US20040188012A1 - Custom gauge panel and system and method for manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Custom gauge panel and system and method for manufacture thereof Download PDFInfo
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- US20040188012A1 US20040188012A1 US10/403,404 US40340403A US2004188012A1 US 20040188012 A1 US20040188012 A1 US 20040188012A1 US 40340403 A US40340403 A US 40340403A US 2004188012 A1 US2004188012 A1 US 2004188012A1
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- translucent medium
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- G06Q30/00—Commerce
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- G06Q30/0633—Lists, e.g. purchase orders, compilation or processing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60Y2304/07—Facilitating assembling or mounting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Definitions
- the invention relates generally to devices, methods, and systems for displaying information. Specifically, the invention relates to custom made gauge panels and devices, methods, and systems for ordering and manufacturing custom made gauge panels.
- gauge panels such as instrument panels found within vehicles are required to function in a wide variety of conditions and environments. The materials and methods used to produce gauge panels must be carefully selected to maintain color and vibrancy over many years of use.
- the present invention provides an improved custom gauge panel, a method and system for manufacturing custom gauge panels, and an apparatus, method, and system for ordering custom gauge panels.
- the user-selected design printed on the translucent medium includes a plurality of layers printed with user-selected colors.
- One or more layers of the plurality of layers may contain a user-selected graphic including a user-provided or user-designed graphic.
- the translucent medium is selected from a vinyl film, a polyester film, a metallized polyester film, a fluorescent vinyl film, a luminous phosphor film, and a polycarbonate film.
- the translucent medium is made of materials that are non-outgassing and substantially stable over a wide range of vehicle interior conditions.
- a substantially transparent protective layer may be laminated to the translucent medium to facilitate manufacture of the apparatus and protect the translucent medium and user-selected design during installation and use.
- the substantially transparent protective layer is selected from a polyester material, a vinyl material, and a polycarbonate material.
- the substantially transparent protective layer may be a scratch resistant material such as a textured vinyl.
- the electro-luminescent substrate provides backlighting to the dial face layers under low-light and nighttime conditions.
- the electro-luminescent substrate is a pre-manufactured electro-luminescent panel.
- the electro-luminescent substrate includes a layer of electro-luminescent material and one or more protective layers.
- a method for manufacturing a custom gauge panel includes printing a user-selected design to a translucent medium, and bonding the translucent medium directly to an electro-luminescent substrate.
- the user-selected design may include a graphic that is selected, created, or provided by a customer or customer representative.
- printing the user-selected design comprises a thermal transfer printing process.
- the translucent medium is preferably made of materials that are non-outgassing and substantially stable over a wide range of vehicle interior conditions.
- the translucent medium has an adhesive backing that facilitates bonding the translucent medium to a substrate.
- the user-selected design may be printed to the translucent medium using a thermal transfer print process.
- printing the user-selected design involves loading a control file corresponding to a vehicle make and model within a print controller and selectively activating layers from a plurality of layers within the control file.
- the selectively activated layers may be assigned user-selected colors.
- the selectively activated layers correspond to layers of resin-based thermal transfer foil that are thermally transferred to the translucent medium using a thermal transfer print process.
- a substantially transparent layer may be laminated to the translucent medium previous to bonding the translucent medium to the substrate.
- the substantially transparent layer may be a scratch resistant material such as a textured vinyl.
- one embodiment of a system for manufacturing custom gauge panels includes a printing station configured to print a user-selected design to a translucent medium, a lamination press configured to laminate a substantially transparent protective layer to the translucent medium and thereby provide a dial face, a cutting station configured to cut the dial face, and a bonding station configured to bond the dial face to an electro-luminescent substrate.
- the system for manufacturing custom gauge panels may also include an order fulfillment server configured to receive a user-selected design from a customer.
- the system for manufacturing custom gauge panels facilitates manufacturing custom gauge panels and may use the aforementioned method for manufacturing a custom gauge panel.
- an apparatus for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel includes one or more option selectors configured to enable selection of gauge panel options, a preview module configured to preview a gauge panel with the selected gauge panel options, and an order submission module configured to submit an order for a gauge panel with the selected gauge panel options.
- the apparatus for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel also includes an order status module configured to display a status for a submitted order.
- the preview module is further configured to preview the gauge panel under various lighting conditions such as daylight and nighttime conditions.
- the option selectors include selectors that facilitate selecting background options, dial scale options, and dial face text options.
- the selectors for background options may include a background pattern selector, a background color selector, and a graphic selector.
- the selectors for dial scale options may include a tick mark style selector, a tick mark color selector, a scale font style selector, a scale font size selector, a scale font color selector, a shift line range selector, a shift line style selector, and a shift line color selector.
- the selectors for dial face text options may include a text position selector, a text alignment selector, a font style selector, a font color selector, and a font size selector. The various selectors facilitate selecting, previewing, and submitting an order for a custom manufactured gauge panel.
- the apparatus for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel includes a graphical editor configured to enable graphical editing of a custom dial face, an upload module configured to receive a dial face design provided by a user, and a text editor configured to enable entry of a desired text string.
- a system for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel includes an order station configured to preview a gauge panel with a user-selected design and a printing station configured to print the user-selected design to a translucent medium. Furthermore, the system for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel may also include an order fulfillment server configured to receive an order for a gauge panel with the user-selected design, a lamination press configured to laminate a substantially transparent protective layer to a translucent medium, a cutting station configured to dial face, and a bonding station configured to bond a dial face to an electro-luminescent substrate.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of an order fulfillment system of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of an order fulfillment method of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of a custom panel print method of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective exploded view drawing of one example of an uncut dial face of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view drawing of one example of a custom panel of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a gauge panel ordering apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of a gauge panel ordering method of the present invention.
- modules may be implemented as a hardware circuit comprising custom VLSI circuits or gate arrays, off-the-shelf semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or other discrete components.
