US1156315A - Electrode. - Google Patents

Description

W. H. ROWLEY.

ELECTRODE. APPucATloN FILED 11m15.191s.

Patented Oct. 12, 1915.

IEEllIdI-QIII News Pneus. ma.. Luna wnsmumg. n n.

= ment.

' UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.'

WILLSON H. ROWLEY, 0F UNIVERSITY, MISSOURI.

ELEQTRODE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented ct. 12, 1915.

` Application'led December 16, 191-3. SerialiNo. $06,998.

vof my invention is to construct an electrode comprising metal lead fiber of minute and duct-ile filaments, many of which are designed to have intimate contact with a supporting element, and the mass or body so arranged as to provide for permeation andI circulation of the electrolyte and which arrangement of laments and ductility provide for the growth of the filaments in the oxidation or forming of the filaments.

A further object of my .invention is to provide an. electrode comprising bodies o1 metal dead fiber in the form of ductile filaments arranged to be supported on a grid with the filaments forming a porous veil. corrugated or roughened over the support- .ing grid, and many of the filaments designed' to have intimate contact with the supporting element, whereby to obtain a maximum of filament length in a' given length of supporting element and whereby the filaments having contact with the supporting element, will become active material. And a further object of my invention is to construct an electrode of the composite type employing two forms of active material, one being metal lead` filaments and the other an oxide of lead, wherein the metal'lead having the characteristics above noted serves as envelops for an oxid, which envelops hold or space apart the body of l oXid from the surface of the supporting element in order to'obvite zones upon the surface/ofthev oxid tnguishable from such plates wherein the oxid is pasted' or placed in immediate con'- tact with the surfaces of the supporting ele- -VVthii-:he aboyekpurposes'in view my4 incertain novel ffeatures of filaments body which will not` offer permeation of theV electrolyte, as -ds- 'their ends projecting beyond .the end construction and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter more fully described,

pointed out in the claims and illustrated bythe accompanying drawings, in which--` Figure 1 shows in elevation an electrode constructed according to my invention, the upper and right handmargins being com pleted, and portions of the lower and the left hand margins -showing the ends of the Y projecting beyond the margins of the grid, as before being united therewith; Fig. 2 is a plan of a strand'or group of metal lead filaments; Fig. 3. is an end elevation of,L

one of tlie supportin elements showing the rib format-ion topro lice channels'to receive the strands of metallead fiber;v Fig. .4 is a longitudinal sectional elevationy of one 01' the frame'members taken at right angles to Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a showing a strand of place; Fig. 6 is a showing a body of oxid applied to the strand view .similar to Fig. 4

of metal lead fiber; Fig. 7 is a transversel a composite `plate sectional elevation of taken on the line 7 7 of Fig.' 1; and Fig.

the metal lead fiber in v. view similar to Fig..5

8 is an enlarged fragmental longitudinal-` Fig. 1. Referring by ing drawings:

sectional elevation taken on the line 8f8 of ably rectangular in shape and each provided with a terminal such as l2.

Extending lengthwise 4of, eachframe are the parallel ribs or bars 13.

Between the numerals to the accompany- I 10 and 1l designate the frames of the electrodes which are preferpoints where the ribs 18 unitejI with the trames the frames are reduced ink thickness in order to form channels such as Each of the frames10 andi'11 carriesya transverse bar 16.

which consist of continuousmetal lead filaesignates strands of metal yleadjber '100 ments. The strands 17 are placed in each,

channel 14 of each frame and, as l,shown Fig. 5, are'shaped over the grid bars 15 with bers of the frames 10 and 11. p

' In this Pla-ing 0f the Strands wei-fig@ grid bars care should be taken to avoid destruction o-f the porosity of the strand over v.the grid bar.

.1. g 18 designates a body of oXid of lead which Alia is-pasted or placed'upon the screen, veil or envelop consisting of strands 17.

` -It is obvious that one face of the body 1S oxid will be corrugated or roughened due to the porosity of' the strands 17, {theoxid will possess a minutely divided surface in .addition to the corrugated surby reason of its entering into the innumerable inteisticesof the porous strands of metal lead fibers.

