US1184397A - Process of revivifying or decarbonizing bone-black and other filtering media. - Google Patents

Description

M. WEINRICH. PROCESS OF REVIVIFYING 0R DECARBONIZING BONE BLACK AND OTHER FILTERIN G MEDIA APPLICATION FILED NOV. 19, I915- 1,18%,89?

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v M. WEINRiCH. PROCESS OF REVIVIFYING OR DECARBONIZING BONE BLACK AND OTHER FILTERING MEDIA.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 19, 1915.

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MORIZ wnnmrcn, or NEW YORK, N. Y

rnocnss or REVIVIFYING on DECARBONIZING BONE-BLACK AND OTHER. FILTERING.

MEDIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 23, 1916..

Application filed November 19, 1915.; Serial N 0. 62,345.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MORIZ WEINRICH, a

' citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the. county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain.

new and useful Improvements in Processes of Revivifying or Decarbonizing Bone- Black and other Filtering Media, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a process of revivifying or of decarbonizing bone-black and other filtering media, such as fullers earth, infusorial earth, and carbonaceous substitutes for the bone-black, as I will'hereinafter describe and claim.

In the accompanying drawing I have illus-' 'trated an apparatus which will be found well adapted for the purpose of carrying out my process, although it will be understood that the present invention is not limited in its use to said apparatus and that it comprehends and includes any and all types of apparatus wherein the several steps of the process may be successfully worked.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the apthe same on the line A B of Fig. -1 -Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view on the line C D of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a revoluble drum showing slitted lifting fragment of a lifting flight showing three revoluble drum employed does not differ es-- rows of slits, running in the direction of the length of the blade. Fig. 6 illustrates a fragment of a lifting blade showing rows of slits extending in the direction of the width of the blade. Fig. 7 illustrates a part of the lifting blade of modified form, showing circular perforations.

In the apparatus shown for illustrative purposes, the interior construction of the sentially from the construction of the-like part shown, described and claimed in my .former Patent Number 1,121,429, dated Decemb'er 1 5, 1914, for apparatus for drying bone black, and I prefer for present purf poses, the employment of such an apparatus,

stitutes the presentv invention.

in the carrying out of the process wfhichcon- That my invention may be understood, I will now 'describe'the same in connection with the revivification or of the decarbonization of bone-black or media, such as before mentioned, when using Fig. 5 is a plan view of a vice, 9

other filtering the apparatus shown in the present instance,

although, as before stated, the process is not to be understood as limited to this apparatus, as any other appropriate apparatus or device, whether revoluble or stationary, may

be used provided it is supplied with means for' by'the bone-black during previous revivifications by-dry distillation in retort kilns.

It is of prime importance that, when heating the material for this purpose, it must not be brought into direct contact with fire, but must be heated indirectly and slowly in order to attain the desired'gentle oxidation at a moderate heat.

Briefly stated, the apparatus shown'comprises a revoluble drum, a, preferably set at an incline, and turning in the bearing, 6, at one end and on supporting rollers, ,0, at the other or higher end. If desired, there may be bearings at both ends, or rollers at'both ends, as in either instance the drum will be appropriately supported for rotation.

t one end, the drum has a projecting shaft, d, which carries a worm gear, d, suitably engaged by a suitable worm, 65 said drum being provided at its higher or inlet end with a spout or chute, 6, through which the bone-black, or other filtering media,to be treated, may be admitted to the drum, the opposite or lower end of said drum being provided with an outlet for the treated bone-black or filtering media.

I Fitted. to the inlet end of-the drum is a hood, g; which has an extension, g, which forms an air and vapor uptake, in which is mounted a damper or other controlling de- At the outlet end-of the drum and fitting over the same is a hood, k, which in practice may have a sliding damper controlling an opening and thereby regulating the'draft of atmospheric air to be maintained in the drum.

The'drum is mounted within a casing or shell of brickwork or'otherwise and of any desired construction and design, tied together by transverse and longitudinal rods, or bars, 10, and 11, respectively, and supported upon a frame or foundation, A, or

the like, in which heat is generated, and the will thus be seen that the drum, as Well as the framework surrounding it, is securely supported by an iron framework and that the casing is reinforced and braced by the longitudinal and cross rods, l0ll, and by suitable buck-stays, 15, or the like, thereby giving great strength to the casing and making the apparatus well adapted for the performanceof the several functions which constitute my process, the steps of which I will now describe.

In carrying out my process, I build a fire in. the furnace with oil, gas, coal, or coke, and maintain this fire at a desired degree. The gases generated in the combustion chamber, z, of the furnace pass into the bottom of the casing or shell at one end thereof and surround the drum in its entire length, and finally escape through the flue, la. The heat escaping through this flue may be utilized, if desired, for heating a drier, or other structure erected between the apparatus, and the filters for the drying of the bone-black before it enters the drum, and as these features constitute no part of the present process, they are not shown in the present drawing.