- a module may also be implemented in programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable array logic, programmable logic devices or the like.
- Modules may also be implemented in software for execution by various types of processors.
- An identified module of executable code may, for instance, comprise one or more physical or logical blocks of computer instructions which may, for instance, be organized as an object, procedure, or function. Nevertheless, the executables of an identified module need not be physically located together, but may comprise disparate instructions stored in different locations which, when joined logically together, comprise the module and achieve the stated purpose for the module.
- a module of executable code could be a single instruction, or many instructions, and may even be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs, and across several memory devices.
- operational data may be identified and illustrated herein within modules, and may be embodied in any suitable form and organized within any suitable type of data structure. The operational data may be collected as a single data set, or may be distributed over different locations including over different storage devices, and may exist, at least partially, merely as electronic signals on a system or network.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of an order fulfillment system 100 of the present invention.
- the order fulfillment system 100 includes a customer (or customer representative) 110 , an order station 115 , a communications network 120 , a order fulfillment server 130 , a print station 140 including a print controller 145 and a printer 150 , a lamination press 160 , a cutting station 170 , a bonding station 180 , and a shipping service 190 .
- the order fulfillment system may also include a web server 125 and an order database 135 .
- the order fulfillment system 100 is specifically optimized to fulfill orders for custom gauge panels or the like.
- the customer 110 or a representative of the customer 110 interacts with the order station 115 via interactions 112 such as placing, previewing, reviewing, and tracking orders for custom gauge panels or the like.
- the order station 115 is a computer equipped with a web browser.
- the order station 115 is a kiosk placed at an automotive store or the like.
- the order station 115 is a telephone.
- the interactions 112 conducted by the user may initiate communications 118 on the communications network 120 . As depicted, the communications 118 occur between the order station 115 , the web server 125 , and the order fulfillment server 130 .
- the communications 118 conducted with the web server 125 includes options selected by the customer for a custom gauge panel that may be ordered by the customer.
- a web page presented to the order station 115 by the web server 125 may include a number of option selectors used by the customer (or customer representative) to select desired options for a custom gauge panel.
- the web server 125 may provide data used to generate a preview of the custom gauge to the customer on the order station 115 .
- the customer may generate an order request 122 or initiate generation of an order request 122 via the web server 125 .
- the order request 122 is received by the order fulfillment server 130 and may be placed in the order database 135 . Once received, the order request 122 may be viewed and edited by an operator, technician, customer service agent, or the like.
- an electronic catalog executing on the order station 115 or the like conducts communications 118 directly with the order fulfillment server 130 that facilitates placing, previewing, reviewing, and tracking orders for custom gauge panels or the like.
- the communications 118 may include an order request 122 .
- a customer service agent enters an order request 122 at a terminal as directed by a customer verbally communicating the communications 118 over a network 120 that is a telephone network.
- a set of order options 132 may be extracted from the order requests 122 .
- one or more tooling control data files 133 may be provided by the order fulfillment server 130 or the like.
- the order options 132 and the tooling control data files 133 may be used to direct or control manufacture of a custom gauge panel.
- the order options 132 and the tooling control data files 133 may be used by machinery, equipment, or personnel to fulfill the order requests 122 .
- a custom design is imprinted on a translucent medium.
- the printer 150 prints a custom design on the translucent medium as directed by a print control stream 142 generated by the print controller 145 .
- the material and color of the translucent medium may be selected by the customer.
- the printer 150 is a thermal transfer printer and the translucent medium is selected from vinyl films, polyester films, metallized polyester films, fluorescent vinyl films, luminous phosphor films, polycarbonate films, or the like.
- a selected translucent medium is loaded on the printer 150
- a control file is loaded on the print controller 145 corresponding to a particular vehicle model
- layers are activated within the control file corresponding to options selected by the customer.
- the control file may corresponding to a particular vehicle model may contain a layer for each dial scale font style that may be selected by the customer.
- a color selected by the customer may be assigned to each activated layer within the control file.
- the control file is an Adobe IllustratorTM file and a resin-based thermal transfer foil corresponding to the assigned color is loaded into the printer 150 for each layer that is printed.
- the aforementioned processes associated with the print station 140 are conducted by personnel. In another embodiment, the processes are monitored by personnel and conducted automatically in response to reception of the order options 132 or the tooling control data files 133 by the print station 140 .
- the translucent medium is laminated with a substantially transparent layer that protects the translucent medium and the custom design printed thereon.
- the lamination station 160 includes a heat lamination press and the substantially transparent layer is made of a suitable film such as a polyester, vinyl, or polycarbonate film.
- the substantially transparent layer may also function to stiffen the translucent medium in that the medium may be a very supple film. Stiffening the translucent medium increases manufacturing precision and reduces manufacturing errors.
- the combination of the translucent medium and custom printed design laminated with the substantially transparent layer essentially forms an uncut dial face 162 .
- a cutting mask is also laminated to the exposed surface of the substantially transparent layer at the lamination station 160 in order to protect the dial face 162 during cutting operations.
- the cutting mask is a layer of thin paper.
- the dial face 162 is cut to the proper dimensions to create a cut dial face 172 .
- the cutting station 170 is a laser cutter.
- the cut dial face 172 is bonded to an electro-luminescent substrate to form a custom gauge panel 182 .
- the electro-luminescent substrate is a pre-manufactured electro-luminescent panel that receives an AC driving signal and emits electro-luminescent light.
- the electro-luminescent substrate comprises an electro-luminescent layer and a protective layer that are laminated to the cut dial face 172 .
- the custom gauge panel 182 is packed and shipped via a shipping service 190 in order to fulfill the order request 122 generated by the customer 110 .
- the order fulfillment system 100 enables reception and fulfillment of orders for custom gauge panels in an efficient effective manner.
