US2012100A

US2012100A - Liquid fuel burner

Info

Publication number: US2012100A
Application number: US581647A
Authority: US
Inventors: Howarth Ashton
Original assignee: EDWIN PIERCE WEBER; HENRY S BOYCE
Current assignee: EDWIN PIERCE WEBER; HENRY S BOYCE
Priority date: 1931-12-17
Filing date: 1931-12-17
Publication date: 1935-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 1952-08-20

Description

`Aug. 20, 1935. A. HOWARTH 2,012,100

LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed Dec. 17, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 jfs/fan Hawaii/L,

www

Aug. 20, 1935. A, HQWARTH 2,012,100

LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed Dec. 17, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 1N VEN TOR.

5mm Hamm,

A TTORNE Y.

'Patented Aug.- 20, 19.35

UNITED STATES LIQUID FUEL BURNER Ashton Howarth, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor of `one-half to Edwin Pierce Weber, Philadelphia, Pa., and one-half to Henry S. Boyce, Wayne, Pa.

Application December.17, 1931, Serial No. 581,647 11 Claims. (Cl. 158-28) My inventionrelates to liquid fuel burners, and it relates more particularly to apparatus which is adaptable for use in connection with domestic heating furnaces, for supplying thereto, at the 5 proper times, a suitable quantity of burning liquid fuel.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a liquid fuel burner of the character aforesaid, which will be entirely automatic in its action, and relatively inexpensive in construction and operation.

A further object of my invention is to provide an oil burner of the automatic type, which is so constructed and arranged that the supply of liquid fuel to the atomizing nozzle is automatically shut off in advance of the discontinuance of the operation of the air blower, to the end that the gases in the fire chamber will be entirely consumed, or at least ejected therefrom, thus obviating any likelihood of subsequent explosion of the same.

The nature and characteristic features of my invention will be more readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, in which:

Figure 1 is a top or plan view of an oil burner embodying the main features of my present invention;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation thereof;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view, showing the arrangement of the air inlet flue, and illustrating the fuel atomizer, the pipe line leading thereto, and

theignition electrodes;

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a detail view, partly in section and partly in elevation, illustrating a preferred form of mechanism for controlling certain of the electrical circuits used, whereby the motor may be permitted to operate for a definite time period after the supply of oil to the nozzle is discontinued;

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the piping arrangement, illustrating the relative location of `certain of the parts of the apparatus with respect thereto; and

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view illustrating an arrangement of circuits which may be employed.

It should, of course, be understood that the description and drawings herein contained are illustrative merely, and that various changes and modifications may be made in the structure dis-.-

closed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Referring to the drawings, in the particular embodiment of my invention therein shown, I is a boiler, heater, or other similar device, in the combustion chamber of which the liquid fuel is burned. An air flue Il extends thereto from a housing i2 forming an enlarged air chamber to which the outlet pipe i8 of a blower I4 extends. The blower H may be of any preferred type, the 10 impeller (not shown) of which is actuated by an electric motor i5.

The electric motor I5 also serves to actuate a pump i6, which also may be of any preferred construction, and consequently, the internal arrangement thereof is not shown.

A supply pipe Il extends from the liquid fuel reservoir (not shown) to the pump i6, and a strainer i8, ofv any preferred type, may be interposed in this pipe I1 if desired. Another pipe 20 I9 extends from the outlet side of the pump i6 to a pressure regulating valve 20. The pressure regulating valve may be of any of the preferred types which are readily procurable, for the purpose of insuring delivery of the liquid fuel to the burner atomizer at a constant pressure, notwithstanding variations in pressure in the supply line.

An overflow pipe 2l extends from the pressure regulating valve 20 back to the reservoir. The 30 liquid fuel which passes to the burner atomizer from the pressure regulating valve 20 is carried by means of a pipe 22 to a solenoid shut-off valve 23, of the common and well known type.

A pipe 24 extends from the solenoid shut-off 35 valve 23,`through the air chamberprovided by the housing l2, thence through the air flue Il, to the combustion chamber of the furnace of the boiler I0, being provided on the end theieof with an atomizing nozzle v25 of .the usual type. 40

Within the air flue Il, adjacent the atomizing nozzle 25, there is mounted a device (see.Figs.-4 and 5) for agitating 'the air passing therethrough, comprising a plurality of radially disposed inclined blades 26. A plurality of brackets 21 are 45 carried by the pipe 24 which extends to the atomizing nozzle 25, these brackets 21 serving to support porcelain sleeves 28, through which the

highltenslon ignition wires

29 and 30 extend.

