US1941454A

US1941454A - Door operating mechanism

Info

Publication number: US1941454A
Application number: US417381A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry G Ainsworth
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1929-12-30
Filing date: 1929-12-30
Publication date: 1934-01-02
Anticipated expiration: 1951-01-02

Description

1934- -H. G. AINSWORTH 1,941,454

I DOOR OPERATING MECHANISM Filed Dec. 30, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 v4 27 ya I I l Jan. 2, 1934- mswo 1,941,454

DOOR OPERATING MECHANISM 1934- H6. AINSWORTH DOOR OPERATING MECHANISM 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 30

Jan. 2, 1934. H. G. AINSWORTH 1,941,454

DOOR OPERATING MECHANISM Filed Dec. 30, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 [72 venior Patented Jan. 2, .1934

Harry G. Ainsworth, Aurora, 1]]. Application December- 30, 1929 Serial N0. 417,381

23 Claims.

Within the invention are certain elements and combinations of parts which may be advantageously embodied in other types of door-operating mechanisms. w

One of the important objects of the invention is to provide improved overload relief means for the purpose of preventing injury to the door, its

operating mechanism, or the electric motor, in the same direction is a possible condition arising in event that the normaloperation of the door should be interfered with or obstructed, or if some other abnormal condition should arise. vFor example, in the case of a garage door, the present overload relief means will prevent the possibility of injury if the operating mechanism should be inadvertently energized with an automobile blocking either movement of the door, or if because,

of any other condition the door should be incapable of normal movement with the electric motor energized. Thepresent overload relief mechanism is entirely automatic in;its'operation,it can be adjusted for different operating-conditions, and does not need to be reset after performing its relief function. l x

Another important object of the invention is to provide manuallyoperated release means 'de signed for the purpose of quickly and easily permitting manual operation of the door independently of the operation of the electric motor.' For example, in the event of failure of the current supply, possibly in the case of a fire, this manually operated release means permits the door instantly to be disconnected from the electric motor so that the door can be moved immediately.

The automatic switch apparatus controlling the circuit of the electric motor is preferably gover'ned by cam means, and another object of the invention is to provide a construction of dooroperating mechanism in which the automatic actuation of the above mentioned overload relief means will not disturb the proper timed reconstituting this switch actuating cam means.

thereof to an abnormal position.

A further{ object is to provide an the door can only beeffected with the door in properly timed relation to' said cam means. Another object is to provide an improved motion transmitting relation between the aforesaid cam means and the automatic switch means W which governs the stopping and reversing of the electric motor. p I

Afurtherobject is to provide an improved mounting and adjustable relation of the two cams A. furtherobject is to provide improved. means for preventing the accidental condition arising of the motor continuing to operate in the same direction after the door has reached the prede- K terminedlimit of its movement and after the automatic reversing'switch has been thrown.

Such continued running of the motor in the alternating current installations, brought about by. reversed actuation of the manual starting switch before the door has completed one cycle of-movement, and in the absence of means for preventingsuch, condition it may cause injury to the door operating'mechanism or movement 0 improved combination and arrangement of speed reduction mechanismbetween the electric motor and the crank arm which swings the door.- referably this mechanism includes a belt drive which serves as an additional overload relief means, and the arrangement is such that the weight of the elec-' tric motor is, utilized in constantly maintaining this belt at the proper driving tension.

I Other objects and advantages of the invention 99 will be apparent from the following description of one preferred embodiment thereof. In the accompanying drawings, illustrating such embodiment:

' mechanism on a larger scale;

Figure 4 is a front elevational view of the same, a portion of the housing being broken away to illustrate the worm drive; I

Figure 5 isa transverse sectional view through one of the feet of the motor, taken approximately on the plane of the line 5-5of Figure 4,

and. illustrating the sliding support of the motor on the baseplate;

Figure 6 is a vertical axial sectional view through the main-operating parts of the mechanism;

Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view taken approximately on the plane of the line 7-7 of V Figure 6 and looking downwardly;

Figure 11 is a detail view showing the adjustment afforded between the swinging end of the crank arm and the link connected to'the .door frame.

Referring first to Figures 1 and 2, I have illustrated the present mechanism arranged for operating a door 14 which is suitably hinged at 15 to the side jamb 16 of a'door-way 17. All of the main operating parts, including the electric motor, the reduction gearing, overload slippage clutch, and manual releasing ,means are embodied in an operator unit, designated 18 in its entirety. Such operator unit serves to swing a crank arm 19 which is pivotally connected at'its outer end with a'link 21. It is the relative angular movement between this crank arm and link which serves to swing the door between its open and closed positions; In'most installations, such as for operating a garage door and the like,the

preferred practice is to mount the operator unit 18 directly on the swinging door and to connect the link 21 to the top frame of the doorway, as by a pivot bracket 22 stationarily secured to said frame member, as illustrated in Figure 2..