- the graphical design of the custom gauge panel 182 , and in certain embodiments, the materials used to manufacture the custom gauge panel 182 correspond to options selected by the customer when previewing the selected options and generating the order request 122 .
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of an order fulfillment method 200 of the present invention.
- the order fulfillment method 200 may be conducted in conjunction with, or independent of, the order fulfillment system 100 .
- the order fulfillment method 200 includes a receive order step 210 , a print artwork step 220 , a laminate step 230 , a cut artwork step 240 , a bond step 250 , and a ship order step 260 .
- the order fulfillment method 200 facilitates manufacturing custom gauge panels or the like.
- an order such as the order request 122 is received from a customer, customer agent or the like.
- the order may specify particular options and designs desired by the customer.
- artwork appropriate to the order request is printed on a suitable medium such as a translucent material.
- one or more protective layers are laminated to the suitable medium containing the printed artwork to provide an uncut dial face such as the uncut dial face 162 .
- the uncut dial face is cut to appropriate dimensions and subsequently bonded to a suitable substrate at the bond step 250 .
- the suitable substrate is an electro-luminescent panel. Bonding the cut dial face to the suitable substrate essentially forms a custom gauge panel that is packed and shipped to the customer or customer agent at the ship order step 260 . Upon completion of the ship order step 260 the depicted order fulfillment methods ends 270 .
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of a custom panel print method 300 of the present invention.
- the custom panel print method 300 may be conducted in conjunction with, or independent of, the print station 140 .
- the custom panel print method 300 includes a load artwork step 310 , a select active layers step 320 , a specify print order step 330 , and a print active layers step 340 .
- artwork is loaded into a print controller or the like that supports multiple layers of artwork.
- the artwork is stored in one or more graphics files containing layers corresponding to various options provided to a customer.
- selected layers are activated for printing.
- the selected layers may correspond to particular options selected by the customer.
- the selected layers are assigned colors specified by the customer.
- the custom panel print method 300 proceeds to the specify print order step 320 .
- a printing order is specified for the active layers.
- the layers may be pre-arranged within the artwork files and the specify print order step 320 need not be conducted.
- the selected layers are printed in the specified order.
- the layers are printed to a translucent medium by a thermal transfer printer and each layer corresponds to a resin-based foil that is loaded into the printer previous to printing that layer of artwork.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective exploded view drawing of one example of an uncut dial face 400 of the present invention.
- the uncut dial face 400 includes an artwork layer 410 , a protective layer 420 , and a cutting mask 430 .
- the artwork layer 410 and the cutting mask 430 may also include one or more alignments marks 402 as well as an alignment outline 404 . For illustration purposes the thickness of each layer is exaggerated.
- the artwork layer 410 is a translucent medium with custom artwork printed thereon.
- the artwork layer 410 is laminated with a protective layer 420 .
- the depicted artwork layer 410 is shown with an adhesive backing 412 that facilitates bonding to a substrate.
- the depicted embodiment also shows a cutting mask 430 with various markings to facilitate alignment and cutting of the uncut dial face 400 .
- the uncut dial face 400 facilitates manufacture of a custom gauge panel or the like.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view drawing of one example of a custom panel 500 of the present invention.
- the custom panel 500 is one example of a custom gauge panel created with the order fulfillment system 100 and the order fulfillment method 200 .
- the custom panel 500 includes a gauge face 510 and a substrate 520 .
- the substrate 520 is an electro-luminescent panel and the gauge face 510 is cut from the lamination layers 400 shown in FIG. 4.
- the substrate 520 comprises an electro-luminescent layer and one or more protective layers.
- the gauge face 510 may be bonded directly to the substrate 520 to provide the custom panel 500 .
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a gauge panel ordering apparatus 600 of the present invention.
- the gauge panel ordering apparatus 600 is one example of the order station 115 shown in FIG. 1 and may be used to generate order requests for a custom panel such as the custom panel 500 or the custom gauge panel 182 .
- the custom panel ordering apparatus includes one or more option selectors 610 , an order preview module 620 , an upload module 630 , an order submission module 640 , and an order status module 650 .
- the depicted modules and selectors facilitate selecting, previewing, and ordering a custom panel such as a gauge panel.
- the depicted option selectors 610 include background selectors 610 a, dial scale selectors 610 b, and dial face text selectors 610 c.
- the depicted background selectors 610 a include pattern, color, and graphic selectors.
- the background pattern selectors include options for a checkered flag pattern, a diamond pattern, a flame pattern, and a racing stripe pattern.
- the background color selector includes options for colors such as white, metallic silver, hot pink, midnight blue, lime, cool blue, yellow tangerine, and intense red.
- the graphic selector may include options for a variety of graphical symbols, logos, or designs particularly symbols, logos, or designs popular among car and truck enthusiasts.
- the graphic selector includes options for a customer uploaded design and a customer created design.
- the depicted dial scale selectors 610 b include font style, color, and size selectors; tick mark style and color selectors; and shift line style, color, and range selectors.
- the dial scale font style selector includes options for swiss, beetle, eurostyle, and rickshaw font styles.
- the depicted dial face text selectors include a text editor, a text alignment selector, and selectors for the font style, font color, and font size of the dial face text.
- the depicted option selectors 610 are intended to be exemplary and are not to be considered an exhaustive enumeration of options relevant to ordering a custom gauge panel or the like.
- the order preview module 620 previews a gauge panel having the options specified with the option selectors 610 .
- the order preview module includes a lighting conditions selector that facilitates previewing an order for a custom made gauge panel under various lighting conditions such as daytime, twilight, dawn, dusk, streetlight, and nighttime conditions.
- the upload module 630 facilitates uploading a custom graphic, previewing a gauge panel with the custom graphic, and submitting an order for a gauge panel or the like with the uploaded custom graphic.