Each of the

ignition wires

29 and 30 is bent 50 inwardly at its end, so as to bring the terminals thereof in proximity to each other, to provide electrodes 3l and 32 in the path of the liquid fuel sprayed from the atomizing nozzle 25, sc that when the high tension current is supplied to the wires 2t and dit, in the manner to be hereinafter described, the liquid fuel will thereby be ignited.

A branch pipe 33 extends from the pipe 25 to one end of a cylinder 3d. A regulating valve 35 is interposed in the branch pipe A piston 36 is slidably mounted in the cylinder 3d, and is normally impelled toward the front end thereof by a coil spring 3l, which is mounted within the cylinder at the rear of the piston Bti.- The rear end of the cylinder d is connected by a pipe 33 to the drain pipe 2i which extends from the pressure regulating valve 2t to the reservoir, so that the rear end of the cylinder 8d is maintained free of any appreciable pressure, and any of the liquid fuel which leaks past the piston 38 will be readily drained away.

The piston 36 is mounted on the front end of a rod Se, which extends through the rear end oi the cylinder 3d, any suitable form of packing being provided to prevent leakage of the liquid fuel at this point. The rear end of the rod 3S is guided in a suitable bracket dii, and is provided with collars li and 32, which serve to limit the extent of longitudinal movement of the rod 39, and the piston d@ carried at the forward end thereof.

Collars dit and it are also positioned at suitable locations upon the rod 38, and serve to actuate -a mercury switch d5. The mercury switch 45 is of the usual type, comprising a glass bulb de closed at its ends, and having a globule of mercury adapted to make contacts with a pair of electrodes at either end, accordingly as the tube is tilted in one direction or the other. The switch d5 is preferably of the snap type, and is moved to its respective positions by means of an arm ill, which is engaged and actuated by the collars i3 and ttl accordingly as the piston 36 is moved within the cylinder 3d.

The circuits employed for the operation and control of the various parts, as well as the devices not hereinbefore described for controlling said circuits, may now be described, reference being more particularly had to Fig. 8 of the drawings.

There is provided a thermostatic switch 48,

' which may be of the type usually employed in a room of a dwelling or other building which isA to be heated by the heating plant in connection with which the burner is used, so as to be responsive to temperature changes in the living portions of the building.

There may also be provided a thermostatic switch 49, which, in the case of hot water heating plants, for instance, may be mounted upon the riser pipe of the heater, so as to be respon- ,sive to temperature changes in the water passing therethrough. This switch 49 may also be of any of the usual types which are used for this purpose.

There may also be provided a thermostatic stack switch 50, which is mounted on the smoke pipe so as to be responsive to temperature changes in the flue gases, and which is adapted to switch the current from one line to another, according to whether or not the flue is heated by the passing of the burned gases therethrough. This switch also may be of the type customarily employed for such purpose.

There may also be provided a switch device 5I, for controlling certain of the circuits.

The switch device 5l is provided with a mercury switch comprising a tiltable tube 6|, having a pair of electrodes at one end thereof,

adapted to make contact and thereby control certain of the circuits, as will hereinafter appear. The tube Si is mounted upon a rockable member 62, having armatures which are adapted to be attracted by the pole pieces of magnets 53 and 5d.

For convenience in making the connections, the switch device 5| is provided with binding posts t@ and 6l, arranged near the top of the structure; binding posts B9 and 10, arranged near the bottom at the right hand side of the structure; and binding posts li, l2, and 13, arranged near the bottom at the left hand side of the structure.

The current is supplied by means of power leads M and 15, passing through a main switch '66, which is adapted to be opened when it is desired to disconnectlthe device. The current passes from power lead lil to line lll, to lines 60 and 65, to binding post 66.

Line 8@ is connected from lines ll and til to the thermostatic switch Q8, which is open when the room temperature exceeds the desired amount, and closed when it is less than the desired amount.

Line 8i extends from thermostatic switch 48 to thermostatic switch 4Q, which is open when the temperature of the water passing through the riser of the heating system exceeds the desired amount, and closed when the temperature of said water falls below the desired amount.

