US1543970A

US1543970A - Furnace construction

Info

Publication number: US1543970A
Application number: US722766A
Authority: US
Inventors: Francis J Zippler
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1924-06-27
Filing date: 1924-06-27
Publication date: 1925-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 1942-06-30

Description

June 30, 1925. 1,543,970

F. J. zlPPLER FURNACE CONSTRUCTION Filed June 27, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Hy. l

ATTORN EY June 30, 1925.

F. J. ZIPPLER FURNACE CONSTRUCTION Filed June 27, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIJ. Z/PPL E2 INVENroR ATTORNEY Patented .inne 30, i925.

time

FRANCIS J. ZPPLER, OF AVALON, PENNSYLVANIA.

IEURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed .Tune 27, 1924.

To all iti/tom it' may concern.'

Be it known that 1, Francis J. Zrrrnnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Avalon, in the county of Allegheny and State of iennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Furnace lConstructions, of which the following is a specilication.

This invention relates to furnaces, and more particularly to cupola furnaces.

This invention is intended more particularly as an improvement over the furnace construction disclosed in my U. S. Patent 1,055,589 for furnace issued March 11, 1913; and one of the main objects of the present invention is to provide an improved twyer construction whereby the twyer openings .into the furnace may be varied in size and in their relative disposition to suit circumstances and obtain maximum efficiency in operation. A further object is to provide a furnace construction in which the air as it enters the furnace is so distributed and controlled as to be uniformly distributed throughout the cross-area of the furnace. Another object is to provide means whereby all possibility of currents or streams of air which have not been preheated being project ed into the molten metal in the furnace, is eliminated, thus avoiding freezing7 of the metal in the furnace and consequent stoppage thereof such as not infrequently occurs in furnaces of this general type in which the air is projected into the furnace radially thereof and without suflicient preheating. Further objects will appear from the detail description.

In the drawing.

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through the lower portion of a furnace constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section substantially on line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a perspective detail of one of the upper twyer blocks; l

Fig. 4 is a perspective detail of a modified form of upper twyer block;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section through the furnace showing a modified form of construction; f

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary section showing a slight modification of t-he form illustrated in Fig. A1;

Fig. 7 is a vertical section through the lower portion of the furnace showing another modii'ied form of construction;

Serial No. 722,766.

Fig. 8 is asection taken substantially on line 8 8 of Fig. 7

Fig. 9 is a detail perspective view of one of the twyer blocks used in the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8.

The furnace A is of known construction and includes a sheathing or casing B which surrounds the refractory material C of the interior of the furnace. The furnace is pr'o vided with a downwardly tapering neck portion o with which communicates a reduced throat d the lower end of which opens into an enlarged metal receiving chamber e provided in the lower portion f of the furnace structure. The construction of cupola furnaces of this type is well known in this art and it is not thought necessary to further describe in detail the construction of the furnace itself.

A cast iron ring 1 which may be formed in one piece or of one or more segments, as desired, is mounted upon the top ofl lower portion f of the furnace structure. This ring is provided, a short distance from its outer edge, with an upwardly projecting rib 2 which acts as a stop element for a series of lower twyer blocks 8 of cast iron or other suitable material, these blocks being of hollow construction and of segmental shape, the open sides of the blocks being directed downwardly and seating upon ring 1. Fach block is provided with a thickened inner portion et the inner upper face Aa of which is inclined downwardly and inwardly of the furnace. A horizontally disposed shoulder 5 is provided at the upper end of surface fia. The block is further provided, at its outer upper edge, with an upwardly projecting flange 6. This flange acts as a stop element for an upper twyer block 7 which is also of hollow construction and is seated upon block 3 with its open side directed downwardly. Block 7 is provided with an inner upper thickened portion 8 the inner surface 8a of which is inclined upwardly and inwardly of the furnace, from the lower enel of which extends a short vertical portion 8b.

