TWI739644B - Augmented reality head up display - Google Patents

Augmented reality head up display Download PDF

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TWI739644B
TWI739644B TW109138081A TW109138081A TWI739644B TW I739644 B TWI739644 B TW I739644B TW 109138081 A TW109138081 A TW 109138081A TW 109138081 A TW109138081 A TW 109138081A TW I739644 B TWI739644 B TW I739644B
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light
liquid crystal
electrically controlled
controlled liquid
polarizer
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TW109138081A
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TW202217395A (en
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李冠勳
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大陸商業成科技（成都）有限公司
大陸商業成光電（深圳）有限公司
英特盛科技股份有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
    • G02B2027/0183—Adaptation to parameters characterising the motion of the vehicle

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Instrument Panels (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

An augmented reality head up display includes a display device and a light path mirror assembly with an electronically controlled liquid crystal polarization plate. By switching a power-on state and a power-off state of the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarization plate, the light path of a light provided from the display device is changed, so that a plurality of images provided by the display device forms a plurality of virtual images in different positions. Consequently, the user can see the plurality of virtual images at the same time.

Description

增強現實抬頭顯示器Augmented reality head-up display

本發明是有關一種增強現實抬頭顯示器(head up display；HUD)，特別是關於一種增強現實(augmented reality；AR)抬頭顯示器。 The present invention relates to an augmented reality head up display (HUD), in particular to an augmented reality (AR) head up display.

抬頭顯示器是一種普遍運用在航空器上的飛行輔助儀器。抬頭顯示器可以將飛行資訊投影至擋風玻璃前，因此飛行員不需要低頭就能夠看到飛行資訊，避免注意力中斷，提高安全性。因為抬頭顯示器的方便性以及能夠提高安全性，部分汽車業者也開始於汽車中設置抬頭顯示器。抬頭顯示器可將汽車的車速、轉速、導航等資訊投影至擋風玻璃前，因此駕駛員的視線無需低頭即可得到汽車資訊，提高了行車安全。為了將圖像與真實路況結合，增強現實抬頭顯示器成為了熱門研究方向。 The head-up display is a kind of flight aid instrument commonly used in aircraft. The head-up display can project flight information to the front of the windshield, so the pilot can see the flight information without lowering his head, avoiding interruption of attention and improving safety. Because of the convenience of a head-up display and its ability to improve safety, some automakers have also begun to install a head-up display in their cars. The head-up display can project the car's speed, rotation speed, navigation and other information to the front of the windshield, so the driver's vision can get car information without looking down, which improves driving safety. In order to combine images with real road conditions, augmented reality head-up displays have become a popular research direction.

目前的增強現實抬頭顯示器為了達成增強現實的效果，需要兩個或以上顯示裝置來提供多個影像，進而在遠端及近端形成多個虛像。然而，顯示裝置越多，不但會增加增強現實抬頭顯示器的體積，也會提高增強現實抬頭顯示器的成本。 In order to achieve the augmented reality effect, the current augmented reality head-up display requires two or more display devices to provide multiple images, thereby forming multiple virtual images at the far end and the near end. However, more display devices will not only increase the volume of the augmented reality head-up display, but also increase the cost of the augmented reality head-up display.

本發明的目的，在於提出一種增強現實抬頭顯示器，使用一個顯示裝置在多個位置形成多個虛像。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide an augmented reality head-up display, which uses one display device to form multiple virtual images at multiple locations.

根據本發明，一種增強現實抬頭顯示器包括一顯示裝置及一光路 鏡組。該顯示裝置射出一光線，該光路鏡組設置於該光線的一光路徑上。該光路鏡組包括一電控液晶偏振片以及一反射鏡。該電控液晶偏振片設置於該光路徑上。該反射鏡設置於該光路徑上且位於該電控液晶偏振片與該顯示裝置之間，將來自該顯示裝置的光線反射至該電控液晶偏振片。在一第一時段，該電控液晶偏振片反射來自該反射鏡的該光線以在一第一位置形成一第一虛像。在一第二時段，來自該反射鏡的該光線穿透該電控液晶偏振片以在一第二位置形成一第二虛像。 According to the present invention, an augmented reality head-up display includes a display device and a light path Mirror group. The display device emits a light, and the optical path mirror group is arranged on an optical path of the light. The optical path mirror group includes an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer and a reflecting mirror. The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer is arranged on the light path. The reflecting mirror is arranged on the light path and located between the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer and the display device, and reflects the light from the display device to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer. In a first period of time, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer reflects the light from the mirror to form a first virtual image at a first position. In a second time period, the light from the reflector penetrates the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer to form a second virtual image at a second position.

根據本發明，一種增強現實抬頭顯示器包括一顯示裝置及一光路鏡組。該顯示裝置射出一光線，該光路鏡組設置於該光線的一光路徑上。該光路鏡組包括一電控液晶偏振片以及一反射鏡。該電控液晶偏振片與該反射鏡皆設置在該光路徑上，且該電控液晶偏振片位於該反射鏡與該顯示裝置之間。在一第一時段，該電控液晶偏振片反射來自該顯示裝置的光線，且該反射鏡反射來自該電控液晶偏振片的該光線以在一第一位置形成一第一虛像。在一第二時段，來自該顯示裝置的該光線穿透該電控液晶偏振片以在一第二位置形成一第二虛像。 According to the present invention, an augmented reality head-up display includes a display device and an optical path mirror group. The display device emits a light, and the optical path mirror group is arranged on an optical path of the light. The optical path mirror group includes an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer and a reflecting mirror. The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer and the reflecting mirror are both arranged on the light path, and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer is located between the reflecting mirror and the display device. In a first period of time, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer reflects light from the display device, and the reflector reflects the light from the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer to form a first virtual image at a first position. In a second time period, the light from the display device penetrates the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer to form a second virtual image at a second position.

根據本發明，一種增強現實抬頭顯示器包括一顯示裝置及一光路鏡組。該顯示裝置射出一光線，該光路鏡組設置於該光線的一光路徑上。該光路鏡組包括一第一電控液晶偏振片以及一第二電控液晶偏振片。該第一電控液晶偏振片與該第二電控液晶偏振片皆在該光路徑上，且該第二電控液晶偏振片位於該第一電控液晶偏振片與該顯示裝置之間。在一第一時段，該第一電控液晶偏振片反射來自該顯示裝置的該光線，且該第二電控液晶偏振片反射來自該第一電控液晶偏振片的該光線以在一第一位置形成一第一虛像。在一第二時段，該第一電控液晶偏振片反射來自該顯示裝置的該光線，且來自該第一電控液晶偏振片的該光線穿透該第二電控液晶偏振片以在一第二位置形成一第二虛 像。在一第三時段，來自該顯示裝置的該光線穿透該第一電控液晶偏振片以在一第三位置形成一第三虛像。 According to the present invention, an augmented reality head-up display includes a display device and an optical path mirror group. The display device emits a light, and the optical path mirror group is arranged on an optical path of the light. The optical path mirror group includes a first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer and a second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer. The first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer are both on the light path, and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer is located between the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer and the display device. In a first period, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer reflects the light from the display device, and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer reflects the light from the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer to a first The position forms a first virtual image. In a second time period, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer reflects the light from the display device, and the light from the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer penetrates the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer to form a first Two positions form a second virtual picture. In a third period, the light from the display device penetrates the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer to form a third virtual image at a third position.

