US1947499A - By-product coke oven - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 20, 1934.

L. F. SCHRADER ET AL BY-PRoDU'cT COKE OVEN Filed Aug. l2, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INV ENTOR 5 Schrader ZZ TORNE Feb. 20, 1934. L, F SCI-:RMmERv ET AL 1,947,499

BY-PRODUCT COKE OVEN Filed Aug. 12, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 w v M, 4 I v /7////////////// AA/ A v f l ff/v M w U www@ .L f W ,7 /V/ ZM a, HN -W l. 1| 27d W M ui/-wf y L@ 1 WNJU .ll 60, j/ l 6 IIT frv 4 l :J M ////Q 3 .,J /U fw y .w f4, n 44 1% /l/k/r 7/VVV ,//V//r/ AVV/ /V/ v 6 z f 0 i l ll a n n s 7L fr iw n n l y Z i/*Iliff www? F/ w an D M M no n 9 fr 83 w, f 5 2 y p13 7,. .1.. Qa/ 7, ao /ZIV 'IW /l II/l n .La o. D n I. .l 1|.. -l D o n o n LF... ll Fix u 5 V W n S u .5 n c Il n .u n o 8 @a w l w 3 w Vm Patented Feb. 20, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BY-PRODUCT COKE OVEN Application August 12, 1930. serial No. 474,703

2 Claims.

This invention relates to coke ovens and more particularly to so-called combination by-product coke ovens arranged to burn in the vertical flues flanking the coking chambers either lean gas such as producer or blast furnace gas, which for eilicient operation requires preheating, or rich gas such as coke oven gas which requires no preheating.

One object of this invention is to provide a combination 'by-product coke oven which overcomes and obviates the objections to and defects of by-product coke ovens of this type now in use. Another object is to provide a vertical flue combination oven which is more efficient than the by-product coke oven of this type known to us, particularly in that it provides for a uniform utilization of the regenerator material and more uniform distribution of the gas and air to the flues and the products of combustion from the flues to the regenerators. Still another object is to provide an oven battery comprising substantially monolithic supporting Walls having in the top thereof vertical flues and in the base portion regenerator cells, the walls being spaced from each other to provide the coking chambers in the tops and regenerator cells in the bases of the intervening spaces between adjacent walls.

In our improved oven the defects of and objections to prior existing combination ovens are overcome and obviated and a more efficient and improved combination oven battery is provided. The oven battery comprises coking chambers, preferably horizontally elongated chambers, and heating walls arranged side by side in alternate relation. The heating walls constitute the upper portion of substantially monolithic supporting walls formed by spaced walls defining the sides of the coking chambers. The spaced side walls have built in transverse ue walls in the upper portion thereof forming with the side Walls a substantially monolithic heating wall structure. The side walls extend from the top to the bottom of the battery. A pillar wall intermediate the side walls extends from the base of the battery to a point below the base of the vertical flues and with the side Walls defines a pair of regenerator cells. The pillar walls, by means of baffle plates which extend from the pillar walls to the side walls, are tied into and form with the side walls a substantially monolithic structure. Thus each supporting wall is substantially monolithic iroughout and provides a rugged and durable support for the superstructure of the oven battery and for the charges in the coking chambers occurring in the spaces between the tops of adjacent supporting walls. The heating walls are composed of vertical combustion llues disposed in pairs throughout the length of the heating Wall, the individual flues of each pair being connected at their tops to form an inverted U-shaped or socalled hairpin or twin flue. Corresponding members of each flue pair are arranged to operate for inflow while other members of each nue pair simultaneously operate for outow. A slide brick in each flue pair controls the ow 65g therethrough, thus permitting individual control of ow through each flue pair. The tops of the flues extend to a point a few inches below the top of the charge in the coking chamber. The structure above indicated, it will be noted, does Vnot 'IQl involve horizontal bus flue or open spaces in the heating walls which tend to weaken the oven superstructure and with thetopsrof the flues below the level of the charge, excessive temperatures in the gas space above the charge are avoided.