- the order submission module 640 submits an order for a custom made gauge panel, or the like, having the options specified by the options selectors 610 and previewed by the order preview module 620 .
- the order is submitted to the order fulfillment server 130 depicted in FIG. 1.
- the order status module 650 receives and displays status information concerning the status of an order for a custom made gauge panel or the like.
- the order status module 650 communicates with the order fulfillment server 130 depicted in FIG. 1 and indicates confirmation of an order, work completed on an order, and tracking information related to a shipment containing a fulfilled order.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of an ordering method 700 of the present invention.
- the ordering method 700 may be conducted in conjunction with, or independent of, the gauge panel ordering apparatus 700 .
- the ordering method 700 includes a receive options step 710 , a preview step 720 , an options finalized test 730 , a submit order test 740 , a submit order step 750 , and a receive order confirmation step 760 .
- the ordering method 700 facilitates previewing, submitting and confirming an order for a custom product such as a gauge panel.
- the receive options step 710 receives one or more options selected by a customer or customer representative.
- the options are specified with option selectors, such as the option selectors 610 shown in FIG. 6.
- the preview step 720 previews a custom made product such as a gauge panel with the selected options.
- previewing comprises rendering a depiction of the custom-made product on a display device.
- Previewing a custom-made product with the selected options facilitates review and decision making by a customer.
- previewing a custom-made product such as a gauge panel with the selected options facilitates assessment of the aesthetic characteristics of the custom-made product and increases the comfort level of the customer.
- the options finalized test 730 ascertains whether additional changes to the custom-made product are desired by the customer. If additional changes are desired, the method loops to the receive options step 710 . If no additional changes are desired, the method proceeds to the submit order test 740 .
- the submit order test 740 ascertains whether the customer desires to submit an order for the previewed product. If the customer does not desire to submit an order, the method loops to the receive options step 710 . If the customer requests submission of an order for the previewed custom made product, the ordering method 700 proceeds to submit order step 750 .
- the submit order step 750 submits an order for the previewed custom-made product.
- the order is submitted by the web server 125 on behalf of the customer 110 to the order fulfillment server 130 as depicted in FIG. 1.
- the receive confirmation step 760 waits for confirmation and displays that confirmation to the customer or customer representative.
- a confirmation is sent by the order fulfillment server 130 .
- the order method 700 ends 770 .
Abstract
A custom gauge panel includes a user-selected design printed on a translucent medium that is bonded to an electro-luminescent substrate. In one embodiment, the custom gauge panel also includes a substantially transparent layer that stiffens and protects the translucent medium and user-selected design printed thereon during manufacture, installation, and use. The simplicity of the custom panel reduces the material and labor costs associated with producing a custom gauge panel. In another aspect of the invention, a custom gauge ordering apparatus facilitates selecting options related to a gauge panel, along with previewing, and submitting orders for a gauge panel with the selected options. The order may be automatically received by an order fulfillment system and used to direct or control manufacture of the custom gauge panel.
Description
- 1. The Field of the Invention
- The invention relates generally to devices, methods, and systems for displaying information. Specifically, the invention relates to custom made gauge panels and devices, methods, and systems for ordering and manufacturing custom made gauge panels.
- 2. The Relevant Art
- Gauge panels such as instrument panels found within vehicles are required to function in a wide variety of conditions and environments. The materials and methods used to produce gauge panels must be carefully selected to maintain color and vibrancy over many years of use.
- Car and truck enthusiasts often modify their vehicles for aesthetic and functional reasons. As a result, a market for custom made gauge panels exists. Unfortunately, currently available gauge panels and associated manufacturing and ordering methods are not suited for customization. For example, current gauge panel manufacturing methods typically involve screen printing processes which are ill-suited for customization. Furthermore, materials appropriate for mass production often do not work well in custom manufacturing environments.
- Operator error and tolerance drift occurs more frequently in custom manufacturing environments. Customers often do not accurately specify their expectations, and technicians may misinterpret custom orders. As a result, producing custom gauge panels often requires rework resulting in reduced profits for the manufacturer and higher prices for customers.
- What is needed is a custom gauge panel that is easily ordered and installed by the customer and that is simple to produce by the manufacturer. In particular, customers need the ability to select various options for a custom gauge panel, preview a gauge panel with the selected options, and an submit an order for a custom gauge panel with the selected options. Manufacturers, on the other hand, need a system and method to produce custom gauge panels in a reliable cost-effective manner. Preferably, such a gauge panel and associated ordering and manufacturing methods would require relatively few layers of material, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and complexity.
- The various elements of the present invention have been developed in response to the present state of the art, and in particular, in response to the problems and needs in the art that have not yet been fully solved by currently available custom gauge panels and associated ordering and manufacturing methods and systems. Accordingly, the present invention provides an improved custom gauge panel, a method and system for manufacturing custom gauge panels, and an apparatus, method, and system for ordering custom gauge panels.
- In one aspect of the present invention, an apparatus (such as a gauge panel) for displaying information in a vehicle includes an electro-luminescent substrate bonded directly to a translucent medium, the translucent medium having a user-selected design printed thereon. In one embodiment, the user-selected design printed on the translucent medium includes a plurality of layers printed with user-selected colors. One or more layers of the plurality of layers may contain a user-selected graphic including a user-provided or user-designed graphic.
- In one embodiment, the translucent medium is selected from a vinyl film, a polyester film, a metallized polyester film, a fluorescent vinyl film, a luminous phosphor film, and a polycarbonate film. Preferably, the translucent medium is made of materials that are non-outgassing and substantially stable over a wide range of vehicle interior conditions.
- A substantially transparent protective layer may be laminated to the translucent medium to facilitate manufacture of the apparatus and protect the translucent medium and user-selected design during installation and use. In one embodiment, the substantially transparent protective layer is selected from a polyester material, a vinyl material, and a polycarbonate material. The substantially transparent protective layer may be a scratch resistant material such as a textured vinyl.
