US20060013708A1 - Drive shaft for compressor - Google Patents
Drive shaft for compressor Download PDFInfo
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- US20060013708A1 US20060013708A1 US11/143,084 US14308405A US2006013708A1 US 20060013708 A1 US20060013708 A1 US 20060013708A1 US 14308405 A US14308405 A US 14308405A US 2006013708 A1 US2006013708 A1 US 2006013708A1
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- drive shaft
- rotational axis
- compressor
- rotor
- cross
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/14—Provisions for readily assembling or disassembling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/02—Lubrication
- F04B39/0223—Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
- F04B39/023—Hermetic compressors
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to hermetic compressor assemblies having two compressor mechanisms driven by a single motor and, more particularly, to hermetic compressor assemblies having an improved drive shaft operably coupling the motor to the two compressor mechanisms.
- Compressor assemblies having two compressor mechanisms operably coupled to a single motor by a drive shaft are known.
- the drive shaft includes two integral eccentric portions defined at one end of the shaft. These eccentric portions are often machined into, or integrally molded with, the shaft such that they are unitary with the shaft.
- the motor includes a rotating rotor which defines a central bore extending through the rotor along a rotational axis. The end of the drive shaft opposite the eccentric portions extends into the bore and is affixed to the rotor for rotation therewith.
- Each of the integral eccentric portions operably engages one of the two compressor mechanisms, thereby mounting both of the two compressor mechanisms at one end of the drive shaft and adjacent one end of the motor.
- Still other dual mechanism compressor assemblies are known in which the unitary eccentric portions are defined at opposite ends of the drive shaft.
- the two compressor mechanisms are operably mounted about the eccentric portions at opposite ends of the shaft and are thereby positioned adjacent opposite ends of the motor.
- Such an arrangement may be used to improve the balance of the compressor assembly, which may reduce the vibration and lower noise.
- the eccentric portions define a larger cross-section than that of the drive shaft.
- These eccentric portions cannot fit through the bore of the rotor and, consequently, it is difficult to assemble such a compressor using a one-piece shaft.
- these compressor mechanisms require a two-piece drive shaft that is joined inside the rotor.
- the two-piece drive shaft design may be less rigid than the one-piece design, thereby causing the shaft to bend or deflect. Deflection of the shaft may cause the misalignment of the bearings, which ultimately may result in leaks and housing deformation.
- the present invention provides a compressor assembly that uses a shaft, which does not include unitarily defined eccentric portions at both ends and which extends through the motor to operably engage a compression mechanism at each end of the shaft on the opposite ends of the motor.
- the compressor assembly comprises, in one form thereof, a motor including a stator and a rotor, and a drive shaft including an elongate central portion and first and second end portions located on opposite ends of the central portion.
- the drive shaft defines a rotational axis.
- First end portion, second end portion and central portions define respective first, second and third cross-sectional configurations oriented perpendicular to the rotational axis.
- Each of the first and second cross-sectional configurations has an outer perimeter disposed radially within the outer perimeter of the third cross-sectional configuration relative to the rotational axis.
- the drive shaft extends through the rotor with the central portion being rotationally secured to the rotor, the first end portion disposed proximate a first end of the motor and the second portion disposed proximate a second end of the motor.
- a first compressor mechanism is disposed proximate the first end of the motor and is operatively coupled to the first end portion of the drive shaft wherein the first end portion rotationally drives the first compressor mechanism.
- a second compressor mechanism is disposed proximate the second end of the motor and is operatively coupled to the second end portion of the drive shaft wherein the second end portion rotationally drives the second compressor mechanism.
- the compressor assembly comprises a motor including a stator and a rotor, and a drive shaft comprising an elongate central portion and first and second end portions located on opposite ends of the central portion.
- the drive shaft defines a rotational axis.
- the first end portion, second end portion and central portion define first, second and third cross-sectional configurations, respectively, oriented perpendicular to the rotational axis.
- Each of the first and second cross-sectional configurations has an outer perimeter disposed radially within the outer perimeter of the third cross-sectional configuration relative to the rotational axis.
- the first and second end portions each define a substantially similar non-circular cross-sectional configuration.
- the first and second configurations are rotationally offset by 180 degrees relative to the rotational axis.
- the drive shaft extends through the rotor with the central portion being rotationally secured to the rotor, the first end portion disposed proximate a first end of the motor and the second end portion disposed proximate a second end of the motor.
- a first rotary compressor mechanism is disposed proximate the first end of the motor and operatively coupled to the first end portion of the drive shaft wherein the first end portion rotationally drives the first compressor mechanism.
- a second rotary compressor mechanism is disposed proximate the second end of the motor and is operatively coupled to the second end portion of the drive shaft wherein the second end portion rotationally drives the second compressor mechanism.
- the present invention also provides a method of assembling a compressor assembly.