本發明的增強現實抬頭顯示器只需要一個顯示裝置即可在多個位置產生多個虛像，因此本發明的增強現實抬頭顯示器的體積較小，而且成本也較低。 The augmented reality head-up display of the present invention only needs one display device to generate multiple virtual images in multiple positions. Therefore, the augmented reality head-up display of the present invention has a small volume and a low cost.

10:增強現實抬頭顯示器 10: Augmented reality head-up display

12:顯示裝置 12: display device

14:光路鏡組 14: Optical path mirror group

16:反射鏡 16: reflector

18:電控液晶偏振片 18: Electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizer

182:偏振旋轉器 182: Polarization rotator

1822:入射面 1822: incident surface

1824:出射面 1824: exit surface

1826:液晶盒 1826: LCD box

184:反射式偏振片 184: reflective polarizer

20:人眼 20: Human Eye

22:擋風玻璃 22: Windshield

30:增強現實抬頭顯示器 30: Augmented reality head-up display

32:顯示裝置 32: display device

34:光路鏡組 34: Optical path mirror group

36:電控液晶偏振片 36: Electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizer

362:偏振旋轉器 362: Polarization Rotator

364:反射式偏振片 364: reflective polarizer

38:反射鏡 38: Mirror

40:增強現實抬頭顯示器 40: Augmented reality head-up display

42:顯示裝置 42: display device

44:光路鏡組 44: Optical path mirror group

46:第一電控液晶偏振片 46: The first electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizer

462:偏振旋轉器 462: Polarization Rotator

464:反射式偏振片 464: reflective polarizer

48:第二電控液晶偏振片 48: The second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer

482:偏振旋轉器 482: Polarization Rotator

484:反射式偏振片 484: reflective polarizer

A:第一虛像 A: The first virtual image

A’:影像 A’: Image

B:第二虛像 B: The second virtual image

B’:影像 B’: Image

C:第三虛像 C: The third virtual image

C’:影像 C’: Image

L1:光線 L1: light

LP:偏振方向 LP: Polarization direction

LS:偏振方向 LS: Polarization direction

RPP:光軸 RPP: Optical axis

圖1顯示本發明增強現實抬頭顯示器的第一實施例。 Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment of the augmented reality head-up display of the present invention.

圖2顯示電控液晶偏振片的實施例。 Figure 2 shows an embodiment of an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer.

圖3顯示電控液晶偏振片未通電時的實施例。 Figure 3 shows an embodiment when the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer is not energized.

圖4顯示電控液晶偏振片被通電時的實施例。 Figure 4 shows an embodiment when the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer is energized.

圖5顯示圖1中顯示裝置輸出二個不同影像的實施例。 FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the display device in FIG. 1 outputs two different images.

圖6顯示本發明增強現實抬頭顯示器的第二實施例。 Fig. 6 shows the second embodiment of the augmented reality head-up display of the present invention.

圖7顯示本發明增強現實抬頭顯示器的第三實施例。 Fig. 7 shows a third embodiment of the augmented reality head-up display of the present invention.

圖8顯示圖7中顯示裝置輸出三個不同影像的實施例。 FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the display device in FIG. 7 outputs three different images.

圖1顯示本發明增強現實抬頭顯示器的第一實施例。在圖1中，增強現實抬頭顯示器10包括一顯示裝置12及一光路鏡組14。顯示裝置12用以射出光線L1至光路鏡組14以在擋風玻璃22前形成第一虛像A或第二虛像B，其中該光線L1可以是一影像，且光線L1為一S偏振光或一P偏振光。一般而言，S偏振光的偏振方向LS為垂直方向，而P偏振光的偏振方向LP為水平方向。顯示裝置12可以是但不限於顯示器或投影裝置。光路鏡組14設置於該光路徑上，光路鏡組14可以改變該光路徑以將光線L1投射到不同位置，進而在擋風玻璃22前的第一位置形成第一虛像A或在擋風玻璃22前的第二位置形成第二虛像B。光路鏡組14包含 一反射鏡16及一電控液晶偏振片18。反射鏡16與電控液晶偏振片18皆設置在該光路徑上，且反射鏡16位於電控液晶偏振片18與顯示裝置12之間。反射鏡16反射來自顯示裝置12的光線L1。經反射鏡16反射的光線L1可以穿透電控液晶偏振片18或被電控液晶偏振片18反射。 Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment of the augmented reality head-up display of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the augmented reality head-up display 10 includes a display device 12 and an optical path mirror group 14. The display device 12 is used for emitting light L1 to the optical path lens group 14 to form a first virtual image A or a second virtual image B in front of the windshield 22, where the light L1 can be an image, and the light L1 is an S-polarized light or a P polarized light. Generally speaking, the polarization direction LS of S-polarized light is the vertical direction, and the polarization direction LP of P-polarized light is the horizontal direction. The display device 12 may be, but is not limited to, a display or a projection device. The light path mirror group 14 is arranged on the light path. The light path mirror group 14 can change the light path to project the light L1 to different positions, and then form a first virtual image A at the first position in front of the windshield 22 or on the windshield The second position before 22 forms a second virtual image B. Optical path lens group 14 contains A mirror 16 and an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18. The reflecting mirror 16 and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 are both arranged on the light path, and the reflecting mirror 16 is located between the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 and the display device 12. The mirror 16 reflects the light L1 from the display device 12. The light L1 reflected by the reflector 16 can pass through the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 or be reflected by the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18.

圖2顯示電控液晶偏振片18的實施例。電控液晶偏振片18包括一偏振旋轉器182及反射式偏振片184。偏振旋轉器182具有入射面1822、出射面1824、液晶盒1826。液晶盒1826被夾在入射面1822及出射面1824之間，入射面1822及出射面1824上設置電極，該電極可以是但不限於氧化銦錫透明電極，外控電壓模組(未圖示)施加電壓於電極，造成液晶盒1826中的液晶分子旋轉為預定的配向方向，從而切換電控液晶偏振片可讓偏振光通過或反射的狀態。反射式偏振片184設置於偏振旋轉器182的出射面1824一側且與出射面1824貼合，且反射式偏振片184具有一光軸RPP。反射式偏振片184平行於偏振旋轉器182。當從出射面1824射出的光線L1的偏振方向與反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP平行時，光線L1將穿透反射式偏振片184。當從出射面1824射出的光線L1的偏振方向與反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP垂直時，光線L1將被反射式偏振片184反射。 FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18. The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 includes a polarization rotator 182 and a reflective polarizer 184. The polarization rotator 182 has an entrance surface 1822, an exit surface 1824, and a liquid crystal cell 1826. The liquid crystal cell 1826 is sandwiched between the entrance surface 1822 and the exit surface 1824. Electrodes are provided on the entrance surface 1822 and the exit surface 1824. The electrodes can be, but not limited to, indium tin oxide transparent electrodes, external control voltage modules (not shown) Applying a voltage to the electrodes causes the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 1826 to rotate to a predetermined alignment direction, thereby switching the state in which the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer can pass or reflect polarized light. The reflective polarizer 184 is disposed on the exit surface 1824 side of the polarization rotator 182 and is attached to the exit surface 1824, and the reflective polarizer 184 has an optical axis RPP. The reflective polarizer 184 is parallel to the polarization rotator 182. When the polarization direction of the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 is parallel to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, the light L1 will pass through the reflective polarizer 184. When the polarization direction of the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 is perpendicular to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, the light L1 will be reflected by the reflective polarizer 184.

