With a transverse tumbler reoeiving ohamber l2. A plurality of looking tumblers 13 mounted in the ohamber I2 are spring urged to projeot their ends I4 into a longitudinal tumbler receiving groove l5 in the casing to normally secure the look cyiinder in a looked position. The tumblers are retraotable within the circumference of the oylinder to free the oylinder for rotation by the insertion of a proper key E8.

One side of the longitudinal tumbler receiving groove 35 has an inolined wa1l H leading from the bottom of the groove to a step H8, whioh forms a space for a longitudinally pivoted. locking bar !9, whioh funotions in a manner similar to the locking member shown and described. in Patent No. 1,950,723, issued to J. W. FitzGerald, March 13, 1934.

As best shown in Figure 2, this pivoted looking bar, whioh extends along the entire depth of the bere 6, has the cross sectional shape of a paw1, and the nose thereof is normally disposed. in the path of the projected tumbler ends to be engaged thereby upon rotation of the oylinder, eiected before all of its tumblers have been properly retraoted. Upon such rotation of the cylinder, while any one tumbler remains in its projected position, the pivoted locking member |9 is swung to its operative position by the engagement of such tumbler therewith.

T0 prevent aooidental turning of the locking member I9 to its operative po-sition, it is friationally he1d against turning by a spring H9 at the inner end. of the recess in which it is mounted, and whioh is p1aoed in oompression by the engagement of a pin 29 on the front end of the locking member with the under-surfaoe 2| of the oylinder head 8.

It is noted. that this under-surfaoe of the head 8 is out baok to define an annular channel 22, the inner wall of which is defined by acontinuation of the cylindrical surface of the cylinder. The purpose of this annular ohannel will be brought out hereinafter.

Inasmuoh as the locking member 19 might automatioally remain inoperative for long periods of time during which the look would be operated on1y by its proper key, there is a strong possibility that it might become frozen either through corrosion, or deposits of foreign matter. To offset this possibility, means are provided to exercise the looking member [9, or in other Words, move the same upon eaoh operation of the look. Ths means oonssts merely in the provision of a reoess 2| in the under-surfaoe 2! of the head. 8, into whioh the end of the pin 2%], moves during eaoh rotaton of the look oylinder to and from locked position, the pin 20 dropping into the recess as it passes by virtue of its being yeldably projeoted forwardly by the spring l9.

T0 acoommodate the projeotion of the tumbler ends 23 beyond the periphery of the oylinder during the inserton and removal of the key, 3. second longitudinal tumbler receiving groove 24 is formecl in the oasing diametrically opposite the groove I5. One side of this groove 24 is formed jointly by two pvoted levers 25 and 25. These levers are pvotally mounted at their inner ends by a. pin 2'! passing through overlapping inner end portions of the levers and ears 28 formed in the oasing by a longtudinal slot 29 out entirely through its wall for the reception of the levers end transverse reoesses or pookets 30 adjacent the inner end of the slot 29.

As hereinbefore noted, the levers 25 and 26 are overlapped, that is, they are in side by side relatonship, and. as best shown in Figure 3, the 1ever 25, Whioh may be termed the forward lever, is out out as at 3| to receive a projectng portion 32 on the lever 26. The face of the projeoting portion 32 of the lever 26 is thus flush With the face of the 1ever 25. Together, these two faoes or side walls of the levers 25 and 26 define one side of the tumbler reoevng groove 24, so that if the oylinder is turned to its position illustrated in Figure 2, which position is defined by the looking member l9 engaging the projected end of any tumbler, the opposite ends 23 of the tumblers Will be directly beneath the levers 25 and. 26.

Both 1evers 25 and 26 areacted. upon by torsion springs 33 and 34 respeotively, so that the forwalrd ends of the levers are al; 21.11 times biased tovvard. the center of the look. The torsion springs are coiled about the projeoted ends of the pivot pin 21, and have one end anchored to the casing and. their other ends engagng in holes formed in the sdes of the levers 25 and 26.

When the look is assembled, that is, with the oylinder inserted in the casing, the inwa,rd movement of the front ends of the levers is limited by the engagement thereof with the cylindrical surfaoe of the oylinder, so that the inner surfaces of the levers form oontinuations of the wall of the boro. In this assembled relationship, the ex treme forward ends of the levers, which are out down as at 35, extend intothe annular channel 22 in the head of the cylinder (see Figure 3). There is sufiioient clearanoe, however, between the outer wall of the channel 22 and the outer faces of the levers to permit a limited outward swnging movement on the part of the levers against the action of their respective springs.