- the method in one form thereof, includes providing a motor having a stator and a rotor, the rotor having an axially extending central bore, forming a drive shaft with an integral elongate member wherein the drive shaft includes an elongate central portion and first and second end portions located on opposite ends of the central portion, the drive shaft defining a rotational axis, the first end portion defining a first cross-sectional configuration oriented perpendicular to the rotational axis, the second end portion defining a second cross-sectional configuration oriented perpendicular to the rotational axis and the central portion defining a third cross-sectional configuration oriented perpendicular to the rotational axis wherein each of the first and second cross-sectional configurations has an outer perimeter disposed radially within the outer perimeter of the third cross-sectional configuration relative to the rotational axis, securing the drive shaft to the rotor by thermally expanding the
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a dual mechanism hermetic compressor assembly according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a top sectional view of the compressor assembly of FIG. 1 taken along lines 2 - 2 ;
- FIG. 3 is an inner end perspective view of the crankcase/shaft assembly of the compressor assembly of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 is an outside end view of the compressor mechanism of the compressor assembly of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the shaft roller assembly of the compressor assembly of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the inner roller of the compressor assembly of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the shaft of the compressor assembly of FIG. 1 ;.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a shaft according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a shaft/eccentric/piston assembly according to the embodiment of FIG. 8 ;
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view of compressor assembly with the assembly in FIG. 9 .
- compressor assembly 10 generally includes first compressor mechanism 14 , second compressor mechanism 16 and motor assembly 18 , all of which are disposed within interior volume 13 of housing 12 .
- Housing 12 includes first and second end members 12 a , 12 b and cylindrical main member 12 c .
- Housing members 12 a , 12 b , 12 c are hermetically sealed to one another to define interior volume 13 .
- motor assembly 18 defines first end 26 and opposite second end 28 and includes rotor 20 , stator 22 and stator windings 24 .
- Motor assembly 18 is connected to a power source (not shown) which drives the rotation of rotor 20 about rotational axis A-A.
- Elongate drive shaft 30 extends through motor assembly 18 and operably connects first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 to motor assembly 18 .
- Drive shaft 30 extends through a central bore in rotor 20 along rotational axis A-A and is rotatably secured to rotor 20 for rotation therewith about axis A-A.
- Shaft 30 may be secured to rotor 20 using conventional shrink-fit methods.
- One such method includes thermally expanding rotor 20 , inserting shaft 30 through the central bore of thermally expanded rotor 20 , and allowing rotor 20 to cool and, thus, shrink around shaft 30 to secure shaft 30 within rotor 20 .
- drive shaft 30 is integrally formed as a single unit and defines first end portion 32 , elongate central portion 34 and second end portion 36 .
- First and second end portions 32 , 36 of shaft 30 protrude from respective first and second ends 26 , 28 of motor assembly 18 and operably engage first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 , respectively, thereby positioning first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 proximate opposite ends of motor assembly 18 .
- the positioning of first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 proximate opposite ends of motor assembly 18 provides improved balance in comparison to an assembly wherein one or more compressors are positioned proximate a single end of the motor. This improved balance may result in lower vibration and, ultimately, lower noise.
- the configuration of first and second end portions 34 , 36 and their engagement with first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 is described in further detail below.
- first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 are identical rotary-type mechanisms and each generally includes crankcase 38 , annular cylinder block 40 , top member 42 , and roller assembly 43 .
- Cylinder block 40 is mounted between crankcase 38 and top member 42 .
- Top member 42 , cylinder block 40 and crankcase 38 are secured to one another by fasteners (not shown) which extend through fastener-receiving holes 42 a , 40 a , 38 a of top member 42 , cylinder block 40 , and crankcase 38 , respectively.
- Cylinder block 40 defines an inside wall which cooperates with crankcase 38 and top member 42 to form compression chamber 52 in which a compressible fluid, such as a refrigerant, may be compressed.
- roller assembly 43 is disposed within compression chamber 52 and includes eccentric inner roller 44 and main roller 48 rotatably mounted about eccentric inner roller 44 .
- Inner roller 44 is operably coupled to drive shaft 30 , the rotation of which causes roller assembly 43 to orbit within compression chamber 52 .
- Needle roller bearings may be mounted between inner roller 44 and main roller 48 to facilitate the rotation of main roller 48 about inner roller 44 .
- Main roller 48 defines a cylindrical outer surface which travels along and sealingly engages the inside wall of cylinder block 40 to give compression chamber 52 an evolving crescent shape.
- Sliding vane 50 reciprocates within slot 51 defined in cylinder block 40 and engages main roller 48 .
- crankcase 38 of each of first and second mechanisms 14 , 16 is mounted on respective first and second ends 26 , 28 of motor assembly 18 , thereby securing first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 to opposite ends of motor assembly 18 .
- Crankcase 38 may be mounted to motor assembly 18 in any conventional manner. One such manner involves inserting bolts (not shown) through holes 39 ( FIGS. 2-4 ), which extend through legs 41 of crankcase 38 , and engaging the bolts to threaded holes (not shown) in stator 22 .
- crankcase 38 defines a substantially cylindrical perimetrical sidewall 45 that firmly and sealingly bears against main housing member 12 c .
- the firm engagement between the sidewall of crankcase 38 and main housing member may be achieved by conventional shrink-fit methods.
- the crankcases 38 of first and second compression mechanisms 14 , 16 cooperate with one another to sealingly divide interior plenum 13 into first discharge plenum 66 , second discharge plenum 68 and suction plenum 69 .
- First discharge plenum 66 includes that portion of interior plenum 13 located between crankcase 38 of first compression mechanism 14 and first end member 12 a of housing 12 .
- Second discharge plenum 68 includes the portion of interior plenum 13 located between crankcase 38 of second compression mechanism 16 and second end member 12 b of housing 12 .
- Suction plenum 69 comprises the portion of interior plenum 13 located between the crankcases of first and second compression mechanisms 14 , 16 .
- Suction inlet 15 extends through main housing member 12 c and communicates with suction plenum 69 .
