TWI675648B - Warning device for dental patients - Google Patents
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Abstract
本發明提供一種牙科病患專用的警示裝置,包括在牙醫診療用之至少一器械的動力源端加設一可阻斷器械動力的切換開關,使該切換開關連接一控制單元,該控制單元還連接有一顯示器及一傳感器,該傳感器能接觸病患的身體;其中,病患能經由傳感器下達一警示指令,令控制單元依據該警示指令而命令該顯示器對外揭示病患的一生理指數,且該控制單元能依據該生理指數而命令該切換開關管制或阻斷所述器械的動力,據以改善傳統牙醫診療過程中欠缺專供病患專用的警示技術。 The invention provides a special warning device for dental patients. The power source of at least one instrument used in dentist diagnosis and treatment is provided with a switch capable of blocking the power of the instrument, and the switch is connected to a control unit. A display and a sensor are connected, and the sensor can contact the patient's body; wherein, the patient can issue a warning instruction through the sensor, so that the control unit instructs the display to reveal a physiological index of the patient to the outside according to the warning instruction, and the The control unit can instruct the switch to control or block the power of the device according to the physiological index, so as to improve the lack of special warning technology for patients during the traditional dentist diagnosis and treatment process.
Description
本發明涉及牙科病患於診療過程中發生不適的警示的技術,特別有關一種牙科病患專用的警示裝置。 The present invention relates to a technology for alerting a dental patient when discomfort occurs during diagnosis and treatment, and in particular to a warning device dedicated to a dental patient.
牙科診療通常包含侵入式的手術,例如為了預防或治療病患的齲齒和牙周病等口腔疾病而採取的牙齒修復、拔牙、牙結石清除及根管治療等。 Dental diagnosis and treatment usually include invasive surgery, such as dental restoration, tooth extraction, calculus removal, and root canal treatment, etc., which are used to prevent or treat dental diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease.
在上述診療過程中,常見牙科醫師使用專用器械對病患的牙齒進行拋磨、嵌夾乃至於鏜鑽等施作,雖說診療過程中一般都會對患者的患部施打適量的痳醉藥以減輕疼痛感,但是,於生理上或心理上,患者難免仍有酸、痛、痳、脹等不適的徵兆或反應;再說,由於患者的血壓、心情、神經敏感度、疼痛耐受度等各有不同,乃至於易致患者心情不安、慌張、甚至於發生危險,或影響患者的就診意願或錯過治療時機而造成患部病情的加劇。 During the above-mentioned diagnosis and treatment, common dentists use special instruments to polish, insert, and even drill the patient's teeth. Although the patient's affected area is generally treated with an appropriate amount of intoxicant to reduce the problem Pain, but physiologically or psychologically, patients will inevitably still have signs or reactions of discomfort such as acidity, pain, cramps, and swelling; besides, due to the patient's blood pressure, mood, nerve sensitivity, pain tolerance, etc. The difference is that it may easily cause the patient to feel uneasy, panic, or even cause danger, or affect the patient's willingness to go to the clinic or miss the treatment time, which will cause the disease in the affected area to worsen.
牙科診療過程中常見使用一遮布將病患的臉部加以遮蓋,並於患者的嘴部預留出一診療或手術用的窗口,憑藉該遮布來遮蔽患者的眼睛視線,以免患者目視手術過程而造成心理上的不安及慌張。 It is common to use a drape to cover the patient's face during dental diagnosis and treatment, and a window for diagnosis or surgery is reserved on the patient's mouth. The drape is used to cover the patient's eyes and prevent the patient from visually operating Psychological anxiety and panic during the process.
在現有技術中,一般可進行外科手術的醫療院所常見使用精密的監測儀器,來主動或被動的檢知病患於外科手術過程中的心跳、血壓等生理徵兆;但是,這些監測儀器或設備欠缺由牙科病患自控式或主動式的提出生理上不適的 警示機能,特別地,牙科病患進行診療時必須張大嘴口而無法說話,且當牙科病患的眼睛視線被遮布遮蔽時,牙醫師就難以從病患的口語或聲音來察覺到其有生理上不適的情形,且牙科病患也無從透過眼睛來對外下達生理上不適的指令;再說,這些監測儀器或設備的售價高昂,又非針對牙科病患通常必須遮眼的情形而專門設計,因此難供一般坊間的牙醫診所使用。 In the prior art, surgical hospitals generally use precision monitoring equipment to actively or passively detect physiological signs such as heartbeat and blood pressure during surgery; however, these monitoring instruments or equipment Lack of self-controlled or active physical discomfort by dental patients Warning function, in particular, dental patients must open their mouths and cannot speak when undergoing diagnosis and treatment, and when the dental eyes of the dental patients are covered by the cover, it is difficult for the dentist to detect the presence of the patient's spoken words or sounds Physiologically uncomfortable conditions, and dental patients ca n’t give instructions through the eyes to physical discomfort. Besides, these monitoring instruments or equipment are expensive, and they are not specifically designed for situations where dental patients usually have to cover their eyes. , So it is difficult to use in general dental clinics.
