US1586570A

US1586570A - Signaling system

Info

Publication number: US1586570A
Application number: US585356A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harold W Nichols
Original assignee: Western Electric Co Inc
Current assignee: AT&T Corp
Priority date: 1922-08-31
Filing date: 1922-08-31
Publication date: 1926-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 1943-06-01

Description

Jime' 1 ,"1926. 1,586,570

' v H. W. NICHOLS SIGNALING SYSTEM Filed August 31, 1922 /m enfon fiaro/d W A/fcho/sz Patentedi June 1 1926.

HAROLD W. NICHOLS, OF L IAPLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB'TO WESTERN ELEC- rmc contrary, mcoaronarnn,

xonx.

01 NEW YORK, N. Y., A

CORPORATION OF NEW BIGNLLING SYSTEM.

Application mum-t a1, 1922. surmise. 585,350. f

This invention relates .to signaling systems'and in connection with the high speedsignalm g systems, such as telegraph s stems.

An object of the invention is the provisionof means responsive to line current chan es for producing in a local circuit a uniirectional current irrespective. of the .ings are polarity of the line current impulses.

In accordancewith the above and other objects, the present invention (provides a pair of magneticallycontrolled evices responsive to line current changes for producing inia local circuit including auxiliary con trolled meansa 'llIll-dll'GCtlOIlfll polarizing current irrespective of the clarity of the line current impulse. Specifically, the invention provides a normally unpolarized relay having an operating windin'gand n agnetizing windings to control its operation.

In order to permit the operation of the relay in conjunction withta low impedance signaling circuit over which it is desirable to transmit the signaling, impulsesat 'an extremely high speed, the magnetizing windconnected in circuit with a pair of magnetically controlled vacuum tubes.

' Each tube consists of an evacuated envelope containing an electron emitting cathode and an anode, and provided with means for generating a magnetic field, whichnormally prevents or reduces between the cathode and anode. Each tube is provided with a control magnetizing winding connected to receive current from the sigualingconductor over which the impulses are to be transmitted. The control windings are'oppositely connected to the-line and respond to current changes of opposite po-' larity for permitting cathode anode current to flow through the magnetizing windings of the relay. The current through the magnetizing windings will be in the same direction irrespective of the character of the impulse impressed on the operating windingi' The operating winding of the relay is connected 111 series with the line and the armature is' attracted to one or the other of the poles according to the polarity of the signals. This provides a very sensitive relay arrangement readily adaptable to low impedance circuits.

particularly to apparatus for use to a low Value the current Referrin to the drawing, V Fig. 1 ilustrates schematically one embodiment of the invention;

1F1g(i '2 shows the type of vacuum tube em- In Fig. lthere isshown a relay having a soft iron magnetic core 6, which has ole pieces "7 and 8 supporting magnetizing windings 9 and 10. These magnetizing windings 9 and 10 are connected in series. on a projecting portion of the magnetic core 6' is an armature 11 adapted to swing between the pole pieces 7 and 8 In order that the armature 11 will, after each operation, be restored to its central or neutral position, a retractile spring 12 is connected to one end of armature 11. Operating winding 13 is adapted to magnetize thearmature 11 so that it may be attracted by either pole piece 7 or 8 depending upon its pola-ri y.

In the drawing, tubes are represented-by the same reference characters with the prime indices added. Connected in circuit withthe malgnetizing windings 9 and 10 are two vacuum tubes 1-1 and the anode 20. The coil 22 oftube 14 i and coil 22' of tube 15 are supplied with current from a battery 24 for providin a constant-flux through these coils. The ux produced by current in

coils

22 and 22 is preferably of such a value as to I prevent the flow of current through the tubes so that the current in the output circuits is substantially zero. Coils 25 -and25 of

tubes

14 and 15, respectively, are connected differentially across a pair of

line conductors

28 and 29. For driving electrons from the heated cathodes these electrodes.