- First and second discharge tubes 70 , 72 extend through first and second end housing members 12 a , 12 c , respectively, and communicate with respective discharge plenums 66 , 68 .
- top member 42 of each of first and second compression mechanisms 14 , 16 includes discharge port 56 , which provides fluid communication between compression chambers 52 of first and second compression mechanisms 14 , 16 and respective discharge plenums 66 , 68 .
- the outer surface of top member 42 defines recess 58 which surrounds and extends from discharge port 56 .
- Discharge valve assembly 60 fits within recess 58 and includes flexible discharge valve member 62 , rigid valve retainer 64 , and valve fastener 65 .
- Valve assembly 60 is mounted within recess 58 by valve fastener 65 , which engages valve fastener opening 67 .
- crankcase 38 of each of first and second compression mechanisms 14 , 16 defines inlet opening 74 by which the refrigerant flows into compression chamber 52 .
- Compressor assembly 10 can be configured as either a single-stage compressor, in which the refrigerant enters both first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 at suction pressure and is compressed therein and discharged at a final pressure, or a two-stage compressor, in which the refrigerant enters first compressor mechanism 14 at suction pressure, is compressed to an intermediate pressure, and is discharged to second compressor mechanism 16 wherein the refrigerant is further compressed to and discharged at a final pressure.
- inlet opening 74 communicates the refrigerant from suction plenum 69 to compression chamber 52 .
- inlet opening 74 is in fluid communication with compression chamber 52 and either suction plenum 69 , if compressor assembly 10 is a single-stage compressor, or first discharge tube 70 , if compressor assembly is a two-stage compressor. If compressor assembly is a two-stage compressor, first discharge tube 70 may extend from first end housing member 12 a , through main housing member 12 c , and join inlet opening 74 of second compressor mechanism 16 .
- drive shaft 30 is a unitary elongate member including elongate central portion 34 and first and second end portions 32 , 36 located on opposite ends of central portion 34 .
- Drive shaft 30 may be made of steel or any other rigid material sufficient to withstand the pressures and forces generated during operation without deformation or deflection.
- Drive shaft 30 extends along and rotates about rotational axis A-A.
- Each of first end portion 32 , central portion 34 and second end portion 36 defines a cross-sectional configuration oriented perpendicular to rotational axis A-A. As shown in FIGS.
- the cross-sectional configuration of central portion 34 is substantially circular, while the cross-sectional configurations of first and second end portions 32 , 36 are substantially non-circular.
- the cross-sectional configurations of first and second end portions 32 , 36 define a pair of opposing planar flats 33 which give the cross-sectional configurations of first and second end portions 32 , 36 an outer perimeter that is disposed radially within the outer perimeter of the cross-sectional configuration of central portion 34 relative to the rotational axis A-A.
- the cross-sectional configuration of first and second end portions 32 , 36 may be machined into shaft 30 or, alternatively, shaft 30 may be molded to form by any conventional method, such as by investment casting.
- inner roller 44 of each of the roller assemblies 43 of the first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 includes an outer cylindrical surface which defines roller axis A 1 -A 1 .
- a shaft mounting opening 46 extends through inner roller 44 along a line parallel to but spaced apart from the corresponding roller axis. Opening 46 has a substantially non-circular configuration, which includes a pair of opposing flats 47 .
- the overall configuration of opening 46 is complementary to the cross-sectional configurations of first and second end portions 32 , 36 of shaft 30 , such that first and second end portions 32 , 36 of shaft 30 may be slip-fit into opening 46 of roller 44 of first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 , respectively. This slip-fit engagement prevents relative rotation of shaft 30 with respect to inner roller 44 . Because opening 46 is offset from the corresponding roller axis, the rotation of shaft 30 imparts an orbiting motion to inner roller 44 .
- first and second end portions 32 , 36 of drive shaft 30 extend through and are journaled in crankcase 38 of first and second compression mechanisms 14 , 16 , respectively.
- Roller 44 of first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 is mounted, as described above, on first and second end portions 32 , 36 of shaft 30 .
- roller 44 of first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 may be oriented on shaft 30 such that roller axis A 1 -A 1 of each of first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 are positioned diametrically opposite one another relative to rotational axis A-A. Such an orientation may aid in rotationally balancing shaft 30 .
- first and second end portions 32 , 36 may be oriented so as to be rotationally offset from one another relative to rotational axis A-A. More specifically, the cross-sectional configurations of each of first and second end portions 32 , 36 defines a line of symmetry which divides the cross-sectional configuration into two symmetrical halves. As shown in FIG. 7 , the cross-sectional configurations of first and second end portions 32 , 36 may be oriented such that the line of symmetry of first end portion 32 is rotationally offset from the line of symmetry of second end portion 36 by 180° relative to rotational axis A-A.
- first and second end portions and their corresponding shaft receiving openings may take different shapes.
- first and second end portions and their corresponding shaft receiving openings may be square, semi-circular, or pentagonal in cross-section.
- first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 may be rotary-type compression mechanisms.
- first and second compressor mechanisms may be any type of compression mechanism, including reciprocating-piston mechanisms, orbiting-scroll mechanisms, and rotary-screw mechanisms.
- first and/or second compressor mechanisms could be an orbiting-scroll mechanism such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,013,225 to Richardson, Jr. which is assigned to Tecumseh Products Company, the assignee of the present invention and which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- the shaft receiving opening may be defined in the hub of the orbiting plate and the shaft may be slip-fit into the opening.