- The electro-luminescent substrate provides backlighting to the dial face layers under low-light and nighttime conditions. In one embodiment, the electro-luminescent substrate is a pre-manufactured electro-luminescent panel. In another embodiment, the electro-luminescent substrate includes a layer of electro-luminescent material and one or more protective layers.
- In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a custom gauge panel includes printing a user-selected design to a translucent medium, and bonding the translucent medium directly to an electro-luminescent substrate. The user-selected design may include a graphic that is selected, created, or provided by a customer or customer representative. In one embodiment, printing the user-selected design comprises a thermal transfer printing process.
- The translucent medium is preferably made of materials that are non-outgassing and substantially stable over a wide range of vehicle interior conditions. In one embodiment, the translucent medium has an adhesive backing that facilitates bonding the translucent medium to a substrate.
- The user-selected design may be printed to the translucent medium using a thermal transfer print process. In one embodiment, printing the user-selected design involves loading a control file corresponding to a vehicle make and model within a print controller and selectively activating layers from a plurality of layers within the control file. The selectively activated layers may be assigned user-selected colors. In one embodiment, the selectively activated layers correspond to layers of resin-based thermal transfer foil that are thermally transferred to the translucent medium using a thermal transfer print process.
- To stiffen and protect the translucent medium during manufacture, installation, and use, a substantially transparent layer may be laminated to the translucent medium previous to bonding the translucent medium to the substrate. The substantially transparent layer may be a scratch resistant material such as a textured vinyl.
- In another aspect of the invention, one embodiment of a system for manufacturing custom gauge panels includes a printing station configured to print a user-selected design to a translucent medium, a lamination press configured to laminate a substantially transparent protective layer to the translucent medium and thereby provide a dial face, a cutting station configured to cut the dial face, and a bonding station configured to bond the dial face to an electro-luminescent substrate.
- The system for manufacturing custom gauge panels may also include an order fulfillment server configured to receive a user-selected design from a customer. The system for manufacturing custom gauge panels facilitates manufacturing custom gauge panels and may use the aforementioned method for manufacturing a custom gauge panel.
- In another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel includes one or more option selectors configured to enable selection of gauge panel options, a preview module configured to preview a gauge panel with the selected gauge panel options, and an order submission module configured to submit an order for a gauge panel with the selected gauge panel options. In one embodiment, the apparatus for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel also includes an order status module configured to display a status for a submitted order. In the aforementioned embodiment, the preview module is further configured to preview the gauge panel under various lighting conditions such as daylight and nighttime conditions.
- In one embodiment, the option selectors include selectors that facilitate selecting background options, dial scale options, and dial face text options. The selectors for background options may include a background pattern selector, a background color selector, and a graphic selector. The selectors for dial scale options may include a tick mark style selector, a tick mark color selector, a scale font style selector, a scale font size selector, a scale font color selector, a shift line range selector, a shift line style selector, and a shift line color selector. The selectors for dial face text options may include a text position selector, a text alignment selector, a font style selector, a font color selector, and a font size selector. The various selectors facilitate selecting, previewing, and submitting an order for a custom manufactured gauge panel.
- In one embodiment, the apparatus for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel includes a graphical editor configured to enable graphical editing of a custom dial face, an upload module configured to receive a dial face design provided by a user, and a text editor configured to enable entry of a desired text string.
- In another aspect of the present invention, a system for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel includes an order station configured to preview a gauge panel with a user-selected design and a printing station configured to print the user-selected design to a translucent medium. Furthermore, the system for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel may also include an order fulfillment server configured to receive an order for a gauge panel with the user-selected design, a lamination press configured to laminate a substantially transparent protective layer to a translucent medium, a cutting station configured to dial face, and a bonding station configured to bond a dial face to an electro-luminescent substrate.
- The various elements and aspects of the present invention facilitate ordering, manufacturing, and providing custom gauge panels to geographically dispersed customers in an efficient manner. These and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, or may be learned by the practice of the invention as set forth hereinafter.
- In order that the manner in which the advantages and objects of the invention are obtained will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope, the invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of an order fulfillment system of the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of an order fulfillment method of the present invention;
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of a custom panel print method of the present invention;
- FIG. 4 is a perspective exploded view drawing of one example of an uncut dial face of the present invention;
- FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view drawing of one example of a custom panel of the present invention;
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a gauge panel ordering apparatus of the present invention; and
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of a gauge panel ordering method of the present invention.
- Many of the functional units described in this specification have been labeled as modules, in order to more particularly emphasize their implementation independence. For example, a module may be implemented as a hardware circuit comprising custom VLSI circuits or gate arrays, off-the-shelf semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or other discrete components. A module may also be implemented in programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable array logic, programmable logic devices or the like.
- Modules may also be implemented in software for execution by various types of processors. An identified module of executable code may, for instance, comprise one or more physical or logical blocks of computer instructions which may, for instance, be organized as an object, procedure, or function. Nevertheless, the executables of an identified module need not be physically located together, but may comprise disparate instructions stored in different locations which, when joined logically together, comprise the module and achieve the stated purpose for the module.