為了更容易理解，以一實施例來說明電控液晶偏振片18的未通電狀態及通電狀態。假設顯示裝置12射出的光線L1為P偏振光而反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP為水平方向，在電控液晶偏振片18未通電的情況下，液晶盒1826中的液晶分子不會轉動，如圖3所示，光線L1從入射面1824射入液晶盒1826後，光線L1的偏振方向LP不會被改變，因此從出射面1824射出的光線L1的偏振方向LP平行於反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP，因而可以穿透反射式偏振片184。換言之，在電控液晶偏振片18未通電的情況下，從出射面1824射出的光線L1的偏振方向LP與反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP平行，因此顯示裝置12射出的光線L1能夠穿透電控液晶偏振片18。當電控液晶偏振片18通電時，液晶盒1826中的液晶分子被轉 動，如圖4所示，光線L1從入射面1824射入液晶盒1826後，光線L1會從P偏振光改變為S偏振光，也就是由偏振方向LP變為偏振方向LS，因此從出射面1824射出的光線L1的偏振方向LS垂直於反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP，導致反射式偏振片184反射從出射面1824射出的光線L1。換言之，在電控液晶偏振片18通電的情況下，從出射面1824射出的光線L1的偏振方向LS與反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP垂直，因此顯示裝置12射出的光線L1會被電控液晶偏振片18反射。 In order to make it easier to understand, an embodiment is used to illustrate the non-energized state and the energized state of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18. Assuming that the light L1 emitted by the display device 12 is P-polarized light and the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184 is in the horizontal direction, when the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 is not energized, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 1826 will not rotate. As shown in Figure 3, after the light L1 enters the liquid crystal cell 1826 from the incident surface 1824, the polarization direction LP of the light L1 will not be changed, so the polarization direction LP of the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 is parallel to the reflective polarizer 184 The optical axis RPP can penetrate the reflective polarizer 184. In other words, when the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 is not energized, the polarization direction LP of the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 is parallel to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, so the light L1 emitted by the display device 12 can penetrate Electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18. When the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 is energized, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 1826 are turned As shown in Figure 4, after the light L1 enters the liquid crystal cell 1826 from the incident surface 1824, the light L1 will change from P-polarized light to S-polarized light, that is, from the polarization direction LP to the polarization direction LS, so from the exit surface The polarization direction LS of the light L1 emitted by 1824 is perpendicular to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, which causes the reflective polarizer 184 to reflect the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824. In other words, when the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 is energized, the polarization direction LS of the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 is perpendicular to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, so the light L1 emitted by the display device 12 will be electrically controlled The liquid crystal polarizer 18 reflects.

在另一實施例中，假設反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP仍為水平方向，但顯示裝置12射出的光線L1為S偏振光。在電控液晶偏振片18未通電的情況下，液晶盒1826中的液晶分子不會轉動，光線L1從入射面1824射入液晶盒1826後，光線L1的偏振方向LS不會被改變，因此從出射面1824射出的光線L1的偏振方向LS垂直於反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP，導致反射式偏振片184反射從出射面1824射出的光線L1。換言之，在電控液晶偏振片18未通電的情況下，從出射面1824射出的光線L1的偏振方向LS與反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP垂直，因此顯示裝置12射出的光線L1會被電控液晶偏振片18反射。當電控液晶偏振片18通電時，液晶盒1826中的液晶分子被轉動，光線L1從入射面1824射入液晶盒1826後，光線L1會從S偏振光改變為P偏振光，因此從出射面1824射出的光線L1的偏振方向LP平行於反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP，從出射面1824射出的光線L1將穿透反射式偏振片184。換言之，在電控液晶偏振片18通電的情況下，從出射面1824射出的光線L1的偏振方向LP與反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP平行，因此顯示裝置12射出的光線L1能夠穿透電控液晶偏振片18。 In another embodiment, it is assumed that the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184 is still in the horizontal direction, but the light L1 emitted by the display device 12 is S-polarized light. When the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 is not energized, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 1826 will not rotate. After the light L1 enters the liquid crystal cell 1826 from the incident surface 1824, the polarization direction LS of the light L1 will not be changed. The polarization direction LS of the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 is perpendicular to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, which causes the reflective polarizer 184 to reflect the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824. In other words, when the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 is not energized, the polarization direction LS of the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 is perpendicular to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, so the light L1 emitted by the display device 12 will be electrically charged. Control the reflection of the liquid crystal polarizer 18. When the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 is energized, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 1826 are rotated. After the light L1 enters the liquid crystal cell 1826 from the incident surface 1824, the light L1 will change from S-polarized light to P-polarized light, so from the exit surface The polarization direction LP of the light L1 emitted by 1824 is parallel to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, and the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 will pass through the reflective polarizer 184. In other words, when the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 is energized, the polarization direction LP of the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 is parallel to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, so the light L1 emitted by the display device 12 can penetrate the electricity.控LCD polarizer 18.

如上面二個實施例所述，電控液晶偏振片18的未通電狀態及通電狀態可以改變光線L1的光路徑，藉由電控液晶偏振片18來改變光路徑，本發明能讓顯示裝置12提供的影像投射在遠近不同位置上。上述二個實施例是為了說明電控液晶偏振片18未通電及通電時為何可以改變光線L1的路徑，本發明並不 限於上述二個實施例，例如在其他實施例中，反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP也可以是垂直方向。 As described in the above two embodiments, the non-energized state and the energized state of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 can change the light path of the light L1. By changing the light path of the light L1 by the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18, the present invention enables the display device 12 The provided images are projected at different locations near and far. The above two embodiments are to explain why the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 can change the path of the light L1 when it is not energized and when it is energized. The present invention does not Limited to the above two embodiments, for example, in other embodiments, the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184 may also be in the vertical direction.

接著說明圖1中增強現實抬頭顯示器10如何形成二個虛像A及B。參照圖1至圖5，在第一時段T1，顯示裝置12輸出影像A’，此時顯示裝置12射出的光線L1被反射鏡16反射至電控液晶偏振片18。假設顯示裝置12射出的光線L1為P偏振光、反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP為水平方向，且電控液晶偏振片18在時間T1時被通電。如圖4所示，通過外控電壓模組(未圖示)施加電壓於液晶盒1826，造成液晶盒1826中的液晶分子旋轉為預定的配向方向，例如為偏振方向LS，因此從偏振旋轉器182的入射面1822進入的光線L1的偏振方向LP將被液晶盒1826改變為偏振方向LS。由於偏振方向LS與反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP垂直，因此從出射面1824射出的光線L1被反射式偏振片184反射至擋風玻璃22。最後光線L1再被擋風玻璃22反射至人眼20，使用者因而可看見第一虛像A位於擋風玻璃22前的一第一位置上。簡單來說，在第一時段T1時，光路鏡組14將電控液晶偏振片18切換至通電狀態，以將光線L1的光路徑切換為第一子光路徑，該第一子路徑從顯示裝置12依序經反射鏡16、電控液晶偏振片18及擋風玻璃22到達人眼20。第一虛像A位於擋風玻璃22前方較遠的位置，因此第一虛像A可以是但不限於導航路徑資訊。 Next, it will be described how the augmented reality head-up display 10 in FIG. 1 forms two virtual images A and B. 1 to 5, in the first time period T1, the display device 12 outputs an image A'. At this time, the light L1 emitted by the display device 12 is reflected by the mirror 16 to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18. It is assumed that the light L1 emitted by the display device 12 is P-polarized light, the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184 is in the horizontal direction, and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 is energized at time T1. As shown in FIG. 4, applying a voltage to the liquid crystal cell 1826 through an external control voltage module (not shown) causes the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 1826 to rotate to a predetermined alignment direction, for example, the polarization direction LS. Therefore, the polarization rotator The polarization direction LP of the light L1 entering the incident surface 1822 of the 182 will be changed to the polarization direction LS by the liquid crystal cell 1826. Since the polarization direction LS is perpendicular to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 is reflected by the reflective polarizer 184 to the windshield 22. Finally, the light L1 is reflected by the windshield 22 to the human eye 20, and the user can see that the first virtual image A is located at a first position in front of the windshield 22. Simply put, in the first time period T1, the optical path mirror group 14 switches the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 to the energized state, so as to switch the optical path of the light L1 to the first sub-light path, which is from the display device 12 reaches the human eye 20 through the mirror 16, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18, and the windshield 22 in sequence. The first virtual image A is located far in front of the windshield 22, so the first virtual image A may be, but not limited to, navigation path information.