- first and second compressor mechanisms need not necessarily be identical to one another. In other words, first compressor mechanism may be of a different type than that of second compressor mechanism.
- rotor 20 rotates about rotational axis A-A which in turn causes the rotation of shaft 30 about axis A-A.
- the rotation of shaft 30 imparts a rotational force on roller 44 of both first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 .
- This rotational force is translated into an orbiting motion of rollers 44 simultaneously within chambers 52 of both first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 .
- roller 44 engages sliding vane 50 and the inside wall of cylinder block 40 to cause the crescent-shaped chamber 52 to expand and contract in size and, thereby, draw in and compress the refrigerant within the chambers 52 of first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 .
- the refrigerant is drawn into suction plenum 69 at suction pressure via suction inlet 15 .
- compressor assembly 10 is a two-stage compressor
- the refrigerant flows from suction plenum 69 to compression chamber 52 of first compressor mechanism 15 via inlet opening 74 .
- the refrigerant is compressed within compression chamber 52 of first compressor mechanism 14 .
- the pressure of the refrigerant within chamber 52 of first compressor mechanism 14 reaches a pressure sufficient to bias valve member 62 away from port 56
- the refrigerant is discharged through discharge port 56 into first discharge plenum 66 .
- From discharge plenum 66 the refrigerant enters discharge tube 70 and flows to second compressor mechanism 16 where it enters compression chamber 52 of second compressor mechanism 16 through inlet opening 74 of second compressor mechanism 16 .
- the refrigerant is then compressed to a higher pressure and is discharged through discharge port 56 of second compressor mechanism 16 when the pressure within compression chamber 52 of second compressor mechanism 16 is sufficient to bias valve member 62 away from port 56 . From second discharge plenum 68 the refrigerant enters second discharge tube 72 and exits compressor assembly 10 .
- compressor assembly 10 is configured as a single-stage compressor, the refrigerant flows from suction plenum 69 into the compression chambers 52 of both first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 .
- the refrigerant is then compressed within compression chambers 52 of first and second compressor mechanisms 14 , 16 and is discharged through discharge ports 56 and into first and second discharge plenums 66 and 68 , respectively. From discharge plenums 66 , 68 the refrigerant enters discharge tubes 70 , 72 , respectively, and exits the compressor assembly 10 .
- compressor 110 generally includes motor assembly, 18 , first and second compressor mechanisms 114 , 116 and shaft 130 , which also does not include unitarily defined eccentric portions.
- shaft 130 includes a one-piece elongate member defining first end portion 132 and opposite second end portion 136 .
- Shaft 130 extends through a central bore in rotor 20 of motor assembly 18 along rotational axis A-A and is rotatably secured to rotor 20 for rotation therewith.
- First and second end portions 132 , 136 of shaft 130 are positioned adjacent opposite ends of motor assembly 18 .
- first and second end portions 132 , 136 define a central opening 138 extending axially into first and second end portions 132 , 136 along rotational axis A-A.
- Groove 140 extends around the circumference of each of first and second end portions 132 , 136 (not shown at end portion 132 ) and extends inward toward central opening 138 .
- First and second compressor mechanisms 114 , 116 each include eccentric member 144 .
- Eccentric member 144 of first and second compressor mechanisms 114 , 116 each includes substantially cylindrical eccentric portion 144 a which defines member axis A 1 -A 1 , and a linking rod 144 b extending from eccentric portion 144 a along a rod axis parallel to but spaced apart from member axis A 1 -A 1 .
- Linking rod 144 b is sized and shaped to fit within central opening 138 and defines groove 146 , which extends around the circumference of linking rod 144 b .
- Grooves 140 and 146 cooperate to define a lubrication passage.
- Opening 162 is formed in groove 146 and acts as a lubrication passage for delivering lubricant to grooves 140 and 146 .
- Eccentric member defines a lubrication passage 160 extending through linking rod 144 b and eccentric portion 144 a along the rod axis.
- An eccentric member 144 may be mounted to each of first and second end portions 132 , 136 of shaft 130 by press fitting linking rod 144 b into central opening 138 .
- Alternative means may be provided for securing rod 144 b in central opening 138 .
- eccentric members 144 may be oriented on shaft 130 such that member axis A 1 -A 1 of each of first and second compressor mechanisms 114 , 116 are positioned diametrically opposite one another relative to rotational axis A-A.
- first and second compressor mechanisms 114 , 116 may be reciprocating piston-type compressor mechanisms.
- First and second compressor mechanisms 114 , 116 each includes piston 149 which operably engages eccentric member 144 through linkage key 150 .
- Linkage key 150 includes a ring portion 150 a which is rotatably mounted about cylindrical eccentric portion 144 a of eccentric member 144 .
- Ring portion 150 a includes a lubrication passage 164 for communicating lubrication fluid to the mating surfaces of ring portion 150 a and eccentric portion 144 a .
- Linkage key also includes a linkage arm 150 b which extends from linkage ring and engages piston 149 in a conventional manner.
- FIGS. 9-10 illustrate compressor mechanisms 114 and 116 as reciprocating piston-type mechanisms, it is contemplated that other compressor mechanisms may be used.
- member 144 could serve as the inner roller of a rotary-type compressor mechanism and, therefore, a rotary-type compressor mechanism could be mounted to the opposite ends of drive shaft 130 .
