US1817157A

US1817157A - Soap frame

Info

Publication number: US1817157A
Application number: US409649A
Authority: US
Inventors: Elmer R Luckow
Original assignee: ALLEN B WRISLEY CO
Current assignee: ALLEN B WRISLEY Co
Priority date: 1929-11-25
Filing date: 1929-11-25
Publication date: 1931-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 1948-08-04

Description

Aug. 4, 1931. E. R. LUCKOW 1,817,157

SOAP FRAME Filed Nov. 25, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 7 [FZYEZW [43F 1 fZmerB. 1154611040? 0 I 5" 5 (I; E.

Aug. 4, 1931. E. R. LUCKOW SOAP FRAME 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 25, 1929 EYE-Z77 =7? ZZmerJQ, .Z aow:

E. R. LUCKOW SOAP FRAME Aug. 4, 1931.

5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Nov. 25, 1929 Evan! 11 lacow;

Patented Aug. 4, 1931 UNrren srA Es PATENT OFFICE ELMER R. LUCKOW, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR IO ALLEN B. VJ'RISLEY 00., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS SOAP FRAME Application filed November 25, 1929. Serial No. 409,649.

Soap is usually made up of a mixture of cocoanut oil or other suitable oil and caustic soda solution in desired proportions, which are mixed together in a crutcher until a permanent emulsion is formed. After the permanent emulsion is formed in the crutchcr, the mixture is run into a soap frame in which a sa 'lonitication reaction takes place and is completed within the frame where the temperature of the mixture rises, due to the chemi cal reaction, causing the soap to expand and gradually cool, with a portion of the formed soap expanding above the top of the frame, at which portion the block of soap usually cracks, thereby providing a waste section at the upper portion of the formed block of soap.

Heretofore, in the manufacture of soap, soap frames have been used of a type consisting of a truck bottom or base upon which removable side and end members are adapted to be assembled and clamped in position upon the bottom truck to afford a housing for the reception of a soap mixture or emulsion received from a crutcher. lVith this type of soap frame, it has been found necessary to obviate leakage by rigidlyclamping the sides and the ends together upon the bottom truck and then caulking up the grooves between the s des, ends and the bottom truck with green soap or the like, which operation requires a considerable length of time and must be very carefully done to insure good results. After saponification has been completed and the block of soap has sufficiently cooled within the soap frame, it is necessary to remove the frame sid s and ends from the soap frame truck bottom and from the block of formed soap. This operation requires that all of the filling inserted in the seams of the frame first be removed, after which it is necessary to strip the side and then the end members of the frame away from the block of soap. In performing this operation, considerable trouble experienced in that the soap adheres'to the side and end members of the frame, thereby necessitating the use of wedges or other cutting devices for cutting or separating the block of soap from the side and end members of the frame. The adhering of the soap to the inner faces of the frame members creates waste areas on the sides and ends of the block of soap, necessitating the cutting down of the block, thereby creating a la go amount of waste material.

To obviate the difiiculties hereinbefore pointed out in the manufacture of soap, this invention has been devised for the purpose of providing an improved soap frame and a method. of treating the interior of certain of the frame members to provide an arrangemcnt whereby the frame housing may be conveniently removed and lifted as a unit off of a block of soap to permit the block of soap to adhere and remain supported upon the soap frame truck bottom and affording an arrangement whereby adhering of the soap to the inner faces of the side and end walls of the soap frame housing is entirely eliminated, thereby materially reducing the waste which is ordinarily encountered and furthermore affording an improved arrangement permitting convenient, rapid removal of the frame unit from a block of soap after a saponification reaction has been'completed and the soap has properly cooled. I

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved method whereby a soap frame housing may be removed as a unit from a block of soap and from the truck bottom supporting the block of soap by coating the inner surfaces of the soap frame housing with an adhesive salt solution prior to dopositing a soap emulsion from a crutcher into the soap frame.

It is also an object of this invention to provide an improved soap frame wherein the inner surface of the members forming the soap frame housing are coated with an adhesive carrying salt solution to prevent the sides of a block of soap from adhering to the inner surfaces of the side and end walls of the soap frame housing, so that, after the soap has been formed and cooled, the housing may be removed as a unit,leaving the block of soap supported on the soap frame bottom.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved soap frame of the port-able type wherein a soap frame housing is adapted to be removably clamped on a soap frame bottom, said housing being upwardly tapered and having the inner surfaces thereof painted with an adhesive carrying salt solution which will have no chemioalreaction with the soap within the soap frame but will act to absorb water from the soap and afford a medium which will permit the tapered housing to be lifted from the soap and from the soap frame bottom. after the completion of the chemical reaction of the soap and the proper cooling of the soap within the soap frame; v

