US20030171227A1 - Stabilizing compositions for lubricating oils - Google Patents

Stabilizing compositions for lubricating oils Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030171227A1
US20030171227A1 US10/275,368 US27536802A US2003171227A1 US 20030171227 A1 US20030171227 A1 US 20030171227A1 US 27536802 A US27536802 A US 27536802A US 2003171227 A1 US2003171227 A1 US 2003171227A1
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Prior art keywords
carbon atoms
phosphate
alkyl
neutral
phosphite
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US10/275,368
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Alan Holt
Gerard Mulqueen
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Pabu Services Inc
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Individual
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Assigned to PABU SERVICES, INC. reassignment PABU SERVICES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HOLT, ALAN, MULQUEEN, GERARD
Publication of US20030171227A1 publication Critical patent/US20030171227A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C10M129/12—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring with condensed rings
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68—Esters
    • C10M129/76—Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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    • C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
    • C10M135/22—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M135/24—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
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    • C10M135/30—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
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    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
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    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/024—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
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    • C10M2207/025—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with condensed rings
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    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
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    • C10M2207/288—Partial esters containing free carboxyl groups
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    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/251—Alcohol fueled engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C10N2040/28—Rotary engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

  • This invention relates to stabilising compositions for lubricant base stocks and lubricant formulations.
  • lubricant base stocks such as mineral and synthetic base oils chosen from Group I, Group II, Group III, Group IV and Group V base stocks as classified by the American Petroleum Institute, as well as natural and synthetic esters including polyol esters, more particularly, but not limited to automotive oils, circulatory oils, gear oils, greases, hydraulic fluids, turbine fluids and metal working fluids.
  • lubricant formulations is meant a lubricant base stock as described above, plus additional additives including but not limited to antioxidants, rust inhibitors, metal passivators, ashless dispersants, antiwear additives, extreme pressure additives and detergents, viscosity index improvers and antifoam agents.
  • a stabilising composition for lubricant base stocks and lubricant compositions comprises:
  • R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and may be H, an alkyl group with 4 to 9 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group with 8 carbon atoms and m and n are 0 to 2 but m+n is not greater than 3, either alone or optionally blended with at least one hindered phenolic antioxidant selected from those corresponding to one of the following general formulae:
  • R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and may be an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and X is —S— or —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —S—CH 2 CH 2 — or —CH 2 —S—CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 CO 2 CH 2 CH 2 —S—CH 2 CH 2 CO 2 CH 2 CH 2 —
  • R 7 is an alkyl group with 6 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are the same or different and may be H, CH 3 , isopropyl or tertiary butyl and m is 0 to 2;
  • R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are all the same and are alkyl groups with 4 to 12 carbon atoms;
  • R 14 is different from R 15 and R 16 and R 14 is an alkyl group with 4 to 12 carbon atoms and R 15 is phenyl or substituted phenyl with 7 to 10 carbon atoms and R 16 may be an alkyl group with 4 to 12 carbon atoms or phenyl or substituted phenyl with 7 to 10 carbon atoms;
  • R 17 is an alkyl group with 5 to 12 carbon atoms and m is 1 or 2 and n is 1 or 2 but m+n is not greater than 3;
  • R 18 , R 19 , R 20 are the same or different and are H or alkyl with 1 to 9 carbon atoms;
  • R 21 , R 22 and R 23 are the same or different and are alkyl groups with 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • R 24 and R 25 are the same or different and are alkyl groups with 1 to 12 carbon atoms or R 24 is phenyl or substituted phenyl where R 26 is alkyl with 1 to 9 carbon atoms.
  • R 27 may be an alkyl group with 4 to 18 carbon atoms, phenyl or substituted phenyl with 7 to 10 carbon atoms and m is 1 or 2, m is 1 or 2 but m+n is not greater than 3, and wherein the antioxidants and the phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) are utilised in a weight ratio from 10:1 to 1:10, preferably 1:1 to 1:5.