An improved regenerator system is arranged beneath the coking chambers parallel thereto. This system comprises crosswise-extending regenerators disposed lengthwise of the battery in 80, series of four regenerators connected to the flues of each heating wall, two of which are individual to the flues of each heating wall and the other two of which are connected to the flues of adjacent heating walls. Two contiguous regenerators of this series are positioned in the cells of the supporting walls and are respectively individual to the inflow and outflow ues of the heating wall above. These two regenerators when operating so that an extraneously derived gas is burned in the flues are used to alternately preheat the producer or other lean gas. The gas regenerators are of proportionally smaller capacity than the air regenerators and preferably are made of less height than the other regenerators of the series. 95, In the space thus provided between the top of these regenerators and the base of the dues, two rich gas mains or channels are'disposed. One main or channel is provided with the usual gas to,I

nsKTA Vguns leading into corresponding members of the 100 due pairs and the other provided with gas guns leading into the other members of the flue pairs. Each of the other two regenerators is disposed on opposite sides of the above mentioned pair of regenerators directly beneath the coking cham- 10,5 bers between the supporting walls defining the sides of the coking chamber. These two regenerators are arranged to preheat air and are connected to the flues of adjacent heatingv walls. Each regenerator of each series, in' accordance no with this invention, is connected to its flues through a single sole passage extending above the regenerator and provided with upwardly directed channels connecting the sole passage to the flues. These sole channels connected as a unit by the individual flue pairs in the inflow and outflow paths, in accordance with Bournellis law of flow, function to uniformly distribute gas and air from the regenerators to the flues. Thus, gas and air ow through two regenerators .of the series into the sole channels above these regenerators and are distributed uniformly to the inflow flues of the heatingwalls burning therein, the products of combustion passing through the outflow nues into the sole channels of the other two regenerators and thence through the latter regenerators into the chimney flues. This flow as customary is periodically reversed so that the regenerators and connected flues operating for inflow are caused to operate for outflow, the regenerator material serving to extract the heat from the products of combustion, and the regenerators and the connected flues operating for outfiow are caused to operate for inow.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and showing for purposes of exemplification a preferred form of this invention but without limiting the claimed invention to such illustrative instances- Fig. 1 is a crosswise vertical section through a coke oven battery embodying the improvement of the present invention, the View being taken longitudinally through a heating Wall and regenerators in a plane indicated by the line 1-1 of Figs. 2 and 3;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section through a coke oven battery taken longitudinally of the battery in a plane indicated by the vline 2--2 of Fig. 3, the expansion joints shown in Fig. 4 being omitted from vthis figure for the sake of clearness;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section through a heating wall taken in a plane indicated by the line 3-3 of Figs. 2 and 5;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical section on an enlarged scale through the regenerators illustrating the substantially monolithic construction of the base portion of the supporting walls;

Fig. 5 is a vertical section through a coking chamber in a plane indicated by the line 5--5 of Figs. 2 and 3; and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary Vertical section through a regenerator beneath the heating ues and illustrates a modified arrangement of baffle plates and, consequently, a different flow path for the gas passing therethrough from that prevailing in the regenerator structure of Fig. 5.

In the preferred embodiment illustrated in the drawings, the invention is shown incorporated in a combination oven battery and the present description will be conned to the present illustrated embodiment of the invention in such oven battery.v It will be noted, however, that the novel features and improvements are susceptible to Y, other applications, such for example as ordinary coke ovens employing coke oven gas as the fuel or ovens using producer gas as the fuel. Hence, the scope of this invention is not conned to the embodiment herein described.