However, the present mechanism has a wide variety of other uses, such as for operatinggates, wall panels, concealed closures, etc.,and in some of these-installations it may be desirable to reverse the above relation by mounting the operator unit 18 on the frame of the closure opening or on some other stationary part, and by connecting the link 21 with-the closure or like moving element. Moreover, in Figures 1 and 2 the mechanism is shown as operating a single door panel, but in many installations the device will operate fold- :ing doors comprising two or more panels hinged together with the folding panels running on trolley tracks. I have only shown the door at one side of the doorway but in most installations a companion door will swing'from the other side of the doorway, having its own operator 18 'mounted' thereon and with the two electric motors connected for simultaneous operation; I

Such arrangement has not been illustrated because it is well known to those skilled in the art.

Referring now to theconstruction of the operator unit 18, and with reference to Figures 3 and it will be seen that the different parts of this unit are assembled upon a base plate 25 which is rigidly secured to the inner side of the door 14 adjacent to the upper edge thereof. Mounted on the lower portion of thisbase plate isthe elecftric motor26; Mounted on theupper portion of said base plate is the housing 27 which incloses the reduction gearing and supports the rotating elements of the operator unit. The armature shaft of the motor carries a pulley 28 which in Figure 3.

transmits a drive through a belt 29 to a relatively large pulley wheel 31 mounted on a horizontal shaft 32 extending into the housing 27. The drive through this belt 29 constitutes one speed reduction, and also affords an overload slippage connection for preventing stalling of the motor or injury thereto for taking care of an abnormal condition. The feet or like supporting portions 33 of the motor 26 have vertically sliding support on slotted portions 34 of the base 25. Referring to Figure 5, the underside of the base is formed with a groove 35 therein extending longitudinally below each slot 34. Disposed in said slot and groove is a threaded bushing comprising a head 36 engaging in the groove and a reduced shank portion 37 engaging in the slot. A cap screw 38 extends through the foot 33 of the motor base and screws into the bore of the bushing 36 37.

The shank portion 37 of the bushing is slightly longer than the depth of the slot 34 so that when the cap screw 38 is drawn up tight the outer end of said shankportion engages the underside of the foot 33 and prevents the motor from being rigidly clamped to the'mounting base 25. The

slight play thus maintained between tie motor and the mounting'base permits the motor to slide downwardly on the slotted guides 34 so as constantly to maintain the driving belt 29 at the proper tension. If the belt should stretch or become'worn the motor will still maintain a constant tension thereon by settling downwardiy 'along its slotted guides, and when in such lowered position the torque pull on the belt is substantially ineiiective for pulling the motorupwardly because of the tendency of the bushings 37 to bind in the slotted guides against any 36 upward pull tending to twist the motor on the base plate.

The housing 27 is divided horizontally into upper and lower sections 27a and 27b respectively which sections are provided with marginal joining flanges and secured together by bolts ttaching lugs or'flanges A2 and 43 project from the rear side of each housing section. and

are suitably bolted to the base plate 25, as shown The shaft 32 on whichthe large pulley wheel 31 is keyed, enters the side of the lower housing section 2719 and has a worm 45 thereon intermediate spaced bearings provided for said shaft within the housing.

This worm meshes with aworrn wheel 46 which is keyed to a vertical countershaft Q7, The upper and lower ends of said countershaft engage respectively in bearing bushings iii and 49 which seat in closed-end bosses 51 and 52 proiv from the upper and lower housing sectio s.

spur pinion 53 is keyed upon this oountershaft, above the worm wheel 46, and meshes with a large spur wheel 54; mounted upon the main operating axis of the device. Disposed on this axis are a shaft 55 and a surrounding sleeve 56, the

'large spur gear 54 being keyed to the sleeve 56.

Said sleeve is iournaled in bushed bearing bosses or

hubs

57 and 58 projecting vertically from the upper and lower housing sections; Secured by a, 1.

key 59 to the projecting upper end of the sleeve 56, above the upper boss 5'7, is the hub 6101 a driving clutch element 62, such clutch element being in the form of an annular flange projecting radially from the. hub 61. the driving. element of a friction slippage clutch which is interposed in the driving train between the motor 26 and the crank arm 19 for the purpose of affording an overload relief connection so that damage to the operating parts or motor Such constitutes cannot occurif the door should, become blocked or otherwise held against itsproper movement. interposed inthje line :of operating, parts-be,-

tween this friction slippage clutch and the crank arm 19 is an element 63 which 'I have termed an actuator or rotary actuating device; .rotary'actuator is secured in definitely fixedor' timed relation tothe cams which control the movement of the motor reversing switch, where 'by the actuator operates said cams ingthe, pro er timed relation. 1

