US1909625A - Brick veneer construction - Google Patents

Description

'May 16, 193.3.. E H, MEER 1,909,625

BRICK VENEEH CONSTRUCTION 'Filed Dec. 21, 1931 Patented May 16, 1933 UNETED ySTATES FREDERICKH. MEIER, OIF SHEFFIELD, ILLINOIS f BRICK VENEER CONSTRUCTION Application filed December 21, 1931.

My invention relates to a method and structure for veneering buildings withbrick.

More particularly, it is my purpose to pro- I, vide a veneer construction employing bricks D suitably shaped for being fastened to a wall or the like by appropriate anchoring mea-ns and preferably shaped to cover and conceal the anchoring means.

Another purpose is to provide for such a structure bricks so shaped as to make it possible to support them one upon the other and to provide concealed between them means for forming a plastic bond and joint.

It is another object of my invention to provide a structure of the kind under considerat-ion with which anchoring means may be fastened to the wall and thereafter the brick may be placed in position to be held by the anchoring means.

2 Another purpose is to provide anchoring means and brick havingl parts so constructed and adapted to so cooperate as to secure the brick to the wall tightly held against the wall.

Another purpose is to provide such structure that each brick coacts with the anchoring means and with other brick for holding both brick close to the wall. Y

Still another purpose is to provide such al structure that the brick may be provided with mortarin the ordinary way and the necessity for tuck pointing may be entirely eliminated. With these and other objects in view, my invention consist-s in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of my structure, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, point-ed out in my claim, and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a portion of a veneered wall structure embodying my invention. Y

Figure 2 isa perspective view partly in r section illustrating a portion of a wall at a corner veneered in accordance with my invention.

Figure 3 is a detail, sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a front elevation of a portion Serial No. 582,235.

of a veneered wall construction embodying the preferred form of my invention.

Figure 5 is a perspective view, partly in section, illustrating a portion of a wall at a corner veneered in accordance with the form of my invention shown in Figure 4; and

Figure 6 is a detail, sectional view taken on the line 6 6 of Figure 4.

I will first describe my improved structure and the manner of installing the parts and will then refer to some of the advantages of such a structure.

I provide abrick of clay, vcement or any proper material, having a shape peculiarly adapted for the purpose of concealing the joint at the anchorage and also giving the relative space of the thickness and depth of the joint required.

I shall first describethe form of the structure illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3, because 70 this application is in part a continuation of my previous application, Serial No. 544,529, filed June 15, 1981, and the structure shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 is that disclosed in my prior application.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3 inclusive, each brick indicated by the reference numeral 10 has in one face at what is its upper edge when installed on a wall a rabbet 11 leaving what 80 I will call an inner lip 12. `Likewise each brick has in its inner face at what is its lower edge when installed a rabbet 13.

Contemplating thek brick in its position shown in the drawing, which is its position when assembled on a vertical wall, it will be noted that each brick has in its lower edge a vertical slot 14 extending lengthwise of the brick. On one side of this slot is what may be called an inner tongue 15 and on the other 90 side is what may be called an outer tongue 16.

It should be noted that the lip 12 is beveled and the tongue 15 is correspondingly beveled from their outer parts inwardly and downwardly as shown in Figure 2. 95

In the practical installation of these brick on a wall, I use suitable anchoring devices, the exact construction and nature of which may vary depending upon the kind of a wall that is being veneered. The anchoring device,

however, should preferably have a head which can project into the slot 14.

For purposes of illustration, l have shown anchoring devices comprising nails 17 with the large flat heads 18.

Urdinarily in laying the lower course of brick, the nails, for instance, two in number, are 'driven into thewall 19 so that the heads project the proper distance and then a plastic compound, which will afford an expansion joint, preferably some bituminous product, is spread alongthe beveled face of the tongue 15 and into the slot 14 and preferablyon the inner face of the tongue 16, and on one end of the brick.

The brick is then placed in position with the upper part of the head 18 projecting into the slot 14.

Nails are then driven inte the wall above the lips 12 as shown for instance in Figure 3 with the lower parts of their heads resting against the outer face of the lip 12. These nails are preferably driven at an angle to correspond to the bevels mentioned.

T he workman then spreads the plastic material mentioned along the beveled face and outer face of the lip 12. rlhis plastic joint material may be used in any colors desired to give the color that is wanted at the joint.

rthis process is repeated for the additional bricks until the veneered wall is completed.

ln making the brick the outer tongue 16 should be of a suitable thickness to give the desired 'depth of joint required. ylhe inner tongue 15 should tern'iinate short of the outer tongue 16 as illustrated in Figure 3, so that when the bricks are successively laid, the tongues 16 will conceal the heads of the anchoring devices and the joint between th tongue 13 and the lip 12.

There should also be taken into consideration the necessity for room 'for spreading the joint of plastic material for forming a true expansion joint. The length of the lip 12 and the depth of the rabbet 13 obviously determine the width of the joint between the tongue 16 and the next lower brick.