- Indeed, a module of executable code could be a single instruction, or many instructions, and may even be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs, and across several memory devices. Similarly, operational data may be identified and illustrated herein within modules, and may be embodied in any suitable form and organized within any suitable type of data structure. The operational data may be collected as a single data set, or may be distributed over different locations including over different storage devices, and may exist, at least partially, merely as electronic signals on a system or network.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of an
order fulfillment system 100 of the present invention. As depicted, theorder fulfillment system 100 includes a customer (or customer representative) 110, anorder station 115, acommunications network 120, aorder fulfillment server 130, aprint station 140 including aprint controller 145 and aprinter 150, alamination press 160, a cuttingstation 170, abonding station 180, and ashipping service 190. The order fulfillment system may also include aweb server 125 and anorder database 135. Theorder fulfillment system 100 is specifically optimized to fulfill orders for custom gauge panels or the like. - The
customer 110 or a representative of thecustomer 110 interacts with theorder station 115 viainteractions 112 such as placing, previewing, reviewing, and tracking orders for custom gauge panels or the like. In one embodiment, theorder station 115 is a computer equipped with a web browser. In another embodiment, theorder station 115 is a kiosk placed at an automotive store or the like. In another embodiment, theorder station 115 is a telephone. Theinteractions 112 conducted by the user may initiatecommunications 118 on thecommunications network 120. As depicted, thecommunications 118 occur between theorder station 115, theweb server 125, and theorder fulfillment server 130. - In one embodiment, the
communications 118 conducted with theweb server 125 includes options selected by the customer for a custom gauge panel that may be ordered by the customer. For example, a web page presented to theorder station 115 by theweb server 125 may include a number of option selectors used by the customer (or customer representative) to select desired options for a custom gauge panel. In response to reception of options selected by the customer, theweb server 125 may provide data used to generate a preview of the custom gauge to the customer on theorder station 115. - In addition to previewing a custom gauge panel, the customer may generate an
order request 122 or initiate generation of anorder request 122 via theweb server 125. As depicted, theorder request 122 is received by theorder fulfillment server 130 and may be placed in theorder database 135. Once received, theorder request 122 may be viewed and edited by an operator, technician, customer service agent, or the like. - In another embodiment, an electronic catalog executing on the
order station 115 or the like conductscommunications 118 directly with theorder fulfillment server 130 that facilitates placing, previewing, reviewing, and tracking orders for custom gauge panels or the like. Thecommunications 118 may include anorder request 122. In yet another embodiment, a customer service agent enters anorder request 122 at a terminal as directed by a customer verbally communicating thecommunications 118 over anetwork 120 that is a telephone network. - Once received by the
order fulfillment server 130, a set of order options 132 may be extracted from the order requests 122. In addition, one or more tooling control data files 133 may be provided by theorder fulfillment server 130 or the like. The order options 132 and the tooling control data files 133 may be used to direct or control manufacture of a custom gauge panel. The order options 132 and the tooling control data files 133 may be used by machinery, equipment, or personnel to fulfill the order requests 122. - At the
print station 140, which in the depicted embodiment includes aprint controller 145 and aprinter 150, a custom design is imprinted on a translucent medium. As depicted, theprinter 150 prints a custom design on the translucent medium as directed by aprint control stream 142 generated by theprint controller 145. The material and color of the translucent medium may be selected by the customer. In one embodiment, theprinter 150 is a thermal transfer printer and the translucent medium is selected from vinyl films, polyester films, metallized polyester films, fluorescent vinyl films, luminous phosphor films, polycarbonate films, or the like. - In one embodiment, a selected translucent medium is loaded on the
printer 150, a control file is loaded on theprint controller 145 corresponding to a particular vehicle model, and layers are activated within the control file corresponding to options selected by the customer. For example, the control file may corresponding to a particular vehicle model may contain a layer for each dial scale font style that may be selected by the customer. Furthermore, a color selected by the customer may be assigned to each activated layer within the control file. In one embodiment, the control file is an Adobe Illustrator™ file and a resin-based thermal transfer foil corresponding to the assigned color is loaded into theprinter 150 for each layer that is printed. - In one embodiment, the aforementioned processes associated with the
print station 140 are conducted by personnel. In another embodiment, the processes are monitored by personnel and conducted automatically in response to reception of the order options 132 or the tooling control data files 133 by theprint station 140. - At the
lamination station 160, the translucent medium is laminated with a substantially transparent layer that protects the translucent medium and the custom design printed thereon. In one embodiment, thelamination station 160 includes a heat lamination press and the substantially transparent layer is made of a suitable film such as a polyester, vinyl, or polycarbonate film. In addition to protection, the substantially transparent layer may also function to stiffen the translucent medium in that the medium may be a very supple film. Stiffening the translucent medium increases manufacturing precision and reduces manufacturing errors. - The combination of the translucent medium and custom printed design laminated with the substantially transparent layer essentially forms an
uncut dial face 162. In selected embodiments, a cutting mask is also laminated to the exposed surface of the substantially transparent layer at thelamination station 160 in order to protect thedial face 162 during cutting operations. In one embodiment, the cutting mask is a layer of thin paper. - At the cutting
station 170, thedial face 162 is cut to the proper dimensions to create acut dial face 172. In one embodiment, the cuttingstation 170 is a laser cutter. At thebonding station 180, thecut dial face 172 is bonded to an electro-luminescent substrate to form acustom gauge panel 182. In one embodiment, the electro-luminescent substrate is a pre-manufactured electro-luminescent panel that receives an AC driving signal and emits electro-luminescent light. In another embodiment, the electro-luminescent substrate comprises an electro-luminescent layer and a protective layer that are laminated to thecut dial face 172. - As depicted, the
custom gauge panel 182 is packed and shipped via ashipping service 190 in order to fulfill theorder request 122 generated by thecustomer 110. Theorder fulfillment system 100 enables reception and fulfillment of orders for custom gauge panels in an efficient effective manner. The graphical design of thecustom gauge panel 182, and in certain embodiments, the materials used to manufacture thecustom gauge panel 182 correspond to options selected by the customer when previewing the selected options and generating theorder request 122. - FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of an