As above remarked, the friction slippage clutch is interposed in the driving :train between the electric motor and the actuator 63. Beyond this actuator, or between the same and the crankearm 19 in; the train of parts, isthe manually, actuated releasing vmeans --whi ch permitsv independent movement of the crank arm 19 when it is desired to operate the door manually, as I shall-presently 1,20 describe.- Within the broad purview-oi the inven- .tion the slippage clutch may be interposed at any desired point in the dividing train between the motor and the actuator 63, but inthe pre-- ferred construction shown the bottom surface 63' of the actuator constitutesone of the friction drivensurfacesadapted to engage with the driving element 62 tobe driven thereby. A cooperating lower plate 64 has its uppersurfacefiel' engaging thelower side of thezdriving plate62. The

j two

plates

63 and 64 are drawn together to effect the desired frictional contact with the driving plate 62 through the instrumentality of adjusting screws 65, Figure 7. The-peripheries of the two driven

plates

63 and 64 extend beycndtheperiphi ery of the driving plate 62, and the screws'65 pass down through holes in the extending portion of the upper plate and thread intobosses 66 (Fig- .ure 4) formed on the extending portion of the lower plate. By adjusting these screws any de- 4 o sired tension can be given the slippage clutch.

' ,As shown in Figure i, a lug 68 extendsupwardly "from the lower plate .64 and engages in'a periph- ,:;eral. notch 69 in theupper plate 63 for compelling concurrent driven rotation of the two plates.

' Both of these plates have bearingznountingon the upperand lower extending. endsof the hub 61, the upper plate 63 having a hub portion 71 extending up above the hub 61 and formed with an inwardly extending flange or head '72. The central shaftj has a square or polygonal head '73 onits'upper; end which fits into a correspondingly gshape d socketin the head portion 72. The lower *end of this shaft is connected with the camswhich .control the motor reversing switch, and hence it 55 will be seen that the rotary actuator 63 is maintained in definitely timed relation tothese cams. The manually actuated disconnecting means, which is adapted to free the door for manual operation, may likewise be interposed at any suit 1,60 able point in a line of operating connections between the actuator 63 and the crank arm 19,,but in the preferred construction. ;this manual dis- ;connecting means is carried by the actuator-63 and is adapted to engage the hub. portionof the 5 crank arm directly. Such disconnecting'means comprises two spring pressed plungers '75,;75',

which are slidably mounted inarcuate bosses '76,

;76 projecting upwardly from the actuator plate 63, as best shown in Figure =7; The operating :70. crank 19 has a hub portion comprisin a depend ing annular flange 7 whichis rotatably mounted over the annular flange or hub 7101 the actuator plate 63. .Aretaining disk 76 is seated in a circular depression in the top of the crank hub,'bear- 1 F5 ing' against the shoulder formed at the bottom of shifting; collar 85 housing section 27a.

--to saidhub'portion by a se'trscrew 98. leasing the two set ,screws94 and 98 the two ries aprojecting pin this'depression, and being secured by screws 81 threading into the flange or head portion 72 of .the actuator plate 63;;

Thus the crank arm is held upon the upper end of the actuator element 63but can be; rotated relatively thereto. Normally, such rotation is prevented oy the two plungers 75, being projected upwardly into sockets 83 83 formed at opposite points in the hub of the crank arm. Said plungers have reduced shank portions passing loosely through holes in the bottom clutch plate 64 and having their lower ends riveted or otherwise ,rigidly secured in the plate portion84 of an annularly grooved shifting collar 85. Compression springs 86 are confined on the reduced shank por tions of the plungers between the plate64 and the head portions of said piungers, these springs normally tending to project the plungers upwardly The groovedinto their respective sockets 83, 837.

'isslidably'mounted on the boss 5'? and cooperating with this collar'is a tripping yoke 88 which embraces the collar and has in wardly extendin pins 89 engaging in the grooved portion thereof. A bifurcated inner end of the yoke embraces the boss 51 and is pivotally supported on lugs 91 projecting upwardly from the A chain 92 extends down from the other end or" said yoke and hasconnection with a pull ring 93, or ,any, other suitable actuating connection whereby the yoke may be pulled downwardly for withdrawing the plunger pins "l5, F5 from the sockets 83, 83 when it is desired to operate the door manually.

The plunger 7 5 and its socket 83 are at a diiierent radiusirom the axial centerof the assembly than are the plunger 75 and its socket 83, so that in reestablishing the operative connection between the. motor driven parts and the crank arm 19 the crank arm can only be locked to the actuator 63 in one position, which places it in definitely timed relation to the cams which control the motor reversing switch.