Still anotherobject of the invention is to provide an improved type of soap frame wherein the soap frame bottom or truck has removably supported thereon a soap frame housing and cover, with the inner surfaces of the housing and cover painted with a solution which will adhere to the surfaces'of the housing and cover while the chemical reaction of soap is taking place in the soap frame and permitting the cover and housing to be removed from a block of soap. after the proper formation and coolingthereo'f without any of the soap adhering to he surfaces of the housing and cover when remove It-is a further object ofthisinve'ntion to provide an improved type of portable soap frame'wherein a' tapered unitary soapfraine housing is adapted to be removably clamped on a" soap frame truck bottom and wherein the housing is" provided with a clamped cover, wlth theinner surface of the cover and the inner surfaces of the soap frame housing having a coating. of an a-dheslve carryingsalt solution painted thereon to aiford'an arrangement whereby thebloclr of soap formed within the soap. frame. during the reaction period .of the soap is permitted to slightly expand or bulge the side and end walls of the soapframe housing, but eventually permitting the housing and cover to restrict the shape of the block of soap after the samehas cooled to the original configuration of the interior'of the soap frame to produce a block of soap on the soap frame bottom without waste areas after the soap frame cover and housing have been removedfrom the bottom, due to the coating of the inner walls thereof with the, adhesive carrying salt solution. v

It'is-furthermore an object of this invention to provide an. improved type of portable soap frame wherein the soapfrainetruck bottom has rem'ovably clamped thereon a soap frame housing provided with a removable clamped cover, said housing and cover having the inner surfaces thereof coated with an adhesive carrying salt solution which 1s not affected by the chemical reaction taking place in the soap within the soap frame and permitting the cover and soap frame housing to be removed from the bottom by simply lifting the same off of the block of soap, with the salt solution acting as a means to prevent adherence of the soap to the cover and walls of the housing, leaving the formed blockof soap intact and shaped tocorrespond with the interior of the soap frame, with the bottom surface of the blockof soap adhering to the top surface of the soap frame bottom to hold the block of soap'in position thereon during the mechanical slabbing of the block of soap.

.It is an important object ofthis invention to provide an improved type of portablesoap frame wherein the inner surfaces of a removable soap frame housing are adapted to be painted with an adhesive carrying salt solution which will not react with the soap components or with the material with which the frame is made, and which will act, after the chemical reaction of soap has taken place and the soap has cooled, to. permit the soap frame housing to be readily lifted or removed from the bloclr of soap remaining on the soap frame bottom without permitting any of the soap to adhere to the inner walls of the soap frame housing, to produce a block of soap of a shape wherein the, amount of waste is reduced to a minimum and wherein the time required forthe removal of the housing from the soap frame bottoin is materially reduced as is also the amount of labor required. 7

Other and further important objects of this invention will be apparent from the'disclosures in the specification and accompanydrawings.

The invention (in preferred form) is illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter more fully described.

On thedrawings; M i Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portable soap frame embodying the principles of this invention.

Figure 2 frame.-

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the soap frame .Fig ure is an enlarged fragmentary detailed section taken'on line IV JV of Figure 1, with parts shownin elevation.

Figure 5 is a verticalsectionalfview taken thro the soap frame and illustrating an is anend elevation of the soap average cross-sectional view ,of'the formed block ofsoap, with the expanded waste section at the upperend; V

Flgure 6 1s a vertical sectional view of a modified form of portable soap frame pro- .vided with a clamped cover;

I is a fragmentary side elevational View ofithe upper portion of the modified form of soap frame illustrated in Figure 6.

As shown on the drawings:

The reference numeral 1 indicates a soap frame platform or bottom constructed of wood or other suitable material which is supported on truck wheels 2 to provide a portable soap frame bottom. The platform or frame bottom 1 is provided with a pcripheral groove 3 in the upper portion thereof. Removably secured in the outer portion of the peripheral groove 3 by means of countersunk screws 4 or the like are a plurality of spaced retaining blocks 5 having inclined inner surfaces 6, as illustrated in Figure 4, which are spaced from the inclined surfaces 7 of the groove 3 to afford dovetailed grooves in the top surface of the soap frame bottom for the reception of lead or soft metal dovetailed cross-sectioned bars 8 having smooth, level top surfaces positioned a short distance below the top level of the soap frame bottom and the retaining blocks 5, as clearly illustrated in Figure 4. The side and end margins of the soap frame bottom 1 are provided with a plurality of notches 9 with which the ends of the retaining blOCl-IS 5 register to afford notches or openings around the soapframe bottom, as clearly illustrated in Figure 3.