ihe twyer blocks

3 and 7 are held in superposed relation and are spaced away from the periphery of lower portion f of the furnace'so as to leave an annular air space 9 extending about the furnace between the twyer blocks and the casing B. An air manifold or chestD extends about the furnace and air under pressure is supplied to this chest through conduits E in any 8 of blocks 7 and -an inner flange or wall 13 which depends from an annular castiron yplate 14.v which seats upon blocks 7. The

inner surface 13a of wall 13 .inclined downwardly and outwardly oftlie vfurnace i" from the lower end .of throat cl and this wall is provided at its'l-ower edge with an outwardly projecting shoulder `15which is disposed in alignment with Yshoulders v5 of blocks 3. Wall 13 vco-acts withthe'inclined Vsurfaces 'aa of elements 4L of blocks 3 to provide an outlet opening at-the'lower portion of the passage 1Q whichacts todirect the air 4from-this,passage into'the fur.- nace downwardly and inwardly thereof. The inclined surface 13L of the wall .13.,acts to deflect the vair which tends-to fiowiupwardly along this surface upwardly and inwardly of the furnace, the air being `thus uniformly distributed throughout the crossarea of thecfurnace and. all tendency to project the air into the Yfurnace radially thereof in streams and at high Avelocity iseliminated thus effectually preventing sudden cooling and consequent freezing of the molten metal passing Vinto the lower portion of the furnace, such as occurs in vffnrnaces ofthis type where relatively cold Vair is projected .into the "furnaceradially thereof.

A plurality of` closure members orfbriclrs 16 -of refractory material are supported upon shoulders "5 Vand 15 of blocks 3 and wall 13, respectively, these bricks extending across the lower portion of air .passage .12.

B i soacin these bricks aiart I rovide Lka d l n l P iluralit7 of outlet tw er ooeninos 17 through which Athe air is ,discharged into the furnace inthe manner described. The bricks 16 are free from each other andfroni l the flanges so'that these bricks maybe moved toward or awayifrom each other thus varying the sizes of theopenings n17 as .well as the relative disposition of these openings.

v.This feature is of yparticular'importance Aas tain maximum efficiency. :Ring1'4 is'provided with a plurality of openings18 which are disposed in alignment with air space 55 49. A plurality ofair linesv 19 of approxilner face 7b. to use vthe hollow Vblocks illustrated and above described though the solid blocks can mately4 L-shape .are mountedin body C of the furnace, the lower ends of these ilues registering with openings 18 and the upper ends ofthese flues communicating with. throat al at the approximate center thereof.

IFor convenience in handling these flues are preferably constructed of sections of cast iron,ronevof these sections being provided with offset elements or lugs for reception of the other section, as illustrated in Fig.

if desi-red, the flues may be hreplaced by ""5 suitable :passage ways or ducts formed in the wall ofthe furnace, as `will be'readily understood. A portion ofthe air `which enters Vinto Yair space 9 is discharged into the annular lair passage V12 `from Ywhich it is dischargedinto thelfurnace below `throat d inthemanner previously described; This air is -causedto assumera V,toituouspath'of travel so as `to be preheated before it'en- 'ters into the .furnace itself. The remaining portion of "the air which enters space 9 Eflows upwardly throughflues 19 andis dischargedinto'throat d centrally thereof, this air being alsopreheated andhavingits direction of travel reversed during passage through the'flues. In this manner I assure that a-.maximum amount of air is supplied `to the imolten metal .flowing through throat d into the lower lportion of the chamber,

this air being preheated andso directed -and distributed as to eifectually prevent tooling and .consequent freezing of the metal.4

:In the modified `form illustrated in Fig.

`5 I have shown a vsolid lower twyerblock 3 having a vertical inner face 3" anda solid upper twyer block 7a having a steppedin- Ordinarily, however, vI prefer be employed where great strength is desired. In the form illustrated in Fig. yhiwealso omitted `the rib '2 of-plate 1 as thesolid blocks are suliiciently `heavy to remain in proper position under ordinary conditions though, as ,will ibe understood, these blocks `andthe ring 41 can, if desired, be provided.

with co-acting flanges and a rib for holding the blocks against movement.

` In the form illustrated in Fig. Gthe slioulder 15 of the dependingwall 13 of plate 1 4 is omitted, as well Aas the shoulder 5 of blockand the'bricks L16. In all otherrespects the construction in this `formis similar tothat illustrated in Figs. land 2.

In Figs. 7 and 8 I have shown a different type of upper twyer block 2O of hollow construction which is provided, adjacent to its inner end, with an inner wall 2l from which extend top and

side walls

22 and 23, respectively. vThis provides a vblock of light construction which possesses great strength and is well adapted for use in constructing unusually large or heavy furnaces. In all other respects the construction of the form illustrated in'Figs. 7 and 8 is similar to that illustrated in Fig. 6.

As above indicated, and as will be understood, changes in details of construction and f arrangement of parts of the invention may be resorted to without departing from the field and scope of the same, and I intend to include all such variations, as fall within the scope of the appended claims, in this application in which the preferred forms only of my invention are disclosed.