, Referring .now to said cams, it willbe seen from Figure 6 that the shaft 55 projects beyond the lower end of the sleeve 56 and has secured thereto by a set screw 94 the hub portion 95 of an'upper cam96'. The upper face of this cam may be slightly counterbored for receiving the lowerend of the'journal' boss 58. A lower cam .97 is non-rotatably'mountedson the hub portion 95 ofthe upper cam 96, beingadjustably secured By recams 96 and 97 can be angularly adjusted'rela- -tively-to the shaft 55 and to each other.

As best shown in Figures, these two cams impart lateral swinging movement to a switch actuating yoke 99 having an opening 101 which embraces the'jcurnal boss 58. The pivot end or" said :yoke comprises anapertured'portion 102 which is 'swiveled upon the bearing boss 52, being held size than the lower cam 97, the point or rise of said'upper cam not extendingbeyond the circular peripheral edge of the lower cam 97. Project- .ingdown from one side of the yoke 99 is a lug 105, which extends into the radius of action or" the upper-cam 96. This lug is-ofv comparatively short which serves to throwof the switch operating lever.

length so that it does not extend down into the path of movement of the lower cam 97. Extending down from the opposite side of the yoke 99 is another lug 106 which projectsinto the path of movement of the large cam 97. Because the point of the upper or small cam does not extend beyond the circular periphery of the large cam it cannot engage and actuate this second lug 106.

In the operation of these cams, when the door reaches an almost closed position the upper, small cam 96 engages its cooperating lug 105 and swings the yoke 99 in one direction for actuating the motor reversing switch. Conversely, when the door is swung in the other direction and reaches an almost open position the lower large cam 97 engages its cooperating lug 106 and swings the yoke 99 in the opposite direction for throwing the reversing switch to its opposite position.

- The coastingof the electric motor insures completed movement of the doorto either of its extreme positions after the switch has been thrown. The swinging end of the yoke 99 may be supported for its sidewise movement in a bracket strap 107 secured to the underside of the gear housing and forming a guide surface for the yoke.

The switch parts are enclosed within a housing 108 formed at one side or end of the lower gear housing portion 27b. Projecting downwardly through an opening in this switch housing 108 (Figure is a switch operating arm or lever 109 having an inverted V-shaped opening 111 therein. The pin 104 projecting from the yoke 99 operates in this opening 111 in throwing the arm 109. As illustrated by the full and dotted line positions in Figure 10, when the pin 1G4 swings in either direction it carries the arm 109 with it up to the point at which the switch is thrown, and thereupon the arm can stop while the pin continues its movement in that same direction. This is provided for by the sloping ends of the V-shaped opening 111, which allows the pin 10 1 to pass out of the opening 111 and continue in its movement past the adjacent side wing When the pin 104 starts back in its reverse movement it moves into the opening 111 and engages the low arm or wing of the lever, thereby carrying the lever with it until the switch has been thrown to its opposite position, whereupon the pin 104 can continue its movement out of the opening 111 and beyond the opposite side arm or wing in the same manner as described of the preceding direction of movement. By this arrangement, the pin 104 can be given excess movement in order to insure complete actuation of the switch, and still avoid the possibility of said excess movement damaging the switch.

' The lever 109, in addition to actuating the motor reversing switch previously mentioned, also actuates a circuit disconnecting switch which is sired operation of the motor in either direction with an automatic stopping of the motor at the end of each movement of the door. This or other like circuits may be employed.

opposite direction. Such reversed actuation-or the manually operated switch at this instant may result in the alternating current motor con tinuing to operate in the same direction after the limit of movement of the door has been reached, with the result that the continued rotation of the motor may possibly result'in in jury to the doors or frame construction.

To prevent this, I have provided a novel arrangement of stops which stall or retard the alternating current motor in the event of said abnormal operation of the manually actuated switch, and give one repulsion field an opportunity to die down, thus preventing the induction action of the motor from keeping the armature rotating. Referring to Figure 7, it will be seen that there are two of these stop lugs or shoulders 115 and 116 projecting from the periphery. of the bottom clutch plate 64, whereby these lugs or shoulders revolve with the crank arm 19 when said crank arm is coupled to the motor drive through the manually releasable plunger pins '75, '75. These shoulders are so disposed angularly relatively to theclutch plate 6 1 and crank arm 19 that when the door has been moved to the closed position, illustrated in full lines in Figure 2, any tendency of the motor to keep on revolving through an appreciable interval will bring the stop shoulder 115 up against the adjacent edge of the flange 42"which secures the gear housing to the base plate. Conversely,