Abstract
Description
- This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to provisional application Ser. No. 60/589,051, filed in the name of Zer Kai Yap on Jul. 19, 2004.
- The present invention relates generally to hermetic compressor assemblies having two compressor mechanisms driven by a single motor and, more particularly, to hermetic compressor assemblies having an improved drive shaft operably coupling the motor to the two compressor mechanisms.
- Compressor assemblies having two compressor mechanisms operably coupled to a single motor by a drive shaft are known. In many such assemblies, the drive shaft includes two integral eccentric portions defined at one end of the shaft. These eccentric portions are often machined into, or integrally molded with, the shaft such that they are unitary with the shaft. The motor includes a rotating rotor which defines a central bore extending through the rotor along a rotational axis. The end of the drive shaft opposite the eccentric portions extends into the bore and is affixed to the rotor for rotation therewith. Each of the integral eccentric portions operably engages one of the two compressor mechanisms, thereby mounting both of the two compressor mechanisms at one end of the drive shaft and adjacent one end of the motor.
- Still other dual mechanism compressor assemblies are known in which the unitary eccentric portions are defined at opposite ends of the drive shaft. In such assemblies, the two compressor mechanisms are operably mounted about the eccentric portions at opposite ends of the shaft and are thereby positioned adjacent opposite ends of the motor. Such an arrangement may be used to improve the balance of the compressor assembly, which may reduce the vibration and lower noise. However, oftentimes the eccentric portions define a larger cross-section than that of the drive shaft. These eccentric portions cannot fit through the bore of the rotor and, consequently, it is difficult to assemble such a compressor using a one-piece shaft. Instead, these compressor mechanisms require a two-piece drive shaft that is joined inside the rotor. The two-piece drive shaft design may be less rigid than the one-piece design, thereby causing the shaft to bend or deflect. Deflection of the shaft may cause the misalignment of the bearings, which ultimately may result in leaks and housing deformation.
- Due to the problems associated with a drive shaft having unitary eccentric portions, a need remains for a hermetic compressor assembly having two compressor mechanisms operably engaged to opposite ends of a drive shaft without the use of eccentric portions unitarily defined in the drive shaft.
- The present invention provides a compressor assembly that uses a shaft, which does not include unitarily defined eccentric portions at both ends and which extends through the motor to operably engage a compression mechanism at each end of the shaft on the opposite ends of the motor.
- The compressor assembly comprises, in one form thereof, a motor including a stator and a rotor, and a drive shaft including an elongate central portion and first and second end portions located on opposite ends of the central portion. The drive shaft defines a rotational axis. First end portion, second end portion and central portions define respective first, second and third cross-sectional configurations oriented perpendicular to the rotational axis. Each of the first and second cross-sectional configurations has an outer perimeter disposed radially within the outer perimeter of the third cross-sectional configuration relative to the rotational axis. The drive shaft extends through the rotor with the central portion being rotationally secured to the rotor, the first end portion disposed proximate a first end of the motor and the second portion disposed proximate a second end of the motor. A first compressor mechanism is disposed proximate the first end of the motor and is operatively coupled to the first end portion of the drive shaft wherein the first end portion rotationally drives the first compressor mechanism. A second compressor mechanism is disposed proximate the second end of the motor and is operatively coupled to the second end portion of the drive shaft wherein the second end portion rotationally drives the second compressor mechanism.
- In another form, the compressor assembly comprises a motor including a stator and a rotor, and a drive shaft comprising an elongate central portion and first and second end portions located on opposite ends of the central portion. The drive shaft defines a rotational axis. The first end portion, second end portion and central portion define first, second and third cross-sectional configurations, respectively, oriented perpendicular to the rotational axis. Each of the first and second cross-sectional configurations has an outer perimeter disposed radially within the outer perimeter of the third cross-sectional configuration relative to the rotational axis. The first and second end portions each define a substantially similar non-circular cross-sectional configuration. The first and second configurations are rotationally offset by 180 degrees relative to the rotational axis. The drive shaft extends through the rotor with the central portion being rotationally secured to the rotor, the first end portion disposed proximate a first end of the motor and the second end portion disposed proximate a second end of the motor. A first rotary compressor mechanism is disposed proximate the first end of the motor and operatively coupled to the first end portion of the drive shaft wherein the first end portion rotationally drives the first compressor mechanism. A second rotary compressor mechanism is disposed proximate the second end of the motor and is operatively coupled to the second end portion of the drive shaft wherein the second end portion rotationally drives the second compressor mechanism.
- The present invention also provides a method of assembling a compressor assembly. The method, in one form thereof, includes providing a motor having a stator and a rotor, the rotor having an axially extending central bore, forming a drive shaft with an integral elongate member wherein the drive shaft includes an elongate central portion and first and second end portions located on opposite ends of the central portion, the drive shaft defining a rotational axis, the first end portion defining a first cross-sectional configuration oriented perpendicular to the rotational axis, the second end portion defining a second cross-sectional configuration oriented perpendicular to the rotational axis and the central portion defining a third cross-sectional configuration oriented perpendicular to the rotational axis wherein each of the first and second cross-sectional configurations has an outer perimeter disposed radially within the outer perimeter of the third cross-sectional configuration relative to the rotational axis, securing the drive shaft to the rotor by thermally expanding the rotor, inserting one of the first and second end portions of the drive shaft through the central bore of the rotor wherein the first end portion of the drive shaft accessible from a first end of the rotor and the second end portion of the drive shaft is accessible from a second end of the rotor, and allowing the rotor to cool and rotationally secure the drive shaft in the central bore of the rotor in a shrink-fit engagement, operably coupling a first compressor mechanism to the first end portion of the drive shaft wherein the drive shaft rotationally drives the first compressor mechanism, and operably coupling a second compressor mechanism to the second end portion of the drive shaft wherein the drive shaft rotationally drives the second compressor mechanism.
