US20120090833A1 - Water injection systems and methods - Google Patents
Water injection systems and methods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120090833A1 US20120090833A1 US13/272,965 US201113272965A US2012090833A1 US 20120090833 A1 US20120090833 A1 US 20120090833A1 US 201113272965 A US201113272965 A US 201113272965A US 2012090833 A1 US2012090833 A1 US 2012090833A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- water
- ionic strength
- formation
- displacement fluid
- aqueous displacement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/592—Compositions used in combination with generated heat, e.g. by steam injection
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
There is disclosed a method for enhancing recovery of crude oil from a porous subterranean carbonate formation of which the pore spaces contain crude oil and connate water, the method comprising determining an ionic strength of the connate water; and injecting an aqueous displacement fluid having a lower ionic strength than the connate water into the formation.
Description
- The present application claims the benefit to priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/393,471 entitled “Water Injection Systems and Methods” filed Oct. 15, 2010.
- The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for injecting water into a hydrocarbon bearing formation.
- Oil accumulated within a subterranean oil-bearing formation is recovered or produced therefrom through wells, called production wells, drilled into the subterranean formation. A large amount of such oil may be left in the subterranean formations if produced only by primary depletion, i.e., where only formation energy is used to recover the oil. Where the initial formation energy is inadequate or has become depleted, supplemental operations, often referred to as secondary, tertiary, enhanced or post-primary recovery operations, may be employed. In some of these operations, a fluid is injected into the formation by pumping it through one or more injection wells drilled into the formation, oil is displaced within and is moved through the formation, and is produced from one or more production wells drilled into the formation. In a particular recovery operation of this sort, seawater, field water or field brine may be employed as the injection fluid and the operation is referred to as a waterflood. The injection water may be referred to as flooding liquid or flooding water as distinguished from the in situ formation, or connate water. Fluids injected later can be referred to as driving fluids.
- Water may be injected by itself, or as a component of miscible or immiscible displacement fluids. Sea water (for offshore wells) and brine produced from the same or nearby formations (for onshore wells) may be most commonly used as the water source.
- Hiorth, Cathles, and Madland in their article “The Impact of Pore Water Chemistry on Carbonate Surface Charge and Oil Wettability” published Feb. 24, 2010 in Transp Porous Med (2010, 85:1-21) disclosed that water chemistry has been shown experimentally to affect the stability of water films and the sorption of organic oil components on mineral surfaces. When oil is displaced by water, water chemistry has been shown to impact oil recovery. At least two mechanisms could account for these effects, the water chemistry could change the charge on the rock surface and affect the rock wettability, and/or changes in the water chemistry could dissolve rock minerals and affect the rock wettability. The explanations need not be the same for oil displacement of water as for water imbibition and displacement of oil. This article investigates how water chemistry affects surface charge and rock dissolution in a pure calcium carbonate rock similar to the Stevns Klint chalk by constructing and applying a chemical model that couples bulk aqueous and surface chemistry and also addresses mineral precipitation and dissolution. They perform calculations for seawater and formation water for temperatures between 70 and 130° C. The model they construct predicts the surface potential of calcite and the adsorption of sulfate ions from the pore water. The surface potential changes are not able to explain the observed changes in oil recovery caused by changes in pore water chemistry or temperature. On the other hand, chemical dissolution of calcite has the experimentally observed chemical and temperature dependence and could account for the experimental recovery systematics. Based on this preliminary analysis, they conclude that although surface potential may explain some aspects of the existing spontaneous imbibitions data set, mineral dissolution appears to be the controlling factor.
- PCT Patent Application Publication WO 2010/092095 discloses a method for enhancing oil recovery (EOR) from a limestone or dolomite formation containing crude oil and connate water.
- PCT Patent Application Publication WO 2010/092097 discloses a method for enhancing recovery of crude oil from a porous subterranean formation of which the pore spaces contain crude oil and connate water comprises:—determining the Ionic Strength (Mol/l) of the connate water; and—injecting an aqueous displacement fluid having a lower Ionic Strength (Mol/l) than the connate water into the formation, which aqueous displacement fluid furthermore has an Ionic Strength below 0.15 Mol/l. Injection of an aqueous displacement fluid with lower Ionic Strength than the connate water improves oil recovery (IOR).