order fulfillment method 200 of the present invention. Theorder fulfillment method 200 may be conducted in conjunction with, or independent of, theorder fulfillment system 100. As depicted, theorder fulfillment method 200 includes a receiveorder step 210, aprint artwork step 220, alaminate step 230, acut artwork step 240, abond step 250, and a ship order step 260. Theorder fulfillment method 200 facilitates manufacturing custom gauge panels or the like. - At the receive
order step 210, an order such as theorder request 122 is received from a customer, customer agent or the like. The order may specify particular options and designs desired by the customer. At theprint artwork step 220, artwork appropriate to the order request is printed on a suitable medium such as a translucent material. At thelaminate step 230 one or more protective layers are laminated to the suitable medium containing the printed artwork to provide an uncut dial face such as theuncut dial face 162. - At the cut
dial face step 240, the uncut dial face is cut to appropriate dimensions and subsequently bonded to a suitable substrate at thebond step 250. In one embodiment, the suitable substrate is an electro-luminescent panel. Bonding the cut dial face to the suitable substrate essentially forms a custom gauge panel that is packed and shipped to the customer or customer agent at the ship order step 260. Upon completion of the ship order step 260 the depicted order fulfillment methods ends 270. - FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of a custom
panel print method 300 of the present invention. The custompanel print method 300 may be conducted in conjunction with, or independent of, theprint station 140. The custompanel print method 300 includes aload artwork step 310, a select active layers step 320, a specifyprint order step 330, and a print active layers step 340. - At the
load artwork step 310, artwork is loaded into a print controller or the like that supports multiple layers of artwork. In certain embodiments, the artwork is stored in one or more graphics files containing layers corresponding to various options provided to a customer. At the select active layers step 320, selected layers are activated for printing. The selected layers may correspond to particular options selected by the customer. In one embodiment, the selected layers are assigned colors specified by the customer. - Subsequent to the select active layers step320, the custom
panel print method 300 proceeds to the specifyprint order step 320. At the specifyprint order step 320, a printing order is specified for the active layers. In certain embodiments, the layers may be pre-arranged within the artwork files and the specifyprint order step 320 need not be conducted. At the print active layers step 340, the selected layers are printed in the specified order. In one embodiment, the layers are printed to a translucent medium by a thermal transfer printer and each layer corresponds to a resin-based foil that is loaded into the printer previous to printing that layer of artwork. - FIG. 4 is a perspective exploded view drawing of one example of an
uncut dial face 400 of the present invention. As depicted, theuncut dial face 400 includes anartwork layer 410, aprotective layer 420, and a cuttingmask 430. Theartwork layer 410 and the cuttingmask 430 may also include one or more alignments marks 402 as well as analignment outline 404. For illustration purposes the thickness of each layer is exaggerated. As depicted, theartwork layer 410 is a translucent medium with custom artwork printed thereon. Theartwork layer 410 is laminated with aprotective layer 420. The depictedartwork layer 410 is shown with anadhesive backing 412 that facilitates bonding to a substrate. The depicted embodiment also shows a cuttingmask 430 with various markings to facilitate alignment and cutting of theuncut dial face 400. Theuncut dial face 400 facilitates manufacture of a custom gauge panel or the like. - FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view drawing of one example of a
custom panel 500 of the present invention. Thecustom panel 500 is one example of a custom gauge panel created with theorder fulfillment system 100 and theorder fulfillment method 200. Thecustom panel 500 includes a gauge face 510 and asubstrate 520. In the depicted embodiment, thesubstrate 520 is an electro-luminescent panel and the gauge face 510 is cut from the lamination layers 400 shown in FIG. 4. In another embodiment, thesubstrate 520 comprises an electro-luminescent layer and one or more protective layers. The gauge face 510 may be bonded directly to thesubstrate 520 to provide thecustom panel 500. - FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a gauge panel ordering apparatus600 of the present invention. The gauge panel ordering apparatus 600 is one example of the
order station 115 shown in FIG. 1 and may be used to generate order requests for a custom panel such as thecustom panel 500 or thecustom gauge panel 182. As depicted, the custom panel ordering apparatus includes one ormore option selectors 610, anorder preview module 620, an uploadmodule 630, anorder submission module 640, and anorder status module 650. The depicted modules and selectors facilitate selecting, previewing, and ordering a custom panel such as a gauge panel. - The depicted
option selectors 610 includebackground selectors 610 a,dial scale selectors 610 b, and dialface text selectors 610 c. The depictedbackground selectors 610 a include pattern, color, and graphic selectors. In one embodiment, the background pattern selectors include options for a checkered flag pattern, a diamond pattern, a flame pattern, and a racing stripe pattern. In one embodiment, the background color selector includes options for colors such as white, metallic silver, hot pink, midnight blue, lime, cool blue, yellow tangerine, and intense red. The graphic selector may include options for a variety of graphical symbols, logos, or designs particularly symbols, logos, or designs popular among car and truck enthusiasts. In one embodiment, the graphic selector includes options for a customer uploaded design and a customer created design. - The depicted
dial scale selectors 610 b include font style, color, and size selectors; tick mark style and color selectors; and shift line style, color, and range selectors. In one embodiment, the dial scale font style selector includes options for swiss, beetle, eurostyle, and rickshaw font styles. The depicted dial face text selectors include a text editor, a text alignment selector, and selectors for the font style, font color, and font size of the dial face text. The depictedoption selectors 610 are intended to be exemplary and are not to be considered an exhaustive enumeration of options relevant to ordering a custom gauge panel or the like. - The
order preview module 620 previews a gauge panel having the options specified with theoption selectors 610. In one embodiment, the order preview module includes a lighting conditions selector that facilitates previewing an order for a custom made gauge panel under various lighting conditions such as daytime, twilight, dawn, dusk, streetlight, and nighttime conditions. - The upload
module 630 facilitates uploading a custom graphic, previewing a gauge panel with the custom graphic, and submitting an order for a gauge panel or the like with the uploaded custom graphic. - The
order submission module 640 submits an order for a custom made gauge panel, or the like, having the options specified by theoptions selectors 610 and previewed by theorder preview module 620. In one embodiment, the order is submitted to theorder fulfillment server 130 depicted in FIG. 1. - The
order status module 650 receives and displays status information concerning the status of an order for a custom made gauge panel or the like. In one embodiment, theorder status module 650 communicates with theorder fulfillment server 130 depicted in FIG. 1 and indicates confirmation of an order, work completed on an order, and tracking information related to a shipment containing a fulfilled order. - FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of an