  • the stabilising composition is prepared by heating the antioxidant(s) and the phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) for 0.2 to 6 hours at a temperature range of 40° C. to 150° C.
  • the treat rates of the antioxidant(s) and the phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) in the lubricant base stocks and lubricant compositions preferably are within the following weight ranges:
  • the amine and hindered phenol antioxidants are used at 0.5 to 2.0% each.
  • the neutral alkyl, aryl and alkyl aryl phosphates and phosphites are used at 0.5 to 4%.
  • the acid phosphates and phosphites at 0.025 to 0.05% (when used together with the neutral phosphates).
  • Examples of formula I compounds are 4-tert-butyl, 4′-tert-octyl diphenylamine; 4,4′-di-tert-octyl diphenyl amine and 4,4′-di-iso-nonyl diphenylamine.
  • Examples of formula II compounds are 4,4′-methylene bis (2,6 ditertiary butyl phenol); 2,2′ thiodiethylene bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl) propionate]; 4,4′-thiobis(2-t-butyl-5-methyl phenol); 6,6′-thiobis (2-methyl-4-t-butylphenol).
  • Examples of fonmula III compounds are C 7-9 alkyl ester of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzene-3-propionic acid; C 14-16 alkyl ester of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzene-3-propionic acid.
  • An Example of formula IV compounds is pentaerythritol tetra ester of 3,5 di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzene-3-propionic acid.
  • Examples of formula V compounds are tri-dimethyl phenyl phosphate; tri-isopropyl phenyl phosphate; mono-phenyl-di (-tert-butyl phenyl) phosphate.
  • Examples of formula VI compounds are tributyl phosphate; trioctyl phosphate.
  • Examples of formula VII compounds are octyldiphenyl phosphate; dibutyl-mono-phenyl phosphate.
  • Examples of formula VIII compounds are dipentyl hydrogen phosphate; di C 10-12 alkyl-hydrogen phosphate; C 10-12 alkyl-dihydrogen phosphate.
  • An Example of formula IX is tris nonyl phenyl phosphite.
  • Examples of formula X are trilauryl phosphite; trioctyl phosphite.
  • Examples of formula XI are decyl diphenyl phosphite; didecyl monophenyl phosphite.
  • Examples of formula XII are dibutyl hydrogen phosphite; dioctyl hydrogen phosphite; cetyl stearyl hydrogen phosphite.
  • lubricant base stocks and lubricant formulations can have varying levels of stability dependent on:
  • the components of the mixtures of the invention can be tailored to provide the required performance characteristics in terms of stability, in a particular base stock and/or lubricant formulation.
  • the Table shows the relative oxidation stability results obtained by adding certain antioxidant(s) and phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) mixtures to Group III base stocks.
  • the relative oxidation stabilities of the lubricant base stock is determined by the rotating bomb oxidation stability test (RBOT), IP test method number 229.
  • the oxidation stability is defined as the number of minutes required to effect a reduction in oxygen pressure of 25.4 PSI or 1.75 bar when the oil and additives are heated at 150° C. in an oxygen pressurised vessel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

Stabilising compositions for lubricant base stocks and lubricant formulations are composed of a mixture of (a) at least one aromatic aminic amine antioxidant optionally blended with at least one hindered phenolic antioxidant and (b) at least one neutral organo phosphate or phosphite, optionally blended with at least one acid organo phosphate or phosphite. These stabilising composition mixtures are characterised by their stabilising capacity which is considerably higher than that of either the single antioxidants or the single phosphate or phosphite additives. These stabilising compositions can be used in all fields where the single components of the mixtures are generally used and where deterioration due to oxidation processes takes place.