- US Patent Application Publication US 2003/0230535 discloses a method and well for desalinating saline aquifer water, wherein saline aquifer water flows from a subsurface aquifer layer directly into a downhole aquifer inflow region of a desalinated water production well in which a downhole assembly of one or more desalination and/or purification membranes is arranged, which separate the saline aquifer water into a primary desalinated water stream which is produced through the well to surface and a secondary concentrated brine reject stream, which can be disposed into a subsurface brine disposal zone.
- US Patent Application Publication US 2009/0308609 discloses a system comprising a well drilled into an underground formation; a production facility at a topside of the well; a water production facility connected to the production facility; wherein the water production facility produces water by removing some ions and adding an agent which increases the viscosity of the water and/or increases a hydrocarbon recovery from the formation, and injects the water into the well.
- Referring to
FIG. 1 , there is illustratedprior art system 100.System 100 includes body ofwater 102,underground formation 104,underground formation 106, andunderground formation 108.Production facility 110 may be provided at the surface of body ofwater 102. Well 112 traverses body ofwater 102 andformation 104, and has openings information 106. A portion offormation 106 may be fractured and/or perforated as shown at 114. Oil and gas may be produced fromformation 106 through well 112, toproduction facility 110. Gas and liquid may be separated from each other, gas may be stored ingas storage 116 and liquid may be stored inliquid storage 118. - There is a need in the art for improved systems and methods for producing oil and/or gas from a subterranean formation. In particular, there is a need in the art for systems and methods for providing an improved water flood, for example in a carbonate formation.
- One aspect of the invention provides a method for enhancing recovery of crude oil from a porous subterranean carbonate formation of which the pore spaces contain crude oil and connate water, the method comprising determining an ionic strength of the connate water; and injecting an aqueous displacement fluid having a lower ionic strength than the connate water into the formation.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art oil and gas production system. -
FIG. 2 illustrates an oil and gas production system. -
FIG. 3 illustrates a water processing system. -
FIG. 4 illustrates a water processing system. -
FIG. 5 illustrates results from an experiment. -
FIG. 6 illustrates results from an experiment. - Referring now to
FIG. 2 , in one embodiment of the invention,system 200 is illustrated.System 200 includesformation 202,formation 204,formation 206, andformation 208.Production facility 210 may be provided at the surface offormation 202. Well 212traverses formation 202 andformation 204, and has openings atformation 206. Portions of formation may be fractured and/or perforated as shown at 214. As oil and gas is produced fromformation 206 it entersportions 214, and travels up well 212 toproduction facility 210. Gas and liquid may be separated, and gas may be sent togas storage 216, and liquid may be sent toliquid storage 218, and water may be sent towater production 230. -
Production facility 210 is able to process water, for example fromformation 202 and/or well 212 or other sources of water such as seawater, lakes, rivers, gray water from a sewage treatment plant, municipal water supply, or others, which may be processed and stored inwater production 230. Water from well 212 may be sent towater production 230. Processed water may be pumped down well 232, to fracturedportions 234 offormation 206. Water traversesformation 206 to aid in the production of oil and gas, and then the water the oil and gas may be all produced to well 212, toproduction facility 210. Water may then be recycled, for example by returning water towater production 230, where it may be processed, then re-injected into well 232. - Hydrocarbons, such as oil and/or gas, may be recovered from the earth's
subsurface formation 206 throughproduction wellbore 212 that penetrate hydrocarbon-bearing formations or reservoirs. Perforations may be made from theproduction wellbore 206 to portions of theformation 214 to facilitate flow of the hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon-bearing formations to the production wellbores. Water may be injected under pressure intoinjection zones 234 formed in thesubsurface formation 206 to stimulate hydrocarbon production through the production wells in a field. - Water may be injected by itself or as a component of miscible or immiscible displacement fluids. Sea water (for offshore wells) and brine produced from the same or nearby formations (for onshore wells) may be used as the water source. Such water may contain amounts (concentration) of precursor ions, such as divalent sulfate (SO4 −), which may form insoluble salts when they come in contact with cations, such as Ba++, Sr++ and Ca++, resident in the formations. The resulting salts (BaSO4, SrSO4 and CaSO4) can be relatively insoluble at subsurface formation temperature and pressure. Such salts may precipitate out of the solution. The precipitation of the insoluble salts may accumulate and consequently plug the subsurface fluid passageways. The plugging effects may be most severe in passageways in the formation near the injection well 232 and at the perforations of the