- The above mentioned and other features and objects of this invention, and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and the invention itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a dual mechanism hermetic compressor assembly according to the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a top sectional view of the compressor assembly ofFIG. 1 taken along lines 2-2; -
FIG. 3 is an inner end perspective view of the crankcase/shaft assembly of the compressor assembly ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is an outside end view of the compressor mechanism of the compressor assembly ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the shaft roller assembly of the compressor assembly ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the inner roller of the compressor assembly ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the shaft of the compressor assembly ofFIG. 1 ;. -
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a shaft according to another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a shaft/eccentric/piston assembly according to the embodiment ofFIG. 8 ; and -
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of compressor assembly with the assembly inFIG. 9 . - Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. Although the exemplification set out herein illustrates embodiments of the invention, in several forms, the embodiments disclosed below are not intended to be exhaustive or to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention to the precise forms disclosed.
- Referring first to
FIG. 1 ,compressor assembly 10 generally includesfirst compressor mechanism 14,second compressor mechanism 16 andmotor assembly 18, all of which are disposed withininterior volume 13 ofhousing 12.Housing 12 includes first andsecond end members main member 12 c.Housing members interior volume 13. - Still referring to
FIG. 1 ,motor assembly 18 definesfirst end 26 and oppositesecond end 28 and includesrotor 20,stator 22 andstator windings 24.Motor assembly 18 is connected to a power source (not shown) which drives the rotation ofrotor 20 about rotational axis A-A. Elongatedrive shaft 30 extends throughmotor assembly 18 and operably connects first andsecond compressor mechanisms motor assembly 18.Drive shaft 30 extends through a central bore inrotor 20 along rotational axis A-A and is rotatably secured torotor 20 for rotation therewith about axis A-A.Shaft 30 may be secured torotor 20 using conventional shrink-fit methods. One such method includes thermally expandingrotor 20, insertingshaft 30 through the central bore of thermally expandedrotor 20, and allowingrotor 20 to cool and, thus, shrink aroundshaft 30 to secureshaft 30 withinrotor 20. - As illustrated in
FIG. 1 ,drive shaft 30 is integrally formed as a single unit and definesfirst end portion 32, elongatecentral portion 34 andsecond end portion 36. First andsecond end portions shaft 30 protrude from respective first and second ends 26, 28 ofmotor assembly 18 and operably engage first andsecond compressor mechanisms second compressor mechanisms motor assembly 18. The positioning of first andsecond compressor mechanisms motor assembly 18 provides improved balance in comparison to an assembly wherein one or more compressors are positioned proximate a single end of the motor. This improved balance may result in lower vibration and, ultimately, lower noise. The configuration of first andsecond end portions second compressor mechanisms - Turning to
FIGS. 1 and 2 , first andsecond compressor mechanisms crankcase 38,annular cylinder block 40,top member 42, androller assembly 43.Cylinder block 40 is mounted betweencrankcase 38 andtop member 42.Top member 42,cylinder block 40 andcrankcase 38 are secured to one another by fasteners (not shown) which extend through fastener-receivingholes top member 42,cylinder block 40, andcrankcase 38, respectively.Cylinder block 40 defines an inside wall which cooperates withcrankcase 38 andtop member 42 to formcompression chamber 52 in which a compressible fluid, such as a refrigerant, may be compressed. - As shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2 ,roller assembly 43 is disposed withincompression chamber 52 and includes eccentricinner roller 44 andmain roller 48 rotatably mounted about eccentricinner roller 44.Inner roller 44 is operably coupled to driveshaft 30, the rotation of which causesroller assembly 43 to orbit withincompression chamber 52. The engagement betweendrive shaft 30 andinner roller 44 is described in further detail below. Needle roller bearings (not shown) may be mounted betweeninner roller 44 andmain roller 48 to facilitate the rotation ofmain roller 48 aboutinner roller 44.Main roller 48 defines a cylindrical outer surface which travels along and sealingly engages the inside wall ofcylinder block 40 to givecompression chamber 52 an evolving crescent shape. Slidingvane 50 reciprocates withinslot 51 defined incylinder block 40 and engagesmain roller 48. - Referring to
FIG. 1 ,crankcase 38 of each of first andsecond mechanisms motor assembly 18, thereby securing first andsecond compressor mechanisms motor assembly 18.Crankcase 38 may be mounted tomotor assembly 18 in any conventional manner. One such manner involves inserting bolts (not shown) through holes 39 (FIGS. 2-4 ), which extend throughlegs 41 ofcrankcase 38, and engaging the bolts to threaded holes (not shown) instator 22. - As illustrated in