position, substantially as illustrated in dotted lines'in Figure 2, any tendency'of the motor to keep on revolving through an appreciable interval will bring the other stop shoulder 116 up against the other edge 116 ofthe 'mounting flange 42. of the door the motor should tend to keepon revolving in the same direction, one or the other of these stop shoulders interrupt further movement of the crank arm 19 and clutch plate 64 with the result that the motor will be stalled and one repulsion field thereof given an opportunity to die down so thatthe motor will stop and reverse. 7 v e In said positive stopping of the crank arm 19 and clutch plate 64 the

slippage clutch

62, 64 will yield and prevent shock being transmitted to the parts. Obviously any other stationary stop projection may be arranged in lieu of the flange 42.

In order to accommodate different degrees of door-opening movement and diiierent locations of the pivot bracket 22, the pivot 20 connecting the crank arm l9 with the link 21 is made ad- ,justable to increase or decrease the effective length of the crank arm. As shown in Figure 11, this pivot 20 is in the form of a stud which screws into any one of a plurality of threaded holes 121 tapped at difierent points along the outer end of the crank arm 19. Intersecting each Thus, if a either limit of movement- 115 when the door has been swung to its fully open of thesethreaded holes 121 is a tapped hole 122 for receiving a set screw 123 by which the'pivot stud 20 is locked in its selected hole. The end of the link 21 has any suitable sleeve mounting mini ' From the preceding description, it will be evi dent that for opening the door theswitch 123 is actuated whereupon the door swingsto its open position and near the completion of. suchmoyement automatically throws the switch arm 109 to disconnect the m'otoran'd reverse its windings. Thereupon, to close thedoor theswitch 123 is again actuated, which closes the circuit for the motor, causing it to operate in the reverse direction and swing the door to closed position, at the completion of which movement the switch arm 109 is again thrown toits opposite position for disconnecting the motor and reversing its windings.

The throw of the switch arm 109 occurs just prior to the completion of thedoorclosing movement so that the coast of'the motor carries the door up against the frame stops. The overload relief connections aiforde'd through the slippage clutch 6264 and through the belt-d rive 29 absorb any I remaining momentum of. the motor when the door is positively stopped. Thethrowing of the switch mechanismcan be made to occur, at any given point in the movement of the door by appropriately adjusting one or both earns 96, 97.

If the normal movement of the, door should be blocked or resisted the overload I, relief, clutch 62 64 will yield and prevent injury to the mec h anism.- I

The belt drive 29 will alsoassist in this regard. As previously pointed out, however, such slippage of the clutch or of the belt drive will not disturb the normal timed relation of the cams 96,197 to the position of the door, these cams remaining positively connected torthe rotary actuating ele-v ment 63. Moreover, after the functioning of the slippage clutch it is not necessary to, manually reset any part ofthe mechanism in order that the movement of the doormay be continued. 1 By adjusting the screws 65, the relief clutch may be made to yield at any predetermined overload torque. r I

For manually operating'the door independently I of the energization of the electric motor, it isonly necessary to pull-the trippingjchain 92, which withdraws the plungers '75, '75 from the sockets 83, 83' and frees the crank arm 19 from the actuating element 63. After-the completionof such manual movement, the crank arm 19 can only be restored to operative connection with theactuating element 63 in one angular positionibecause of the different spacing of the sockets 83, 83 which insures that the crank. armwill be restored to proper timed relation to the

cams

96, 97.

As previously described, if because of improper actuation of the manually operated switch 128 the motor should tend to continueto revolve in the same direction at the-[completion of one door,

movement one orthe other of the stops-115,, 116

will positivelyinterrupt further movement of the crank arm in the direction and stall or retard the motor for discontinuing its :continuedi.rota--:

' v a said lattermeans comprising an annular-driving tion in that-direction. 1

. It will be noted that such f ctioning of the stops 115,116 does not disturb the timed relation of the

cams

96, 97. b When the door is in closed position it is effectively locked against unauthorized opening from the outside. The manually operated releasing means is only operable from the inside. Also, as shown in Figure 1, the crank arm 19 and'link 21 are at this time in approximately dead center relation-so that pressure exerted against the outer side of the door does not operate with sufficient mechanical advantage to causeslippage of the friction clutch 62 -64.

While the particular construction which I. have shown and'described constitutes what I regard to be the preferred embodiment of my invention, nevertheless it will be understood that such-"is merely exemplary and that numerous modifications and rearrangements of partsmay be made i lml d p r n f om the essence of the invene tion.