production well 212. Solubility of the insoluble salts may further decrease as the injection water is produced to the surface through the production well 212, due to the reduction of the temperature and pressure as the fluids move to the surface through the production well. Subsurface or formation fluid passageways may include pores in the formation matrix, fractures, voids, cavities, vugs, perforations and fluid passages through the wells, including cased and uncased wells, tubings and other fluid paths in the wells. Precipitates may include insoluble salts, crystals or scale. Plugging may include reduction in the porosity and/or permeability of fluid passageways and the tubulars used in producing the well fluids and processing of those fluids. Injection water may include any fluid containing water that is injected into a subsurface formation to facilitate recovery of hydrocarbons from subsurface formations. - One purpose of injection well 232 is to aid the flow of hydrocarbons from the reservoir to
production well 212. One method is to inject water under pressure adjacent to a production zone to cause the hydrocarbons trapped in theformation 206 to move toward theproduction well 212. - In one embodiment,
formation 206 may include carbonate rocks such as limestone and/or dolostone, which are primarily oil wet. - In addition to oil and/or gas,
formation 206 may also include water with various salts and other dissolved solids, such as a connate water with a total dissolved solids (TDS) of 500 ppm or more, for example a TDS of 1,000 ppm to about 100,000 ppm. - In general, a high TDS connate water provides for a primarily oil wet carbonate rock, while providing a lower TDS injection water serves to shift the carbonate rock towards more water wet and less oil wet. In some embodiments, an injection water may be used that has a TDS from about 0.001% to about 20% of the TDS of the connate water, for example from about 0.01% to about 10%, or from about 0.1% to about 5%.
-
FIG. 3 : - Referring now to
FIG. 3 , in some embodiments of the invention, asystem 300 forwater production 330 is illustrated. The method and systems used to process water, for example by lowering the TDS of the water is not critical. Suitable methods are set forth below with reference toFIGS. 3 and 4 . -
Water production 330 has an input of unprocessed water, for example water from a body of water, a sea, a lake, a river, a water well, connate water, city water supply, or another water supply. At 334 some cations may be removed fromraw water 302, for example multivalent cations, such as divalent or trivalent cations. At 340, monovalent cations may be removed fromraw water 302.Processed water 303 is then produced fromwater production 330. -
FIG. 4 : - Referring now to
FIG. 4 , in some embodiments of the invention,system 400 forwater production 430 is illustrated.Water production 430 has an input ofunprocessed water 402, for example water from the body of water from a well, sea water, city water supply, or another water supply. At 432, primary filtration may be accomplished to remove solids from water. At 433 sulphates (SO4 2−) may be removed. At 434, some divalent cations may be removed, for example from about 60 to about 99% of the divalent cations present. Divalent cations which may be removed include magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe) and/or strontium (Sr). - In some embodiments, 433 and/or 434 may be performed with nanofiltration membrane systems.
- At 436, some monovalent ions may be removed, for example from about 60 to about 99% of the cations present, such as sodium (Na), and/or potassium (K), along with the associated anions, for example chloride, fluoride, and/or bromide.
Processed water 403 may be produced bywater production 430. - In some embodiments,
water production 330 and/or 430 may use a membrane based system, for example reverse osmosis (RO) and/or nanofiltration (NF) technology, such as are used for seawater desalination, filtration, and/or purification, although other water treatment systems may be used. - In some embodiments,
system 400 may includeunprocessed water 402, from an aqueous feed source such as seawater from the ocean, or any saline water source having some divalent and monovalent ions, such as produced water from a well. As one example, raw seawater may be taken from the ocean, either from a sea well or from an open intake, and initially subjected toprimary filtration 432 using a large particle strainer (not shown), and/or multi-media filters, which might be typically sand and/or anthracite coal, optionally followed by a cartridge filtration. - In some embodiments, a mechanical method, such as passing the
unprocessed water 402 through a nano-filtration membrane, may be used to remove ions from the water at the surface before injecting it into the wellbore and/or adding an agent 440. Sea water may contain from about 2700 to about 2800 ppm of divalent SO4 2−. The nano-filtration membrane process may reduce thisconcentration 433 to about 20 to about 150 ppm. A 99% reduction in sulfate content may be achievable. - In some embodiments, processes 334, 433, and/or 434 may use a NF device, such as a membrane. In some embodiments, processes 334 and/or 436 may use a RO device, such as a membrane.