It is noted that the relative widths of the tumbler ends I 4 and 23 with respect to the effeotive widths of their respeotive grooves I5 and 24 are suoh that when the oylinder is in its looked position and the tumbler ends 14 engage the solid side of groove I5, the diagonally opposite corners of the tumlolers are spaoed a comfortable distanoe from the solicl side of the groove 24, so that unless the cylnder can be released for counterclockwise rotaton, engagemeni: of the tumbler ends 23 with the solid edge of the groove 24 s impossible.

A degree of olockwise rotation is, however, permittecl the cylnder, while the tumblers are aotive, the limit of which is defineo'l by the engagement of the locking member |9 with the tumbler ends l4. Inasmuch as the levers define that sce of the groove 24 toward. Which the adjacent ends of the tumblers are moved during suoh permitted rotation of the cylinder as in an attempt te pick the look or to decode the same, il; follows thai; the inner surfaoes of the levers form the only abutment against which the tumblers oan be brought to bear in an attempt to decode the look, but in view of the faot that the levers are yieldable, decoding cannot be effected.

The eleotiveness of the levers is further enhanced by utilizing one of the levers as a, surface against which the front three tumblers bear and the other lever for the rema,ining inner two tumblers.

Another feature of proteoton afforded by this oonstructon is ootaineol through the provision of a notch 35 in the outer vvall of the annular channel 22, into .whch the extreme forward end 35 of either of the two levers may engage in the event the levers are pushecl outwardly and the cylinder forcibly turned. The engagement of the lever ends in the notch 35 thus defines a, positive limit for suoh foroed rotation.

It is also observed that the inner side faoe s of the levers are longitudinally grooved ras at 37 and that the adjaoent ends of the tumblers are notohed as at 38. Consequently, if an attempt is made to pick the look, suoh attempt Will generally be frustrated by the engagement of the notches 36 onto the leclges formecl by the grooves 31 in the levers.

A stili further protection against possible decoding is afforded by stepping part of the diameter of the bore 8, as at 39. In this manner the only surfaces against which the turnblers might be brought to bear are disposed at different distanoes from the axis of the oylinder and inasmuch as t is necessary to have a, surfaoe continuous and unloroken and. also parallel with the axis of the oylinder throughout ts entire extent to enable deooding of the look by bringing the tumblers to bear against suolo surface, it follows that by stepping part of the bores the requsite axially straight surface is not present end deooding is rendered impossible.

7 The seourity of the look is further inoreased by the provision of a. slidably mounted looking pn 43 carred by the oylincler and arrangecl to engage in the forward extremity of the groove 15. The proper key l5 has a. notch di te align With the inner end of this looking pin and. permit the saune to be oammeol into the cylinder as the cylinder is turned. In entering the notch 4|, the pin lfl positively holds the key against retraotion until the cylinder is again turned baok to its fully locked postion and precludes leaving the cylinder in an apparentiy locked but actually unlocked position, With the tumblers resting on the looking member L9, Whch is then in its inoperative position. Also, unless the key used is equipped with suoh notch 4|, t follows that the pin 40, being seoured against inward movement, Will prevent rotation of the cylincler.

From the foregoing desorption taken in connection With the aeoompanying drawings, it Will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, that this inventon affords novel means for preventng decoding of a, oylinder look and tha,t it also provides novel means for adding to the seourity of the look by preventng forced rotation of its cylinder and preolucling pioking of the look by conventional methods.

What I olaim as my invention is:

1. In a look, a bored casing, a look cylinder in all of the bore, sad member yielding radially a,s

fil

tumblers are projeoted endwise thereagalnst in an attempt to deoocle the look.

2. In a. look, a bored oasing, a look oylnder in the oasng boro, looking tumblers projeotable radially from the oylnder, means to look the oylinder against rotation beyond a. precletermned lmitecl degree in the event of rota.ton mparted thereto whle a.ny lookng tumbler 15 in any but fully retracted poston, and yeldable means carred by the oasing ancl disposed opposite the tumbler encls when the oylinder is. in sacl predetermined position of rotaton, said means yieldng radially as tumblers are projectecl endwise there against in an attempt to cleoode the look.

3. In a. look, a bored. oasng havng a. tumbler reoeiving groove in oommunioation wth ts boro, a, look oylinder in the casng boro, tumblers projeotable radially from the oylinder into said groove, and a. mova.ble member carried by the oasng and definng one edge of said tumbler groove, sad member movng radially a.s tumblers are projeoted endwse thereaga.inst, whereby deoodng of the look by brngng the tumblers against sad edge of the groove is preoluded.