In the drawings referring to Figs. 2 and 4 there is shown a combination by-product coke oven embodying in its construction a plurality of heating walls 12 and a plurality of intermediate crosswise horizontally elongated coking chambers 13. The heating walls form the side walls of the respective coking chambers and the sides of the heating walls may be considered as defined by the top portions of the two gas- tight side Walls 14, 15 of the supporting walls 16 extending from the top to the bottom of the oven battery. The supporting walls 16 are arranged in spaced relation so as to form between contiguous pairs of supporting walls in the top portion thereof the coking chambers 13 and in the bottom portion thereof regenerator cells 17. In the base portion of each supporting Wall a gas-tight pillar wall 18 is positioned intermediate the side walls 14, 15.

This pillar wall extends from the base of the battery to a point below the vertical combustion nues hereinafter described. The walls 14, 15 and 18 are, as hereinafter more fully disclosed, in the base portion thereof tied together by baffle plates, and in the upper portion by the flue Walls so that each supporting wall is substantially monolithic from top to bottom. The supporting walls 16 are supported on a flat mat or platform which constitutes the subfoundation for the oven battery.

The coal or other material to be coked is charged into the colring chambers 13 through charging holes 19 (Fig. 5) located in the top 21 of the oven battery and positioned directly above the coking chamber 13. The charging holes are equipped with the usual removable covers which ai'e removed during the charging of the individual coking chambers and are placed in position i to close the tops of such coking chambers during the entire coking operation. The gases evolved in the coking chambers pass from the ducts thereof through the usual ascension pipes (not shown) into the usual gas collector main system which communicates with the by-product recovery apparatus.

Referring more particularly to Fig. l, it will be noted that each heating wall 12 is composed of a plurality of vertical combustion flues formed by transverse fluewalls 22 built integral with the side walls 14 and 15 of each supporting wall 16, thus forming a substantially monolithic heating wall or nue structure. The flues of each heating wall may be considered as operatively disposed in two groups, one group consisting of the flues 23 and the other group of nues 24, the flues 24 alternating with the flues 23. For convenience, the first, third, fifth, etc. flue in each heating wall,

i. e., the odd flues, will be identified by the refer- 'I ence numeral 23 and the even i'lues by the reference numeral 24throughout this description. All the flues of each group operate concurrently in the same direction, while simultaneously all the flues of the other group in the same heating wall operate concurrently for ow in the opposite direction. Thus assuming all the flues 24 are operating for inflow or combustion, the alternating ues 23 are operating for outflow to discharge into the outflow operating regenerators, hereinafter described, the products of combustion from the inflow operating flues 24. With this system of now through the flues, heating is maintained continuously from end to end of the coking chamber and consequently heat is applied to the full length of the charge in each chamber notwithstanding reversal through the flues and their connected regenerators. Accordingly, this nue structure in operation results in more uniform coking temperatures in the coking chamber with consequent more efficient coking of the coal charge.

Each ilue 23 is connected with the adjacent flue 24 by means of a passage 25 connecting together with theupper ends of each pair of flues. Thus a series of so-called twin fiues extending the full length of the coking chamber is provided. The flow through each pair of such communicably connected fines may be regulated by means of a slide brick or damper brick 26 (Fig. 2) movable on ledges 27 on the sides of the nues 23 to vary the extent of the passage 28 connecting flue 23 with flue 24. Each slide brick may be advanced more or less over the passage 28 or retracted onto the ledge 27 through access flues 29 which extend from the top of the nues 23. Access ues 31 (Fig. 1) also extend from the top of flues 24. The access iiues 29 and 31 afford access to the gas nozzles, hereinafter described, located in the bottorn of the nues 23 and 24.

The regenerators (Fig. 4) of the battery are located beneath the heating walls 12 and the coking chambers 13 and extend crosswise of the battery parallel to the coking chambers between the pillar walls 18 and the side walls 14, 15 and between adjacent supporting walls 16, i. e. between the side walls 14, 15 of contiguous supporting walls 16. In the middle lengthwise vertical plane of the battery a vertical partition 32 is positioned running the full length of the battery, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, extending all the way from the base or mat of the battery to the bottom of the overlying coking chambers. This partition divides the regenerators into pairs, the individual members or which are located on opposite sides of the battery, thereby permitting control from opposite sides of the battery of the flow through the regenerators.