在圖5的第二時段T2，顯示裝置12輸出影像B’，此時顯示裝置12射出的光線L1同樣被反射鏡16反射至電控液晶偏振片18。由於電控液晶偏振片18在時間T2時未被通電，因此液晶盒1826中的液晶分子未被轉動，如圖3所示。從偏振旋轉器182的入射面1822進入的光線L1的偏振方向LP不會被改變。由於偏振方向LP與反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP平行，因此從出射面1824射出的光線L1將穿透反射式偏振片184並投射至人眼20，使用者因而可看見第二虛像B位於擋風玻璃22前的一第二位置上。簡單來說，在第二時段T2時，光路鏡組14將電控 液晶偏振片18切換至未通電狀態，以將光線L1的光路徑切換為第二子光路徑，該第二子路徑從顯示裝置12依序經反射鏡16及電控液晶偏振片18到達人眼20。第一位置遠於第二位置，即第一位置與擋風玻璃22的距離大於第二位置與擋風玻璃22的距離。第二虛像B位於擋風玻璃22前方較近的位置，因此第二虛像B可以是但不限於車速資訊。 In the second time period T2 in FIG. 5, the display device 12 outputs the image B'. At this time, the light L1 emitted by the display device 12 is also reflected by the mirror 16 to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18. Since the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 is not energized at the time T2, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 1826 are not rotated, as shown in FIG. 3. The polarization direction LP of the light L1 entering from the incident surface 1822 of the polarization rotator 182 will not be changed. Since the polarization direction LP is parallel to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, the light L1 emitted from the exit surface 1824 will penetrate the reflective polarizer 184 and be projected to the human eye 20, and the user can see that the second virtual image B is located at In a second position in front of the windshield 22. Simply put, in the second time period T2, the optical path mirror group 14 will be electrically controlled The liquid crystal polarizer 18 is switched to a non-energized state to switch the optical path of the light L1 to a second sub-light path. The second sub-path goes from the display device 12 through the mirror 16 and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 18 to the human eye in sequence 20. The first position is farther than the second position, that is, the distance between the first position and the windshield 22 is greater than the distance between the second position and the windshield 22. The second virtual image B is located closer to the front of the windshield 22, so the second virtual image B can be, but is not limited to, vehicle speed information.

人眼觀看一物體時，物體的影像會成像於視網膜上，並由視神經輸入人腦，人們才會感覺到物體的影像。當物體移去時，視神經對物體的印象不會立即消失，人眼仍能繼續保留該影像約0.1-0.4秒左右，這種現象被稱為視覺暫留現象。本發明是利用此視覺暫留特性，讓人眼可以同時看見第一虛像A及第二虛像B，進而達成一個顯示裝置12同時顯示多種影像。因此圖1中的顯示裝置12會反覆輸出影像A’及影像B’，而且二個影像A’的時間間距(即第二時段T2)以及二個影像B’的時間間距(即第一時段T1)皆小於或等於0.1秒。換言之，影像A’及影像B’的幀率(或是第一虛像A及第二虛像B的幀率)大於或等於10fps。 When the human eye views an object, the image of the object will be imaged on the retina and input into the human brain by the optic nerve, so that people can feel the image of the object. When the object is removed, the impression of the optic nerve on the object will not disappear immediately, and the human eye can still retain the image for about 0.1-0.4 seconds. This phenomenon is called persistence of vision. The present invention utilizes this visual persistence feature to allow human eyes to see the first virtual image A and the second virtual image B at the same time, thereby achieving a display device 12 that simultaneously displays multiple images. Therefore, the display device 12 in FIG. 1 repeatedly outputs the image A'and the image B', and the time interval between the two images A'(ie the second period T2) and the time interval between the two images B'(ie the first period T1) ) Are less than or equal to 0.1 seconds. In other words, the frame rate of the image A'and the image B'(or the frame rate of the first virtual image A and the second virtual image B) is greater than or equal to 10 fps.

圖6顯示本發明增強現實抬頭顯示器的第二實施例。在圖6中，增強現實抬頭顯示器30包括一顯示裝置32及一光路鏡組34。顯示裝置32用以射出光線L1至光路鏡組34以在擋風玻璃22前形成第一虛像A或第二虛像B，其中該光線L1可以是一影像，且光線L1為一S偏振光或一P偏振光。一般而言，S偏振光的偏振方向LS為垂直方向，而P偏振光的偏振方向LP為水平方向。顯示裝置32可以是但不限於顯示器或投影裝置。光路鏡組34設置於光線L1的一光路徑上，光路鏡組34可以改變該光路徑以將光線L1投射到不同位置，進而在擋風玻璃22前的第一位置形成第一虛像A或在擋風玻璃22前的第二位置形成第二虛像B。光路鏡組34包含一電控液晶偏振片36及一反射鏡38。電控液晶偏振片36與反射鏡38皆設置在該光路徑上，且電控液晶偏振片36位於反射鏡38與顯示裝置32之間。來自顯示裝置32的光線L1可以穿透電控液晶偏振片36或被電控液晶偏振片36反 射，反射鏡38反射來自電控液晶偏振片36的光線L1。電控液晶偏振片36包含一偏振旋轉器362及一反射式偏振片364，反射式偏振片364是貼合偏振旋轉器362的出射面。電控液晶偏振片36的結構及操作原理可以參照圖2、圖3及圖4，於此不再贅述。 Fig. 6 shows the second embodiment of the augmented reality head-up display of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the augmented reality head-up display 30 includes a display device 32 and an optical path mirror group 34. The display device 32 is used for emitting light L1 to the optical path lens group 34 to form a first virtual image A or a second virtual image B in front of the windshield 22, where the light L1 can be an image, and the light L1 is an S-polarized light or a P polarized light. Generally speaking, the polarization direction LS of S-polarized light is the vertical direction, and the polarization direction LP of P-polarized light is the horizontal direction. The display device 32 may be, but is not limited to, a display or a projection device. The light path mirror group 34 is arranged on a light path of the light L1. The light path mirror group 34 can change the light path to project the light L1 to different positions, and then form a first virtual image A at the first position in front of the windshield 22 or The second position in front of the windshield 22 forms a second virtual image B. The optical path mirror group 34 includes an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 and a reflecting mirror 38. The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 and the mirror 38 are both arranged on the light path, and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 is located between the mirror 38 and the display device 32. The light L1 from the display device 32 can pass through the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 or be reversed by the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36. The reflecting mirror 38 reflects the light L1 from the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36. The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 includes a polarization rotator 362 and a reflective polarizer 364, and the reflective polarizer 364 is attached to the exit surface of the polarization rotator 362. The structure and operating principle of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 can be referred to FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, and will not be repeated here.