FIGS. 1 and 3 -4,crankcase 38 defines a substantially cylindricalperimetrical sidewall 45 that firmly and sealingly bears againstmain housing member 12 c. The firm engagement between the sidewall ofcrankcase 38 and main housing member may be achieved by conventional shrink-fit methods. As a result of the sealed engagement betweencrankcase 38 andhousing 12, thecrankcases 38 of first andsecond compression mechanisms interior plenum 13 intofirst discharge plenum 66,second discharge plenum 68 andsuction plenum 69.First discharge plenum 66 includes that portion ofinterior plenum 13 located betweencrankcase 38 offirst compression mechanism 14 andfirst end member 12 a ofhousing 12.Second discharge plenum 68 includes the portion ofinterior plenum 13 located betweencrankcase 38 ofsecond compression mechanism 16 andsecond end member 12 b ofhousing 12.Suction plenum 69 comprises the portion ofinterior plenum 13 located between the crankcases of first andsecond compression mechanisms Suction inlet 15 extends throughmain housing member 12 c and communicates withsuction plenum 69. First andsecond discharge tubes end housing members respective discharge plenums - Referring now to
FIGS. 1 and 4 ,top member 42 of each of first andsecond compression mechanisms discharge port 56, which provides fluid communication betweencompression chambers 52 of first andsecond compression mechanisms respective discharge plenums FIG. 4 , the outer surface oftop member 42 defines recess 58 which surrounds and extends fromdischarge port 56.Discharge valve assembly 60 fits within recess 58 and includes flexibledischarge valve member 62,rigid valve retainer 64, and valve fastener 65.Valve assembly 60 is mounted within recess 58 by valve fastener 65, which engagesvalve fastener opening 67. - Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 3 ,crankcase 38 of each of first andsecond compression mechanisms compression chamber 52.Compressor assembly 10 can be configured as either a single-stage compressor, in which the refrigerant enters both first andsecond compressor mechanisms first compressor mechanism 14 at suction pressure, is compressed to an intermediate pressure, and is discharged tosecond compressor mechanism 16 wherein the refrigerant is further compressed to and discharged at a final pressure. Infirst compressor mechanism 14, inlet opening 74 communicates the refrigerant fromsuction plenum 69 tocompression chamber 52. Insecond compressor mechanism 16, inlet opening 74 is in fluid communication withcompression chamber 52 and eithersuction plenum 69, ifcompressor assembly 10 is a single-stage compressor, orfirst discharge tube 70, if compressor assembly is a two-stage compressor. If compressor assembly is a two-stage compressor,first discharge tube 70 may extend from firstend housing member 12 a, throughmain housing member 12 c, and join inlet opening 74 ofsecond compressor mechanism 16. - Referring now to
FIGS. 5-7 , the configuration ofdrive shaft 30 and its engagement with first andsecond compressor mechanisms shaft 30 is a unitary elongate member including elongatecentral portion 34 and first andsecond end portions central portion 34. Driveshaft 30 may be made of steel or any other rigid material sufficient to withstand the pressures and forces generated during operation without deformation or deflection. Driveshaft 30 extends along and rotates about rotational axis A-A. Each offirst end portion 32,central portion 34 andsecond end portion 36 defines a cross-sectional configuration oriented perpendicular to rotational axis A-A. As shown inFIGS. 5 and 7 , the cross-sectional configuration ofcentral portion 34 is substantially circular, while the cross-sectional configurations of first andsecond end portions second end portions planar flats 33 which give the cross-sectional configurations of first andsecond end portions central portion 34 relative to the rotational axis A-A. The cross-sectional configuration of first andsecond end portions shaft 30 or, alternatively,shaft 30 may be molded to form by any conventional method, such as by investment casting. - Turning to
FIG. 6 ,inner roller 44 of each of theroller assemblies 43 of the first andsecond compressor mechanisms shaft mounting opening 46 extends throughinner roller 44 along a line parallel to but spaced apart from the corresponding roller axis.Opening 46 has a substantially non-circular configuration, which includes a pair of opposingflats 47. The overall configuration of opening 46 is complementary to the cross-sectional configurations of first andsecond end portions shaft 30, such that first andsecond end portions shaft 30 may be slip-fit into opening 46 ofroller 44 of first andsecond compressor mechanisms shaft 30 with respect toinner roller 44. Because opening 46 is offset from the corresponding roller axis, the rotation ofshaft 30 imparts an orbiting motion toinner roller 44. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , first andsecond end portions drive shaft 30 extend through and are journaled incrankcase 38 of first andsecond compression mechanisms Roller 44 of first andsecond compressor mechanisms second end portions shaft 30. As shown inFIG. 5 ,roller 44 of first andsecond compressor mechanisms shaft 30 such that roller axis A1-A1 of each of first andsecond compressor mechanisms shaft 30. In addition or in the alternative, the cross-sectional configurations of first andsecond end portions second end portions FIG. 7 , the cross-sectional configurations of first andsecond end portions first end portion 32 is rotationally offset from the line of symmetry ofsecond end portion 36 by 180° relative to rotational axis A-A. - In alternative embodiments, the cross-sectional configurations of first and second end portions and their corresponding shaft receiving openings may take different shapes. For instance, first and second end portions and their corresponding shaft receiving openings may be square, semi-circular, or pentagonal in cross-section.