The regenerators are arranged lengthwise of the battery in series of four regenerators 35, 36, 37, 38 connected to the iiues of each heating wall, two of the four regenerators being individual to the lues of each heating wall and the other two respectively serving the inow and outlow flues of adjacent heating walls, the aforementioned partition wall 32 dividing the regenerators of each series into pairs of regenerators located on opposite sides of the battery. As the arrangement of regenerators on opposite sides of the partition wall 32 is identical, the description herein will be conned to the arrangement of regenerators on one side of this partition 32. The crosswise regenerators 36, 37 of each series are located between the side walls 14, 15 and the pillar wall 18 of each supporting wall. Each regenerator 36 or each series is connected to and is individual to, say, the nues 24 of each heating wall and during one cycle, as indicated by the arrows in Figs. 2 and 4, operates for outflow, whereas each regenerator 37 of the series is connected to and is individual to the other fiues of each heating wall, in the instant case the flues 23, and operates for inflow. Thus when regenerator 36 of each series is operating for outflow, regenerator 37 of each series operates concurrently for inflow. In accordance with this invention, when operating with an extraneously derived gas as the fuel burned in the nues, the regenerators 36 and 37 preheat producer or other extraneously derived gas. In the instant case, regenerators 86, 37 are or less height than the regenerators 35, 38 and in the space thus provided above the regenerators 36, 37 the gas guns or channels 39, 42 are positicned.

The regenerators 36, 37 are located in the base portion of the supporting wall 16 below the vertical combustion iiues in the heating wall above, the sides of the regenerators being defined by the gas-tight side walls 14, l5 or the supporting wall and the gas-tight pillar wall 18. Each regenerator 36, 37 is formed with a horizontal baille plate 43 and also a horizontal partition plate 44, both built integral with the side walls 14, 15 and pillar wall 18 dening the sides of the regenerators, as indicated in Fig. 4. The horizontal partition plate forms a sole passage above the regenerator which, as hereinafter more fully described, functions to uniformly distribute gas or air, as the case may be, to the flues from the regenerators and products of combustion from the flues to the regenerators. By virtue of the integral brick structure of the pillar, side walls and baffle plates 43, 44, as clearly shown in Fig. 4, strength and rigidity is imparted to the base of each supporting wall.

It will be noted that the transverse flue walls built integral with the side walls 14, 15 cause the top portion of the supporting wall 16 to be substantially monolithic and the feature of having the baille plates 43, 44 built integral with the pillar walls and the base portion of the side walls causes the base portion of the supporting wall to be substantially monolithic so that the supporting wall from top to bottom presents a substantially monolithic construction. The above described structure provides durable supporting walls which, it is pointed out, have no points of weakness. In the top portion of each supporting wall vertical combustion flues are formed and in the base portion a pair of regenerator cells are provided.

The regenerators 35 and 38, respectively operative during one cycle as outflow and inflow regenerators (Figs. 2 and 4), are each located beneath the coking chambers between contiguously located supporting walls and are preferably made of greater height than the regenerators 36 or 37. The regenerators 35 and 38 are designed to preheat the necessary excess of air for eiliciently burning the producer gas and, as indicated by the pair of arrows in each such regenerator, to simultaneously feed the innow flues of a pair of heating walls.

Each regenerator 35 and 38 is formed with a horizontal baille plate 45 supported on ledges 46 formed integral with the side walls 14, 15. The baffles 45 are of such Width that an expansion joint or clearance space 47 is provided between the walls 14, 15 and the side wall of the baies. The expansion joints may be suitably luted, as usual in coke oven operations and thus leakage of the medium passing through the regenerator about the sides of baflles 45 is prevented. Side walls 14 and 15 are also provided with ledges 48 which support partition plates 49 forming the sole passages and 58 respectively above regenerators 35 and 38. The partition plates 49 are of such width that expansion joints are provided between the sides thereof and the side walls 14 and 15. Expansion joints 5l are provided in the brickwork between the base of the coking chamber and ilues and the tops of the regenerators, the expansion joints being so positioned as not to interfere with the monolithic character of the walls 14 and 15 running from top to bottom of the oven battery. From Fig. 4 it will Vbe noted that the portions of walls 14 and 15 contiguous to the base of the coking chambers make ilat contact with the brickwork, extending transversely of the brickwork beneath the coking chambers. Hence, these portions ci walls 14 and 15 are substantially monolithic with the brickwork below.