- In some embodiments of the invention, processed
water 303 and/or 403 may be combined with one or more water soluble solvents, for example, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, and methyl-ethyl ether, and then injected into a formation for enhanced oil recovery. Other suitable water soluble solvents include alcohols, amines, pyridines, ethers, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, phosphates, quinines, and mixtures thereof, where the chemical has a molar solubility in water of at least about 1% and an octanol-water partition coefficient of at least 1. - In addition, a mixture of processed water with an agent for increasing the viscosity, may be injected into a formation, for example a water soluble polymer.
- In addition, a mixture of processed water with an agent for decreasing the interfacial tension between the oil and water, may be injected into a formation, for example a surfactant.
- Benefits:
- At least two mechanisms could account for these effects, the water chemistry could change the charge on the rock surface and affect the rock wettability, and/or changes in the water chemistry could dissolve rock minerals and affect the rock wettability.
- The addition of low salinity water may cause a oil wet reservoir to convert into a more water wet reservoir and release the oil.
- Low salinity water may lead to increased oil recovery for a reservoir.
- Low salinity water may lead to increased oil recovery for a high salinity reservoir.
- Water may be commonly injected into subterranean hydrocarbon-bearing formations by itself or as a component of miscible or immiscible displacement fluids to recover hydrocarbons therefrom.
Unprocessed water 302 and/or 402 can be obtained from a number of sources including brine produced from the same formation, brine produced from remote formations, or sea water. All of these waters may have a high ionic content relative to fresh water. - In some embodiments of the invention, a low ionic strength water may be used as processed water or a processed
water mixture 303 and/or 403, for example a low ionic strength water from an aquifer, stream, lake, river, city water supply, or gray water from a sewage treatment plant, or other sources as are known in the art. - In some embodiments of the invention, processed water or a processed
water mixture 303 and/or 403 may be injected intoformation 206, produced from theformation 206, and then recovered from the oil and gas, for example, by a centrifuge or gravity separator, and then processing the water atwater production 230, then the processed water or a processedwater mixture 303 and/or 403 may be re-injected into theformation 206. - In some embodiments of the invention, processed water or a processed
water mixture 303 and/or 403 may be injected into an oil-bearingformation 206, optionally preceded by and/or followed by a flush, such as with seawater, a surfactant solution, a hydrocarbon fluid, a brine solution, or fresh water. - In some embodiments of the invention, processed water or a processed
water mixture 303 and/or 403 may be used to improve oil recovery. The processed water or a processedwater mixture 303 and/or 403 may be utilized to drive or push the now oil bearing flood out of the reservoir, thereby “sweeping” crude oil out of the reservoir. Oil may be recovered at production well 212 spaced apart from injection well 232 as processed water or a processedwater mixture 303 and/or 403 pushes the oil out of the pores information 206 and to theproduction well 212. Once the oil/drive fluid reaches the surface, it may be put into holdingtanks 218, allowing the oil to separate from the water through the natural forces of gravity. - The amount of oil recovered may be measured as a function of the original oil in place (OOIC). The amount of oil recovered may be greater than about 5% by weight of the original oil in place, for example 10% or greater by weight of the original oil in place, or 15% or greater by weight of the original oil in place.
- The process and system may be useful for the displacement recovery of petroleum from oil-bearing formations. Such recovery encompasses methods in which the oil may be removed from an oil-bearing formation through the action of a displacement fluid or a gas.
- Other uses for the processed water or a processed
water mixture 303 and/or 403 prepared by the process and system of the invention include near wellbore injection treatments, and injection along interiors of pipelines to promote pipelining of high viscosity crude oil. The processed water or a processedwater mixture 303 and/or 403 can also be used as hydraulic fracture fluid additives, fluid diversion chemicals, and loss circulation additives, to mention a few. - In one embodiment, there is disclosed a method for enhancing recovery of crude oil from a porous subterranean carbonate formation of which the pore spaces contain crude oil and connate water, the method comprising determining an ionic strength of the connate water; and injecting an aqueous displacement fluid having a lower ionic strength than the connate water into the formation. In some embodiments, the aqueous displacement fluid has an Ionic Strength (I) less than about 10% of an Ionic Strength of the connate water. In some embodiments, the aqueous displacement fluid has an Ionic Strength (I) less than about 0.5% of an Ionic Strength of the connate water. In some embodiments, the method further comprises determining a total level of multivalent cations (Moles/Volume) of the connate water; and injecting an aqueous displacement fluid having a lower total level of multivalent cations (Moles/Volume) than the connate water. In some embodiments, the aqueous displacement fluid comprises at least one additive selected from a surfactant, a foaming agent, a water soluble polymer, and a water soluble solvent such as dimethyl ether. In some embodiments, the aqueous displacement fluid comprises steam and/or water obtained from an aquifer, river, lake, sea, treated sewage effluent, or ocean. In some embodiments, the formation is a mineral-bearing carbonate formation. In some embodiments, the aqueous displacement fluid comprises a viscosifying polymer. In some embodiments, the aqueous displacement fluid has a viscosity level above 1 mPa·s and comprises at least 200 ppm (mass) of viscosifying polymer. In some embodiments, the viscosifying polymer comprises a hydrolyzed polyacrylamide. In some embodiments, the water is treated such that it is converted into an aqueous displacement fluid having an ionic strength less than about 5% of an ionic strength of the connate water. In some embodiments, the water is treated such that it is converted into an aqueous displacement fluid having an ionic strength from about 0.1% to about 20% of an ionic strength of the connate water. In some embodiments, the water is treated such that it is converted into an aqueous displacement fluid having a total dissolved solids level from about 0.1% to about 20% of a total dissolved solids level of the connate water.