- As illustrated in
FIGS. 1 and 2 and described above, both first andsecond compressor mechanisms - In operation,
rotor 20 rotates about rotational axis A-A which in turn causes the rotation ofshaft 30 about axis A-A. The rotation ofshaft 30 imparts a rotational force onroller 44 of both first andsecond compressor mechanisms rollers 44 simultaneously withinchambers 52 of both first andsecond compressor mechanisms roller 44 orbits withinchamber 52, it engages slidingvane 50 and the inside wall ofcylinder block 40 to cause the crescent-shapedchamber 52 to expand and contract in size and, thereby, draw in and compress the refrigerant within thechambers 52 of first andsecond compressor mechanisms suction plenum 69 at suction pressure viasuction inlet 15. - Assuming
compressor assembly 10 is a two-stage compressor, the refrigerant flows fromsuction plenum 69 tocompression chamber 52 offirst compressor mechanism 15 viainlet opening 74. The refrigerant is compressed withincompression chamber 52 offirst compressor mechanism 14. When the pressure of the refrigerant withinchamber 52 offirst compressor mechanism 14 reaches a pressure sufficient tobias valve member 62 away fromport 56, the refrigerant is discharged throughdischarge port 56 intofirst discharge plenum 66. Fromdischarge plenum 66 the refrigerant entersdischarge tube 70 and flows tosecond compressor mechanism 16 where it enterscompression chamber 52 ofsecond compressor mechanism 16 through inlet opening 74 ofsecond compressor mechanism 16. The refrigerant is then compressed to a higher pressure and is discharged throughdischarge port 56 ofsecond compressor mechanism 16 when the pressure withincompression chamber 52 ofsecond compressor mechanism 16 is sufficient to biasvalve member 62 away fromport 56. Fromsecond discharge plenum 68 the refrigerant enterssecond discharge tube 72 and exitscompressor assembly 10. - If
compressor assembly 10 is configured as a single-stage compressor, the refrigerant flows fromsuction plenum 69 into thecompression chambers 52 of both first andsecond compressor mechanisms compression chambers 52 of first andsecond compressor mechanisms discharge ports 56 and into first andsecond discharge plenums discharge plenums discharge tubes compressor assembly 10. - In an alternative embodiment shown in
FIGS. 8-10 , compressor 110 generally includes motor assembly, 18, first andsecond compressor mechanisms shaft 130, which also does not include unitarily defined eccentric portions. As shown inFIG. 8 ,shaft 130 includes a one-piece elongate member definingfirst end portion 132 and oppositesecond end portion 136.Shaft 130 extends through a central bore inrotor 20 ofmotor assembly 18 along rotational axis A-A and is rotatably secured torotor 20 for rotation therewith. First andsecond end portions shaft 130 are positioned adjacent opposite ends ofmotor assembly 18. Each of first andsecond end portions central opening 138 extending axially into first andsecond end portions Groove 140 extends around the circumference of each of first andsecond end portions 132, 136 (not shown at end portion 132) and extends inward towardcentral opening 138. - First and
second compressor mechanisms eccentric member 144.Eccentric member 144 of first andsecond compressor mechanisms eccentric portion 144 a which defines member axis A1-A1, and a linkingrod 144 b extending fromeccentric portion 144 a along a rod axis parallel to but spaced apart from member axis A1-A1. Linkingrod 144 b is sized and shaped to fit withincentral opening 138 and definesgroove 146, which extends around the circumference of linkingrod 144 b.Grooves Opening 162 is formed ingroove 146 and acts as a lubrication passage for delivering lubricant togrooves lubrication passage 160 extending through linkingrod 144 b andeccentric portion 144 a along the rod axis. - An
eccentric member 144 may be mounted to each of first andsecond end portions shaft 130 by pressfitting linking rod 144 b intocentral opening 138. Alternative means may be provided for securingrod 144 b incentral opening 138. To achieve optimum balanceeccentric members 144 may be oriented onshaft 130 such that member axis A1-A1 of each of first andsecond compressor mechanisms - As illustrated in
FIGS. 9-10 , first andsecond compressor mechanisms second compressor mechanisms piston 149 which operably engageseccentric member 144 throughlinkage key 150.Linkage key 150 includes aring portion 150 a which is rotatably mounted about cylindricaleccentric portion 144 a ofeccentric member 144.Ring portion 150 a includes alubrication passage 164 for communicating lubrication fluid to the mating surfaces ofring portion 150 a andeccentric portion 144 a. Linkage key also includes alinkage arm 150 b which extends from linkage ring and engagespiston 149 in a conventional manner. The rotation ofshaft 130 about rotational axis A-A imparts a rotational force oneccentric member 144 causingeccentric member 144 to orbit about rotational axis A-A. The orbiting motion ofeccentric member 144 imparts a reciprocating motion topiston 149 withincylindrical chamber 148 throughlinkage key 150. - While
FIGS. 9-10 illustratecompressor mechanisms member 144 could serve as the inner roller of a rotary-type compressor mechanism and, therefore, a rotary-type compressor mechanism could be mounted to the opposite ends ofdrive shaft 130. - While this invention has been described as having an exemplary design, the present invention may be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles.
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/143,084 US20060013708A1 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-06-02 | Drive shaft for compressor |
CA002512422A CA2512422A1 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-18 | Drive shaft for compressor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US58905104P | 2004-07-19 | 2004-07-19 | |
US11/143,084 US20060013708A1 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-06-02 | Drive shaft for compressor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060013708A1 true US20060013708A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
Family
ID=35599625
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/143,084 Abandoned US20060013708A1 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-06-02 | Drive shaft for compressor |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20060013708A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2512422A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060153705A1 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-07-13 | Horton W T | Drive shaft for compressor |
US10801483B2 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-10-13 | Hitachi-Johnson Controls Air Conditioning, Inc. | Rolling cylinder displacement compressor |
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Also Published As
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