The bone-black to be treated is delivered into the upper end of the drum through the spout or chute, e, in a continuous and regulated stream, either from a drier or from a bin, and while the drum is being slowly rotated. v When using a drum of standard size, that 1s, about 25 feet long with a diameter of about 4% feet, and made of welded-steel or the llke, said drum should be geared to make about one revolution in every two minutes, and the drum should be set at an incline of about one foot.

As soon as the bone-black or other-fi1teringmedia, enters the upper or higher end of the drum, it is caught up by suitable wide lifting blades or flights, 16, which are provided on the inside of the drum, as in the manner described and shown more in detail in my before-mentioned prior patent, which blades or flights are constructed for performing the function of lifting and dropping the bone-black, or other filtering media, said bone-black or other filtering me dia, 'siftin through perforations, 17, made in the bla es or flights and over their edges, in the form of thin streams in whi'ch condition it is exposed to the action of an air curfl -rent as I Will presently describe.

Any moisture which has been retained by the bone-black or other filtering media, is

by the high temperature of the gases and by its exposure in thin streams to the draft of air, maintained in the drum, quickly expelled and rising to the upper end thereof, finally escapes into the hood, 9, and through thealr and vapor uptake 9'. l

The oxidation of the organic impurities retained by the bone black or other filtering media begins at a temperature of about 300 degrees F This temperature, regulated by while the bone-black, or other filtering medropping in the ,inclined drum toward-the rear end, to 500550 degrees F., when sim- Lplyrevivifying is desired, and to 600-700 the invaluable carbonate or lime forming part of this frameworkwill remain unimpaired and since the organic impurities taken up by the bone-black during its last use become completely oxidized, and not converted into carbon as done with kiln work, the bone-black will be maintained by the process always at its highest efiiciency.

Mywhole process may be performed in the fire in the furnace, will be increased dia, is being moved bodily by a lifting and about forty minutes and since a standard constantly about 4,000 pounds of boneblack on its wide lifting blades and on lts size machine, when in operation,,will hold bottom, the desired temperature will fluctuate but little and can be regulated easily by the fire in the furnace.

The draft of atmospheric air maintained in the drum will hit repeatedly every particle of the heated bone-black emanating in a great many thin streams from the lifting I blades or flights and will thereby accelerate the oxidationof the impurities. As the boneblack is not lifted high and drops slowly always'on itself practically'no dust will be formed by this process.

It is well known that in theordinary kiln work, the bone-black has to be brought to a red heat of about 1200 degrees F. and maintained .there for at least one-half hour.

Itis, theiefore, obvious that by my proc ess the savlng in fuel alone is considerable.

Thedrum when made of welded steel, has

a life of from 8 to 10 years, owing to the mild heat applied and because it is constantly revolving over the fire. The life of retorts used for similar purposes is generally less than two years.

The treated bone-black, orother filtering material, falling from the rear end of the drum into the chute, f, may be caused to pass through a suitable cooling device, not

the char.

shown, when it is again ready for use.

Among the advantages which can be safely alleged in support of my described process of gentle oxidation over dry distillation process are the following: It is well known that the capacity of bone-black generally called char, of removing color, organic and inorganic impurities, stands in direct relation to the surface of its mineral framework, consisting mainly of phosphate of lime and carbonate of lime, this surface being covered by a thin layer of soft veldry distillation, mainly in the form of sul-' fids, which, as well known,- are injurious to the sugar solutions subsequently passed over it. By my improved process of gentle oxidation of the impurities, these serious disadvantages will be entirely avoided. The comparatively low temperatures employed by me will leave the mineral frame work quite intact, while the impurities become oxidized and leave the cells always open. Any iron, which may be left in the char and which, by dry distillation would exist as sulfid of iron becomes oxidized 'and is changed into an insoluble state (ferric oxid); in which it is incapable of doing any harm. In like manner any lime which might be taken up by the char and which, after dry distillation might exist as sulfid of calcium, becomes partly or entirely changed into sulfate of lime, capable of removal by washing. It is, therefore, obvious that by the proper use of my process of gentle oxidation, the char can be kept continuously at its highest point of efficiency and that no granular char has ever to be discarded, thus insuring very great savings.

The other advantages of my process are that, owing to the mild heat applied, the devices used for the operation of my process, require much less repair and that a considerable percentage of fuel can be saved.

compared with ordinary kiln work.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The process herein described of revivifying and of decarbonizing bone-black, or other filtering media, through oxidation, by

moving the bone-black, or other filtering media, heated from the outside, in a chamher and in a plurality of thin streams emanating by means of a perforated device, against a draft of atmospheric air.

2. The process herein described of revivifying and of decarbonizing bone-black, or other filtering media, through oxidation, by moving the bone-black, or other filtering media in a revoluble drum, surrounded by fire gases, and provided on its interior with lifting agencies, in a plurality of thin streams emanating by means of perforations from each of said lifting agencies, against a draft of atmospheric air.

- In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

MORIZ WEINRICH: v

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