What I claim is l. A furnace provided with an annular air passage, means for supplying air under pressure to said passage, the air passage having an inner wall extending from the top of the passage, the lower edge of said inner wall being spaced above the bottom of the passage, and a plurality of closure members supported between the inner and outer walls of the passage and extending across said passage, said members being arranged in spaced relation and forming twyer openings establishing communication between the air passage and the interior of the furnace.

2. A furnace provided with an annular air passage, means for supplying air under pressure to said passage, the air passage having an inner wall extending from the top of the passage, said wall being provided adjacent to its lower edge with a shoulder projecting inwardly of the air passage and the outer wall of the air passage being provided with a shoulder projecting inwardly of the passage, and a plurality of closure members extending across said passage and seating upon said shoulders, said members being free from each other and the walls of the air-passage whereby the closure members may be arranged to provide twyer openings establishing communication between the interior of the furnace and the air passage and the relative sizes and disposition of such openings may be varied at will.

3. In a furnace construction, a bot-tom portion, a ring member mounted on the bottom portion, twyer blocks supported above said bottom portion and disposed in spaced relation, means for supplying air under pressure to the spaces between said blocks, and a ring member seated upon said blocks and provided with a depending peripheral flange spaced away from the inner faces of said twyer blocks for admitting air into the furnace.

f4. In a furnace construction, a. bottom portion, a ring member mounted on the bottom portion, twyer bloc rs supported above said bottom portion and disposed in spaced relation, means for supplying air under pressure to the spaces between said blocks, a ring member mounted upon said blocks and provided with a depending peripheral flange spaced away from the inner faces of said twyer blocks, and means for deflecting the air from the space between said flange and the blocks into the furnace.

5. In a furnace construction, a bottom portion, a ring member mounted on the bottom portion, twyer blocks supported above said bottom portion and disposed in spaced relation, means for supplying air under pressure to the spaces between the blocks, a ring member. seated upon said blocks and provided with a depending peripheral flange spaced away from the inner faces of said twyer blocks, and means for deiiecting the air from the space between said flange and the blocks into the furnace downwardly and inwardly thereof.

6. In a furnace construction, a bottom portion, a ring member mounted on the bottom portion, twyer blocks supported above said bottom portion and disposed in spaced relation, means for supplying air under pressure to the spaces between said blocks, a ring member seated upon said blocks and provided with a depending peripheral flange spaced away from the inner faces of said twyer blocks, and a plurality of members supported between the blocks and the flange and disposed in spaced relation to form twyer openings for admitting air into the furnace.

7. In a furnace construction, a bottom portion, a ring member mounted on the bottom portion, blocks supported above the ring member and spaced apart, means for supplying air under pressure to the spaces between the blocks, and an upper ring member seated on the blocks and provided with a depending peripheral wall spaced away from the inner faces of the blocks, the lower edge of the wall being spaced away from the furnace structure to provide an opening for admitting air to the furnace.

8. In a furnace construction, a bottom portion, a ring member mounted on the bottom portion, lower twyer blocks mounted on the ring, upper twyer blocks mounted on said lower blocks and disposed in spaced relation, means\ for supplying air under pressure to the spaces between the upper blocks, and an upper ring seated upon said upper blocks and provided with a depending peripheral wall spaced away from the inner faces of the blocks, the lower edge of said wall being positioned above the lower faces of said lower blocks.

9. In a furnace construction, a bottom portion, a ring member mounted on the bottom portion, lower twyer blocksy mounted on the ring and having their inner accs 1nclined downwardly and inwardly of the,

and providedy with a depending:peripheral` wall spaced away from the inner faces of the blocks, the'lower edge ofsaid wal-l being spaced above the lower edges of the inner faces of said lower blocks.

10. In a furnace construction, a bottom portion, a ring member mounted on the bot.- tom portion, lower twyer blocks mounted on the ring and havingl their inner facesinclined downwardly and inwardly of the furnace, upper twyer blocks mounted on said lower blocks and disposed in spaced relae tion, means for supplying air under pres- Lne-acre sure to thespaces between the upper blocks, an upper ring Seated upon said upper blocks and provided with a depending ipe rjipheral wall4 spaced away from the inner` faces of the blocks, the lower edge of Said wall being yspaced above the lower edgesl oi the innerl faces of Said lower blocks: andA relation, means for supplying. air under pressure toy the spaces between said blocksg,

and a ring seated upon Said blocks and prg i vided with a depending peripheral wall spaced away from the inner faces of the. blocks and extend-ing `below the spaces be,- tweenV said blocks.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

FRANCIS J. ZIPPLER.