Removably seated upon the lead or soft metal bars 8 of the soap frame bottom are the lower tapered or chamfered edges 10 of the side walls 11 and end walls 12 which are integrally connected to form a continuous sheet steel upwardly tapered soap frame housing having rigidly secured peripherally thereon at different elevations a plurality of reinforcing angle iron ribs 13. Rigidly secured to the upper section of the soap frame housing between the two upper reinforcing ribs 13 are a plurality of spaced reinforcing auxiliary angle bars or braces 14 to strengthen the upper portion of the soap frame housing to facilitate removal of the same from thesoap frame bottom, as hereinafter more fully described. The sheet metal soap frame housing is constructed so that the side and end walls thereof are integrally connected and continuous, and said walls are slightly inclined upwardly toward one another to afford a tapered hood or housing adapted to be handled as a unit. The outwardly projecting or horizontal flange of the lowermost reinforcing rib 13 is provided with a plurality of spaced openings 15 (Fig. 4)

through which a plurality of swingable clamping bolts 16 are engaged. The clamping bolts 16, when the nuts thereof are loosened, are adapted to be swung inwardly to engage through the notches 9 of, the soap frame bottom, after which the nuts on the bolts are adapted to be tightened, to cause the soap frame housing to be pulled downwardly and tightly clamped in position with the lower tapered edges 10 of the soap frame side and end walls seating or cutting into the top surface of the lead or soft metal bars 8 to afford a liquid-tight or non-leakable joint between the lower edges of the soap frame housing and the soap frame bottom. \Vhile clamping bolts are illustrated and described as used for the purpose of clamping the soap frame housing on the soap frame bottom, it will, of course, be understood that any other desired type of clamping means may be used for the purpose of securing the soap frame housing in position on the soap frame bottom.

The improved soap frame is constructed to receive a mixture of soap forming ingredients in required proportions which have been thoroughly mixed in a crutcher until a permanent soap emulsion is formed. The permanent emulsion which is deposited in the soap frame is permitted to have a saponification reaction take place within the frame where the temperature of the mixture rises, due to the chemical reaction, causing the soap mixture to expand above the top end of the soap frame housing, as illustrated in Figure 5, with the projecting section or portion adapted to crack during the cooling action of the soap. During the cooling action of the emulsion within the soap frame, the block of soap which is gradually being formed has a tendency to shrink away from the side and end walls of the housing to provide slightly concave surfaces 17 similar to the exaggerated showing in Figure lVhen the block of soap is finally cooled and formed, these concave surfaces are reduced and again approach the inner surfaces of the soap frame housing.

To permit the use of the improved tapered soap frame housing so that the same may be removed from the soap frame bottom as a unit, the inner surfaces of the soap frame housing are adapted to bc painted or covered with a solution which will not react with the soap components or with the material of which the frame is made.

The solution used in painting the inner sur 1 faces of the walls of the soap frame housing is a non-saponifiable mixture, the component parts of which will not react with the materials forming the soap emulsion. This solution is provided with quantity of glue or other suitable adhesive material such as dextrine, gelatin or a gum which are not affected by salt.

A satisfactory solution or mixture for painting the inner surfaces of the soap frame housing is obtainable by using a mixture consisting of:

Kilograms Water 8.0 Glue (sizing) 3.5 Salt 3.5 Tri-sodium phosphate 0.5 .A.lcoliol 0.5 Glycerine 1.0

In the above mixture, the glue may be any adhesive material, such as dextrine, gelatin or gum, which is not affected by salt. The purpose of supplying the glue to the mixture is to'afford a means for firmlyholding the salt solution on the inner surfaces of the soap frame housing during the filling of the soap frame with a soap emulsion and during the chemical react-ion which takes place in the soap emulsion while it is permitted to remain inthe soap, frame to form a block of soap. The salt solution provided on the inner sur- 7 faces of the soap frame housing also affords furthermore permits the curved or concave surfaces to again expand outwardly after the chemical reaction period and atthe end of the cooling period of the soap, so that the block of soap in its final form is substantially.

the same, as the shape ofthe interior of the soap frame with a portion of the soap proeCting upwardly above the top of the same to form the cracked section 'or portion 18 which .is eventually adapted to be cut or sliced OK at the top of the blockof soap when the same is-finally passed through a slabbing or cutting machine. The salt used in the solution for painting the inner surfaces of the soap frame housing may be sodium chloride orany other salt'or electrolyte which will not react with the soap components or with the material of which the frame is constructed.

The salt solution is adapted to be applied orpainted on the inner surfaces of the soap frame housing to afford a lining or coating 19 of non-saponifiable material to which the soap will not adhere.