Description

  • This invention relates to stabilising compositions for lubricant base stocks and lubricant formulations. [0001]
  • We have unexpectedly found that mixtures of certain aromatic aminic antioxidants, optionally in admixture with certain hindered phenol antioxidants, when mixed with certain organo phosphate esters and organo phosphite esters offer unique synergy and improved performance in terms of stability when used within lubricant base stocks and lubricant formulations. [0002]
  • By lubricant base stocks is meant lubricants such as mineral and synthetic base oils chosen from Group I, Group II, Group III, Group IV and Group V base stocks as classified by the American Petroleum Institute, as well as natural and synthetic esters including polyol esters, more particularly, but not limited to automotive oils, circulatory oils, gear oils, greases, hydraulic fluids, turbine fluids and metal working fluids. [0003]
  • By lubricant formulations, is meant a lubricant base stock as described above, plus additional additives including but not limited to antioxidants, rust inhibitors, metal passivators, ashless dispersants, antiwear additives, extreme pressure additives and detergents, viscosity index improvers and antifoam agents. [0004]
  • According to the present invention a stabilising composition for lubricant base stocks and lubricant compositions comprises: [0005]
  • (a) at least one aromatic aminic antioxidant having the general formula: [0006]
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00001
  • wherein R[0007] 1 and R2 are the same or different and may be H, an alkyl group with 4 to 9 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group with 8 carbon atoms and m and n are 0 to 2 but m+n is not greater than 3, either alone or optionally blended with at least one hindered phenolic antioxidant selected from those corresponding to one of the following general formulae:
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00002
  • wherein R[0008] 3, R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different and may be an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and X is —S— or —CH2— or —CH2CH2—S—CH2CH2— or —CH2—S—CH2— or —CH2CH2CO2CH2CH2—S—CH2CH2CO2CH2CH2—
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00003
  • wherein R[0009] 7 is an alkyl group with 6 to 20 carbon atoms; and
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00004
  • with (b) at least one neutral organo phosphate or phosphite optionally mixed with at least one acid organo phosphate or phosphite selected from those corresponding to the following general formulae: [0010]
  • (i) neutral triaryl phosphates: [0011]
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00005
  • wherein R[0012]   8, R9 and R10 are the same or different and may be H, CH3, isopropyl or tertiary butyl and m is 0 to 2;
  • (ii) neutral trialkyl phosphates: [0013]
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00006
  • wherein R[0014]   11, R12 and R13 are all the same and are alkyl groups with 4 to 12 carbon atoms;
  • (iii) neutral alkyl aryl phosphates: [0015]
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00007
  • wherein R[0016]   14 is different from R15 and R16 and R14 is an alkyl group with 4 to 12 carbon atoms and R15 is phenyl or substituted phenyl with 7 to 10 carbon atoms and R16 may be an alkyl group with 4 to 12 carbon atoms or phenyl or substituted phenyl with 7 to 10 carbon atoms;
  • (iv) alkyl acid phosphates: [0017]
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00008
  • wherein R[0018]   17 is an alkyl group with 5 to 12 carbon atoms and m is 1 or 2 and n is 1 or 2 but m+n is not greater than 3;
  • (v) neutral triaryl phosphites: [0019]
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00009
  • wherein R[0020]   18, R19, R20 are the same or different and are H or alkyl with 1 to 9 carbon atoms;
  • (vi) neutral trialkyl phosphites: [0021]
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00010
  • wherein R[0022]   21, R22 and R23 are the same or different and are alkyl groups with 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • (vii) neutral alkyl aryl phosphites: [0023]
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00011
  • wherein R[0024]   24 and R25 are the same or different and are alkyl groups with 1 to 12 carbon atoms or R24 is phenyl or substituted phenyl where R26 is alkyl with 1 to 9 carbon atoms.
  • (viii) alkyl acid phosphites: [0025]
    Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00012
  • wherein R[0026]   27 may be an alkyl group with 4 to 18 carbon atoms, phenyl or substituted phenyl with 7 to 10 carbon atoms and m is 1 or 2, m is 1 or 2 but m+n is not greater than 3, and wherein the antioxidants and the phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) are utilised in a weight ratio from 10:1 to 1:10, preferably 1:1 to 1:5.
