US1617236A - Portable radio receiving set - Google Patents

Description

Feb. s, 1927.

H. CSANYI POR-TABLE RADIO RECEIVING SET Filed Deo. '7l 1922 H yf ,7 M

' IIE,

/N VEN TOR Paieisar'en a; 1927.

HENRY-Ceann, or NEW Yonx, 'n'. Y.

PORTABLE RADIO RECEIVING SET.

Application led December This invention relates toa radio receiving apparatus, and more particularly to a hand- '-portable radio receiver unit especially designed for broadcasting reception; and has special reference to the provision of a combined unitary radio receiving set and telephone receiver.

A principal object of my present invention comprehends the provision of a radio receiving apparatus built into a compact and unitary organization on the style of the ordinary telephone receiverfand operable when connected to an antenna for eiliciently receiving radio telephonie energy.

In the construction and-design of a complete radio receiving outt adapted to be carried in'the hand and applied to the ear after the fashion ofthe ordinary telephone receiver, a number of problems present themselves for consideration, upon the successful solution of which largely depend t-he Workability and eliiciency of the radio receiving unit. The receiver unit in being hand-portable and of a size comparable /with the common telephone` receiver, must comprise but a fewparts compactly organized and eliiciently coordinated. To minimize bulk, it is desirable to'avoid the use of all energy sources in the receiving set such as 33 batteries, and the parts of the radio outfit must be so selected and arrangedmsto per niit`of efficient reception'of incoming radio f impulses, with the production of strong audible impulses Without the use ofy such energy at the incoming station. It is also highly desirable to overcome such disturbing influences as the proximity of grounded bodiessuch as the presence of the users o hand in holding the receiver unit or the desiderata in the production of an apparatus of this nature are the provision of a .unit

which is substantially free from accidental derangement or setting disturbanceywhich is rugged so as' to withstand rough usage, and vwhich is constructed in a lmanner to be quickly disassembled for purposes ofreplacement and re air, with'parts standardized to ,permit rapi and inexpensive re lacement'. My present -invention comprehen s the provision of a portable and. unitary receiving set in which these featuresare --present in a high degree and are combined in an ecient' manner. to effect a workable apparatus 55 capable of eilicient radio reception.'

users head` to which it is applied.' Other- 7, 1922. serial No. 605,462.

To provide a compact hand-carried set, l have found it desirable to combine with1 va .telephone receiver such radio. receiving parts as a tuning coil, a detector, and if desired a condenser, all'connected in a simplified circuit. A common objection to a simplified receiving set of this nature is v,that the set is not sensitive enoughfor receiving the relatively Weak impulses intercepted by an antenna. I have found after extensive experi-mentation that this objection may be successfully7 overcome, and that the receiver parts ma be so co-ordinated andrelatively associate as to produce a unit which vsensitively responds to incoming radio impulses such as Vare transmitted from radio broadcasting stations; and one of the principal objects of my invention comprhends the provision `of a receiving apparatus which is efectively responsive to relatively weak radio frequency energyfor producing strong .audible impulses. .y

It is Well known that the tuning of a radio set is greatly influenced by proximate grounded bodies, and is detrimentally disturbed by the change in position vor location of such grounded: bodies, the tuning being.` I

largely influenced, for example, by themovement of such objects `as the hand' or body -of the operator. This is especially the case where-the entire set isv carriedrinthe hand .of the operator, and for the successful operation of a hand-carried radio receiver the effect of ground bodies must be largely eliminated. The provision of an apparatus of this nature which is substantially free from ground influences., of this kindl is another principal object of my present invention. f

Themore speciic'objects of'my present invention may be said to include, besides the provision of a unitary hand-portable apparatus having the characteristics above re' ferred to the further provision of a. handcarred radio receiving unit in which the telephone. Icoil, the tuning coil and the detector are coaxially. arranged with the de` tector disposed within the tuning coil land arranged soas toy be induenced uniformly by the magnetic field thereof; the further provision of a. unit of this nature inwhich all the parts ofthe receiver are'contained inl a casing, this casing functioning as 'an electrostatic. shield for the parts of the ap' Aparatu'sct'ntafinectherem.;v lthe further profvvisionof a unit ofthis nature in which the vision of a crystal detector unit constructed so as to ipermit quick detachment and replaceability thereof; the further provision of a novel crystal detector plug; eral provision of a receiving outfit comprising few parts combined in a simple way to produce a unit manu cturable at a loW cost and saleable at a moderate figure.