'Attentionis also called. to the fact that, in the salt solution used, any other alkaline salt may be used in place of the tri-sodium )hos ohate such as soda ash.

' It has also been found that solutions or 3 mixtures of unsaponifiable or slowly. saponifiable fats and waxesmay be used with varying degrees of success. These fats andwaxes "I maybeuse'd as mixtures or as simple single oils. A mixture whichcan be used is com-- posed of Vaseline, mineral oil and paraffin.

Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a modified form soap frame in which the soap frame bottom and the housing areconstructed substantially the same as the bottom and housing illustrated and described in connection with Figures 1 to 5, inclusive, and similar reference numerals for like parts are, therefore, used. In this form of the device, the removable housing is provided with a steel coverplate 20 having afwood backing 21. The cover is adapted to be inserted inthe upper end of the soap frame housing and is adapted to be engaged by clamping bolts 22 which are carried by clamping straps or bars 23, the ends of which are curled or hookshapedto permit the same to be engaged beneath the horizontal flanges of the upper re inforcing ribs 13, as clearly illustrated in Figure -6. This arrangement permits the screws 22 to be tightened to move the cover downwardly against the top surface of the block of soap 2 f within the soap frame.

When the cover 21 isremoved from the soap frame housing, the inner surfaces of the side and end walls of the soap frame housing are coated or painted with the salt solution, the glue contained in the same causing the solution to adhere to the inner surfaces of the soap frame housing to provide a lining or coating 19. 1 a

A permanent soap emulsion from a crutcher is now adapted to be deposited in the soap frame housing which is clamped in position on the soap frame bottom, andthe saponification reaction is permitted to take. place until the soap emulsion has become sufficiently thick or; consistent to support the cover 21. Before the cover isinserted into the upper end of the soap frame housing, the bottom surfaceof the metal cover plate 20 is provided witha coating or lining of saltsolution 25 to prevent the soap from adhering to the cover. The clamping bars 23 are next engaged in position on the top ribs 13- of the soap frame housing and the clamping screws 22 aretightened to lower the cover into compression engagement withthe top surface of the soap within the soap frame housing.

The saponification reaction is adapted to a be completed in the soap frame, and, in view of the use. of the cover arrangement, the

rising temperature of the mixture and the expansion thereof acts toshghtly bulge the side and end walls of the soap frame housing outwardly similar to the showing illustrated vin Figure 6. After the saponification reaction has been completed and the formed block of soap has cooled off, the soap contracts an amount sufficient to permit the side and endwalls of'the soap frame housing to move back into their normal positionsso that the block of soap which'is finally formed is of substantiallythe same shape. as the interior of the covered soap frame housing.

' Nith this improved arrangement, there is no waste-crackecl'area formed at the top of the block of soap nor are there any waste hollow areas formed at the sides or the ends of the block of soap, so that waste is eli1nimoved through a slabbing machine to be cutinto slabs, bars or the likewith a minimum of waste. 7

After the soap has been formed in the soap frame housing and is prop rly cooled, the

clamping devices

22 and 23 are removed from the top of the housing and the cover is lifted off of the top of the block of soap. This is done without any of the soap adhering to the cover, in view of the fact that the under surface of the cover has been coated with covering of the salt solution hereinbefore described. After the cover has been removed, lifting mechanisms of any desired type may be applied to the upper portion of the soap frame housing and the entire soap frame housing may be lifted as a unit upwardly off of the block of soap, due to the fact that the inner surfaces of the housing have been painted with a coating of the saltsolution. The block of soap remains securely upon the soap frame bottom 1 for the reason that the soap frame bottom upper surface is not coated with the salt solution. The lifting of the soap frame housing is, of course, done after the clamping bolts 16 have been released and swung out of engagement with the soap frame bottom.

While a unitary type of soap frame housing has been illustrated and described, with or without a clamping cover, will, of course, be understood that the improved method permitting release of the soap frame housing from a block of soap by coating the inner surfaces of the housing with a salt solution of the type described may be applied to soap frames of the old type comprising the removable sides and ends, as well as to any other desired forms of soap frames. The improved method provides a convenient and rapid method whereby the saponification operation in the manufacture of soap may be accomplished with a material saving in time and labor and with a substantial reduction in the amount of waste soap produced.

It will, of course, be understood that many details of construction and many changes in the composition of the salt solution used may be made without departing from the principles of this invention, and it is, therefore, not purposed to limit the patent granted hereon otherwise than necessitated by the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A soap frame comprising a truck bottom, a housing having inclined walls removably supported thereon, and acoating of nonsaponitiable mat r'al applied to the inner surfaces of said housing to obviate the adhercnee of soap to said housing.