I claim:

7 1. Thecombination with a closure member and a fixed support relatively to which said closure member has movement, of mechanism for operating said closure member and adapted to be 1 mounted thereon,- said mechanism comprising a crank arm arranged to have operative connection with said fixed support, an electric motor mounted for vertical movement relative to said f mechanism, and driving means connecting said 1 electric motor with said-crank arm including a flexible overload slippage connection, said motor being movable vertically to'automatically main tain said-flexible connection under normal driving tension. r 1 1 2.- The combinationwith a closure member. and aqfixedsupport relatively to which said closure member hasmovement, of mechanism for operatingsaid closure member and adapted .to be mounted thereon, said mechanism comprisinga 1 crank arm arranged to haveoperative connection with said fixed, support, an electric motor, driving means connecting said electric motor with said crank arm, and manually operable releasing :1

means for ,disconnectingthe closure member from 1 said, electric motor, said releasing meahsconiprising parts disposed at different radii from the axial center of: said releasing means and only reconnectable when said closure memberzis in predetermined timed relation to said operating mechanism. 7 p 3. The combination with a closure member and asfixed support :relatively to which said closure 7 member has movement, of mechanism for operating said closure member and adapted to be 3 mounted thereon, said mechanism comprising a crank arm arranged to havelink connection with said fixed support, an actuating element for swinging said crank arm, an electric motor for driv-f ing said actuatingelement, and readily operable 1 manual releasing mechanism between saidcrank. arm'andqsaid-actuating element and comprising means disposedat diiferent radii from the axial center of said releasing means for compelling the 1 member and an annular-driven member effective 1 25 I way, of mechanism for operating said door, and

adapted to be mounted thereon, said mechanism 7 to transmit operating torque to said crank arm with said members in any relative angular position, and manually operable means carried by one ofsaid annular members and comprising a plurality of plungers for releasably engaging within sockets formed in said crank arm for normally operating said door.

5. The combination with a door and a door-way, of mechanism for operating said door, and adapted to be mounted thereon, said mechanism comprising a reversely swinging crank arm adapted to have operative connection with said doorway, a reversible electric motor, driving means for connecting said electric motor with said crank arm comprising an actuating element, an overload relief slippage clutch capable of yielding in either direction of rotation interposed in said driving means between said electric motor and said actuating element, and manually operable releasing meansinterposed in said driving means between said actuating element and said crank arm and comprising a shiftable collar and means carried by said collar'for directly engaging said crank arm.

6. The combination with a door and a doorcomprising a reversely swinging crank arm adapted to have operative connection with said doorway, a reversible electric motor, driving means for connecting said electric motor with said crank arm comprising an actuating element, an overload relief slippage clutch capable of yielding in either direction of rotation interposed in said driving means between said electric motor and said actuating element, manually operable releasing means interposed in said driving means besaid actuating element, and reversing switch means responsive to' said cam means for controlling said electric motor.

7. The combination with a door and a doorway, of a door-operating unit mounted on said I door and comprising a reversely swinging crank arm, a link pivotally connected between said crank arm and the door-way, a reversible electric motor mounted on the door, mechanism connecting'said electric motor with said crank arm comprising a shaft, an actuating element secured to said shaft and oscillating the latter, a friction slippage clutch capable of yielding in either direction of rotation mounted concentrically of said shaft and operatively connected between said electric motor 'and said actuating element, manually released 'centricallyof said shaft and normally establishing a positive driving relation between said actuating element and said crank arm, cam means responsive to said shaft and motor reversing switch means responsive to said cam means.

' 8. A door operator of the class described for mounting on the door, comprising a crank arm adapted to have link connection with a stationary support, an electric motor, a concentricshaft and sleeve, capable of relative rotation reduction gearing operatively connected to drive said sleeve from said motor, a friction slippage driving clutch element secured to said sleeve, a cooperating'friction slippage driven clutch element connected with said crank'arm, said crank arm seating di rectly upon said driven clutch element and said driven clutch element and said shaft moving to gether, and motor reversing switch 'meansr'esponsive to the movement of said shaft, to control saiddoor. .l V

9. A door operator of the class described for mounting on the door, comprising a crank arm member adapted to have link connection with a stationary support, an electric motor, a concentrio shaft and'sleeve; capable of relative rotation reduction gearing operatively connected .to drive said sleeve from said motor,';a'fric tion slippage driving clutch element secured to saidsleeva'a cooperating friction slippage driven clutch element connected with said orank'arm, said crank arm seating directly upon said driven clutch ele ment and said driven clutch element and said shaft moving together, motor reversing switch means responsive to the movement of said shaft, and manually operable means for interrupting the transmission of motion from said driven clutch element to said crank arm. 10. A door operator of the class described adapted for mounting on the door, comprising a crank member adapted to have pivoted link connection with a stationary supportgan electric motor, a rotating member driven bysaid electric motor and mounted concentrically of said crank member, and manually actuated releasing means for operatively connecting said crank member with said rotary member and comprising pin means carried by said rotary member adapted to engage in socket means formed in said crank member, said pin and socket means being arranged whereby the driving relation between said rotating "member and'said crank member can only be reestablished with said members in predetermined angular relation to each other.