Another object is the provision of --a construction wherein the detector contact or catis Whisker is so arranged and of a character such that the magnet acts upon the contact in the manner of an interrupter.-

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and such other objects as may hereinafter appear, my invention consists in the elements and their relation one to the other, as hereinafter particularly described and sought to be defined in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings showing pre.- ferred embodiments of my invention, and in which:

Fig..1 is a cross-sectional view of the com- .plete radio receiving unit.

Fig. 2 is a rear elevational view thereof,

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 3 3, Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view thereof on the line 4 4, Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a wiring diagrammatic View showing the electrical connection of the parts and the manner of connecting the same for radio energy reception, and

Fig. 6 is a wiring diagrammatic view showing a modification thereof.

Referring now more in detail to the drawings, the radio receiving unit of my invention preferably comprises a telephone receiver 'A which may include-a plurality of telephone coils 10 and a diaphragm-11, a tunlng coil B, and a detector such as a crystal detector C, all carried by and housed within a casing 12, the telephone receiver A being located at one end of the casing and the tuning coil B and detector C being lo-4 cated within vand at the 'opposite end of the said "casing, the casingy 12 being externally threaded at one end, asat 13, for receiving the correspondingly threaded cap 14 of the type commonly employed with telephone receivers. l

The telephone receiver A in the preferred construction includes the plurality of receivin coils 10 carried by the core pieces 15 which are secured tothe arcuate members 16'by the securing means such as 17, these. arcuate members being attached to an emma and the geni terasse lar member 18 by the' securing yelementl), y

the lsaid annular' member being receivable by an annular recess 20 provided in the front interitted as to permit the positionin of the diaphragm 11 adjacent the pole grecs of the cores of the telephone receiver, with the parts clamped in position by the mountinof the ca 14 on the casin 12.

s hereto ore mentioned, have found -afterconsiderable experimentation vthat thev parts of the receiving set maybe so4 co-A related as to produce a unit which sensitively responds to incoming radio frequency impulses such as are transmitted from radio broadcasting. stations. More specifically. l have found thatv the tuning coil B and the detector C may( be so relatively disposed within the casing 12 as to effect the strengthening of the audible impulses pro duced, this resultv being achieved by the disposing of the detector C longitudinally within the tuning coil B and influenced by the magnetic field thereof, these parts being preferably co-axially arranged at the rear end of the casing 12. ln the vpreferred construction the tuning coil B comprises a multi-layer coil 21 as'clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, wound upon a spool body 22k of insulating material, detector C' being disposed longitudinally within the magnetic field of said coil and being arend of the casing 12, and these parts are so 'A ranged coaXially therewith so as to form the core thereof. Desirably the tuning coil B and the detector C are arranged coaxially with the telephone receiving coils 10, as is clearly shown in the drawings. By the provision of this arrangement, it has been found that the sound impulses may be materially strengthened soas to eect a more sensitively responding receiving unit.

The detector C in the preferred construction lcomprises a crystal detector providing acrystal such as 23, which may for example be a crystal of iron pyrites,v and a detector contact or point 24 cooperating A therewith, the crystal and point being so co-ordinated as to minimize the possibility of accidental displacement of the parts after the same have been set in a given position in the assembling thereof. In the assembling of the crystal parts, a point of the crystal is selectedwhich yields the best results, and-a'desideratum of thepresent invention includes the provision of a construc tion in which the accidental relative disl lacement of the detector parts is effectively prevented so that the selected point will remain substantially the same under all conditions of service to which the receivino` unit is subjected.` A further desired end 1n the construction of the crystal detector is' the revision of a detector unit which besides ing free from mishandling, is capable of quie detachment from the receiving unit -for purposes of. repair or replacement. To these ends, the crystal detector of my invention comprises, a separable plug includs ing an insulating plug body provided at one end with a recess 26 housing the crystal 23, the said recess being' closed by a threadedmember 27 contacting the crystal 23, andi provided at the other end with a re-l cess 28 housing the flexible part of the contact 24, the said recess being closed by a lthreaded member 29 to vvhich the said contact 24 is electrically connected, the said plug body being further provided with Va constricted openingl30 vconnecting the two recesses 26 and 28, the constricted opening being designed vto minimize any vibration of the contact 24 so as to prevent displacement thereof and derangementof the Contact point selected, While permitting an initial. setting in theassembling thereof. The plu" body 25 and the end threaded `members 2 and 29 comprise a housing for the detector parts, the Whole forming a plug unit whichk is quickly separable and replaceable' in the.