4. In a. look, a bored oaslng, a. oylinder rotatable in the oaslng boro, radally projeotable tumblers oarried by the oylinder ancl engageoble With the casng to secure the oylnder positively against turnlng in one directon from a, predetermineol poslton bui; allowng a predetermined degree of rotation in the other direotion wthout requrng retraoton of the tumblers, and a yielolable member oarred by the oasing With one surfaoe thereof flush Wlth the boro in the oasing, said member beng so positioned. as to be opposte the ends of the tumblers when the oylnder s turned ts permtted distance in said seoond dreoton, and said. member yieldng as tumblers are brought to bear thereaganst in an attempt to deoode the look.

5. In a look, a. bored. oasing having diametrioally opposte tumbler reoelving grooves communioa.tng Wth ts boro, a. look oylnder rotatable in the oasing boro, tumblers oa.rred by the look oylnder and projeotable radally into the tumbler reoevng grooves, the relative szes of the projeoted tumbler ends and the grooves being suoh 215 to allow a. predetermned. degree of rotaton on the part of the oylinoler without requring retraotion of the tumblers, and a. yielclable member oarried by the oasing and defining one wall of the opposite tumbler groove, sad y;eldable member being so looated as to be opposite the adjaoent ends of the tumblers when the oylinder is turned. ts predetermned. permitted degree and yielcling a.s tumblers are brought to bear thereagainst in an attempt to decode the look.

6. In a. look, a. borecl oasing havng a longitudinal tumbler reoeiving groove oommunoatng with its boro, a. look oylinder in the oasing boro, tumblers carred by the oylincler and projeotable radially therefrom nto said. groove, and a pvoted lever definng one side of the groove, the pivot for said lever lyng in a, plano transverse to the look axs and beng spaoed radially from the look axs so tha.t said lever swings in a pla.ne substantally radal to the look axis.

7. In a look, a, bored. casing havng a. longitudnal tumbler reoeving groove oommunioatng with its boro, a look oylinder in the oasing boro, tumblers oarried by the oylnder and projeotable therefrom into sad. groove, a, pvoted. lever defining one side of the groove, means to yieldably hold the lever in a. position with one surfa.oe

thereof formlng substantally a. oontinuation of the boro of the oaslng, and the pivotal axs for sad lever being transverse to the look axs and. so looated that sad lever yelds radally Wth respeot to the look axs as tumblers are projected 5 endwise against sa.id surfaoe of the lever in an attempt to deoode the look.

8. In a look, a, borecl oasng, a look cylinder rotatable in the oasing boro, tumblers radia.lly projeotable from the oylincler for engagement With the oasing to seoure the oylinder in a looked. positon, springs to yelolably urge the tumblers onedreotion, and a radia.lly yieldable member definng the only wall surfaoe against whioh the tumblers may be brought to bear by lifting them endwse against the aoton of thelr sprlngs in -an attempt to deoode the look.

9. In a look, a bored oasng, a. look oylinder rotatable in the oasing boro, tumblers projeotable radally from the oylinder into operative engagement wth the casing to postively seoure the oylinder aganst rotation in one drecton but permitting lmited rotaton in another dreoton, spring means to so projeot the tumblers, ancl racally yeldable means alordng the only surfaoe aganst whoh the tumblers may be brought to bear by lifting them endwse against the aotlon of thoir sprngs in an attempt to deoode the look.

10. In a. look, e. bored oasng, a. look oylinder rotatable in the oa.slng boro, tumblers projeotable radally from the oylinder nto operative enga,gement With the oasing to positively sooure the oylncler aganst rotaton in one direoton but permtting limitecl rotaton in another direotion, spring means to so projeot the tumblers, and a momber carred by the oasng wth one surfaoe thereof ormng substantally a. oontinuation of its bere, saicl surfaoe belng the only surfaoe against whioh the tumblers may be brought to bear by lifting them endwise against the aoton of their sprlngs in an attempt to decode the look and said member yieloling radially as the tumblers are l'ftecl endwse against its said. surfaoe.

11. In a look, e. bored oasing havlng diametrioally opposte tumbler reoevng grooves communoating 'Wth its boro, a. look oylincler rotatable in the boro, tumblers carried by the look oylnder and projeotable radally therefrom, spring means to projeot the tumblers into one of the tumbler reoeving grooves, the engagement of the projeoted tumbler ends Wth the grooves positvely seouring the oylnder agalnst' rotation in one dlreoton but permttng a. limted rotation in the other direoton, a. ylelclable member oa.rred by the oasng and defining one wall of the other tumbler reoeiving groove, the other wall of sad. tumbler reoeiving groove beng suffioently far from the adjaoent edgs of the tumblers when the oylinder s in its looked postion to preclude engagement of the said edges of the tumblers With the edge of sa.id side wall of the groove as in an attempt to deoode the look, and the yieldable member overlyng the tumblers when the oylnder is turneol its permitted distanoe, whereby in an attemp-t to deoode the look sad member yelds as the tumblers are brought to bear thereagainst.