有鑑於此,本發明之目的,旨在針對牙科病患於診療過程中通常必須張口而無法說話且必須遮眼而無法透過眼睛來下達生理上不適的警示指令的情況下,改善傳統牙醫診療過程中欠缺專供牙醫病患專用的警示設備或技術。 In view of this, the object of the present invention is to improve the traditional dentist's diagnosis and treatment process when dental patients usually have to open their mouths, cannot speak, and must not cover their eyes to issue physiological discomfort warning instructions during the diagnosis and treatment. There is a lack of warning equipment or technology specifically for dentist patients.
為此,本發明一較佳的技術方案,是以量測牙醫病患的血壓作為警示指令,並以病患的血壓高低數值作為生理指數而產生可揭示於外的不同警示燈號或畫面,同時透過血壓高低的生理指數來管制或阻斷診療器械的動力源。 For this reason, a preferred technical solution of the present invention is to use the measurement of the blood pressure of a dentist's patient as a warning instruction, and use the patient's blood pressure level as a physiological index to generate different warning lights or pictures that can be revealed outside, At the same time, the physiological source of blood pressure is used to control or block the power source of diagnostic equipment.
本發明另一較佳的技術方案,是透過牙醫病患的手部動作來下達警示指令,並以病患手部動作的頻率、次數或強弱來作為生理指數而產生可揭示於外的不同警示燈號或畫面,同時透過手部動作的生理指數來管制或阻斷診療器械的動力源。 Another preferred technical solution of the present invention is to issue a warning instruction through a hand movement of a dentist patient, and use the frequency, number of times, or strength of the hand movement of the patient as a physiological index to generate different warnings that can be revealed to the outside. Lights or pictures, while controlling or blocking the power source of diagnostic equipment through the physiological index of hand movements.
為能實現上述技術方案,本發明於實施上提供一種牙科病患專用的警示裝置,包括:一動力源,提供牙醫診療用之至少一器械的動力,該動力源具有一可阻斷所述器械動力的切換開關;一控制單元,連接該切換開關及一顯示器;及一傳感器,一端接觸病患的身體,另一端連結至該控制單元;其中,病患能經由該傳感器下達一警示指令,該控制單元能依據該警示指令而命令該顯示器對外揭示病患的一生理指數,且該控制單元能依據該生理指數而命令該切換開關管 制或阻斷所述器械的動力。 In order to achieve the above technical solution, the present invention provides a warning device dedicated to dental patients in practice, including: a power source for providing power for at least one instrument used in dentist's diagnosis and treatment, the power source having a device capable of blocking the instrument A power switch; a control unit connected to the switch and a display; and a sensor, one end of which contacts the patient's body and the other end connected to the control unit; wherein the patient can issue a warning command through the sensor, the The control unit can instruct the display to reveal a physiological index of the patient to the outside according to the warning instruction, and the control unit can instruct the switch tube according to the physiological index. Restrain or block the power of the device.
在進一步實施中,該動力源為電源、高壓空氣源的至少其中之一。其中,該動力源為電源時,該切換開關為一繼電器;該動力源為高壓空氣源時,該切換開關為一氣壓調節器或氣壓阻斷閥。 In a further implementation, the power source is at least one of a power source and a high-pressure air source. When the power source is a power source, the switch is a relay; when the power source is a high-pressure air source, the switch is a gas pressure regulator or a gas pressure blocking valve.
在進一步實施中,該顯示器可為一具有多重燈號的顯示器或一螢幕,該顯示器能依據該生理指數之高低或強弱,而以相異的燈號、圖像或畫面來對外揭示。 In a further implementation, the display may be a display with multiple lights or a screen, and the display can be revealed to the outside with different lights, images or pictures according to the level or strength of the physiological index.
在上述實施中,該傳感器可為一血壓量測器,而以病患的血壓數值來下達該警示指令,並且產生一血壓指數作為該生理指數,該控制單元於該血壓指數高於一既定的臨界值時命令該切換開關管制或阻斷所述器械的動力。 In the above implementation, the sensor may be a blood pressure measuring device, and the warning instruction is issued based on the patient's blood pressure value, and a blood pressure index is generated as the physiological index, and the control unit generates a blood pressure index higher than a predetermined blood pressure index. At the critical value, the switch is commanded to control or block the power of the device.
在上述實施中,該傳感器亦可為提供病患以手握持的一按壓器,該按壓器能以按壓頻率、次數或壓力感測數值來下達該警示指令,並且產生該生理指數,該控制單元於該生理指數高於一既定的臨界值時命令該切換開關管制或阻斷所述器械的動力。其中,該生理指數為病患生理上產生酸、痛、痲、脹或焦慮的不適指數。 In the above-mentioned implementation, the sensor can also provide a presser held by the patient's hand. The presser can issue the warning instruction by pressing frequency, number of times or pressure sensing value, and generate the physiological index, the control The unit instructs the switch to control or block the power of the device when the physiological index is higher than a predetermined threshold. Among them, the physiological index is a discomfort index in which a patient physiologically produces acid, pain, numbness, swelling or anxiety.