11. A door'operator of the class described adapted for mounting on the'door, comprising a substantially vertical rotatable member, an electric motor, a worm driven by said electric motor, a worm wheel driven by said worm, acountershaft on which said worm, wheel is mounted, spur gears mounted on said rotatable member and on said countershaft for transmitting rotation from said worm Wheel to said rotatable member, a crank arm mounted at the upper end of said rotatable member and adapted to have pivotal link connection with a stationary support for operating the door, and reversing switch 4 means responsive to the movement ofsaid crank loosely embracing said verticalrotatable mem-.

her for lateral swinging movement.

12. In a door operator adapted for mounting on the door, the combination of a crank arm adapted to have pivotal link connection witha stationary support, an electric motor, driving means operatively connecting said electric motor with said crank arm, cam means arranged to be moved by said crank arm, automatic switch means controlling said electric motor, and a ply-- otally swinging yoke member embracing said cam means and positively oscillated in'opposite directions by said cam means for effecting movement of said switch means.

13. A door operator of the class described adapted for mounting on the door, comprising a crank arm adapted to have pivoted link connection with a fixed support, a rotatable member on which said crank arm ismounted, an electric mo tor, a shaft above said motor, operating ccnnec-' tions between said shaft and said rotatable memsaid shaftand mounting means for said motor on wh ch s d mo o can move dew wa dly h eby the we ht o the motor is ffe tiveto hold a b t at h p o-per dri i g tensi n.-

li- .A do opera or of he cla s de cribed adaptedv r m unt n n the d or, omprising-a crank'a m a a te to have p vota ink o nec ion with a f xe upport, an e ectr c mo or, n i "means n ratively conn ting said elect ic mo wit said c nk a a rotatable member, movin with aid crank a pair o cams on sa d rotatable mem er a pi otally w ng ng y k coopera nawit sa d cams, one of aid cams having a cam ris of comparativ l sm ll adius, a shoulder n s id yo e a tedt be enga ed by sa am is the oth of sa d cams having a cam eo re ati ely la e. ra a se ond shoulder o sa d yoke clea in sai first and ex nding the p th o the oamrise of said atter cam, a d switch means esponsive to the movement of sa d-yok for ontrolling e ec= tr mov door ope ator. adapted. or moun n on the doo com ri a crank ada tedto a e pivo ed link connectio with th 'docnway, an electr motor dr i g m ans perativel-y c nn ct ne sai m to with'sa c a a m, means m ved y sa d crank arm, a pivota ly swi ing memb r actua ed by sa d m mea s, s itch me ns r ontro in said motor c mer in a sw tc d-dati a p vot d fo swing n movemen al la u s ant lly at righ an glee to t mo em nt of said pivota ly w nging memb r, a switch actuatin a m h vin a Y shaped opening therein, and a pin on'sa'id pivot l wingin m mber d pted to ngage in sa d o enin for impartins mov ment to said switch ctua ing a d pin bein c pa le of contin= l ed mo ment out of s id. opening and beyond aid a m a er t e sw t h has b en thrown- 6- Th c mbinat on wi a sw g g d or and a'doorway of a d or op rating unit mounted n said door, and comprising a h using a v rtically extending sleeve journalled in said housing and having its upper end projecting therefrom, a

a shaft extending through said sleeve with the opposite ends extending therefrom and its lower end projecting below said housing, .a countershaft journalled in said housing, a worm wheel mounted on said countershaft, a worm meshing therewith, an electric motor connected to drive said worm, a spur gear mounted on said countershaft, a spur gear keyed to said sleeve and meshing with said latter spur gear, both of said spur gears being enclosed within said housing, a drivingfriction clutch disk secured to the projecting upper end of said sleeve above said housing, upper'and lower driven friction clutch disk engaging with the upper and lower sides of said driving disk, adjustable means for establishing frictional pressure between said disks, said upper frictional disk being secured to the projecting upper end of said shaft, a crank armhaving its hub rotatably mounted above said upper'friction disk, a

pair of spring pressed plungers carried by said two driven disks and normally urgedupwardly into sockets in said crank arm, a shifting collar to which said plungers are connected, a tripping member connected with said collar and adapted to be manually actuated for withdrawing I said plungers from said sockets, a pair of cams secured to the projecting lower end of said shaft, a pivotally swinging yoke comprising portions engaged by said cams for oscillating said yoke in opposite directions, switch means responsive to the movement of said yoke for controllingsaid electric motor, and a link povotally cted b tween theswinging' end of said crankarmand a fixed point of pivotal-attachment" on said doorway.