參照圖3及圖6，在第一時段T1，顯示裝置32輸出影像A’。假設顯示裝置32射出的光線L1為P偏振光，反射式偏振片364的光軸RPP為水平方向，而且電控液晶偏振片36在時間T1時被通電。如圖4所示，偏振旋轉器362被通電後，偏振旋轉器362的液晶盒的液晶分子被旋轉，因此從偏振旋轉器362的入射面(如圖4的入射面1822)進入的光線L1的偏振方向LP將被改變為偏振方向LS。由於偏振方向LS與反射式偏振片364的光軸RPP垂直，因此從偏振旋轉器362的出射面(如圖4的出射面1824)射出的光線L1被反射式偏振片364反射至反射鏡38。反射鏡38再將來自電控液晶偏振片36的光線L1反射至擋風玻璃22。最後光線L1再被擋風玻璃22反射至人眼20，使用者因而可看見第一虛像A位於擋風玻璃22前的一第一位置上。簡單來說，在第一時段T1時，光路鏡組34將電控液晶偏振片36切換至通電狀態，以將光線L1的光路徑切換為第一子光路徑，該第一子路徑從顯示裝置32依序經電控液晶偏振片36、反射鏡38及擋風玻璃22後到達人眼20。第一虛像A位於擋風玻璃22前方較遠的位置，因此第一虛像A可以是但不限於導航路徑資訊。 3 and 6, in the first time period T1, the display device 32 outputs the image A'. Assuming that the light L1 emitted by the display device 32 is P-polarized light, the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 364 is in the horizontal direction, and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 is energized at time T1. As shown in FIG. 4, after the polarization rotator 362 is energized, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell of the polarization rotator 362 are rotated, so the light L1 entering from the incident surface of the polarization rotator 362 (incident surface 1822 in FIG. 4) The polarization direction LP will be changed to the polarization direction LS. Since the polarization direction LS is perpendicular to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 364, the light L1 emitted from the exit surface of the polarization rotator 362 (the exit surface 1824 in FIG. 4) is reflected by the reflective polarizer 364 to the mirror 38. The mirror 38 then reflects the light L1 from the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 to the windshield 22. Finally, the light L1 is reflected by the windshield 22 to the human eye 20, and the user can see that the first virtual image A is located at a first position in front of the windshield 22. To put it simply, in the first time period T1, the optical path mirror group 34 switches the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 to the energized state, so as to switch the optical path of the light L1 to the first sub-light path from the display device 32 sequentially passes through the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36, the reflector 38, and the windshield 22 to reach the human eye 20. The first virtual image A is located far in front of the windshield 22, so the first virtual image A may be, but not limited to, navigation path information.

在第二時段T2，顯示裝置32輸出影像B’，且電控液晶偏振片36未被通電。由於電控液晶偏振片36的偏振旋轉器362未被通電，因此偏振旋轉器362的液晶盒的液晶分子未旋轉。從偏振旋轉器362的入射面(如圖3的入射面1822)進入的光線L1的偏振方向LP不會被改變。偏振方向LP與反射式偏振片184的光軸RPP平行，因此從出射面(如圖3的出射面1824)射出的光線L1將穿透反射式偏振片364並投射至擋風玻璃22。最後擋風玻璃22再將光線L1反射至人眼20， 使用者因而可看見第二虛像B位於擋風玻璃22前的一第二位置上。簡單來說，在第二時段T2時，光路鏡組34將電控液晶偏振片36切換至未通電狀態，以將光線L1的光路徑切換為第二子光路徑，該第二子路徑從顯示裝置32依序經電控液晶偏振片36及擋風玻璃22後到達人眼20。第一位置遠於第二位置，即第一位置與擋風玻璃22的距離大於第二位置與擋風玻璃22的距離。第二虛像B位於擋風玻璃22前方較近的位置，因此第二虛像B可以是但不限於車速資訊。 In the second time period T2, the display device 32 outputs the image B', and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 is not energized. Since the polarization rotator 362 of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 is not energized, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell of the polarization rotator 362 are not rotated. The polarization direction LP of the light L1 entering from the incident surface of the polarization rotator 362 (such as the incident surface 1822 in FIG. 3) will not be changed. The polarization direction LP is parallel to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 184, so the light L1 emitted from the exit surface (exit surface 1824 in FIG. 3) will pass through the reflective polarizer 364 and be projected to the windshield 22. Finally, the windshield 22 reflects the light L1 to the human eye 20, The user can thus see that the second virtual image B is located at a second position in front of the windshield 22. To put it simply, in the second time period T2, the optical path mirror group 34 switches the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 to the non-energized state, so as to switch the optical path of the light L1 to the second sub-optical path, which is changed from the display The device 32 reaches the human eye 20 through the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 36 and the windshield 22 in sequence. The first position is farther than the second position, that is, the distance between the first position and the windshield 22 is greater than the distance between the second position and the windshield 22. The second virtual image B is located closer to the front of the windshield 22, so the second virtual image B can be, but is not limited to, vehicle speed information.

圖6中的顯示裝置32會反覆輸出影像A’及影像B’，而且二個影像A’的時間間距(即第二時段T2)以及二個影像B’的時間間距(即第一時段T1)皆小於或等於0.1秒。換言之，影像A’及影像B’的幀率(或是第一虛像A及第二虛像B的幀率)大於或等於10fps。根據視覺暫留特性，圖6的增強現實抬頭顯示器30可以讓使用者同時看見第一虛像A及第二虛像B，進而達成一個顯示裝置32同時顯示多種影像。 The display device 32 in FIG. 6 repeatedly outputs the image A'and the image B', and the time interval between the two images A'(ie the second time period T2) and the time interval between the two images B'(ie the first time period T1) Both are less than or equal to 0.1 seconds. In other words, the frame rate of the image A'and the image B'(or the frame rate of the first virtual image A and the second virtual image B) is greater than or equal to 10 fps. According to the visual persistence characteristics, the augmented reality head-up display 30 of FIG. 6 can allow the user to see the first virtual image A and the second virtual image B at the same time, thereby achieving a display device 32 to display multiple images at the same time.