2 receiver unit, as will appear morefin detail hereinafter.

As heretofore mentioned, for the purpose of preventing any interference With the tuning of the receiving set such as'result's from the change in position of proximate ground- -I ed bodies, my invention includes the provi'- sion of means vfor electrostatically shielding the parts of the receiving unit so that the unit may be carried in the hand of the user and maybe tuned without ground disturbances. To this end the casing 12 comprises a metallic casing, and the parts of the unit? are so connected to the metallic casing asq to be electrostatically shielded thereby.V This" b may be accomplished as shown in the drawings by-making the casing 12 the ground terminal of the receiving set and appropriately connecting the parts of the set thereto. For connecting the' parts as desired, I provide a metallic plate'30 which is'connect- I ed to the insulating coil body 22 by means ofy the securing elements 'such as 31, the said metallic plate being electrically connected to one terminal of' the telephone coils 10 by means of a lconductor 32- connecting 4a 'seycuring means 31 to a binding-post 32u insnlatablyl ixed on the annularmember v18 carrying the telephone coils, to which binding post 'one of the terminals of the coils 10.

is connected as shown in Fig. 3'of the .draw-.f ings. The metallic plate 30 forms one terminal of the crystal detector C, the. threaded'4 member 27 being to this end threadedly re- 60"ceived by a central tapped bore 33 Qin, the

said plate. The other terminal of the crys-l tal detector C is electrically connected to the metallic casing 12 by means of the-cap -34 which is threadedly received 'by the casing 12 and which contacts'the threaded terminal 29 ofthe detector plug. The multi-layer tunlto the antenna and ground are diagraming Coil 2i is Similarly countered #nl @naar to the ground casing 12, one end of the v tuning coil being connected by Ameans of a conductor 35 to aconductor 36 `connected to 'the binding post 37/which in turn'i's connect-` the tuning coi1u21 beingv` connected to the casing 12 by' means of a 'movable arm 38 electrically connected at its pivot 39 to themetallic/casing 12'and movable over a plurality of spacedjpoints of the coi1'721 as will be described diagramlnaticallyv hereinafter, the plurality of. taps being provided for tuning purposes, the winding of the coil and the arrangement of the taps being so designed as to permit adjustment for the wave lengths of 360', l400 and 450 meters usually employed in broadcasting transmission; r

For, connecting the set for radio reception, the conductor 36 leading from thev binding post 37,'is connected to an aerial, and a conductor 41 which is electrically .connected to the casing 12 by means, for example, of the screvv 42, yi'sconnected to some suitable ground'.

The electrical connections' between thereceiver parts and the connection of the same matically illustrated in Fig. 5 of thc-drawings;y Referring to Fig. 5 the antenna A is shown connected by means of a conductor- 42a tothe tuning coil 21 bymeans of theconductors. 36 and 35;, spaced lpoints of said tuning coil beingnnected as by means of 190 conductors 43, 43"V and '43, 'to' the insulated buttons ortaps 40,.and 40, the taps being selectively connected .to the casin0r 12v y means of the movablearm 38', the said casing being-'connected 'togrond G by means of fthe"cenducto'r 41'; It will be further seen byreference to this' figure that the tele- -ph'onejcoil and the crystal detector are\con nected v.jin series. across ,the antenna and cally' shown in Fig. 6Fof the drawing, and

having .reference to, this figure whichdia-4 grainlnati'ca'llyfv showsA the receiver parts conncted to vtheantenna Af and .groundv G in a manner similar to thediagra'mmatic showing of Fig. 5', I show the provision .of the conductors or leads45sail1d 46 cannet-redt() 130 the conductors 32T' and-35- respecti.vely,l the ed to the receiver coils 10, the other end of, Q.