Line 82 extends from the thermostatic switch 49 to binding post 12, and line 83 extends from binding post l2 to thermostatic stack switch 58. The stack switch 5E! is provided with two mercury switches, having glass tubes 8G and 85, respectively, which are adapted to be tilted in unison. Said tubes 84 and 85 have electrodes at the respective opposite ends thereof, so that the circuits respectively controlled thereby will be closed when the tubes are tilted in one direction or the other, according to whether or not the burner is functioning.

The line 83 which extends to stack switch 5D is connected by line 86 to one of the electrodes at one end of the tube 84, and is also connected by wire 8l to one of the electrodes at the opposite end of the tube 85. It will, of course, be understood that each of the tubes 84 and 85 is provided with a globule of mercury for establishing the electrical contacts through the electrodes provided at the opposite ends of said tubes, the arrangement being such that when said tubes are tilted in one direction, when the smoke pipe or stack is cold, one circuit will be established by one of said tubes, and when said tubes are tilted in the other direction, when the smoke pipe or stack is hot, another and different circuit will be closed. The tubes are shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings in the cold position.

The electrode at the end of the tube 84, other than that to which the line 86 is connected, is connected by line 88 to binding post 1I. Binding post 1| is connected by line 89 to one end of the magnet coil 63. The other end of the magnet coil 63 is connected by line 90 to binding post 65.

The tube 6I is provided with an electrode which is connected by line 93 to binding post 61. Line 94 extends from binding post 61 to an electrode at one end of the tube 46 of the mercury switch 45. The other electrode at the same end of the tube 46 is connected by line 95 to line 95 which extends to the motor I5. The motor I5 is connected by line 91 to binding post 69, which in turn is connected by line 98 to binding post 10. Bindy functioning of the same,

binding post 66, byline ing post 10 is connected by line 88 to 'the main pwer lead 16, through the switch 16. y

Referring again to the stack switch 60, the

electrode at thesame end o! the mercury tube 86' as the electrode to which the line 8 1 is connected, is connected by line |00 to binding post 13, which in turn is connected by line |0| to one end of the magnet coil 64. The other end -of the magnet coil 64 is connected by line |02 to binding post 68.

The tube 6|, which is controlled by magnet coils 63 and 64, has an electrode which is connected by line |04 to binding post 66, the other electrode, as pointed out above, being connected by line 93 to binding post 61.

'Ihe end of the tube 46, opposite that to which the electrodes are connected by lines 84 and 86, is provided with electrodes, one of which is connected by line |05 to line 86 which extends to the motor I5, and the other of which electrodes is connected by line `|06 to line 11 which extends from the main power lead 14, through the switch A shunt line |01 extends from line 84 to one end of the coil |08 of the solenoid shut-oil valve 23. The other end of the coil |08 of the Ivalve 23 is connected by line |08 to line 91 which extends from the motor I6.

lBinding post 69 is connected by line ||8 to one end of the primary coil ||I of a transformer ||2. The other end of the primary coil III is connected by line I3'to binding post 1 I. Thesecondary coil I I4 o'f the transformer |2 is connected by the

high tension lines

28 and 38 to the ignition electrodes 8| and 32 The operation of the apparatus may now be described. It will, of course, be understood that when the room temperature exceeds a certain amount, the thermostatic switch 48 will be open, and likewise when the temperature of the water in the heating system exceeds a certain amount, the thermostatic switch 49 will be open, and the device will be in the inoperative condition, as shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings.

When, however, both of these switches are brought to their operative positions, by the proper current will now from power lead 14 to line 11, thence by

lines

60 and 80, through thermostatic switch 48, thence by line 8 I, through thermostatic switch 48, thence by line 82 to binding post 12, thence by line 88 to thermostatic switch 50.

As the tube 64 is initially tilted to the closed position, the current will pass by line 86 through the electrodes at one end of the tube 84, thence by line 88 to binding post 1I, thence by line 88 -to the magnet coil 63, thereby energizing the same, thence passing by line 90 to binding post 69, thence by line 98 to binding post 10, thence by line 88, through the switch 16, to the power lead 16.