  • In one embodiment of the invention, the stabilising composition is prepared by heating the antioxidant(s) and the phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) for 0.2 to 6 hours at a temperature range of 40° C. to 150° C. [0027]
  • The treat rates of the antioxidant(s) and the phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) in the lubricant base stocks and lubricant compositions preferably are within the following weight ranges: [0028]
  • (a) aromatic amine antioxidants—0.1 to 5%; [0029]
  • (b) hindered phenol antioxidants—0.1 to 5%; [0030]
  • (c) neutral aryl phosphates—0.2 to 10%; [0031]
  • (d) neutral alkyl phosphates—0.2 to 10%; [0032]
  • (e) neutral alkyl aryl phosphates—0.2 to 10%; [0033]
  • (i) alkyl acid phosphates—0.01 to 5%; [0034]
  • (g) neutral aryl phosphites—0.2 to 10%; [0035]
  • (h) neutral alkyl phosphites—0.2 to 10%; [0036]
  • (i) neutral alkyl aryl phosphites—0.2 to 10%; [0037]
  • (j) alkyl acid phosphites—0.01 to 5%; [0038]
  • Preferably, the amine and hindered phenol antioxidants are used at 0.5 to 2.0% each. The neutral alkyl, aryl and alkyl aryl phosphates and phosphites are used at 0.5 to 4%. The acid phosphates and phosphites at 0.025 to 0.05% (when used together with the neutral phosphates).[0039]
  • Examples of formula I compounds are 4-tert-butyl, 4′-tert-octyl diphenylamine; 4,4′-di-tert-octyl diphenyl amine and 4,4′-di-iso-nonyl diphenylamine. [0040]
  • Examples of formula II compounds are 4,4′-methylene bis (2,6 ditertiary butyl phenol); 2,2′ thiodiethylene bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl) propionate]; 4,4′-thiobis(2-t-butyl-5-methyl phenol); 6,6′-thiobis (2-methyl-4-t-butylphenol). [0041]
  • Examples of fonmula III compounds are C[0042] 7-9 alkyl ester of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzene-3-propionic acid; C14-16 alkyl ester of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzene-3-propionic acid.
  • An Example of formula IV compounds is pentaerythritol tetra ester of 3,5 di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzene-3-propionic acid. [0043]
  • Examples of formula V compounds are tri-dimethyl phenyl phosphate; tri-isopropyl phenyl phosphate; mono-phenyl-di (-tert-butyl phenyl) phosphate. [0044]
  • Examples of formula VI compounds are tributyl phosphate; trioctyl phosphate. [0045]
  • Examples of formula VII compounds are octyldiphenyl phosphate; dibutyl-mono-phenyl phosphate. [0046]
  • Examples of formula VIII compounds are dipentyl hydrogen phosphate; di C[0047] 10-12 alkyl-hydrogen phosphate; C10-12 alkyl-dihydrogen phosphate.
  • An Example of formula IX is tris nonyl phenyl phosphite. [0048]
  • Examples of formula X are trilauryl phosphite; trioctyl phosphite. [0049]
  • Examples of formula XI are decyl diphenyl phosphite; didecyl monophenyl phosphite. [0050]
  • Examples of formula XII are dibutyl hydrogen phosphite; dioctyl hydrogen phosphite; cetyl stearyl hydrogen phosphite. [0051]
  • Using stabilising compositions of the invention, lubricant base stocks and lubricant formulations can have varying levels of stability dependent on: [0052]
  • (i) proper choice of the antioxidant(s) and phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) to provide for the best performance, in tenns of stability, within particular lubricant base stocks or particular lubricant formulations; or [0053]
  • (ii) by changing the ratio of the antioxidant to the phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s); or [0054]
  • (iii) keeping the ratio of the antioxidant(s) to the phosphate(s) and/or pbosphite(s) constant while altering or decreasing the treat rate of the antioxidant(s) and phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s). [0055]
  • (iv) changing the ratio of neutral phosphate to acid phosphate and neutral phosphite to acid phosphite. [0056]
  • In other words, the components of the mixtures of the invention, either individually or in combination, can be tailored to provide the required performance characteristics in terms of stability, in a particular base stock and/or lubricant formulation. [0057]
  • Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the Table set out below. [0058]
  • The Table shows the relative oxidation stability results obtained by adding certain antioxidant(s) and phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) mixtures to Group III base stocks. The relative oxidation stabilities of the lubricant base stock is determined by the rotating bomb oxidation stability test (RBOT), IP test method number 229. The oxidation stability is defined as the number of minutes required to effect a reduction in oxygen pressure of 25.4 PSI or 1.75 bar when the oil and additives are heated at 150° C. in an oxygen pressurised vessel. [0059]
  • The results in the Table show that there is a synergistic effect (in terms of stability) when a blend of additives according to the invention is added to Group III lubricant base stocks. [0060]
    ASTM IP 229 ROTARY BOMB OXIDATION TEST DATA
    Conc Conc RBOT LIFE
    BASE OIL (%) ANTIOXIDANT (%) PHOSPHATE ESTER (mins)
    Group III Mineral oil 25
    ″ 1.0 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Isopropylated phenyl phosphate) 40
    ″ 1.0 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Tertiary Butylated phenyl phosphate) 22
    ″ 1.0 Neutral Tri Alkyl Phosphate (Tri Octyl phosphate)) 17
    ″ 1.0 Alkyl Aryl Phosphate (Octyl diphenyl phosphate) 30
    ″ 1.0 Alkyl Aryl Phosphate (Iso decyl diphenyl phosphate) 25
    ″ 1.0 Acid Alkyl Phosphate (C10-C12) 18
    ″ 0.05 Acid Alkyl Phosphate (C10-C12) 21
    ″ 1.0 95:5 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Isopropylated phenyl 20
    phosphate) + Acid Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12)
    ″ 0.5 Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine 1088
    0.5 Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine 1.0 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Isopropylated phenyl phosphate) 1250
    ″ 0.5 Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine 1.0 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Tertiary Butylated phenyl phosphate) 1430
    ″ 0.5 Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine 1.0 Neutral Tri Alkyl Phosphate (Tri Octyl phosphate) 1795
    ″ 0.5 Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine 1.0 Acid Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12) 880
    ″ 0.5 Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine 1.0 3:1 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Isopropylated phenyl phosphate) + 1415
    Acid Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12)
    ″ 0.5 Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine 1.0 9:1 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Isopropylated phenyl phosphate) + 1811
    Acid Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12)
    ″ 0.5 Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine 1.0 95:5 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Isopropylated phenyl phosphate) + 2068
    Acid Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12)
    ″ 0.5 Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine 1.0 95:5 Alkyl Aryl Phosphate (Octyl diphenyl phosphate) + Acid 1967
    Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12)
    ″ 0.5 Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine 1.0 95:5 Alkyl Aryl Phosphate (Iso decyl diphenyl phosphate) + Acid 1915
    Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12)
    ″ 0.5 Di Nonyl diphenylamine 640
    ″ 0.5 Di Nonyl diphenylamine 1.0 Neutral (Isopropylated phenyl phosphate) + Acid 833
    Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12) 95:5
    ″ 0.5 1:4 High molecular weight 730
    phenolic (Form 4) +
    Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine
    ″ 0.5 1:4 High molecular weight 1.0 95:5 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Isopropylated phenyl phosphate) 1537
    phenolic (Form 4) + Tri Aryl Phosphate + Acid Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12)
    Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine
    ″ 0.5 15:15:70 Sulphur 372
    containing phenolic (Form
    2) + High molecular weight
    phenolic (Form 4) +
    Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine
    ″ 0.5 15:15:70 Sulphur contain- 1.0 95:5 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Isopropylated phenyl phosphate) + 646
    ing phenolic (Form 2) + Acid Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12)
    High molecular weight
    phenolic (Form 4) +
    Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine
    ″ 0.5 1:4 Sulphur containing 355
    phenolic (Form 2) +
    Otcyl/Styryl diphenylamine
    ″ 0.5 1:4 Sulphur containing 1.0 95:5 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate (Isopropylated phenyl phosphate) + 908
    phenolic (Form 2) + Acid Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12)
    4-Octyl/Styryl
    diphenylamine
    ″ 0.5 1:4 Sulphur containing 365
    phenolic (Form 2) +
    Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine
    ″ 0.5 1:4 Sulphur containing 1.0 95:5 Neutral Tri Aryl Phosphate 755
    phenolic (Form 2) + (Isopropylated phenyl phosphate) +
    Butyl/Octyl diphenylamine Acid Alkyl phosphate (C10-C12)

Claims (4)

1. A stabilising composition comprising a mixture of:
(a) at least one aromatic aminic antioxidant having the general formula:
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00013
 wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and may be H, an alkyl group with 4 to 9 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group with 8 carbon atoms and m and n are 0 to 2 but m+n is not greater than 3, either alone or optionally blended with at least one hindered phenolic antioxidant selected from those corresponding to one of the following general formulae:
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00014
 wherein R3, R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different and may be an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and X is —S— or —CH2— or —CH2CH2—S—CH2CH2— or —CH2—S—CH2— or —CH2CH2CO2CH2CH2—S—CH2CH2CO2CH2CH2—
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00015
 wherein R7 is an alkyl group with 6 to 20 carbon atoms; and
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00016
 with (b) at least one neutral organo phosphate or phosphite optionally mixed with at least one acid organo phosphate or phosphite selected from those corresponding to the following general formulae
(i) neutral triaryl phosphates:
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00017
 wherein R8, R9 and R10 are the same or different and may be H, CH3, isopropyl or tertiary butyl and m is 0 to 2;
(ii) neutral trialkyl phosphates:
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00018
 wherein R11, R12 and R13 are all the same and are alkyl groups with 4 to 12 carbon atoms;
(iii) neutral alkyl aryl phosphates:
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00019
 wherein R14 is different from R15 and R16 and R14 is an alkyl group with 4 to 12 carbon atoms and R15 is phenyl or substituted phenyl with 7 to 10 carbon atoms and R16 may be an alkyl group with 4 to 12 carbon atoms or phenyl or substituted phenyl with 7 to 10 carbon atoms;
(iv) alkyl acid phosphates:
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00020
 wherein R17 is an alkyl group with 5 to 12 carbon atoms and m is 1 or 2 and n is 1 or 2 but m+n is not greater than 3;
(v) neutral triaryl phosphites:
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00021
 wherein R18, R19, R20 are the same or different and are H or alkyl with 1 to 9 carbon atoms.
(vi) neutral trialkyl phosphites
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00022
 wherein R21, R22, and R23 are the same or different and are alkyl groups with 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
(vii) neutral alkyl aryl phosphites:
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00023
 wherein R24 and R25 are the same or different and are alkyl groups with 1 to 12 carbon atoms or R24 is phenyl or substituted phenyl where R26 is alkyl with 1 to 9 carbon atoms.
(viii) alkyl acid phosphites:
Figure US20030171227A1-20030911-C00024
 wherein R27 may be an alkyl group with 4 to 18 carbon atoms, phenyl or substituted phenyl with 7 to 10 carbon atoms and m is 1 or 2, n is 1 or 2 but m+n is not greater than 3,
 and wherein the antioxidants and the phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) are utilised in a weight ratio from 10:1 to 1:10.
2. The stabilising composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the antioxidant(s) and the phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) are utilised in a weight ratio from 1:1 to 1:5.
3. The stabilising composition in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2 which has been prepared by heating the antioxidant(s) and the phosphate(s) and/or phosphite(s) for 0.2 to 6 hours at a temperature between 40° C. and 150° C.
4. A lubricant base stock or lubricant composition stabilised by the stabilised composition of any one of claims 1 to 3.
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US20060135379A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2006-06-22 Chevron Oronite Company Llc Anti-wear additive composition and lubricating oil composition containing the same
US20070232505A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-04 Marc-Andre Poirier Method for reducing deposit formation in lubricant compositions
US20090107275A1 (en) * 2005-12-02 2009-04-30 Cooper Clark V Gear Having Improved Surface Finish
US20100016196A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2010-01-21 Gelbin Michael E Phosphite stabilizer for lubricating base stocks and thermoplastic polymers
US20100120639A1 (en) * 2007-04-25 2010-05-13 Thoen Johan A Lubricant blend composition
EP1778766B1 (en) * 2004-08-12 2011-03-30 Schill + Seilacher GmbH Carrier liquid for agent concentrates and use thereof
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CN103045324A (en) * 2011-10-17 2013-04-17 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Extreme-pressure antiwear additive applicable to metal processing oil
CN103184090A (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-03 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Screw air compressor oil composition

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JP7193923B2 (en) * 2018-03-30 2022-12-21 出光興産株式会社 lubricating oil composition
JP7444644B2 (en) * 2020-03-06 2024-03-06 出光興産株式会社 Lubricating oil composition and method of using the lubricating oil composition

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EP1778766B1 (en) * 2004-08-12 2011-03-30 Schill + Seilacher GmbH Carrier liquid for agent concentrates and use thereof
US7799101B2 (en) 2004-09-29 2010-09-21 Chemtura Corporation Stabilized lubricant compositions
US20060073992A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2006-04-06 Jun Dong Stabilized lubricant compositions
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US20060069000A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2006-03-30 Jun Dong Stabilized lubricant compositions
US7829511B2 (en) 2004-09-29 2010-11-09 Chemtura Corporation Stabilized lubricant compositions
US20060135379A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2006-06-22 Chevron Oronite Company Llc Anti-wear additive composition and lubricating oil composition containing the same
US20110028365A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2011-02-03 Chevron Oronite Company Llc Anti-wear additive composition and lubricating oil composition containing the same
US7786059B2 (en) * 2004-12-21 2010-08-31 Chevron Oronite Company Llc Anti-wear additive composition and lubricating oil composition containing the same
US20090107275A1 (en) * 2005-12-02 2009-04-30 Cooper Clark V Gear Having Improved Surface Finish
US9746067B2 (en) * 2005-12-02 2017-08-29 United Technologies Corporation Gear having improved surface finish
US20070232505A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-04 Marc-Andre Poirier Method for reducing deposit formation in lubricant compositions
US20100120639A1 (en) * 2007-04-25 2010-05-13 Thoen Johan A Lubricant blend composition
US8168572B2 (en) 2007-04-25 2012-05-01 Dow Global Technologies Llc Lubricant blend composition
US20100016196A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2010-01-21 Gelbin Michael E Phosphite stabilizer for lubricating base stocks and thermoplastic polymers
US8049041B2 (en) 2008-06-27 2011-11-01 Chemtura Corporation Phosphite stabilizer for lubricating base stocks and thermoplastic polymers
CN102822324A (en) * 2010-03-26 2012-12-12 株式会社Adeka Lubricant composition
US8703674B2 (en) 2010-03-26 2014-04-22 Adeka Corporation Lubricating oil composition
CN103045324A (en) * 2011-10-17 2013-04-17 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Extreme-pressure antiwear additive applicable to metal processing oil
CN103184090A (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-03 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Screw air compressor oil composition

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WO2001085878A2 (en) 2001-11-15
AU5244101A (en) 2001-11-20
JP2004501234A (en) 2004-01-15
EP1280872A2 (en) 2003-02-05
WO2001085878A3 (en) 2002-04-11

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