圖7顯示本發明增強現實抬頭顯示器的第三實施例。在圖7中，增強現實抬頭顯示器40包括一顯示裝置42及一光路鏡組44。顯示裝置42用以射出光線L1至光路鏡組44以在擋風玻璃22前形成第一虛像A、第二虛像B或第三虛像C，其中該光線L1可以是一影像，且光線L1為一S偏振光或一P偏振光。一般而言，S偏振光的偏振方向LS為垂直方向，而P偏振光的偏振方向LP為水平方向。顯示裝置42可以是但不限於顯示器或投影裝置。光路鏡組44設置在光線L1的光路徑上，光路鏡組44可以改變該光路徑。以將光線L1投射到不同位置，進而在擋風玻璃22前的第一位置形成第一虛像A、在擋風玻璃22前的第二位置形成第二虛像B或在擋風玻璃22前的第三位置形成第三虛像C。光路鏡組44包含一第一電控液晶偏振片46及一第二電控液晶偏振片48。第一電控液晶偏振片46及第二電控液晶偏振片48皆設置在該光路徑上，且第二電控液晶偏振片48位於第一電控液晶偏振片46與顯示裝置42之間。來自顯示裝置42的光線L1可以穿透電控液晶 偏振片46或被電控液晶偏振片46反射。來自電控液晶偏振片46的光線L1可以穿透電控液晶偏振片48或被電控液晶偏振片48反射。第一電控液晶偏振片46包含一偏振旋轉器462及一反射式偏振片464，反射式偏振片464是貼合偏振旋轉器462的出射面。第二電控液晶偏振片48包含一偏振旋轉器482及一反射式偏振片484，反射式偏振片484是貼合偏振旋轉器482的出射面。第一電控液晶偏振片46及第二電控液晶偏振片48的結構及操作原理可以參照圖2、圖3及圖4，於此不再贅述。 Fig. 7 shows a third embodiment of the augmented reality head-up display of the present invention. In FIG. 7, the augmented reality head-up display 40 includes a display device 42 and an optical path mirror group 44. The display device 42 is used for emitting light L1 to the optical path lens group 44 to form a first virtual image A, a second virtual image B, or a third virtual image C in front of the windshield 22, where the light L1 can be an image, and the light L1 is a S polarized light or one P polarized light. Generally speaking, the polarization direction LS of S-polarized light is the vertical direction, and the polarization direction LP of P-polarized light is the horizontal direction. The display device 42 may be, but is not limited to, a display or a projection device. The light path mirror group 44 is arranged on the light path of the light L1, and the light path mirror group 44 can change the light path. In order to project the light L1 to different positions, the first virtual image A is formed at the first position in front of the windshield 22, the second virtual image B is formed at the second position in front of the windshield 22, or the first virtual image B is formed in front of the windshield 22. Three positions form a third virtual image C. The optical path mirror group 44 includes a first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 and a second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48. The first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 are both arranged on the light path, and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 is located between the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 and the display device 42. The light L1 from the display device 42 can penetrate the electronically controlled liquid crystal The polarizer 46 may be reflected by the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46. The light L1 from the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 can pass through the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 or be reflected by the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48. The first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 includes a polarization rotator 462 and a reflective polarizer 464. The reflective polarizer 464 is attached to the exit surface of the polarization rotator 462. The second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 includes a polarization rotator 482 and a reflective polarizer 484, and the reflective polarizer 484 is attached to the exit surface of the polarization rotator 482. The structure and operation principle of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 can be referred to FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, which will not be repeated here.

圖8顯示圖7中顯示裝置42輸出三個不同影像的實施例，顯示裝置12依序輸出影像A’、影像B’及影像C’。參照圖7及圖8，在第一時段T1，顯示裝置42輸出影像A’。假設顯示裝置42射出的光線L1為P偏振光，而且第一電控液晶偏振片46及第二電控液晶偏振片48在時間T1時被通電。如圖4所示，第一電控液晶偏振片46的偏振旋轉器462被通電後，偏振旋轉器462的液晶盒的液晶分子被旋轉，因此從偏振旋轉器462的入射面(如圖4的入射面1822)進入的光線L1的偏振方向LP將被改變為偏振方向LS。由於偏振方向LS與反射式偏振片464的光軸RPP垂直，因此從偏振旋轉器462的出射面(如圖4的出射面1824)射出的光線L1被反射式偏振片464反射至第二電控液晶偏振片48。因為第二電控液晶偏振片48的偏振旋轉器482也被通電，偏振旋轉器482的液晶盒的液晶分子被旋轉，從偏振旋轉器482的入射面(如圖4的入射面1822)進入的光線L1的偏振方向LP將被改變為偏振方向LS。由於偏振方向LS與反射式偏振片484的光軸RPP垂直，因此從偏振旋轉器482的出射面(如圖4的出射面1824)射出的光線L1被反射式偏振片484反射至至擋風玻璃22。最後光線L1再被擋風玻璃22反射至人眼20，使用者因而可看見第一虛像A位於擋風玻璃22前的一第一位置上。簡單來說，在第一時段T1時，光路鏡組44將第一電控液晶偏振片46及第二電控液晶偏振片48切換至通電狀態，以將光線L1的光路徑切換為第一子光路徑，該第一子路徑從顯示裝置42依序經 第一電控液晶偏振片46、第二電控液晶偏振片48及擋風玻璃22後到達人眼20。 FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the display device 42 in FIG. 7 outputs three different images, and the display device 12 sequentially outputs image A', image B', and image C'. 7 and 8, in the first time period T1, the display device 42 outputs the image A'. It is assumed that the light L1 emitted by the display device 42 is P-polarized light, and the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 are energized at time T1. As shown in FIG. 4, after the polarization rotator 462 of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 is energized, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell of the polarization rotator 462 are rotated, so from the incident surface of the polarization rotator 462 (as shown in FIG. 4) The polarization direction LP of the light L1 entering the incident surface 1822) will be changed to the polarization direction LS. Since the polarization direction LS is perpendicular to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 464, the light L1 emitted from the exit surface of the polarization rotator 462 (the exit surface 1824 in FIG. 4) is reflected by the reflective polarizer 464 to the second electronic control panel. Liquid crystal polarizer 48. Because the polarization rotator 482 of the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 is also energized, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell of the polarization rotator 482 are rotated and enter from the incident surface of the polarization rotator 482 (the incident surface 1822 in FIG. 4). The polarization direction LP of the light L1 will be changed to the polarization direction LS. Since the polarization direction LS is perpendicular to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 484, the light L1 emitted from the exit surface of the polarization rotator 482 (the exit surface 1824 in FIG. 4) is reflected by the reflective polarizer 484 to the windshield twenty two. Finally, the light L1 is reflected by the windshield 22 to the human eye 20, and the user can see that the first virtual image A is located at a first position in front of the windshield 22. Simply put, in the first time period T1, the optical path mirror group 44 switches the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 to the energized state, so as to switch the optical path of the light L1 to the first sub Light path, the first sub-path passes through the display device 42 sequentially The first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46, the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 and the windshield 22 reach the human eye 20 afterwards.

在第二時段T2，顯示裝置42輸出影像B’。假設在第二時段T2時，第一電控液晶偏振片46被通電，而第二電控液晶偏振片48未通電。如前所述，通電的第一電控液晶偏振片46會將來自顯示裝置42的光線L1反射至第二電控液晶偏振片48。由於第二電控液晶偏振片48的偏振旋轉器482未被通電，因此從偏振旋轉器482的入射面(如圖3的入射面1822)進入的光線L1的偏振方向LP不會被改變。偏振方向LP與反射式偏振片484的光軸RPP平行，因此從偏振旋轉器482的出射面(如圖3的出射面1824)射出的光線L1將穿透反射式偏振片484並投射至人眼20，使用者因而可看見第二虛像B位於擋風玻璃22前的一第二位置上。簡單來說，在第二時段T2時，光路鏡組44將第一電控液晶偏振片46切換為通電狀態以及將第二電控液晶偏振片48切換至未通電狀態，以將光線L1的光路徑切換為第二子光路徑，該第二子路徑從顯示裝置42依序經第一電控液晶偏振片46及第二電控液晶偏振片48後到達人眼20。 In the second period T2, the display device 42 outputs the image B'. Assume that during the second time period T2, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 is energized, but the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 is not energized. As mentioned above, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 that is energized will reflect the light L1 from the display device 42 to the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48. Since the polarization rotator 482 of the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 is not energized, the polarization direction LP of the light L1 entering from the incident surface of the polarization rotator 482 (such as the incident surface 1822 in FIG. 3) will not be changed. The polarization direction LP is parallel to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 484, so the light L1 emitted from the exit surface of the polarization rotator 482 (the exit surface 1824 in FIG. 3) will penetrate the reflective polarizer 484 and be projected to the human eye 20. Therefore, the user can see that the second virtual image B is located at a second position in front of the windshield 22. To put it simply, in the second time period T2, the optical path lens group 44 switches the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 to the energized state and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 to the non-energized state, so as to reduce the light of the light L1. The path is switched to a second sub-light path, which goes from the display device 42 to the human eye 20 through the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 in sequence.