At this stage of the operation, the tube 6| having been tilted by the energization of the magnet coil 63, the current will be permitted to pass from |04, through the electrodes at the right hand end of tube 6|, to line 88, thence through binding post 61 and line 94, through the electrodes at the right hand end of tube 46 o! mercury switch 45, thence by

lines

85 and 86 to the motor I6, starting the same and thus bringing the blower and pump into operation.

vThe current will then pass byline 81 from the motor I5, to binding post 68, and thence, as hereinbefore described, by means of line 98, binding post 10, and line 89, through switch 16, to power lead 15. f

When the current passes to the motor as aforesaid, the coil |08 of the solenoid valve 28 will be energized, the current for this purpose passingA from line 84, through line |01, thence through coil I 08, thence by line I 08 to line 81, thus opening the valve and permitting the liquid fuel, under the pressure generated by the pump I6, to pass to the pipe 24, the pressure being regulated and held constant by means of the pressure regulating valve 28.

As the pressure builds up in the pipe 24 winch extends to the burner atomizer, said pressure will be transmitted through the pipe 88 to the front end of the piston 86, causing the same to be moved within the ycylinder 84 against the tension of the spring 81, and after the-pressure has been suiiiciently built up to cause the piston to be moved a certain distance, thecollar 48 on the piston rod j 88 will, by its engagement with the arm 4.1' of the switch 48, cause the tube v46 of said switch to be tilted, thereby opening the circuit through the electrodes at the right hand end thereof, and closing the circuit through the electrodes at the left hand end thereof.

The current will now pass directly from line 11,

by means of line |08, through the electrodes atl the left hand-end of the tube 46, thence by lines |06 and 86 to lthe motor I6, thence by iine 91, through -the path hereinbefore described. to line 89, which is connected, through the switch 16, to power lead 16. l

, It may here be noted that, inasmuch as the tube 6| has been tilted to make the contact at the right hand end thereof, the coil of the solenoid valve will continue to be energized to maintain said valve in' the `open position, by means of the current passing from binding post 66, by line |04,

through the electrodes at the right hand end of tube 6|, thence by line 88 to binding post 61, thence by line 94 to line |01 which is connected to said coil, the remainder of the circuit being established by reason of the connection of line |09 to line 91.

So long as the parts of the stack switch are in the cold positions, the current will flow from binding post 1|, through line II8, to the primary coil ||I of transformer II2, thence by line ||0 to binding post 68, which is connected by various lines, hereinbefore described, to the main power lead 16. Consequently, by reason of the energization of theprimary coil |I| of the transformer ||2, the high tension current will be caused to pass through

lines

28 and 80, to the electrodes 3| and 82, which are disposed in the proper location with respect to the atomizer to ignite the finely divided particles of liquid -fuel sprayed therefrom. y

After the fuel emerging from the atomizer has been burning for a short time, it will be apparent that the smoke pipe or stack will become heated, causing the tubes 84 and 66 of the stack switch 60 to be tilted, whereupon the circuit theretofore maintained through the electrodes at the left hand end of he tube 84 will be opened, and the circuit controlled by the electrodes at the right handend of the tube 66 will be closed. 'I'he current which comes through line 63 will be shifted, and will pass by means of line 61, through the electrodes of the tube 85, thence by line |00 to binding post 18, thence by line |-0I to the magnet \coil 64, thence by line |02 to binding post 69, which is connected by lines hereinbefore described to power lead 16. h

It will thus be apparent that when the magnet coil 63 becomes de-energized by the opening of the circuit in winch it is included, the Yenergize.-

tion of the magnet coil 64 will thereafter con" tinue to hold the tube 6| in a position to maintain the circuit through the electrodes at the right hand end thereof, so that the motor will continue to operate and the solenoid control valve will be maintained in the open posi-tion.

It will be obvious that when the current is shifted from binding post 1| to binding post 13, by means of the stack switch 50 the circuit in which the primary coil of the transformer I2 is included, will be opened, and no more our' rent will be permitted to pass to the ignition electrodes so long as the parts of the stack switch are in the hot positions.

When either the room temperature or the water temperature has been brought to the proper degree, the circuit controlled by the thermostatic switches 48 and 49 will be opened. Consequently, the current which has been passing to the magnet 64 will be cut off and said magnet will be de-energized.