2. The combination with a tapered soap frame, of a coating for the inner surfaces of the Walls of the soap frame adapted to obviate the adherence of soap to the soap frame to facilitate removal of the walls of the soap frame without damage to the block of soap formed within the soap frame.

3. The combination with a soap frame bottom, of a tapered soap farme housing engaged thereon and having the inner surf; ces thereof coated with an adhesive carrying salt solution.

l. A soap frame Conn arising a soap frame bottom, a tapered soap frame hens 1g thereon, moans f r clamping the soap frame housing in po ion on said bottom, a cover for removable insertion in said soap frame housing, means for removably clamping the cover in position, and a covering for the inner surfaces of the walls of said housing and the inner surface of said cover, said covering consisting of a non-saponitiable mixture adapted to obviate the adherence of soap to the inner surfaces of the soap frame housing and the soap frame cover.

5. The combination with a soap frame bot-tom, of a soap frame housing adapted to be removably clamped thereon, said housing having inclined walls and a coating of a salt solution applied to the inner surfaces thereof to obviate the adherence of soap to said surfaces.

6. A soap frame comprising a soap frame bottom having a groove in the top thereof,

soft metal bars laid in said groove, a soap 1;

frame housing having the lower edges there of chamfered and seated on said soft metal bars, and means for clamping the soap frame housing to the soap frame bottom to cause the chamfered lower edges of the soap frame i housing to cut into said soft metal. bars to form a non-leakable oint between the housing and said bottom.

7. A soap frame con'iprising a portable H soap frame bottom having a peripheral groove therein, soft metal bars s ated in said groove, clamping members rigidly secured to said bottom for securely holding said soft metal bars in place, a soap frame housing,

and means for clamping the soap frame housing to said bottom with the lower edges of the housing engaging said bars to form nonleakable joints between the housing and said bottom.

8. A soap frame comprising a soap frame bottom having a groove therein, a soft metal frame inlaid therein, a soap frame housing having knife blade edges at the lower end thereof adapted to seat on said soft metal inlaid frame, and clamping means for cl'ainping the soap frame housing on said soap frame bottom with the knife blade edges of the housing cutting into the soft metal inlaid frame to form a leakproof joint between the frame and said bottom.

9. A soap frame comprising a portable bottom having a peripheral groove therein. a soft metal frame seated in said groove, a plurality of clamping blocks rigidly secured to said bottom for clamping said soft metal.

' 55 housing and said bottom.

frame inposition a unitary soap frame hous- I ing having a cutting edge at the lower end thereof adapted to seat on said soft metal frame, a coating of an adhesive carrying salt solution painted on the inner surfaces of said soap frame housing to obviate adherence of soap thereto, and clamping means between said housing and said bottom for tightly clamping the housing with the knife blade lower edge thereof cutting into the soft metal frame to provide a tight no-n-leakable joint between the housing and said bottom.

10. A soap frame comprising a portable bottom, a tapered unitary housing supported on said bottom, and means for clamping the tapered unitary housing on said bottom to cause the housing to interfit with the bottom and form a non-leakable joint. between the housing and said bottom.

1 1. A soap frame comprising a bottom, a housing mounted thereon and comprising continuous integrally connected inclined side and end walls, and means for clamping "the housing-on said bottom to provide a nonleakable joint'between the housing and the bottom. r Y

12. A soap frame comprising a bottom having. notches in the margins thereof, a housing supported on said bottom and comprising continuous integrally connected in-- clined' side and end walls, and clamping members carried by said housing and. adapted to be engaged in'the notches of said bottom and tightened to hold the housing clamped in position upon the bottom to pro: vide a non-leaking jo nt between the housing and the bottom 13. The combination with tapered soap frame housing, of a salt solution painted on the inner surfaces of the housing. and means in the salt solution for causing the same to adhere to the walls of the housing toobviate adherence of soap to the walls of the housing and to facilitate removal of the tapered housing from the soap after the completion of the soap formmg process.

14. A soap frame comprising a bottom, a

' tapered housing supported thereon and havmg the inner surfaces thereof covered with a coatingof, an adhesive carrying non-saponifiable salt solution, and means for clamping the tapered housing on said bottom to T cause the housing to interfit with the bottom and form a non-leakable joint between the 15. A soap frame comprising a bottom, a

. tapered housing supported thereon and hav- 0.5 kilograms and glycerine 1.0 kilograms.

In testimonywhereof I have hereunto subscribed my name at Chicago, Cook county,

Illinois.

' ELMER R. LUCKOWV.