- In this application, the terms are defined as follows:
- Ionic Strength (I)—a function of the concentration of all ions present in that solution expressed in (Mol/l) wherein
-
- with Ci being molar concentration (Mol/l) and zi being the valency of the specific ion and I being the summation over all anions and cations in the solution.
- Connate Water—liquids that are trapped in the pores of a subterranean formation. These liquids are largely composed of water, but also contain many mineral components such as ions in solution.
- Total Dissolved Solids—(abbreviated TDS) is a measure of the combined content of all inorganic and organic substances contained in a liquid in: molecular, ionized or micro-granular (colloidal sol) suspended form. The solids must be small enough to survive filtration through a sieve the size of two micrometer.
-
FIG. 5 : - Results from spontaneous imbibition experiments on Middle Eastern limestone core material at 70° C. (Sample1). Dashed line indicates a point in time when change of the brine in the Amott cell took place.
- A spontaneous imbibition test was carried out at 70° C. on Middle Eastern limestone core Sample 1 of about 50 mD permeability and 22% porosity. The oil viscosity was 3.2 mPas. The ionic strength of the formation brine was 4.39 mol/L, while fresh water, used as wettability modifying brine, had ionic strength of 0.32 mol/L. Upon change from the formation water to the fresh water, there was additional oil recovery of 20% indicating wettability change towards more water-wet. Hence, reduction of ionic strength of the brine by a factor of 14 leads to wettability modification.
-
FIG. 6 : - Results from spontaneous imbibition experiments on Middle Eastern limestone core material at 70° C. using solution of NaCl as an imbibition brine.
- Second experiment was performed using limestone rock from Middle East (Sample 2) prepared under identical conditions as limestone Sample 1, i.e. the same formulation of formation brine, the same crude oil and identical experimental conditions. Sample 2 has permeability of 3.5 mD and porosity of 29.2%.
- After finalizing spontaneous imbibition by formation water (I=4.39 mol/L), the plug was surrounded by the solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) with concentration of 10500 mg/L and lower ionic strength of 0.18 mol/L. Upon brine change additional oil recovery of 5% and hence wettability modification was observed. After this step surrounding solution was refreshed and still additional oil recovery was observed. This is an experimental artifact caused by mixing of highly salinity formation brine and lower salinity solution of NaCl inside the porous media and hence an increase in the effective salinity of the imbibing brine. After the solution was refreshed one more time, the oil production ceased due to absence of salinity difference.
- At the very last stage of the test the plug was surrounded by the NaCl solution with concentration of 105 mg/L and ionic strength of 0.002 mol/L. Again additional oil recovery of 10% was observed. This experiment demonstrates that reduction of the ionic strength of the imbibing brine as compared to the formation brine causes wettability modification of the carbonate core material. Wettability modification takes place upon reduction of ionic strength of the brine by a factor of 24 or further reduction by a factor of 2000.
- Those of skill in the art will appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible in terms of the disclosed embodiments, configurations, materials and methods without departing from their spirit and scope. Accordingly, the scope of the claims appended hereafter and their functional equivalents should not be limited by particular embodiments described and illustrated herein, as these are merely exemplary in nature.