When the magnet 64 is thus de-energized, the tube 6| will return to its initial position (as shown in Fig. 8), whereby the circuit extending from the binding post 66 through line |04, through the electrodes at the right hand end of tube 6|, and by line `93 to binding post 61, will be opened. Consequently, the current will no longer be supplied from line 94 to the coil |08 of the solenoid valve 23, whereupon said valve will be closed, notwithstanding the fact that the motor will continue to operate for a short time, as herelnbefore set forth. I

When the solenoid valve is th'us closed, the supply of liquid fuel to thel burner atomizer 25, through the pipe line 24, will be cut off. When the pressure in the pipe line 24 is thus relieved, there will be a back flow of the liquid fuel from the front end of the cylinder 34T and the piston 36 will thereby be permitted to travel slowly to its initial position at the front end of the cylinder 34, the time period of the return movement of the piston being determined by the adjustment of the regulating valve 35. As the piston 36 approaches its initial position, the collar '44 will encounter the lower end of the arm 41, thereby causing the tube 46 of the mercury switch 45 to be tilted to its initial position. 'I'he motor circuit established by the lines |05 and |06 will thus be opened after the proper time interval has elapsed 'from the time of the closing of the valve 23, and the motor will thus be stopped, this time interval being determined by the return movement of the piston 36, the speed of which is regulatable by means of the valve 35.

The motor operating circuit, during the burning of the residual fuel, may be traced as follows: From the power lead ,'14, through the switch 16, line 11, line |06, through the electrodes at the left hand end of the tube 46, lines |05 and 96, to the motor I5, line 91, binding post 69, line 98, binding post.10, line 99,-' and through switch 16 to the power lead 15. It will be noted that, during this phase of the operation, the solenoid valve 23 is closed soA that no further fuel is supplied.

I will be seen that there is thus provided a liquid fuel burner, in which there is employed a single motor for operating both the blower and the fuel pump, which, however, is so constructed and arranged that the blower will continue to operate for a definite time period after the supply of fuel has been cut off from the atomizer, to the end that the fire chamber of the furnace will be effectively cleared of unconsumed gases.

The device is also so constructed and arranged that the current is automatically cut off from a shut-off valve in said pipe line, and means controlled by the pressure in said pipe line between the shut-olf valve and the burner for causing the motor and the blower actuated thereby to be operated for a definite time period after the iiow Vof fuel to the burner isshut off.

2. In a liquid fuel burner, an electric motor, an electric circuit for said motor, an air blower actuated by said motor, a liquid fuel pump also actuated by said motor, a burner,a pipe line extending from the pump to the burner, an electrically controlled valve interposed in said pipe line, a motor control switch in said circuit, and slow acting means for actuating said switch controlleds by the pressure in the pipe line between the electrically controlled valve and the burner whereby themotor circuit will be maintained for a definite time period after the closing of the electrically controlled valve.

3. In a liquid fuel burner, an electric motor, an electric circuit for said motor, an air blower actuated by said motor, a liquid fuel pump also actuated by said motor, a burner, a pipe line extending from the pump to the burner, a pressure regulating valve interposed in said pipe line, an electrically controlled Valve interposed in said pipe line between the pressure regulating valve and the burner, a motor control switch in said circuit, andslow acting means for actuating said switch controlled by the pressurev in the pipe line between the electrically controlled valve and the burner whereby the motor circuit4 ,will be maintained for a definite time period after the closing 4of the electrically controlled valve.

4. In a liquid fuel burner, an electric motor, an electric circuit for said motor, an air blower actuated by said motor, a liquid fuel pump also actuated by said motor, a burner, a pipe line extending from the pump to the burner, an electrically controlled valve interposed in said pipe line .between the pump and the burner, means for maintaining the motor circuit for a definite time period after the-closing of the electrically controlledf valve, said means including a branch pipe line extending from said pipe line between the electrically controlled valve and the burner, a flow regulator in said branch pipe line, a cylinder to which said branch pipe line extends, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder responsive to pressure changes in the main pipe line, and a switch in said motor circuit controlled by said piston.

5. In a liquid fuel burner, an electric motor an electric circuit for said motor, an air blower actuated by said motor, a liquid fuel pump also actuated by said motor, a burner, a pipe line extending from the pump to the burner, an electrically controlled valve interposed in said pipe line between the pump and the burner, means for maintaining the motor circuit for a definite time period after the closing of the electrically controlled valve, said means including a branch pipe line extending from said pipe line between the electrically controlled valve and the burner, a flow regulator in said branch pipe line, a cylinder to which said branch pipe line extends, a

piston slidably mounted in said cylinder responsive to pressure changes in the main pipe line, said time period being determined by the return movement of the piston, and a switch in said motor circuit controlled by said piston.