在第三時段T3，顯示裝置42輸出影像C’。假設在第三時段T3時，第一電控液晶偏振片46及第二電控液晶偏振片48皆未通電。由於第一電控液晶偏振片46的偏振旋轉器462未被通電，因此從偏振旋轉器462的入射面(如圖3的入射面1822)進入的光線L1的偏振方向LP不會被改變。偏振方向LP與反射式偏振片464的光軸RPP平行，因此從偏振旋轉器462的出射面(如圖3的出射面1824)射出的光線L1將穿透反射式偏振片464並投射至擋風玻璃22。最後，擋風玻璃22再將光線L1反射至人眼20，使用者因而可看見第三虛像C位於擋風玻璃22前的一第三位置上。簡單來說，在第三時段T3時，光路鏡組44將第一電控液晶偏振片46及第二電控液晶偏振片48切換至未通電狀態，以將光線L1的光路徑切換為第三子光路徑，該第三子路徑從顯示裝置42依序經第一電控液晶偏振片46及擋風玻璃22後到達人眼20。該第一位置遠於該第三位置，且該第三位置遠於該第二位置。 換言之，第一位置與擋風玻璃22的距離大於第三位置與擋風玻璃22的距離，而第三位置與擋風玻璃22的距離大於第二位置與擋風玻璃22的距離。 In the third period T3, the display device 42 outputs the image C'. It is assumed that during the third time period T3, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 are not energized. Since the polarization rotator 462 of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 is not energized, the polarization direction LP of the light L1 entering from the incident surface of the polarization rotator 462 (incident surface 1822 in FIG. 3) will not be changed. The polarization direction LP is parallel to the optical axis RPP of the reflective polarizer 464, so the light L1 emitted from the exit surface of the polarization rotator 462 (the exit surface 1824 in FIG. 3) will penetrate the reflective polarizer 464 and be projected to the windshield Glass 22. Finally, the windshield 22 reflects the light L1 to the human eye 20 so that the user can see that the third virtual image C is located at a third position in front of the windshield 22. To put it simply, in the third time period T3, the optical path mirror group 44 switches the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 48 to the non-energized state, so as to switch the optical path of the light L1 to the third A sub-light path, the third sub-path from the display device 42 to the human eye 20 through the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 46 and the windshield 22 in sequence. The first position is farther than the third position, and the third position is farther than the second position. In other words, the distance between the first position and the windshield 22 is greater than the distance between the third position and the windshield 22, and the distance between the third position and the windshield 22 is greater than the distance between the second position and the windshield 22.

圖7中的顯示裝置42會反覆輸出影像A’、影像B’及影像C’，而且二個影像A’的時間間距(即T2+T3)、二個影像B’的時間間距(即T1+T3)以及二個影像C’的時間間距(即T1+T2)皆小於或等於0.1秒。換言之，影像A’、影像B’及影像C’的幀率(或是第一虛像A、第二虛像B及第三虛像C的幀率)大於或等於10fps。根據視覺暫留特性，圖7的增強現實抬頭顯示器40可以讓使用者同時看見第一虛像A、第二虛像B及第三虛像C，進而達成一個顯示裝置42同時顯示多種影像。 The display device 42 in FIG. 7 repeatedly outputs image A', image B', and image C', and the time interval between two images A'(ie T2+T3) and the time interval between two images B'(ie T1+ T3) and the time interval between the two images C′ (ie, T1+T2) are both less than or equal to 0.1 second. In other words, the frame rate of the image A', the image B', and the image C'(or the frame rate of the first virtual image A, the second virtual image B, and the third virtual image C) is greater than or equal to 10 fps. According to the visual persistence characteristic, the augmented reality head-up display 40 of FIG. 7 can allow the user to see the first virtual image A, the second virtual image B, and the third virtual image C at the same time, thereby achieving a display device 42 that simultaneously displays multiple images.

以上所述僅是本發明的實施例而已，並非對本發明做任何形式上的限制，雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然而並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明技術方案的範圍內，當可利用上述揭示的技術內容作出些許更動或修飾為等同變化的等效實施例，但凡是未脫離本發明技術方案的內容，依據本發明的技術實質對以上實施例所作的任何簡單修改、等同變化與修飾，均仍屬於本發明技術方案的範圍內。 The above are only the embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field, Without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, when the technical content disclosed above can be used to make slight changes or modification into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but any content that does not depart from the technical solution of the present invention is based on the technical essence of the present invention Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

10:增強現實抬頭顯示器 10: Augmented reality head-up display

12:顯示裝置 12: display device

14:光路鏡組 14: Optical path mirror group

16:反射鏡 16: reflector

18:電控液晶偏振片 18: Electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizer

182:偏振旋轉器 182: Polarization rotator

184:反射式偏振片 184: reflective polarizer

20:人眼 20: Human Eye

22:擋風玻璃 22: Windshield

A:第一虛像 A: The first virtual image

B:第二虛像 B: The second virtual image

L1:光線 L1: light

Claims (16)