As previously stated, the baille plates 43 and partition plates 44 are built integral with the lib ` ators.

' open side walls 14, and the pillar wall 18, thus rendering the base of each supporting wall substantially monolithic, but the baiile plates 45 and partition plates 49 between adjacent supporting walls are not integral therewith so that expansion joints are provided at the points where plates 45 and 49 adjoin the supporting walls 16.

The sole flue of the regenerator is communicably connected to say the nues 23 of an intermediate heating wall and to `the ilues 24 of the heating wall on one side of the intermediate heating walls, between which heating walls the regenerator 35 is positioned. Similarly, regenerator 38 oi each series is connected to the ilues 24 of the intermediate heating wall and to the nues 23 of the heating wall located contiguous to and on the other side of the intermediate heating wall. Thus each regenerator 38, 35 is connected to the ilues of adjacent heating walls and is respectively operative for inflow of air to the inflow flues of adjacent heating walls and outow of products of combustion from the outflow ilues of adjacent heating walls.

Considering, for example, the regenerators cons nected to the flues of the heating wall 12 shown heating wall in question and the former receiving products of combustion also from the outflow fines of the heating wall to the left, as indicated by the pair of arrows in regenerator 35. rhus during one cycle of operation lengthwise of the battery the intermediate regenerators 36, 37 of each series are respectively inflow gas and outflow waste gas regenerators, and the regenerators 35, 38 lengthwise of the battery are alternately inilow air and outflow waste gas regener- Upon reversal the regenerators operating for iniiow become outflow regenerators and those operating for @uti-low become inflow regenerators. Reversal takes place longitudinally of the battery between regenerators 36, 37 of each series so that during one cycle regenerator 36 operates for inflow and regenerator 37 for outflow and upon the next cycle regenerator 37 operates for inflow and regenerator 36 for outilow, etc. Reversal also takes place longitudinally cf the battery between the regenerators 35 and 38, regeneratcr 35 of each series operates for inflow while regenerator 38 for outilow and during a succeeding cycle regenerator 38 operates for innow and regeneratcr 35 for outilow. The regenerators are thus heated in alternation by the hot combustion products that pass out from the coinbustionflues and then impart such heat to the medium fed therethrough into the combustion 1dues.

Each regenerator is a chamber' containing brick work commonly called cliecizerbriclr and as indicated in Figs. l and 5 is rovided with an inlet 59. The direction of flow through the base portion of each regenerator of Figs. l to 5 is horizontal towards the partition wall 32, the direction of now being reversed by the baille plates 43, and flow through the top portion of the regenerator taires place horizontally towards the side of the battery into sole passages extending above each regenerator. Thus the air, gas or products of combustion, as the case may be, flow horizontally in one direction through the regenerators the full length thereof and then horizontally in a reverse direction the full length thereof. This flow it will be noted efficiently utilizes the regenerator material.

In the modied regenerator arrangement shown in Fig. 6 instead of the horizontal baille plates 43, 45 vertical baille plates 62 and 63 are provided. Bafile plates 62, 63 are formed integral with side walls 14, 15 and also walls 18 in the same manner that the horizontal baffles A43, 44 are formed integral with these walls. The vertical ballles in the regenerators between adjacent supporting walls 16, however, are not formed integral with these walls but vertical expansion joints between such baffles and the adjoining walls are provided. Thus the structure of the supporting walls in the modification shown in Fig. 6 is substantially monolithic in like manner as the supporting wall structure of Figs. l to 5.