6. In a liquid fuel burner, an electric motor,

an electric circuit for said motor, an air blower actuated by said motor, a liquid fuel pump also actuated by said motor, a burner, a pipe line extending from the pump to the burner, an electrically controlled valve interposed in said pipe line, a branch pipe line extending from said pipe line between the electrically controlled valve and the burner, a flow regulator in said branch pipe line, a cylinder to which said branch pipe line extends, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder responsive to pressure changes in the main pipe line, and an electric switch in the motor circuit and controlled by said piston so constructed and arranged that the motor circuit is maintained for a definite time period after the closing of the electrically controlled valve.

'7. In a liquid fuel burner, an electric motor, an

'electric circuit for said motor, an air blower actuated by said motor, a liquid fuel pump also actuated by said motor, a burner, a pipe line extending frcrn the pump to the burner, a pressure regulating valve interposed in said pipe line, an electrically controlled valve interposed in said pipe line between the pressure regulating valve and the burner, a branch pipe line extending from said pipe line between the electrically controlled valve and the burner, a flow regulator in said branch pipe line, a cylinder to which said branch pipe line extends, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder responsive to pressure changes in the main pipe line, and an electric switch in the motor circuit and controlled by said piston so constructed and arranged that the motor circuit is maintained for a definite time period after the closing of the electrically controlled valve.

8. In a liquid fuel burner, an electric motor, an electric circuit for said motor, an air blower actuated by said motor, a liquid fuel pump also actuated by said motor, a burner, a pipe line extending from the pump to the burner, a pressure regulating valve interposed in said pipe line, an electrically controlled valve interposed in said pipe line between the pressure regulating valve and the burner, a branch pipe line extending from said pipe line between the electrically controlled valve and the burner, a flow regulator in said branch pipe line, a cylinder to which said branch pipe line extends, a piston slldably mounted in said cylinder responsive to pressure changes in the main pipe line, and an electric switch in the motor circuit and controlled by said piston so constructed and arranged that the motor circuit is maintained for a definite time period after the closing of the electrically controlled valve, said time period being determined by the return movement of the piston.

9. In a liquid fuel burnenan electric motor, an

electric circuit for said motor, an air blower actuated by said motor, a liquid fuel pump also actuated by said motor, a burner, a main pipe line extending from the pump to the burner, a pressure regulating valve interposed in said pipe line, an overflow pipe line extending from said pressure regulating valve, an electrically controlled valve interposed in the main pipe line between the pressure regulating valve and the burner, an electric switch, and means for actuaing said switch controlled by the pressure in the pipe line between the electrically controlled valve and the burner, said switch being adapted to control the motor circuit, and the switch actuating means being timed whereby the motor circuit will be maintained for a definite time period after the closing of the electrically controlled valve.

10. In a. liquid fuel burner, an electric motor, an electric circuit for said motor, an air blower actuated by said motor, a liquid fuel pump also actuated by said motor, a burner, a main pipe line extending from the pump to the burner, a pressure regulating valve interposed in said pipe line, an overflow pipe line extending from said pressure regulating valve, an electrically controlled valve interposed in the main pipe line between the pressure regulating valve and the burner, a branch pipe line extending from the main pipe line between the electrically controlled valve and the burner, a flow regulator in said branch pipe line, a cylinder to which said branch pipe line extends, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder responsive to pressure changes in the main pipe line, and an electric switch controlled by said piston so constructed and-arranged that the motor circuit is maintained for a deiinite time period after the closing of the electrically controlled valve.

l1. In a liquid fuel burner, an electric motor, an electric circuit for said motor, an air blower actuated by said motor, a liquid fuel pump also actuated by said motor, a burner, a main pipe line extending from the pump to the burner, a pressure regulating valve interposed in said pipe line, an overflow pipe line extending from said pressure regulating valve, an electrically controlled valve interposed in the main pipe line between the pressure regulating Valve and the burner, a branch pipe line extending iromA the main pipe line between the electrically controlled valve and the burner, a flow regulator in said branch pipe line, a cylinder to which said branch pipe line extends, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder responsive to pressure changes in the main pipe lirie, and an electric switch controlled by said piston so constructed and arranged that the motor circuit is maintained for a definite time period after the closing of the electrically controlled valve, said time period be ing determined by the return movement of the piston.

ASHTON HOWARTH.