By'reference to Figs. 7 and 8, it will be fobserved that the complete electrode comy "rises two frames having the screens of "to the other of each` of the frames.

l, Asshown `in Fig. 1, the ends of the. iilaments entering into the screen '19 extend beyond the sides of the frames. The two frames' carrying the screens and bodies of .Bis

T 'The two frames are then lead. oxid as-described, after being. placed together, are subjected to heat or to the flame of a burner which will unite the ends of the filaments entering into said screens, will unite the ends of the filaments with the frame members, and also unite the frame members at some point of said connecting frames.

furthei' united llat/the bars 16, either byv rivets such as .20 f'shown in Fig. 1, or by Welding, which act )bars .the

will b rin into intimate contact with said laments of the strands 17 so that in the event there is a strand broken between its ends, said broken filament will have at 4least one point of intimate contact with the frame, so that when it is put into service it `will not be isolated and will of itself become @active material. By reason of the multipleof minutely divided surfaces of the active material in the form of oxid, it is obvious there'is active material immediately available for 'service and, by reason of the particles of the mi nutelyj divided surface being in contact with metal lead filaments extending to and elecvlili.

" ment, there will trically connected with the supporting elebe an immediate and uninterrupted How of energy from these minute it is obvious that the electrolyte has. access,-

Vparticles'of active material.

`Due to the oXid bodies being enveloped in orous veils or envelops of metal lead fiber,

to the entire surface and body of the oXid,

the porous veil serving to hold and space apart the oxid body from the grid bars of frames in order to `obviate e' supporting dead or inert zones upon the surface of the oXid body, as would be the case if the oxid body were pasted or -ilaced in immediate Contact .witlisaid grid ars. i

Thile I have shown -and described a coinposite electrode having two forms of active material, the oxid and the'metal lead fiber, I `do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to this arrangement for it is obvious that a highly efficient electrode may be constructed with the metal lead fiber alone as active materi al.

It is to be observed that I have arranged with great care foi'.iininediate 'contact between each individual filament of the metal lead fiber and the supporting frame in order to avoid isolated filaments which, of course. would be fiincti'onless. i

An important characteristic of my iinproved electrode lies in the relative arrangement of the individual filaments to avoid 'density or compactness of the. body of filaments in order to provide for the growth of the filaments iii forming. oxidizing or sulphating, so that the body of' filaments may in itself provide and compensate for said growth rather than to impart strains ilicident to such growth to. the` supporting frames, thus'such an electrode will not buckle or be distorted.

A further characteristic of my electrode.

of the composite type lies in the employment of a porous envelop constructed of metal lead fiber possessing a sulicient body to prevent shedding of the oxid.

I claim:

1. An electrode, comprising a frame in the foi-in of' a grid, a body of active maj teiial iii the form of liber, the indi\idua| filaments of which are united with said frame and between their ends shaped over l said grid to produce an uneven surface.

2. An electrode, comprising a frame in the form ofa grid, a body of active material in the' form of fiber, the individual filaments of which are united with said frame. and between their ends shaped over said grid to produce an uneven surface, active material comprising an oXid of lead applied to said uneven sui-face.

3. In an electrode, a pair of frames comprising grids, a screen of' metal lead fiber. the filaments of which are. united with. said frames and shaped over said grids to produce uneven surfaces, and a body of active material comprising an oxid of lead envelopedl between said uneven surfaces.

4. In an electrode, a pair of frames coinprisiiig grids, screens of metal lead fiber, the filaments of which are united with said frames and their bodies shaped over said grids topresent uneven surfaces, bodies'of and a body of" active material comprising an v,oXid of lead oxid bodies, the filaments of which last inentioned screen are united with lsaid franies.

5. In an electrode, a grid-like frame, a

body of active material in the form of a porous veil of meta-l lead ,filaments secured to said frame and covering the grids there-d of, and a body of active material comprising an'oxid of lead supported by said Veil and held separated fromA the grids of the frame by said veil.

6. In an electrode, a frame, a. porous envelop comprising loosely assembled metal lead filaments, each of which is designed to be united. with said frame, anda body comprising an oxid of lead Within said envelop and held separated thereby from the frame.

7. In an electrode, a pair of connected frames, a porous body comprising loosely assembled metal lead -filaments supported by each frame, each of which filaments is designed to be united with one or the other of said frames, and a. body comprising an oxid of lead enveloped by said filaments and held separated :from the frames thereby.

8.,Inl an electrode, a pair of grid-like frames, a porous veiloi` metal lead .filaments having their ends `secured to said frames and their body portions between the ends loosely assembled and covering said grids, and bodies comprising an oxid of lead applied to said porous Veils and separated from the grids of the frames by said veils, said frames-holding said bodies of oxid being united.l

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in presence of two subscribing Witnesses. p

WILLsoN H. RoWLEY. Witnesses:

' EDWARD E. LONGAN, L. WALLAoE.

Images