75, insulated taps 40240" and 440", connected to A 'd v'said conductors being attachable to an auxilnected across the terminals of the coil 10 by means of the conductors 49 and 50.

ln addition to providing a compactportable arrangement, the placing of the detector contact in the magnetic field in the manner specied `provides that the induction from the magnet will act in the manner of an interrupter, giving a polarization on the same principle as the coherer. As shown,

the detector contact has a coil, which is at the axis of the magnet. rlhis coil is a secondary with the magnet coil as a primary, and the magnetic induction provides vibration. While this vibration is very fine, detectable only with a milli-ampere meter it .produces a higher rectification curve, and a steady rectification on the same point, so that 1t is not' necessary to change the crystal point. i

Referring tok Figures 1, 5 and 6, it will be noticed that the coil in the detector contact is at the axis of the magnet coil..-

The manner of making and using my portable radio receiving set will in the main be apparent from the above detailed description thereof. ln the assembling of the parts the tuning coil and its mounting B carrying the plate 30 is inserted into the casing l2 and positioned at the innr end thereof,

- plus after which the telephone receiver A and its mounting with the terminals of the telephone coil ap ropriatelyI electrically ,connected to the p` ate 30 and the tuning coil 21 is iitted into the front end of the casing .-12 :and clamped in position b the mounting of the #ea 14min the saidv casing. The detector of the casing 12 by rotatin the same, the

4threaded Umember 27 `thereo being received by the plate 30, after which the cap 34 is threadedly inserted in the rear wall of thecasing v12 into contacting position with the detectorlug.. The apparatus may then be connected) vto an antenna and ground as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawin s, and may be adjusted within the 'range o broadcasting transmission b loperation of the arm 38. If the detector p ug is desired to be removed for repair or replacement, the cap 34 .may

be unscrewed and the plu ,C removed as a' unit from the plate 30.

l he, telephone receiver coils and the tuning coil may be likemay then be inserted from the rear -V terasse the front cap 14 tor any desired repair or replacement. While l have shown my device in the prelferred iorms, it will be obvious that many changes and modifications may be made 1n the structure disclosed, without departing from the spirit of the invention, dened in the following claims.

'l claim: i

l. A unitary and hand portable radio re-x ceiving set, comprising a telephone receiver with its coil and diaphragm, a tuning coil disposed adjacent the receiver coil, and a ixed crystal detector including a crystal and a detector contact cooperating therewith and arran ed at the axis ofl the tuning coil.

2. A unitary and hand portable radio receiving set, comprising a telephone receiver with its coil and diaphragm, a tuning coil disposedy adjacent the receiver coil, and a fixed crystal detector including a crystal and a detector contact cooperating therewith and arrangedv at theaxis of the tuning coil,

the detector contactshaving a coil in theV length thereof. v

3. A unitary and hand portable radio receiving set, comprising a telephone receiver with' its coil and diaphragm, a tuning coil disposed adjacent the receiver coil, and a fixed vcrystal detector including v a crystal and a detector contact cooperating therewith and arranged at the axis of the tuning coil, f

the detector contact havin a coil in the length thereof, and a meta 'c casing housing the parts, the detector having one terminal electricallyconnected to the receiver coil and the other tothe casing, the casing forming a connection for ground and an electrostatic shield for the receiving set.

4. A unitary and hand portable radio receiving set, comprising a telephone receiver with its coil and diaphragm, a tuning coil disposed adiacenti the. receiver coil, and a xed crysta detector. including a crystal .and a detector contact cooperating therewith and arranged at the axis of the tuning coil,

the detector contact having a coil in the length thereof, the plug having a restricted passage throu h whichthe end of the contact between t e tuning coil'fand the crystal extends to limit vibration and prevent displacement of the contact point.

Signed at New York city in the countyof York and State of NewYork'this 29thv D. 1922.' f HENRY CSANYI.v

New day of November A.

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