12. In a. look, a. bored oasng, a. look oylinder rotata.ble therein, looking tumblers oarried by the oylinder and engageable Wth the oasing to seoure the oylinder in looked postion, and. a. porton of the bere wall loeng radially yeldable so that a.s tumblers are projeoted. enclwse thereagainst, said portions move outwardly to prevent decoding of the look.

13. In a look, a, bored oasng, a, look oylinder in the oasng bore, tumblers oarried. by the oylncler and projectable radally therefrom, and a. radially yieldable member carried by the casing and having a surface normally forming a, continuaton of the casing bore, said member yelding radially as tumblers are projeoted endwise thereaganst in an attempt t0 decode the look.

14. In a look, a, bored casng, a. look cylnder in the oasing bore, tumblers carred. by the cylinder and projeotable radially therefrom, and a. plurality of members movaby mountecl on the casng and. havng surfaces adapted to forno continuations of the bere in the casing, and sad members yelding radially as tumblers are projeotecl endwse thereagalnst in on attempt to deoode the look.

15. In a. look, a bored casing, a. look oylinder mounted. in the casing bore, turnblers carred. by the oylinoler and projeotable raclally therefrom for engagement wth the casng to seoure the cylinder in looked. positon, end a. member extendng longitudinally of the oasing end movably mounted in the wall of the oasing and normally in a positon at whoh its inner surface forms substantia,lly a oontinuaton of he casing bore, means to yeldably maintan sacl member in sa.id postion, and sad member yielding raolally a.s tumblers are projeoted endwise thereaganst; in an attempt to deoode the look.

16. In a. look, a bored oasing, a, look oylinder mounted in the casing bore, lockng tumblers projeotable raolally from the oylnder for engagement With the casing to seoure the oylinder in looked position, and a lever pvotally mounted. at one end portion of the oasing, and dsposed longtudiually in a. slot in the casing with its inner surfaoe normally 'ormng substantally a continuation of the bore of the oasing, yieldable means to maintan the lever in its normal position, and said lever yeldng radally as tumblers are projeotecl endwise against ts inner surfaoe in an attempt to deoode che look.

17. In a. look, a bored oasing havng a. longitudinal tumbler reoeiving groove oommunoating with its bore, a look oylincler in the boro tumblers oarriecl by the oylnder end. projeotable radially therefrom into sal. groove, and a movable member carred by the oasing to define one side of said groove, sad movable member and the tumblers havng notohed portions adapted. to inter-engage to preclude piokng of the look.

18. In a look, a bored oasng havng a, tumbler reoeving groove oommunicating Wth its bore, a look oylinder rota.table in the casng bore, look ing tumblers projectable radially from the oylinder for engagement in the groove, and a pivoted lever carred by the casing and defining one side of sacl groove end a porton of the boro of the oasing so tha,t sad pvoted lever afforcls an edge against whch the tumblers may be brought to bear, sad lever and the tumblers havng ooop era,ting notoheol portions to nter-engage and preclude poking of the look.

19. In a look, a. oasing ha,vng a, bare part of whioh s stepped. Wth dfferent diameters, said casing also having a tumbler reoeiving groove one side of which oommunoates With the stepped portion of the bore, and lookng tumblers projectable radially from the cylinder and into said. groove, the stepped formaton of the boro adja oent said side of the groove precluding decoding of the look by brnging the tumblers to bear against the edge of the groove a.t said sde thereof.

20. In a look, a. bored casing, a, look cylnder rota.table in the bore, lookng tumblers projeotable radially from the cylinder, a. movable member oarried by the oasing and ha.vng a part normally forming a, contnuation of the boro in the oasing, sa,id pari: affording the only surfaoe against whioh the tumblers may be brought to bear in an attempt to deooole the look, and said.

cylinder and engageable With the oasing to releasably secure the oylinoler against rotation, a, movable looking member carried by the oasing and lying in a positon engageable by any tumbler not fully retraoted to be moved thereby to a position postvely nterlocking the oasing end cylinder in the event of rotation of the oylinder Whle suoh tumbler remains in a projeoted positon, and means to move said. looking member With a, non-locking movement during eaoh actuation of the look by a proper key whioh retracts all of the tumblers to preclude meohanioally freezing the locking member in its inoperative poston.

EDWARD N. JACOBI.

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