According to this rnodication, each regenerator is formed with a'sole channel 64 extending from the port 65 to the partition wall 32. A vertical baille plate 62 spaced away from the partition wall 32 changes the direction of flow from horizontal through the sole channel 64 to vertical ow between baille 62 and wall 32. Bale plate 62 extends from the sole channel to a point below the Vtop of the regenerator so that ilow takes place vertically up towards the top of the regenerator, then vertically downwardly towards the base of the regenerator between baille plates 62 and 63, the latter leading from the top of regenerator to a point above the base so that it reverses the direction of flow from its downward direction between baffles 62, 63 to an upward direction into the port 66 leading into the sole passage above the regenerator. Preferably, partition plates 67 are positioned in the regenerator sections formed by the baille plates so as to more 'uniformly distribute the medium flowing through the regenerators.

The sole channel 56 (Fig. 4) of each regenerator 36 is provided with upwardly directed conduits 71 at equally spaced points on vone side thereof leading into the bases of corresponding members of the flue pairs in the heating wall above. Similarly, the sole passages 57 of each regenerator 37 has upwardly directed conduits 72 at equally spaced points on one side thereof leading into the other members of the ilue pairs of the heating wall above.

The sole passages 55 of the respective regenerators 35 are provided with left and right upwardy extending passages 73 (Fig. 3) and 74 leading into the opposite members of the combustion flues of the heating walls on each side of regenerator 35. Similarly, the sole passages 58 of the regenerator 38 are provided with left and right upwardly extending conduits 75, 76 leading into opposite members of the flue pairs of the heating walls on each side of regenerator 38.

With this construction, when the regenerators and flues are in the phase indicated by the full line arrows on the drawings, each inflow operating flue communicates through ports 72, with the sole passages of the inflow regenerators 37, 38 and each outflow operating flue communicates by ports with the sole passages above the other two regenerators of each series.

As above indicated, extending crosswise of the battery above each pair of regenerators 36, 37 beneath the base of the heating flues are two pairs of gas supply channels 39, 42. Each pair extends from the side of the battery to near the mid portion thereof and the pair of channels on the right side of the battery, viewing Fg- 1, are connected through valve-controlled connection pipes 78 with gas main '79 while the pair of channels on the left are connected through valvecontrolled pipes 81 with gas main 82. The channels 39 and 42 are for the purpose of supplying coke oven gas to the several inow flues on each side or" the central partition 83 and for this purpose the channels 39 communicate with the flues 23 by ducts 84 leading from the channels 39 individually into the bottom of flues 23 and the several channels 42 which supply the flues 24 are communicably connected therewith by similar ducts 85 (Fig. 2). Within the ducts 84 and 85 are disposed the usual gas nozzles (not shown). By means of the valved pipes '78, 81 gas is supplied to either ducts 84 or 85, it being understood that the gas supply is concurrently maintained in channel 39 and ducts 84 and shut off from the channel 42 and ducts 85, the supply being reversed with respect to the channels 39 and 42 at each reversal.

For operating the battery with the use of an extraneously derived gas, such as producer gas, as the fuel burned in the flues the several regenerators 36, 37 during their iniiow period are connected to a producer gas main through suitable valve-controlled conduits (not shown) so that the producer gas may be directed into such of the regenerators 36, 37 as are operating for inflow. The supply of coke oven gas to the channels 39 and 42 is, of course, shut off. A supply of producer gas is permitted to flow into the inflow regenerators 37 of each series and passing through these regenerators is preheated before delivery into the iniiow ues 23. Preheated air is delivered to the inflow flues 23 through the inflow regenerators 38. During the inflow of producer gas through regenerators 37 and air through regenerator 38, waste gas from the outiiow operating flues 24 is flowing out through the outflow regenerators 35, 36 on both sides of the partition 32. On reversal of the flow, the iniiow operating regenerators become outflow operating regenerators and concurrently the outflow operating regenerators become inflow regenerators.