一種增強現實抬頭顯示器，包括：一顯示裝置，用以射出一光線；以及一光路鏡組，設置於該光線的一光路徑上，包含一電控液晶偏振片設置於該光路徑上：其中，該電控液晶偏振片包括：一偏振旋轉器，具有一入射面及一出射面，其中在該偏振旋轉器被通電時，該偏振旋轉器改變從該入射面進入的該光線的偏振方向；以及一反射式偏振片，設置於該出射面，且該反射式偏振片具有一光軸，其中當從該出射面射出的該光線的該偏振方向與該光軸平行時，從該出射面射出的該光線穿透該反射式偏振片，當從該出射面射出的該光線的該偏振方向與該光軸垂直時，該反射式偏振片反射從該出射面射出的該光線；其中，該反射式偏振片平行於該偏振旋轉器；其中，在一第一時段，該電控液晶偏振片反射該光線以在一第一位置形成一第一虛像；其中，在一第二時段，該光線穿透該電控液晶偏振片以在一第二位置形成一第二虛像。 An augmented reality head-up display, comprising: a display device for emitting a light; and an optical path mirror group arranged on a light path of the light, including an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer arranged on the light path: wherein, The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer includes: a polarization rotator having an entrance surface and an exit surface, wherein when the polarization rotator is energized, the polarization rotator changes the polarization direction of the light entering from the entrance surface; and A reflective polarizer is disposed on the exit surface, and the reflective polarizer has an optical axis, wherein when the polarization direction of the light emitted from the exit surface is parallel to the optical axis, the light emitted from the exit surface The light penetrates the reflective polarizer, and when the polarization direction of the light emitted from the exit surface is perpendicular to the optical axis, the reflective polarizer reflects the light emitted from the exit surface; wherein, the reflective polarizer The polarizer is parallel to the polarization rotator; wherein, in a first period, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer reflects the light to form a first virtual image in a first position; wherein, in a second period, the light penetrates The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer forms a second virtual image at a second position. 如請求項1之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該光路鏡組更包括一反射鏡，設置於該光路徑上且位於該電控液晶偏振片與該顯示裝置之間，該反射鏡用以將來自該顯示裝置的該光線反射至該電控液晶偏振片。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 1, wherein the optical path mirror group further includes a reflector disposed on the optical path and located between the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizer and the display device, and the reflector is used to transmit data from the The light from the display device is reflected to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer. 如請求項1之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該光路鏡組更包括一反 射鏡，設置於該光路徑上，且該電控液晶偏振片位於該反射鏡與該顯示裝置之間，其中在該第一時段，該反射鏡反射來自該電控液晶偏振片的該光線以在該第一位置形成該第一虛像。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 1, wherein the optical path lens group further includes a mirror The reflecting mirror is arranged on the light path, and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer is located between the reflecting mirror and the display device, wherein in the first period of time, the reflecting mirror reflects the light from the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer to The first virtual image is formed at the first position. 如請求項1之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該顯示裝置為一顯示器或一投影裝置。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 1, wherein the display device is a display or a projection device. 如請求項1之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該顯示裝置射出的該光線為一S偏振光或一P偏振光。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 1, wherein the light emitted by the display device is an S-polarized light or a P-polarized light. 如請求項1之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該第一虛像及該第二虛像的幀率大於或等於10fps。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 1, wherein the frame rate of the first virtual image and the second virtual image is greater than or equal to 10 fps. 如請求項1之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該第一位置遠於該第二位置。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 1, wherein the first position is farther than the second position. 如請求項1之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該光路徑包括一第一子光路徑及一第二子光路徑，該光路鏡組切換該電控液晶偏振片的通電狀態及未通電狀態，以在該第一時段將該光路徑切換至該第一子光路徑以形成該第一虛像，在該第二時段將該光路徑切換至該第二子光路徑以形成該第二虛像。 Such as the augmented reality head-up display of claim 1, wherein the light path includes a first sub-light path and a second sub-light path, and the light path lens group switches the energized state and the non-energized state of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer to In the first time period, the light path is switched to the first sub-light path to form the first virtual image, and in the second time period the light path is switched to the second sub-light path to form the second virtual image. 一種增強現實抬頭顯示器，包括：一顯示裝置，用以射出一光線；以及一光路鏡組，設置於該光線的一光路徑上，包含：一第一電控液晶偏振片，設置於該光路徑上；以及一第二電控液晶偏振片，設置於該光路徑上且位於該第一電控液晶偏振片與該顯示裝置之間；其中，在一第一時段，該第一電控液晶偏振片反射來自該顯示裝置的該光線，且該第二電控液晶偏振片反射來自該第一電控液晶偏 振片的該光線以在一第一位置形成一第一虛像；其中，在一第二時段，該第一電控液晶偏振片反射來自該顯示裝置的該光線，且來自該第一電控液晶偏振片的該光線穿透該第二電控液晶偏振片以在一第二位置形成一第二虛像；其中，在一第三時段，來自該顯示裝置的該光線穿透該第一電控液晶偏振片以在一第三位置形成一第三虛像。 An augmented reality head-up display, including: a display device for emitting a light; and a light path mirror group, arranged on a light path of the light, including: a first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer, arranged on the light path On; and a second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer disposed on the light path and located between the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer and the display device; wherein, in a first period of time, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer The sheet reflects the light from the display device, and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer reflects from the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer The light of the vibrating plate forms a first virtual image at a first position; wherein, in a second period of time, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer reflects the light from the display device and comes from the first electrically controlled liquid crystal The light of the polarizer penetrates the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer to form a second virtual image at a second position; wherein, in a third period of time, the light from the display device penetrates the first electrically controlled liquid crystal The polarizer forms a third virtual image at a third position. 如請求項9之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該第一電控液晶偏振片包括：一偏振旋轉器，具有一入射面及一出射面，其中來自該顯示裝置的該光線入射至該入射面，以及在該偏振旋轉器被通電時，該偏振旋轉器改變從該入射面進入的該光線的偏振方向；以及一反射式偏振片，設置於該出射面，且該反射式偏振片具有一光軸，其中當從該出射面射出的該光線的該偏振方向與該光軸平行時，從該出射面射出的該光線穿透該反射式偏振片，當從該出射面射出的該光線的該偏振方向與該光軸垂直時，該反射式偏振片反射從該出射面射出的該光線。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 9, wherein the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer includes: a polarization rotator having an incident surface and an exit surface, wherein the light from the display device is incident on the incident surface, and When the polarization rotator is energized, the polarization rotator changes the polarization direction of the light entering from the incident surface; and a reflective polarizer is disposed on the exit surface, and the reflective polarizer has an optical axis, Wherein when the polarization direction of the light emitted from the exit surface is parallel to the optical axis, the light emitted from the exit surface penetrates the reflective polarizer, and when the polarization direction of the light emitted from the exit surface is When perpendicular to the optical axis, the reflective polarizer reflects the light emitted from the exit surface. 如請求項9之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該第二電控液晶偏振片包括：一偏振旋轉器，具有一入射面及一出射面，其中來自該第一電控液晶偏振片的該光線入射至該入射面，以及在該偏振旋轉器被通電時，該偏振旋轉器改變從該入射面進入的該光線的偏振方向；以及一反射式偏振片，設置於該出射面，且該反射式偏振片具有一光軸，其中當從該出射面射出的該光線的該偏振方向與該光軸平行時， 從該出射面射出的該光線穿透該反射式偏振片，當從該出射面射出的該光線的該偏振方向與該光軸垂直時，該反射式偏振片反射從該出射面射出的該光線。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 9, wherein the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer includes: a polarization rotator having an incident surface and an exit surface, wherein the light from the first electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer is incident on The incident surface, and when the polarization rotator is energized, the polarization rotator changes the polarization direction of the light entering from the incident surface; and a reflective polarizer is disposed on the exit surface, and the reflective polarizer Has an optical axis, wherein when the polarization direction of the light emitted from the exit surface is parallel to the optical axis, The light emitted from the exit surface penetrates the reflective polarizer, and when the polarization direction of the light emitted from the exit surface is perpendicular to the optical axis, the reflective polarizer reflects the light emitted from the exit surface . 如請求項9之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該顯示裝置為一顯示器或一投影裝置。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 9, wherein the display device is a display or a projection device. 如請求項9之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該顯示裝置射出的該光線為一S偏振光或一P偏振光。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 9, wherein the light emitted by the display device is an S-polarized light or a P-polarized light. 如請求項9之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該第一虛像、該第二虛像及該第三虛像的幀率大於或等於10fps。 For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 9, wherein the frame rate of the first virtual image, the second virtual image, and the third virtual image is greater than or equal to 10 fps. 如請求項9之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該第一位置遠於該第三位置，且該第三位置遠於該第二位置。 Such as the augmented reality head-up display of claim 9, wherein the first position is farther than the third position, and the third position is farther than the second position. 如請求項9之增強現實抬頭顯示器，其中該光路徑包括一第一子光路徑、一第二子光路徑及一第二子光路徑，該光路鏡組切換該第一電控液晶偏振片及該第二電控液晶偏振片的通電狀態及未通電狀態，以在該第一時段將該光路徑切換至該第一子光路徑以形成該第一虛像，在該第二時段將該光路徑切換至該第二子光路徑以形成該第二虛像，在該第三時段將該光路徑切換至該第三子光路徑以形成該第三虛像。For example, the augmented reality head-up display of claim 9, wherein the light path includes a first sub-light path, a second sub-light path, and a second sub-light path, and the light path mirror group switches the first electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizer and The energized state and the non-energized state of the second electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizer to switch the light path to the first sub-light path during the first time period to form the first virtual image, and the light path during the second time period Switching to the second sub-light path to form the second virtual image, and switching the light path to the third sub-light path during the third time period to form the third virtual image.
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