Claims (13)
1. A method for enhancing recovery of crude oil from a porous subterranean carbonate formation of which the pore spaces contain crude oil and connate water, the method comprising:
determining an ionic strength of the connate water; and
injecting an aqueous displacement fluid having a lower ionic strength than the connate water into the formation.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous displacement fluid has an Ionic Strength (I) less than about 10% of the Ionic Strength of the connate water.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous displacement fluid has an Ionic Strength (I) less than about 0.5% of the Ionic Strength of the connate water.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:
determining a total level of multivalent cations (Moles/Volume) of the connate water; and
injecting an aqueous displacement fluid having a lower total level of multivalent cations (Moles/Volume) than the connate water.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous displacement fluid comprises at least one additive selected from a surfactant, a foaming agent, a water soluble polymer, and a water soluble solvent having a molar solubility in water of at least 1% and an octanol-water partition coefficient of at least 1 that is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol, an amine, a pyridine, an ether, a carboxylic acid, an aldehyde, a ketone, a phosphate, a quinine, and mixtures thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous displacement fluid comprises steam and/or water obtained from an aquifer, river, lake, sea, treated sewage effluent, or ocean.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the formation is a mineral-bearing carbonate formation.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous displacement fluid comprises a viscosifying polymer.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the aqueous displacement fluid has a viscosity level above 1 mPa·s and comprises at least 200 ppm (mass) of viscosifying polymer.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the viscosifying polymer comprises a hydrolyzed polyacrylamide.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water is treated to provide an aqueous displacement fluid having an ionic strength less than about 5% of the ionic strength of the connate water.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water is treated to provide an aqueous displacement fluid having an ionic strength from about 0.1% to about 20% of the ionic strength of the connate water.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water is treated to provide an aqueous displacement fluid having a total dissolved solids level from about 0.1% to about 20% of the total dissolved solids level of the connate water.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/272,965 US20120090833A1 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2011-10-13 | Water injection systems and methods |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US39347110P | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | |
US13/272,965 US20120090833A1 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2011-10-13 | Water injection systems and methods |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20120090833A1 true US20120090833A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
Family
ID=44908108
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/272,965 Abandoned US20120090833A1 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2011-10-13 | Water injection systems and methods |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120090833A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2627728B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103180405A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012051511A1 (en) |
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120125605A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-24 | Willingham Thomas W | Systems and Methods For Enhanced Waterfloods |
WO2014025847A1 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-02-13 | Shell Oil Company | Process for producing and separating oil |
CN103590796A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-19 | 大港油田集团有限责任公司 | Constant proportion dropping-fishing-free separated layer water injection technique tubular pipe and dropping-fishing-free quantitative water distributors |
US8657000B2 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2014-02-25 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Systems and methods for enhanced waterfloods |
US8739869B2 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2014-06-03 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Systems and methods for enhanced waterfloods |
US20140367108A1 (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-18 | Hallburton Energy Services, Inc. | Acidizing compositions including ampholyte polymers |
US20150167437A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-18 | Statoil Gulf Services LLC | Stimulation method and system for enhancing oil production |
WO2015103017A1 (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2015-07-09 | Shell Oil Company | Method and system for inhibiting freezing of low salinity water in a subsea low salinity water injection flowline |
US9518449B1 (en) | 2011-09-06 | 2016-12-13 | Sandia Corporation | Waterflooding injectate design systems and methods |
EP3135742A1 (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-03-01 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for oil recovery |
EP3150686A1 (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-04-05 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for oil recovery |
US9727928B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2017-08-08 | National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc | Financial methods for waterflooding injectate design |
RU2643241C2 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2018-01-31 | Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. | System for oil production and separation |
US9969638B2 (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2018-05-15 | Gradiant Corporation | Water treatment systems and associated methods |
US10167218B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2019-01-01 | Gradiant Corporation | Production of ultra-high-density brines |
US10174597B2 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2019-01-08 | Shell Oil Company | Subsurface injection of reject stream |