adapted for mounting on the door, the combines tion of an l ctric motor, a driving frictional clutch element, m ans f r t ansmitting power from sa mo o to said clutch element for rototing the latter, adriven'frictional lutch-ol 13. The combination with a closure member and a tationary m mber relatively t which said losu eme ber hasmov m nt, f me hanism for opera ing aid clo re memb r c mp ising a swinging crank h vi g link connection t one of sa d mb rs nd actuated by, a rotating driven 17. In a door operator of the class described.

disk, a rotatable shaft to which said driven disk 1 in said crank f r normally locking said c ank for rotative movement with said driven clutch' plates and shiftable collar.

19. The combination with a closure member and a stationary member relatively to which said closure. member h smovement, of m ch n sm for opera ing sa d clos re member comprising a swinging crank having link connection to one of said members and'actuated by a rotating disk, a

rotatable shaft on which said disk is non-rotatably' mounted, a sleeve mounted for relative rotation on said shaft, a driving clutch disk non-rotatably mounted on said-sleeve and frictionally contacting one surface of said driven disk, a second driven clutch disk frictionally contacting another surface of said'driving clutchv disk, a shiftable collar mounted concentrically of said sleeve and adapted to movelongitudinally of the axis of c said shaft and sleeve, a spring pressed plunger connected to said shiftable' collar and passing through said friction disks, said plunger adapted to register with socket means in said crank for releasibly locking the latter for concentric movement with said friction clutch plates and said 'shiftable collar, and manually operative means i for moving said collar away from said clutch periphery of said disk, a shiftable collar mounted concentrically of said friction clutch plates, said collar "adapted to move longitu i -ally of said sleeve, a plunger actuated by said collar, said plunger extendingthrough the outer peripheries of said clutch plates and releasably engageable in socket means in said crank to lock the latter in operative relationship with said driven clutch plates, and a manually operative lever adapted to actuate said collar whereby said closure member may be actuated independently of said mechanism. r

21. The combination with a closure member and a stationary member relatively to which said closure member has movement, of mechanism for operating said closure member comprising a swinging crank having link connection to one of said members, a vertically extending rotatable member, a driving clutch disk having a hub portion keyed to said member, driven clutch plates mounted on opposite sides of and frictionally contacting said driving disk for rotating said plates, one or" said driven plates having a hub portion mounted on the hub of said driving disk, a sleeve formed on one end of said crank and rotatably mounted on the hub of said d ven clutch plate for actuating said crank, a'shiitable collar mounted concentrically with said plates and adapted for movement longitudinally of said vertically extending member, a plunger associated with with said collar and releasably looking said crank relatively to said driven clutch plates and a manually operative lever for actuat ing said collar to retract said plunger whereby said crank will rotate relative to said driven clutchindeswitch.

'drivenclutch plates extending beyond the outer mounted on opposite sides of and frictionally contacting'with said driving disk for rotating said plates, the outer peripheries of said plates? extending beyond the outer margin of said driving clutch disk, one of said driven plates having a hub portion mounted on the hub of said driving disk, a sleeve formed on one end of said crank and rotatably mounted on the hub of said driven clutch plate for actuating said crank, a shiftable collar mounted concentrically with said plates and adapted for movement longitudinally of said vertically extending member, a plunger associated with said collar and passing through the outer peripheries of said driven clutch plates,

said plunger adapted to releasably engage said I crank relatively to said clutch plates, and a manually operative lever for actuating said collar to disengage said plunger from said crank whereby the sleeve of said crank will rotate relative to said driven clutch plate in actuating said closure member independently of said mechanism.

23. The combination with a closure member and a stationary member relatively to which said closure member has'movement, of mechanism for operating said'closure member comprising a reversi le electric motor, a crank having link connection to one or" said first named members, a vertically extending shaft on which said crank is mounted, a vertically extending countershaft spaced laterally from said other shaft, a housing in which said shafts are journaled, a train of gears for driving said shaft and countershaft, one gears being a worm gear, a horizontal shaft driven by said electric motor, a worm on said latter shaft meshing with said worm gear, a slip clutch disposed between said electricmotor and said crank for disengaging said motor, an actuating switch for producing reverse rotation of said'motor to alternatively open 'andclose said closure member, and means includinga lat-' erally swinging yoke member pivoted to the journal of said countershaft, and'loosely embracing said verticaliy extending shaft for actuating said