The type of vacuum tube present invention is controlled by current changes,- being similar tothat disclosed in like parts of the vacuum the tubes is pro-- of magnetic coils 22 and; the glass vessel for en normally 16 and 16 to the

anodes

20 and 20,3a battery '27 isconnected between Pivoted employed in the a distant station where they may terminate in the contacts of a transmitting key 30. hen the key 30 is in its normal position, or the position shown inthe drawing, battery 31 is disconnected-from the line conductors, and consequently no current flows in either the operating winding 13 or the magnetizing windings 9 and 10 of the relay structure. However, if key 30. is operated in a manner whereby conductor 28 is made positive while the conductor 29 is made negative, the field produced by coil 25 or the vacuum tube structure 14: will neutralize that of coil 22 and allowv current to flow from the filament or cathode 16 to the'anode 20 of the. vacuum tube 14: and thus through the magnetizing windings 9 and 10 in series. When the polarity of the line is reversed, that is, the key is operated to make .the l ne conductor 28 negative and the .ture. 11 will swing toward the pole piece 8' line conductor 29 positive, the direction of the current in, operating winding 13 will be reversed, but coil. 25' in this case will 0ppose the operation of coil 22 of the vacuum tube 15, thereby-allowing current to flow throughthemagnetizing windings 9 and 10 Bin the same direction as before, but through the 1 other vacuum tube.

When current is allowed to flow throu'gh thelmagetizing windings 9 and 10, the armawhen a posi ive impulse is impressed on the line conductors, and will swing in the opposite direction when a negative impulse is transmitted.

'Although the invention has been 'i-llustrated in conjunction with a particular circuit, it is obvious that changes may be made without departing-from the scope of v the appended claims.

The invention claimed is:

1. A slgnaling system compr1s1ng'atransmission l-1ne,a magnetic winding connected to said line, an electron discharge device operating substantially without gas ionization located in the magnetic field of said wind ing, said field serving to control the discharge of electrons in said*device,an'output circuit forsaid device and a-receiving device in said output circuit responsive to current flowing therein.

2." In combination, an electron discharge device comprising current carrying means for controlling the discharge therethrough, circuit connection for supplying current impulses to said current carrying means, an output circuit for said-discharge device in which uni-directional magnetizing currents are generated, and a receiving device in said output circuit responsive to the current impulses in sald circuit connections and the unidirectional magnetizing currents supfflux, a second winding for setting up a field of flux, an electron discharge device located in said fields, the flux of said second field serving normally to prevent the discharge of electrons, said first field serving to overcome the second field to permit'the discharge of electrons, an output circuit for said device, and a receiving mechanism in said output circuit responsive .to current flowing therein. A. In combination, a source of electrical impulses of opposite polarity, a pair of magnetically controlled electron discharge devices operating substantially without gas ionization, input circuits for each of said devices, circuit connections for connecting said circuits differentially across said source, and an output circuit for each of said devices having a branch in which impulses are unidirectionally repeated.

5. In combination, a source of electrical impulses of opposite polarity, a pair of mag.- netic'ally controlled electron discharge devices. operating substantially without gas vacuum tubes consisting of an evacuated envelope, a cathode and a cylindrical anode, provided with means for magnetically'controlling the passage of electrons from the cathode to the anode, an input circuit for each of said tubes, circuit connections for connecting said input circuits differentially across said source, a relay having operating and magnetizing windings, said operating winding being serially connected with said source and the .input circuits, while said magnetizing windings are associated with the output circuit of said vacuum tubes, and circuit connections whereby uni-directional impulses are repeated from' said vacuum tubes to said magnetizing windings.

7. In a signaling system, a signaling circuit, a source of electrical impulses of opposite polarity associated with said signaling ,circuit, a pair of electron discharge devices operating substantially without gas ionization responsive to current changes in. sald slgnahng clrcuit, input circuits for eachv an output circuit for said devices having a branch in which uni-directional impulses N are repeated.

In witness whereof, Ih'ereunto subscribe my name this, 29th day of August, A. D.,

HAROLD W. NICHOLS.