US10245555B2 (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2019-04-02 | Gradiant Corporation | Production of multivalent ion-rich process streams using multi-stage osmotic separation |
US10301198B2 (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2019-05-28 | Gradiant Corporation | Selective retention of multivalent ions |
US10308537B2 (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2019-06-04 | Gradiant Corporation | Desalination systems and associated methods |
US10308526B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2019-06-04 | Gradiant Corporation | Methods and systems for producing treated brines for desalination |
US10518221B2 (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2019-12-31 | Gradiant Corporation | Osmotic desalination methods and associated systems |
US10689264B2 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2020-06-23 | Gradiant Corporation | Hybrid desalination systems and associated methods |
EP3670829A4 (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2021-04-07 | Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras | Subsea system and method for pressurization of a subsea oil reserve by injecting at least one of water and gas |
US20220213769A1 (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2022-07-07 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Artificial rain to enhance hydrocarbon recovery |
WO2022232630A1 (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-03 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Use of carboxylates for carbon sequestration, improved oil recovery, and hydrogen storage and reproduction |
US11629072B2 (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2023-04-18 | Gradiant Corporation | Liquid solution concentration system comprising isolated subsystem and related methods |
US11667549B2 (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2023-06-06 | Gradiant Corporation | Osmotic methods and systems involving energy recovery |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4778607A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1988-10-18 | Marathon Oil Company | Method of diluting a concentrated polymer solution for use in a hydrocarbon recovery process |
US5302297A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-04-12 | Barthrope Richard T | Removal of scale-forming inorganic salts from a produced brine |
WO2007112254A2 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-04 | Shell Oil Company | Water injection systems and methods |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1989008768A1 (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1989-09-21 | Institutt For Kontinentalsokkelundersøkelser Og Pe | Method for enhanced recovery of hydrocarbone |
US20030230535A1 (en) | 2002-06-03 | 2003-12-18 | Affeld Christian Jeremy | Downhole desalination of aquifer water |
WO2010092095A1 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Aqueous displacement fluid injection for enhancing oil recovery from a limestone or dolomite formation |
US20110306525A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2011-12-15 | Dirk Jacob Lighthelm | Aqueous displacement fluid injection for enhancing oil recovery from an oil bearing formation |
-
2011
- 2011-10-13 US US13/272,965 patent/US20120090833A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-10-14 WO PCT/US2011/056320 patent/WO2012051511A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-10-14 CN CN2011800496285A patent/CN103180405A/en active Pending
- 2011-10-14 EP EP11779280.4A patent/EP2627728B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4778607A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1988-10-18 | Marathon Oil Company | Method of diluting a concentrated polymer solution for use in a hydrocarbon recovery process |
US5302297A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-04-12 | Barthrope Richard T | Removal of scale-forming inorganic salts from a produced brine |
WO2007112254A2 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-04 | Shell Oil Company | Water injection systems and methods |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
Robertson, E. P., 2007, Low-Salinity Waterflooding To Improve Oil Recovery-Historical Field Evidence, SPE 109965 * |
Robertson, E. P., 2007, Low-Salinity Waterflooding To Improve Oil Recovery--Historical Field Evidence, SPE 109965 * |
Tang, G., and Morrow, N.R., 1999, "Oil Recovery by Waterflooding and Imbibition - Invading Brine Cation Valency and Salinity", Paper SCA-9911 * |
Tang, G., and Morrow, N.R., 1999, "Oil Recovery by Waterflooding and Imbibition - Invading Brine Cation Valency and Salinity", Paper SCA-9911), in view of Curole (WO 2007/112254 * |
Cited By (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8739869B2 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2014-06-03 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Systems and methods for enhanced waterfloods |
US20120125605A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-24 | Willingham Thomas W | Systems and Methods For Enhanced Waterfloods |
US8657000B2 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2014-02-25 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Systems and methods for enhanced waterfloods |
US8656996B2 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2014-02-25 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Systems and methods for enhanced waterfloods |
US9518449B1 (en) | 2011-09-06 | 2016-12-13 | Sandia Corporation | Waterflooding injectate design systems and methods |
RU2647524C2 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2018-03-16 | Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. | Method of production and separation of oil |
WO2014025847A1 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-02-13 | Shell Oil Company | Process for producing and separating oil |
US9540574B2 (en) | 2012-08-09 | 2017-01-10 | Shell Oil Company | Process for producing and separating oil |
RU2643241C2 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2018-01-31 | Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. | System for oil production and separation |
CN103590796A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-19 | 大港油田集团有限责任公司 | Constant proportion dropping-fishing-free separated layer water injection technique tubular pipe and dropping-fishing-free quantitative water distributors |
US9727928B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2017-08-08 | National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc | Financial methods for waterflooding injectate design |
