US199001A - Improvement in wooden shingles made fire-proof - Google Patents
Improvement in wooden shingles made fire-proof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US199001A US199001A US199001DA US199001A US 199001 A US199001 A US 199001A US 199001D A US199001D A US 199001DA US 199001 A US199001 A US 199001A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- proof
- improvement
- made fire
- wooden shingles
- shingles made
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Iron(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000007173 Abies balsamea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000218685 Tsuga Species 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002757 inflammatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/15—Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/907—Resistant against plant or animal attack
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
- Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/4935—Impregnated naturally solid product [e.g., leather, stone, etc.]
- Y10T428/662—Wood timber product [e.g., piling, post, veneer, etc.]
Definitions
- GEORGE B SMITH, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.
- the method of heating the solution which I have employed, and have found the best, is to inject live steam directly into the tank through two or more pipes opening into the latter near the bottom and at each end.
- the chloride of zinc although not so cheap or efficient as the sulphate, may be employed in lieu of the'latter.
- a great improvement in the quality of shingles, &c., is efiected by my said invention.
- they are, after having been subjected to the treatment hereinbefore described, comparatively proof against the usual decay,-owing to the fibers of the wood being covered by the alum and its cells impregnated with the salts, especially the zinc and the iron sulphates, which combine with the albumen of the wood, thereby preventing its decomposition.
- An ordinary pine or hemlock shingle thus treated will last several times longer than an untreated shingle, and may, with great economy, replace the expensive cedar shingle which is in general use Where long durability is required.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Description
IINITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GEORGE B. SMITH, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.
IMPROVEMENT IN WOODEN SHINGLES MADE FIRE-PROOF.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 199,001, dated January 8, 1878 application filed March 20, 1877.
To all whom t't may concern:
I Be it known that I, GEORGE B. SMITH, of the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and use ful Improvement in Wooden Shingles, which of sulphate of zinc, ten pounds of sulphate of iron, and sixty pounds of commercial alum, or in like proportion, according to the capacity of the tank. I then place therein the shingles to be treated, and, in any convenient manner, bring the temperature of the solution to about the boiling-point thereof, and keep the same at that temperature for a period of forty-eight hours, or thereabout. After the saturation of the shingles is complete, I transfer the solution to the adjacent tank, and proceed as before, and so on in rotation.
The method of heating the solution which I have employed, and have found the best, is to inject live steam directly into the tank through two or more pipes opening into the latter near the bottom and at each end.
I do not confine myself to the precise ingredients hereinbefore specified, as the desired effect may be attained, in a greater or less degree, if equivalent chemicals be substituted.
For example, the chloride of zinc, although not so cheap or efficient as the sulphate, may be employed in lieu of the'latter.
A great improvement in the quality of shingles, &c., is efiected by my said invention. In the first place they are, after having been subjected to the treatment hereinbefore described, comparatively proof against the usual decay,-owing to the fibers of the wood being covered by the alum and its cells impregnated with the salts, especially the zinc and the iron sulphates, which combine with the albumen of the wood, thereby preventing its decomposition. An ordinary pine or hemlock shingle thus treated will last several times longer than an untreated shingle, and may, with great economy, replace the expensive cedar shingle which is in general use Where long durability is required. Secondly, such a shingle is at the same time made absolutely spark-proof, and will not catch fire from matches or from live coals or burning cinders. I find, also, that it becomes materially hardened, and thus less liable to wear out by the mechanical action of the elements.
The cost of preparing shingles after the manner I have above set forth is also trifling, the process and the ingredients employed being singularly inexpensive.
I claim as my invention- As a new article of manufacture and sale, a wooden shingle impregnated with a combined preservative and non-inflammative compound,
GEORGE B. SMITH.
Witnesses:
Gnonen 1). LANG, J OHN STABLER.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US199001A true US199001A (en) | 1878-01-08 |
Family
ID=2268408
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US199001D Expired - Lifetime US199001A (en) | Improvement in wooden shingles made fire-proof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US199001A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050289559A1 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-12-29 | Daniel Illowsky | Method and system for vertical layering between levels in a processing unit facilitating direct event-structures and event-queues level-to-level communication without translation |
-
0
- US US199001D patent/US199001A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050289559A1 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-12-29 | Daniel Illowsky | Method and system for vertical layering between levels in a processing unit facilitating direct event-structures and event-queues level-to-level communication without translation |
| US20050289266A1 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-12-29 | Daniel Illowsky | Method and system for interoperable content player device engine |
| US20060005205A1 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2006-01-05 | Daniel Illowsky | Device interoperability framework and method for building interoperability applications for interoperable team of devices |
| US20060005193A1 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2006-01-05 | Daniel Illowsky | Method system and data structure for content renditioning adaptation and interoperability segmentation model |
| US20060010453A1 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2006-01-12 | Daniel Illowsky | System and method for application driven power management among intermittently coupled interoperable electronic devices |
| US20060015665A1 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2006-01-19 | Daniel Illowsky | Method and system for configuring and using virtual pointers to access one or more independent address spaces |
| US20060015936A1 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2006-01-19 | Daniel Illowsky | System method and model for social security interoperability among intermittently connected interoperating devices |
| US20060015937A1 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2006-01-19 | Daniel Illowsky | System method and model for maintaining device integrity and security among intermittently connected interoperating devices |
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