`While l prefer the form of brick by which the anchoring means will be entirely concealed by the bricks, l desire to cover by my claim any structure in which the anchoring device serves to fasten the veneer brick to the wall whether the anchoring device be so concealed or not.

The thickness of the lip 12 and tongue 15 will be governed by the 'thickness of the brick desired and the strength of the structure to which the veneer is applied.

The bevel of the lip 12 and tongue 15 tends to crowd the brick to the surface to be veneered during the installation.

@n account of the fact that the upper brick overhangs the lower brick and the tongue 15 is beveled, it will be obvious that the upper brick tends to travel down the anchoring member (in this case the nail 17). The upper brick tends to slide toward the wall and also to hold the upper part of the lower brick snugly against the wall.

ln Figures 4, 5 and 6, 1 have shown the third form in which my invention may be embodied. A

ln this form of the invention, there is provided in connection with the wall 19 suitable veneer brick supports indicated generally at A.. These supports A proj ect upwardly and outwardly from the wall. rlhey may be made in different forms.

As here shown, they are preferably made of resilient galvanized sheet metal, and comprise vertical flat port-ions 25, which are secured to the wall by means of nails 26 and have at their upper edges the upwardly and outwardly inclined portions 27. y

These supports A may be nailed to the wall by the carpenter. Suitable forms or gauges may be provided, so that these supports may be properly aligned and spaced.

The veneer brick are then put in place by the brick layer. 1

rEhe preferred form of my veneer brick is indicated generally at B. rlhese are thin brick, such as those already described. Each one has at its lower edge spaced from its outer face a lengthwise groove substantially V-shaped in cross section indicated at 28.

rihe outer face of the groove is preferably vertical and the inner face is inclined from the upper part thereof downwardly and inwardly as shown best in Figure 6.

The portion of the brick adjacent the inner face is extended down below the level of the lower edge adjacent the vertical wall of the groove to form a projecting tongue 29, which is V-shaped in cross section as shown.

At the upper` edge of each brick, there is formed adjacent the outer face thereof a rabbet 30 adjacent which is the upwardly projecting tongue 31, having an outer vertical face and an inner face inclined from its upper edge downwardly and inwardly as shown.

In laying the brick, the lower course is preferably placed on a suitable shoulder or support and is also placed with the tongue 29 between the portion 27 of one of the supports A and the wall. rlhe tongue 29 thus projects upwardly into the groove 28.

The supports A are so spaced that the inclined face of the tongue 31 rests close to the portion 27 of a support A at the upper edge of the brick.

rlhe brick layer can mortar his bricks in the same way as is usually done and there is no need for any tuck pointing. The next course of bricks is staggered with relation to the lower course and is laid as shown for instance in Figure 6.

The brick of the upper course has its tongue 29 received between a member 27 of a support A 'and a wall. rlhe member 27 and the tongue 31 of the lower brick then project into the groove 28 of the upper brick, so that the inclination of the support member 27 tends to cause the bricks to slide in toward the wall and to lock the bricks together adjacent the wall by reason of the fact that the upper brick overlaps the tongue 31 of the lower brick.

The brick layer has nothing to do but to mortar his bricks for making his joints and lay the brick in place. After the placing of the supports A, the brick layer can then do his work without the necessity for using the line plumb bob or rule. This, of course, greatly facilitates the speed with which the brick layer can work.

Corners can be laid in the way already explained.

I have thus provided a structure primarily intended for outside construction by which the brick veneer can be placed quickly, accurately and economically.

In the form of the device shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7 as well as in the form shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the supports, Whether in the form of nails or of the device A are entirely covered by the bricks and are not subjected to the weather eXcept to the most minor extent.

The wall is entirely covered by the bricks, so that there are no mortar joints extending in to the wall.

The use of the somewhat resilient supports A makes it possible to allow for slight variations which are found to occur in laying wall whether in the exact locations of the supports or in the sizes of the brick.

It will, of course be understood that plastic material may be used with either form of brick, and that I have thus provided a truly plastic expansion joint.

My brick are thus securely fastened to the surface to be veneered and at the same time such an expansion joint is provided between brick as will allow for expansion and contraction without any danger of loosening the brick or breaking oints.

It is obvious that I may point up the brick with mortar in the ordinary way or leave what is termed a raked joint.

It will be seen that the structure thus provided can be made entirely waterproof.

The brick veneer provides a useful added heat insulation to the wall on which it is applied. n

It will be seen that I can produce the appearance of an ordinary brick -wall in a Veneered structure which is extremely economical because of the savings in material for making the brick and the saving in the amount of bonding material used because of the thinness of the veneer. There is also a saving in the amount of labor for laying up the brick and a substantial saving in expense of storage, cartage, freight and other handling.

I claim as my invention:

A method of applying brick veneer to the face of a wall, comprising first fastening to the wall vertically spaced rows of supports having resilient members inclined upwardly away from the wall, then springing on each row of supports veneer brick with lower parts received between said members and the wall and parts down hung from the members on the side away from the wall, and having upper parts wedged between the next upper member and down-hung part.

Des Moines, Iowa, November 2S, 1931.

FREDERICK H. ME-IER.

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