ordering method 700 of the present invention. Theordering method 700 may be conducted in conjunction with, or independent of, the gaugepanel ordering apparatus 700. As depicted, theordering method 700 includes a receiveoptions step 710, apreview step 720, an options finalizedtest 730, a submitorder test 740, a submitorder step 750, and a receiveorder confirmation step 760. Theordering method 700 facilitates previewing, submitting and confirming an order for a custom product such as a gauge panel. - The receive options step710 receives one or more options selected by a customer or customer representative. In one embodiment, the options are specified with option selectors, such as the
option selectors 610 shown in FIG. 6. Thepreview step 720 previews a custom made product such as a gauge panel with the selected options. In one embodiment, previewing comprises rendering a depiction of the custom-made product on a display device. Previewing a custom-made product with the selected options facilitates review and decision making by a customer. In particular, previewing a custom-made product such as a gauge panel with the selected options facilitates assessment of the aesthetic characteristics of the custom-made product and increases the comfort level of the customer. - The options finalized
test 730 ascertains whether additional changes to the custom-made product are desired by the customer. If additional changes are desired, the method loops to the receiveoptions step 710. If no additional changes are desired, the method proceeds to the submitorder test 740. The submitorder test 740 ascertains whether the customer desires to submit an order for the previewed product. If the customer does not desire to submit an order, the method loops to the receiveoptions step 710. If the customer requests submission of an order for the previewed custom made product, theordering method 700 proceeds to submitorder step 750. - The submit
order step 750 submits an order for the previewed custom-made product. In one embodiment, the order is submitted by theweb server 125 on behalf of thecustomer 110 to theorder fulfillment server 130 as depicted in FIG. 1. Subsequent to the submitorder step 750, the receiveconfirmation step 760 waits for confirmation and displays that confirmation to the customer or customer representative. In one embodiment, a confirmation is sent by theorder fulfillment server 130. Subsequent to displaying confirmation of the submitted order, theorder method 700 ends 770. - The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (33)
1. An apparatus for displaying information in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
an electro-luminescent substrate; and
a translucent medium bonded directly to the electro-luminescent substrate, the translucent medium having a user-selected design printed on a surface thereof.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a substantially transparent protective layer adjacent to the translucent medium.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the substantially transparent protective layer comprises a material selected from a group consisting of a polyester material, a vinyl material, and a polycarbonate material.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the substantially transparent protective layer comprises a textured material.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the translucent medium comprises a material that is substantially stable over vehicle interior conditions.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the translucent medium further comprises an adhesive layer configured to bond to the electro-luminescent substrate.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the translucent medium comprises a material that is substantially non-outgassing over vehicle interior conditions.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the translucent medium comprises vinyl.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the translucent medium comprises a fluorescent material.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the translucent medium is selected from the group consisting of a vinyl film, a polyester film, a metallized polyester film, a fluorescent vinyl film, a luminous phosphor film, and a polycarbonate film.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the user-selected design printed on a surface comprises a plurality of printed layers with user-selected colors.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein at least one layer of the plurality of printed layers comprises a graphic.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electro-luminescent substrate comprises a layer of electro-luminescent material.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electro-luminescent substrate comprises an electro-luminescent panel.
15. A method for manufacturing a custom gauge panel, the method comprising:
printing a user-selected design to a translucent medium; and
bonding the translucent medium directly to an electro-luminescent substrate.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the user-selected design includes a graphic.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the translucent medium is substantially stable over vehicle interior conditions.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the translucent medium comprises a material that is substantially non-outgassing over vehicle interior conditions.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the translucent medium comprises vinyl.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the translucent medium further comprises an adhesive layer.
21. The method of claim 15 , wherein printing the user-selected design comprises a thermal transfer printing process.
22. The method of claim 15 , wherein printing the user-selected design comprises selectively activating layers from a plurality of layers on a print controller.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the selectively activated layers are assigned user-selected colors.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a user-selected graphic.
25. The method of claim 15 , wherein the electro-luminescent substrate comprises an electro-luminescent layer.
26. The method of claim 15 , wherein the electro-luminescent substrate comprises a pre-manufactured electro-luminescent panel.
27. The method of claim 15 , wherein bonding the translucent medium directly to the electro-luminescent substrate comprises processing the translucent medium and the electro-luminescent substrate through a lamination process.
28. The method of claim 15 , further comprising laminating a substantially transparent layer to the printing layer.
29. The method of claim 28 , wherein the substantially transparent layer comprises a textured material.
30. The method of claim 15 , further comprising temporarily affixing a cutting mask.
31. A system for manufacturing custom gauge panels, the manufacturing facility comprising:
a printing station configured to print a user-selected design to a translucent medium; and
a lamination press configured to laminate a substantially transparent protective layer to the translucent medium and thereby provide an uncut dial face;
a cutting station configured to cut the uncut dial face and thereby provide a cut dial face; and
a bonding station configured to bond the cut dial face to an electro-luminescent substrate to provide a custom gauge panel.
32. The system of claim 31 , further comprising an order fulfillment server configured to receive a user-selected design.
33. An apparatus for ordering a custom manufactured gauge panel, the apparatus comprising:
an option selector configured to enable selection of a gauge panel option;
a preview module configured to preview a gauge panel with a selected gauge panel option; and
an order submission module configured to submit an order for a gauge panel with the selected gauge panel option.
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7725365B2 (en) | 2010-05-25 |
US20060218051A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
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