US20140367108A1 (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-18 | Hallburton Energy Services, Inc. | Acidizing compositions including ampholyte polymers |
US9732265B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2017-08-15 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Ampholyte polymers and methods of treating subterranean formations with the same |
US9834716B2 (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2017-12-05 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Acidizing compositions including ampholyte polymers |
US9969638B2 (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2018-05-15 | Gradiant Corporation | Water treatment systems and associated methods |
US10308537B2 (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2019-06-04 | Gradiant Corporation | Desalination systems and associated methods |
CN105940080A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-09-14 | 斯塔特伊海湾服务有限责任公司 | Stimulation method and system for enhancing oil production |
US20150167437A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-18 | Statoil Gulf Services LLC | Stimulation method and system for enhancing oil production |
AU2014374091B2 (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2017-04-20 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method and system for inhibiting freezing of low salinity water in a subsea low salinity water injection flowline |
US9951586B2 (en) | 2014-01-03 | 2018-04-24 | Shell Oil Company | Method and system for inhibiting freezing of low salinity water in a subsea low salinity water injection flowline |
WO2015103017A1 (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2015-07-09 | Shell Oil Company | Method and system for inhibiting freezing of low salinity water in a subsea low salinity water injection flowline |
US10174597B2 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2019-01-08 | Shell Oil Company | Subsurface injection of reject stream |
US10308526B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2019-06-04 | Gradiant Corporation | Methods and systems for producing treated brines for desalination |
US10167218B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2019-01-01 | Gradiant Corporation | Production of ultra-high-density brines |
US10518221B2 (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2019-12-31 | Gradiant Corporation | Osmotic desalination methods and associated systems |
US11400416B2 (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2022-08-02 | Gradiant Corporation | Osmotic desalination methods and associated systems |
US10245555B2 (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2019-04-02 | Gradiant Corporation | Production of multivalent ion-rich process streams using multi-stage osmotic separation |
US10301198B2 (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2019-05-28 | Gradiant Corporation | Selective retention of multivalent ions |
EP3135742A1 (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-03-01 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for oil recovery |
EP3150686A1 (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-04-05 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for oil recovery |
US10689264B2 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2020-06-23 | Gradiant Corporation | Hybrid desalination systems and associated methods |
EP3670829A4 (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2021-04-07 | Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras | Subsea system and method for pressurization of a subsea oil reserve by injecting at least one of water and gas |
US11629072B2 (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2023-04-18 | Gradiant Corporation | Liquid solution concentration system comprising isolated subsystem and related methods |
US11667549B2 (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2023-06-06 | Gradiant Corporation | Osmotic methods and systems involving energy recovery |
US20220213769A1 (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2022-07-07 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Artificial rain to enhance hydrocarbon recovery |
US11454097B2 (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2022-09-27 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Artificial rain to enhance hydrocarbon recovery |
WO2022232630A1 (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-03 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Use of carboxylates for carbon sequestration, improved oil recovery, and hydrogen storage and reproduction |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2012051511A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
EP2627728A1 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
EP2627728B1 (en) | 2019-11-20 |
CN103180405A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2627728B1 (en) | Water injection systems and methods | |
US9464516B2 (en) | Water injection systems and methods | |
US8794320B2 (en) | Water injection systems and methods | |
US9234413B2 (en) | Water injection systems and methods | |
US8789594B2 (en) | Water injection systems and methods | |
US9657216B2 (en) | Process for reducing viscosity of polymer-containing fluid produced in the recovery of oil | |
US20150107840A1 (en) | Process for recovery of oil from an oil-bearing formation | |
US8939211B2 (en) | Hydrocarbon recovery process | |
US8869892B2 (en) | Low salinity reservoir environment | |
RU2656282C2 (en) | Method, system and composition for producing oil | |
Chen et al. | The prospects and potential opportunities of low salinity water flooding for offshore applications in sandstones | |
CA2783864C (en) | Hydrocarbon recovery enhancement methods using low salinity carbonated brines and treatment fluids | |
US10308863B2 (en) | Formation preconditioning using an aqueous polymer preflush | |
da Silva et al. | The low salinity waterflooding to enhance the oil recovery in sandstone reservoir and applicability in oil fields | |
WO2014056948A1 (en) | A method for recovering oil | |
Ibrahim | An innovative application of chelating agents for EOR in carbonate reservoirs | |
OA17805A (en) | Process for recovery of oil from an oilbearing formation. |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SHELL OIL COMPANY, TEXAS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LIGTHELM, DIRK JACOB;ROMANUKA, JULIJA;SUIJKERBUIJK, BARTHOLOMEUS MARINUS JOSEPHUS MARIA;SIGNING DATES FROM 20111114 TO 20111116;REEL/FRAME:027436/0756 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |