US1990631A - Briquetting machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 12, 1935. R, T, BOWUNG 1,990,631

BRIQUETTING'MACHINE Filed Dec. 23, 1932 9 Sheets-Sheet l MINIMUM llorncy Feb. 12, 1935. R, T. BOWLING 1,990,631

' BRIQUETTING MACHINE Filed Deo. 25, 1952 9 Sheets-Shee'fI 2 i l l@ Inventor Allorney Feb. l2, 1935. R T. BOWLING Unef-Avr 7: @own/75 Feb. 12, 1935. R T, BOW| |NG 1,990,631

BRIQUETTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 23, 1932 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 705,507- 7 50 w./ /HE Inventor A ttor ne y Feb. 12, 1935. R. T. BOWLING BRIQUETTING MACHINE Filed Deo. 23, 1932 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 n venlor Allorney Feb.. 12, 1935. R. T. BOWUNG 1,990,631

BRIQUETTING MACHINE Filed DeC. 23, 1932 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 flor ne y Feb. 12, 1935. y R Tf BOW| |NG 1,990,631

BRIQUETTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 23, 1952 l9 sheets-sheet 7 afar Z'awL//m- Inventor Allorney Feb. 12, 1935. R. T. BOWLING 1,990,631

BRIQUETTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 25, 1932 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 l IIII @055/2 r 7 0w/.m5

In ve nlor A Home y Feb. 12, 1935. R, T, BQWLlNG 1,990,631

BRIQUETTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 23, 1932 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 z .f vr

i Il rs1 i? Inventor A llor ne y Patented Feb. l2, 1935 UNITED STATES issossi BBIQUETTING MACHINE Robert T. Bowling, Lewiston, Idaho, assigner,

meme assignments, to Wood Briquettes, Inc.,v

Lewiston, Idaho Application December 23, 1932, Serial No. 648,603

18 Claims.

My present invention relates to an improved briquetting machine or press, for molding solid cylindrical briquettes from sawdust. wood shavings, vegetable bers, etc. The machine is of the type utilizing a tapered'feed screw which forces the material through a stationary die into a cylindrical mold against the resistance of a hydraulically yielding or receding die, and means are provided for varying the hydraulic resistance of the receding die in order to modify the density of the solid cylindrical briquette. The material is nrst ground to minute particles, then fed to the tapered feed screw, and pressed through a die and through a. rotary slotted head, the latter of which forms the compressed material into a continuous spiral layer. The spiral layer or lamination has a width equal to the radius, or one half the diameter of the cylindrical die and cylindrical mold, and the finished briquette is thus formed of spiral laminations which strengthen and reinforce the body structure of the briquette.

The sap, resin, pitch, and other moisture present in the sawdust or other material is expressed from the particles of the material, and this moisture is used as an internal binder for cementlng together the particles as well as the continuous laminations of which the briquette is formed. The tapered formation of the feed screw is instrumental in generating internal friction with consequent internal heat in the moist material of the briquette to assist in utilizing the moisture as a binder, and means are provided for cooling the molds to prevent excessive heat therein.

'I'he cylindrical molds are ,mounted to revolve, with an intermittently rotating mold wheel or rotary carrier arranged transversely of the axis of the press or of the tapered feed screw, and the rotary carrier is interposed between the stationary die and feed screw at one side, and the hydraulically receding die at its other side. When all of the molds of the rotary carrier have been fllled with compressed briquettes, these briquettes are successively delivered from their molds by pressure feed of the tapered screw through the briquette-core, as the latter is forced from the stationary die into a mold that is occupied by a previosuly formed briquette. Means are provided for severing the briquette and means are also provided for trimming the opposite ends of the nished briquette in order that they may be of uniform length.

The parts -of the briquetting machine are compactly arranged to occupy a minimum space, and the parts co-act to insure a continuous performance, with a high rate of production, at a very low cost. The invention consists in certain novel combinations and arrangements of parts for carrying out the above purposes and performing the functions .set forth, as will hereinafter be more fully set forth and claimed. In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated one complete example of the physical embodiment of my invention, which is in successful operation, in which the parts are combined and arranged according to the best mode I have thus far devised for the practical application of the principles of my invention. It will be understood that changes and alterations may be made in the exemplified structure, within the scope of my appended claims, without departing from the principles of my invention.

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, with parts broken away for convenience of illustration, showing the compactly assembled machine.

Figure 2 is an enlarged, longitudinal, vertical, sectional view, showing the formation of a briquette in its mold, and illustrating the tapered feed screw, and the yielding-resistance die receding against yielding, hydraulic pressure, the position of the parts indicating the removal of a pressed briquette by a briquette in formation, from the mold.

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional detail view showing the feed screw, compression chamber of the fixed die, and the spaced slotted extensionhead of the feed screw, the latter in eleva ion.

Figure 4 is a detail view partly in elevation and partly in section, showing the rotary mold carrier with water cooling jacket for the molds. and the axial and radial water-passages therefor.

Figure 5 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the rotary mold carrier, showing the watercooling system for the molds and part of the ratchet mechanism for intermittent rotation of the carrier.

Figure 6-is a detail elevation of the ratchet mechanism for intermittently revolving the carrier, and Figure 7 is a detail view of the triplicate pawls and their holder forming part of the ratchet mechanism.

Figure 8 is a detail view of the rotary carrier showing the stationary detaching plate or abutment for the completed briquette and Figure 9 is a perspective view of the abutment, removed.

Figure 10 is a perspective view of one of a pair of trimming knives or cutters, one for each end of the briquette.

Figure l1 is a longitudinal, horizontal sectional view showing the roller thrust bearing for the main conveyer, or feed-screw shaft, and showing also the driven sprocket of the sprocket-drive for the shaft.

Figure 12 is a broken, enlarged, detail view, partly in section and partly in elevation, illustrating parts of the yielding die which oifers hydraulic resistance to the briquette as it is being formed.

Figure 13 isa top plan view, on a smaller scale, of the cylinder and guides for the hydraulic mechanism of Figure 12. i

Figure 14 is a view in side elevation, showing particularly one of the racks employed to advance or forwardly feed, the yielding resistance die.

The completed briquette B, which is fashioned from a core B', (see Figures 2 and 3) is a solid. cylindrical body, formed of a continuous layer or ribbon. laid in spiral formation against preceding laminations, and the briquette is formed, and cooled, in one of the numerous cylindrical molds 1 mounted near the outer periphery of the rotary mold carrier, or mold-wheel, indicated as a whole by the numeral 2.

The material for the briquettes is fed through the vertical chute 3 (Figure 1) from a suitable hopper (not shown) to the screw-conveyer or tapered feed-screw 4, which revolves within the feed chamber 5 of the inner mold or shell 6, which is fixed within the stationary housing 1. As shown, the interior bore of the mold 6 is fashioned in the shape of a trimcated cone, tapering from its large end (into which the chute feeds the material) toward its outlet end, where a firstcompression chamber 8 is provided, which terminates in a cylindrical extension, forming a second compression chamber 9 as well as a restricted discharge port for the core B' as the latter is in process oi' formation.

I'he forward end of the feed screw is fashioned with a central socket 10, in which is fitted a double-taper spindle 11, and the spindle is secured in the socket by means of a key 12. On the outer end of the spindle is fashioned a circular disk or die-head 13 in which is fashioned a transverse, inclined, slot 14, which extends inwardly from the periphery of the die-head. One face of this head is provided with a cutting edge 15 that extends along the slot 14, and the other face of the head is fashioned with an inclined or spiral cam-portion 16.

Thus the head 13 forms the front wall or abutment of the first compression chamber 8. and as the head 13 revolves with the feed screw, the material, which revolves with the feed screw, is pressed into a non-rotating mass in the first oompression chamber between the smaller end of the feed screw and the head 13. The continuous revolutions of the feed screw gradually feed the material into the smaller threads of the screw, and the material is gradually pressed into smaller, compact, formation against the resistance of the head 13.

' While the material in its nrst stage of compression remains stationary in the chamber 8, the cutting edge 15, as it revolves, slices oi! a continuous layer or ribbon, and directs this ribbon through the diagonal slot 14. As the ribbon emerges from the slot, it rides up the circular cam face 16 of the head at the side opposite to that of the slicing cutter 15, and this cam face 16 performs the second stage of compression for the core B' in the stationary mold 9 and in the movable mold 1.

To provide resistance for the second stage of compression, I first nil all of .the molds with a dummy briquette, i. e. a solid cylindrical wooden block the size and shape of the briquettes to be made, and as the mold carrier revolves these dummies are successively discharged from their molds, until all of the molds 1 are filled with briquettes. The dummy-briquettes. are of course used only at the start of the machine, and are then laid aside for future use.

When all of the molds are filled with briquettes,

y,the succeeding briquettes are fashioned from cores, as B', and as indicated in Figure 2, the

core B forces the briquette B from its mold 1, and the core is forced or pressed from the second compression chamber or mold 9 and into the mold l, by the action of the compression face i6 of the head 13.

Thus in the formation of the briquette. the feed screw presses the material into chamber 8 in a spiral layer approximating one half inch in thickness, then the cutter slices the material into a ribbon of approximately five-sixteenths of an inch thick, which is passed through the slot 14, and the compression face 16 then pre: es the lamination to approximately one-eighth of an inch in thickness, to form the solid cylindrical bri quette.

After numerous tests I dnd that this two-stage compression of the briquette is necessary to produce a briquette of the desired and required density of a solid fuel that will not quickly disintegrate in the nre. I also nd by tests that it is impossible to thus solidly compress the briquette by means of the tapering feed-screw alone, for the reason that it is not practicable to make th'e threads at the smaller end of the screw of sumcient strength to withstand the pressure that is required in the formation of the solid fuel. This great pressure is u to generate, by friction, the required heat by means of which the resins, oils, sap hc of the wood bind the material into the solid briquette. The ribbon, under its first stage of compression, enters the second compression chamber, and the rotary wiping action of the cam-face 16 of the head is instrumental in imparting the' required pressure to create the friction and heat to bind the briquette as it is being formed.

Although; as described. the action of the screw-feed, as well as the action of the rotary wheel or mold carrier, is intermittent, the pressure applied in the two stages of compression is continuous, i. e. the material in the two compression chambers is always under compression. This I ilnd to be n, to overcome and eliminate any action due to the resilience of such woods as white pine, white fir, red fir.' and other coniferous woods.

Asshcwninli'lgures2and8,thespindle 11 has thethreadedendofaretainingrodl'lsecured therein, within the feed screw, and this rod, which extends through the tubular feed shaft 18, may be turned by nut 19 (Figure 11) to draw or pull the tapered spindle into its socket.

The tubular feed shaft 18 is a revolved from the motor (Fig. l) 20 and its sprocket, through the sprocket belt 21 to the larger sprocket 22 on the'shaft,andesthescrewheadorfeedscrew4 isthreaded on the boss or reduced extension 23 of Vthe shaft, the feed-screw revolves with the shaft. In Figure 11 a single bearing block 24 is provided for the shaft 18, and in the block two annular, radial 25 and 26 are provided, with an intermediate, end-thrust bearing 27 against the bearing ring 28. 'Ihe ends of the bearing block are closed by means of plates as 29. 29, and it will be understood that the shaft and the feed screw turn anti-clockwise. in the The complete briquette B. and the core B', are forced or '1 me through the stationary mold 9 accessi and the movable mold 1, against a yielding resistance or yielding, opposed, pressure. by means of the rotary cam-head. and for this purpose of yieldingly resisting the pressure on the core and briquette. I provide an axially alined head or abutment 30 on the end of a reclprocable piston stem 3l which stem is secured to the piston 32 in the hydraulic cylinder 33.

As best indicated in Figures 4 and 12, the head 30 at the end of its forward stroke, i. e. to the left in the drawings, stops short of the near side of the rotary carrier 2 and the near ends of the molds 1 of the carrier, but the head is moved sufilciently near to the alined mold l so that the far ends of the starting-dummies and the far ends of the succeeding briquettes B may successively be pressed against the outer face of the head 30.

Thus it will be evident in Figure 2 that the completed briquette B is clamped at its ends between core B' and the head 30, and the briquette is being pressed or forced to the right, for delivery, as the head 30 yields to the pressure, or recedes from the mold l. When the rear end of the brlquette B has moved to position clear of the mold 1 and the carrier 2, the rotation of the shaft 18 stops, the briquette is released from the core B (which core has now become a briquette) and the head 30, and the briquette B drops into a waiting receptacle (not shown).

'Ihe hydraulic cylinder 33 (Figures l and 12) is provided with two spaced oil pipes 35 and 36 communicating with ports 34 at the opposite ends of the cylinder andlat opposite sides of the piston in the cylinder, and oil is supplied to the cylinder from the oil supply pipe 37 which is connected with the supply tank 38.

By means of a regulating valve 39 in the connecting pipe line 37 which extends between the two pipes 35.and 36,' the movement of the oil from the cylinder at the rear side of the piston 32 may be varied. Thus the yielding resistance of head 30 to' the core B and the briquette B may be variedl'a slow movement of oil from the cylinder aiording a high resistance, and a more rapid movement of the oil from the cylinder aiording a lower resistance. By varying this resistance the density oi' the solid briquette may be varied.

After the yielding head 30 has receded and a completed briquette has been dropped or delivered, the head 30 is moved to the left in Figures l and 12 by positive mechanical action, and the oil is forced out of the cylinder by the piston 32, through pipe 35 and back through pipe 36 to the rear of the piston. This return movement or feed of the yielding head 30 is accomplished with power from an electric motor 40, through reducing gears in the gear case 4l and a link belt drive 41a to the gear 41' in the case 42, to the power shaft 43, which is Journaled transversely of the piston stem 31, in a plane below the stem, as indicated in Figures 12 and 14. I'he power shaft is provided with a pair of rackgears 44, spaced apart as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 13. and each gear engages with a rack 45 on the underside of a longitudinally extending guide rod 46 arranged parallel with, and at opposite sides of the piston stem 31 and the head 30.

These guide rods move with the piston stem and piston, and they slide in the guides 47 projecting laterally from the cylinder 33 and located in pairs at the opposite ends of the cylinder. A cross head 48 extends transversely of the piston stem, and this head is ilxedto the two guide r'ods and to the central piston stem to form a rigid structure that reciprocates as a unit in the formation of the briquette., and in its discharge.

The rotary mold carrier or mold wheel 2, as seen in the drawings is interposed between, and it rotates transversely of the feed-screw and the yielding resistance mechanism or head 30, and this carrier is intermittently revolved to bring' successive molds l, containing a briquette. between, and into axial alinement with the core B' and the head 30, and means are provided for retaining the carrier in rigid stationary position while a briquette is being forced out of its mold and a succeeding briquette is being forced into the same mold.

A large number, thirty, more or less, of the molds 1 are mounted transversely of the carrier, and these molds or metal cylinders l are xed in the side plates 49 and 50 of the circular carrier.

Y An annular water jacket, comprising a rim orouter ring 5l and an inner ring 52. is supported between the side plates, and a central, circular partition 53 is employed to reinforce the carrier structure.

As best seen in Figure 5, an interior, transversely extending partition 54 divides the annular water chamber or jacket which surrounds all of the molds l, and two series of spaced baille plates 55 and 56, one series projecting outwardly from the inner ring and the other series projecting inwardly from the outer ring, are interposed in the water chamber or jacket to impede the direct flow of water through the Jacket, and to direct the flow into contact with the exterior surfaces of the molds 1.

The cooling water for the molds enters the water jacket at the right of the partition 54 (Figure 5) and the water, after flowing in one direction around the interior of the jacket, leaves the jacket at the left side of the partition 54. Water is supplied to the jacket through the inlet pipe 58, and passes from the jacket through outlet pipe 59, passing through ports in a central hub of the carrier, which hub is ixed to the complementarily ported shaft 61 of the carrier. A supply pipe 62 receives water from a suitable source and conveys the water to the axial passage 61a of the shaft 6l, which passage communicates with the inlet ports of the shaft and hub, and a return pipe 63 receives the water from a complementary pair of ports, and a passage in the shaft 61, and returns the water to its source for cooling, thus providing an endless circulation for the water to the water jacket.

'I'hus each briquette makes one complete revolution with its mold and carrier, and during this revolution the briquette is subjected to a cooling treatment that is necessary to reduce the temperature of the briquette, caused by heat created by friction in the pressing process of the briquette.

'Ihe side plates, the molds, the water jacket. and other parts of the carrier may be welded together, or secured in other suitable manner, and the side plates and central partition of the carrier are securedto the central hub 61 of the shaft, and the latter is mounted to revolve in its bearings 64, arranged at opposite sides of the hub, and these bearings are supported in the frame F.

The rotary carrier is located so that the lowermost mold l may be axially alined with the 1 or rim 51 of the carrier. A lateral wear ring 86, which is replaceable when worn, is mounted at one side or the rack ringvto close the notches of the teeth, and to guide and retain against lateral movement, a number of -pawls (here shown as three) 67, 68, and 69. These pawls are each pivotally mounted, as at 'l0 70a and '10 on a holder 'il (Figures 6 and 7), and springs 72 hold the pawls in operative position for engagement with the complementary teeth of the rack ring.

The upright holder 'Il is located adjacent the rack ring, and it is pivotally mounted, as by a pivot 70a, on a horizontally disposed ratchet lever '13, which is pivoted at 'i4 on the frame F at one side of the carrier. .As indicated by dotted lines in riigure 8, the lever is oscillated by the employment of hydraulic pressure, and through this oscillation, the pawls intermittently revolve or rotate the carrier anti-clockwise in Figure 6.

The lever is lifted, on its upstrohe or idle stroke by means of a stem 15 pivoted at 76 to the free end of the lever, and this stem has a piston or plunger head (not shown) that reciprocates in the hydraulic cylinder '17. The hydraulic cylinder is also adapted to oscillate and for this purpose the cylinder is pivoted on its trunnions 'i8 in the brackets '19, to insure smooth operation of the rotating mechanism for the rotary carrier. Oil under pressure is conveyed to the cylinder through inlet pipe from a pump 81, which pump is operated from an electric motor 82, and the outlet pipe 83 from the cylinder is connected tosaid pump as shown.

The pump 81, which may be' replenished with oil from the supply tank 38, which tank is provided with a manualb operated cut-oil valve 84, and the flow of oil to the hydraulic cylinder 'I7 is controlled by an automatically operating valve 85. 'Ihe valve-85 is intermittently operated by means of an electro-magnet or air valve 86, and this magnetic control valve and the motor 82 are electrically connected in an operating circuit with the motors 20 and 40 in order that the prime movers of the press. the yielding resistance mechanism and the operating mechanism of the rotary carrier are under the same electric control, and their movements synchronized, to render the entire machine automatic in its operation.

Inll'igures89.andi0,especially,wlllbeseen the means for trimming the ends of the briquettes. and also the discharge or delivery means for the trimmed and completed briquette.

Afterthecorehasbeenfashioned toits full length, its opposite ends project or protrude from the opposite ends of the mold l. and these projectingendsaretobscutofftoinsureuniformlty in the length of the completed briquette B. For cutting or trimming the ends of the core I provide two complementary cutters or trimming knives 87. each provided with an attaching flange 88 by means of which it is bolted within an arcuate housing 89 of U-shape in cross section, and the housing ls bolted to the frame Il'.

'lhese trimming knives are located at opposite sides of the rotary carrier in position so that the molds will pass between them carrying a briquette core. and as each knife is disposed in the path of movement of one of the projecting ends of the briquette-core, the `ends of the core are sheared of! as the moving core engages and passes the knife.

After having had its ends trimmed, the briquette continues its travel during one revolution of the carrier, anticlockwise in Figure 8, and the lowermost briquette, after having been trimmed, is clamped between a. core B and the yielding head 30, as heretofore described.

When the briquette is delivered, discharged, or pushed from the mold by the succeeding core B', the cessation of screw-feed and the yielding movement of the head 30 permit the completed briquette to be released and the latter drops into a receptacle, or is disposed of in other suitable manner. Should the briquette have a tendency to stick to the following core, or to stick to the head 30. it is dislodged and forced to fall away from the rotary carrier orAits mold by coming in contact with a stationary abutment 90. This abutment is in the form of a plate that is bolted to the frame F and spaced a suihcient distance away from the rotary carrier to permit the untrimmed cores B to pass thereby. But the plate, which has an end recess 91 of semi-circular shape complementary to the circumference of the core or briquette, is located in position to obstruct any movement of the briquette should the latter be stuck to the core or to the head, and vthis obstruction causes the briquette to be dislodged from the core.

The capacity of the machine may be varied by the number of molds in the rotary carrier. For instance, while I have indicated approximately 30 molds in the carrier, this number may be increased within limits as to the circumference or diameter of the rotary carrier, but in all cases the circumference of the carrier will be sufficient to permit a cooling period for each briquette that will cool and set`the briquette to insure its permanency. The screw-feed motor, and the other prime movers, may be adjusted to operate intermittently at periods of thirty seconds. and thus, after the machine has started the manufacture of the briquettes, one complete briquette is delivered each thirty seconds.

In order to press all of the resiliency from the wood particles or material, and form a solid, rigid, briquette, I find that an exceedingly high, twostage, pressure, is required as heretofore described. 'I'hls high pressure, due to friction creates a high degree of temperature in the briquette, and therefore the pressure must be predetermined and limited in order to prevent burning of the briquette. Furthermore, the high degree of temperature of the .pressed briquette must be eliminated during its process of manufacture and before the iinal delivery of the finished briquette. Therefore, the briquette is cooled while still in its mold and rotary carrier, and the cooling step is imparted to the briquette with facility, and without loss of time.

The machine as illustrated in the drawings is in actual operation, manufacturing the briquettes at comparatively low cost of production, and producing the finished product in large numbers ready for the furnace, stove, or other combustion devices.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. In a briquette machine, the combination with a feed-screw and an alined stationary mold, of a movable mold 'alined therewith, a reciprocable yielding-resistance head alined with the latter mold, and adapted to reciprocate exterior thereof separate means for operating the feed screw, the movable mold, and the head, and means for synchronizing the operation of said means.

. 2. In a briquette machine, the combination with a feed mechanism and an alined stationary mold, of a movable mold alined therewith, a yieldingresistance head alined with the latter mold, and adapted to reciprocate exterior of the mold separate electrical motors acting as the prime movers for operating the feed mechanism, the movable mold and said head, and means for synchronizing the operation of said electric motors.

3. In a briquette machine, the combination with feed mechanism and an alined stationary mold, of a movable mold adapted to receive material from the stationary mold, a reciprocable yieldingresistance head alined with the movable mold, means for moving said head to within a spaced distance from the movable mold, and means for imparting a yielding resistance to said head.

4. In a briquette machine, the combination with feed mechanism and an alined stationary mold, of a movable mold alined with the stationary mold, a reciprocable yielding-resistance head alined with the movable mold, positively acting means for moving said head to within a spaced distance from the movable mold. and means for imparting a hydraulic yielding-resistance to said head on its return movement.

5. In a briquette machine, the combination with feed mechanism and an alined stationary mold, of a reciprocable yielding-resistance head alined with said mold, and means for moving said head within a spaced distance of said mold, and means for imparting a yielding-resistance to said head on its return stroke.

6. In a briquette machine. the combination with feed mechanism and a stationary mold, of a movable mold alined with the stationary mold, a reciprocable yielding-resistance head alined with the movable mold, means for moving said head to a point adjacent to but exterior of the adjoining end of the movable mold to receive a briquette, means for imparting a yielding resistance to said head on its return stroke, and means for varying the resistance of said head.

7. In a briquette machine. the combination with a feed-screw and means for intermittently operating said screw, of a rotary carrier, a series of molds in said carrier, means for intermittently operating said carrier, a reciprocable yieldingresistance head, means for intermittently operating said resistance head exterior of the mold but adjacent the adjoining end thereof, and means for controlling said several operating means, as described.

8. In a lbriquette machine, the combination with a stationary mold, of a movable carrier, a series of molds in said carrier and means on the carrier for cooling briquettes in the molds, and a reciprocable head movable exterior of the mold for coaction with said molds in the formation of the briquettes.

9. In a briquette machine, the combination with a feed mechanism and an alined stationary mold, of a rotary carrier, a series of molds in said carrier adapted to aline successively with the stationary mold, means on the carrier for cooling' briquettes in said series of molds, and means co-acting with said molds in the formation of the briquettes.

10. In a briquette machine, the combination with an alined feed-screw, stationary mold and reciprocable head, of a transversely arranged rotary carrier interposed between said stationary mold and head, a series of molds mounted in said carrienand means on the carrier for cooling briquettes within the molds of the carrier.

11. In a briquettemachine, the combination with feed mechanism. a stationary mold and a reciprocable head, of a transversely arranged rotary carrier interposed between saidmold'and head, a series of molds mounted in said carrier, a water Jacket enclosing said series of molds, and means for circulating water through said Jacket.

12. In a briquette machine, the combination with feed mechanism, a stationary mold, and a reciprocable head, of a rotary carrier having a series of molds therein, a water Jacket enclosing said series of molds, a dividing partition in the jacket, inlet and outlet water-pipes at the sides of said partition, and means for supplylns water to said inlet pipe.

13. In a briquette machine, the combination with feed mechanism, a stationary mold, and a reciprocable head, of a transversely arranged rotary carrier interposed between said mold and head and a series of molds in said carrier. and stationary cutters at opposite sides of the carrier for severing the ends of briquettes carried in the molds of said series. f

14. In a briquette machine, the combination with feed mechanism, a stationary mold, and a reciprocable head, of a transversely arranged rotary carrier interposed between said mold and head, a series of molds in said carrier, a water jacket mounted in the carrier and enclosing said series of molds, and stationary cutters at opposite sides of the carrier for severing the protruding ends of briquettes carried in said series of molds.

15. In a briquette machine, the combination with feed mechanism, a stationary mold, and a reciprocable head, of a rotary carrier, a series of molds in said carrier and means for bringing successive molds of the series in alinement with said stationary mold and head, a water Jac1 .et mounted in the head and enclosing said ses :s of molds, stationary cutters at opposite sides of the carrier for severing protruding ends of briquettes in said series of molds, and a stationary abutment for obstructing movement of a completed and cooled briquette.

16. In a two-stage compression briquette machine, the combination with a housing forming a feed-chamber and feed mechanism therein, a feed-head rigid with and spaced from said feed mechanism to form a first-compression chamber, of a mold alined with said head, and a reciprocable head alined with said mold and movable exterior thereof to form a second-compression chamber.

17. In a two-stage compression briquette machine, the combination with a housing forming a feed chamber and mold, of a feed-screw in said chamber, a compression head mounted on and spaced from said screw to form a rst-compression chamber in said mold, a movable mold alined with said screw, and a reciprocable head longitudinally alined with the movable mold and movable exterior thereof to form a secondcompression chamber between the compression head and the reciprocable head.

18. In a two-stage compression briquette machine. the combination with a housing forming a feed chamber and mold. of a feed screw ir the housing, a compression-head mounted on and spaced from said screw, said compression head having a slot therein, a cutter at one side of the head and a cam face at the other side of the head, a movable mold alined with said screw and head, and a reciprocable head alined with said compression head.

ROBERT T. BOWLING.

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