In operating the battery with coke oven gas, the supply of producer gas to the regenerators 36, 37 is cut off and air is permitted to flow into these regenerators instead of the producer gas. Operating in this manner, coke oven gas is fed from the mains 79, 82 to channels 39 or 42 which feed the inow flues. The reversal mechanism is operated at each reversal to place all the inflow operating regenerators in communication with the atmosphere so that these regenerators serve to preheat the air passing therethrough to the nues and concurrently all of the outow operating regenerators in communication with the chimney flues so that the waste gas from the outflow iiues passes through these regenerators into the chimney flues.

When operating the producer gas as the fuel the producer gas is fed through the regenerators individual to the flues of but one heating wall. This is an important feature of the present invention for it eliminates the tendency of a hot wall drawing in excessive amounts of gas, i. e., so-called hogging of the gas by the hotter of the two heating walls, the flues of which are connected to one and the same gas regenerator. It has been found that upon placing a fresh charge of coal in a coking chamber, or for other reasons, one heating wall becomes cooler than an adjacent wall, the flues of both of which are connected to the same gas regenerator, that the hotter wall exerts an appreciable stack efect or draught upon the regenerator in excess of that exerted by the cooler wall which causes an excessive flow of gas to the flues of the hotter wall and a diminished new to the flues of the cooler wall, further accentuating the diiierence in temperatures between these walls and resulting in poor coking of the charge and at tiines burning the oven walls. In accordance with this invention, as the gas regenerators are individual to the inflow flues of only one heating wall, regulated amounts of gas are fed to the flues of each heating wall and it is impossible for this socalled hogging of gas to take place.

The invention is hereinabove described as mbodied in a particular form of construction but it may be variously embodied within the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A coke oven battery comprising horizontally elongated coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in alternate relation, each of said heating walls being constituted of vertical combustion flues disposed in pairs throughout the length of the heating wall, the individual flues of each pair being communicably connected at their tops, one individual flue of each pair being adapted for operating for inflow while the other individual flue of each pair in each heating wall operates for outflow, and a regenerator system beneath said coking chambers embodying crosswise extending regenerators disposed the width of the oven battery, parallel to the coking chambers and arranged in series of four, lengthwise of the battery connected to the flues of each heating wall, two of the regenerators of each of said series being respectively individual to the iniow and outflow flues of said heating wall and operating for the iniiow of gas to the inflow flues and outflow of products of combustion from the outflow ues and the other two regenerators of each of said series being each .l

of increased capacity as compared with the capacity of each of the said regenerators individual to the inflow and outiow flues and being connected to the ues of said heating wall and also to the nues of a contiguous heating wall and operating for the inflow of air to the flues communicably connected therewith and for the outflow of products of combustion from the flues communicably connected therewith, each of said regenerators being communicably connected with the flues by a single horizontal passage extending above the regenerator and having conduits connecting the horizontal passage with the flues.

2. In a coke oven battery, supporting walls, the upper portion of each of said Walls comprising spaced side walls having built-in transverse flue walls forming vertical combustion flues disposed in pairs throughout the length of the side walls, the individual flues of each pair being communicably connected at their tops, corresponding individual flues of each pair being adapted for inow while the other individual flues operate for outflow, said spaced side walls extending from the top to the bottom of the battery, a pillar wall in the base of the battery intermediate the side walls, extending from the base of the battery to a point below the base of the vertical combustion flues, a pair of regenerators between said pillar wall and said side walls respectively connected to and individual to the inflow and outflow flues Yzo thereabove and operating for the inflow of gas to the inow ues and outow of products of combustion from the outflow flues, a horizontal baille plate in each of said regenerators bonding With said pillar Wall and side Walls, said support- Y ing Walls being spaced from each other so that intermediate each pair of supporting Walls in the tcp portion thereof a coking chamber is formed, and in the bottom portion, below the coking chamber, a regenerator cell is provided and a regenerator in said cell connected to the lues of

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