根據上述技術,本發明所能產生的技術效果在於: According to the above technology, the technical effects that the present invention can produce are:
1.無需透過患者的眼睛視線、嘴部發聲或手勢動作來下達生理上的不適的信息,免於診療過程中造成牙醫師的誤判、不必要的干擾,或因病患手部勿觸或干擾診療器械,特別是高轉速的拋磨或鏜鑽器械,而發生危險。 1. No need to pass the patient's eyes, mouth sounds, or gestures to send out information about physical discomfort, to avoid misdiagnosis, unnecessary interference by the dentist during the diagnosis and treatment process, or do not touch or interfere with the patient's hand Diagnostic equipment, especially high-speed grinding or boring equipment, is dangerous.
2.於例如是病患的血壓過高、或產生酸、痛、痲、脹或焦慮等不適症狀特別緊急的情況下,可經由病患自己立即地管制、甚至是立即地阻斷所述器械的動力,以確保病患的安危。 2. For example, if the patient's blood pressure is too high, or if the symptoms of discomfort such as acid, pain, numbness, swelling or anxiety are particularly urgent, the device can be immediately controlled or even blocked by the patient himself Motivation to ensure patient safety.
3.應用動力源切換開關、控制單元、顯示器及 傳感器所組配而成的警示裝置,造價相對低廉,且是提供牙醫診療專用,因此一般坊間的牙醫診所較容易接受並採用。 3. Apply power source switch, control unit, display and The warning device composed of sensors is relatively low in cost and provided for dentist's diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, it is easier for dentist clinics in general to accept and adopt.
以上所述技術手段及其產生效能的具體實施細節,請參照下列實施例及圖式加以說明。 For specific implementation details of the above-mentioned technical means and their generating efficiency, please refer to the following embodiments and drawings for explanation.
10‧‧‧診療椅 10‧‧‧Diagnosis Chair
11‧‧‧扶手 11‧‧‧ armrest
20‧‧‧器械 20‧‧‧ Equipment
30‧‧‧切換開關 30‧‧‧Switch
40‧‧‧控制單元 40‧‧‧control unit
50‧‧‧顯示器 50‧‧‧ Display
50a‧‧‧多重燈號的顯示器 50a‧‧‧Multi-light display
50b‧‧‧螢幕 50b‧‧‧screen
60‧‧‧傳感器 60‧‧‧Sensor
60a‧‧‧血壓量測器 60a‧‧‧Blood pressure measuring device
60b‧‧‧按壓器 60b‧‧‧Presser
S‧‧‧動力源 S‧‧‧Power source
C‧‧‧警示指令 C‧‧‧Warning instructions
D‧‧‧生理指數 D‧‧‧ physiological index
P1、P2‧‧‧臨界值 P1, P2‧‧‧ critical value
圖1是本發明之一較佳實施例的立體圖;圖2是圖1中構件連結配置的示意圖;圖3是圖1中傳感器實施為血壓量測器的示意圖;圖4是將圖1中傳感器實施為按壓器的示意圖;圖5是將圖1中顯示器實施為多重燈號顯示器的示意圖;圖6是將圖1中顯示器實施為螢幕的示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a component connection configuration in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sensor in FIG. 1 implemented as a blood pressure measuring device; 5 is a schematic diagram of implementing the display in FIG. 1 into a multiple light display; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of implementing the display in FIG. 1 as a screen.
首先,請參閱圖1,揭露本發明之一種較佳實施例的態樣,說明本發明提供牙科病患專用的警示裝置,可安裝或附加於牙科病患的一診療椅10及至少一診療用器械20的周邊;其中,該診療椅10為提供病患躺臥而利於接受牙醫師診療之用,該器械20可為仰賴電力、高壓空氣或水泵驅動的拋磨、嵌夾或鏜鑽牙部用的器械,亦可是生成光或熱進行牙部診療用的器械,該診療椅10及器械20通常已存在於牙醫診療室之中,且用以驅動所述的器械20的電力、高壓空氣或水等的動力源S,也是牙醫診療室中已經具備的設施。 First, referring to FIG. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. The present invention provides a warning device dedicated to dental patients, which can be installed or attached to a dental chair 10 and at least one diagnostic chair for dental patients. Peripheral of the instrument 20; among them, the medical chair 10 is provided for the patient to lie down and is convenient for the dentist's diagnosis and treatment. The instrument 20 can be used for grinding, inserting or boring teeth relying on electricity, high pressure air or water pump drive. The instrument used may also be a device for generating dental or dental treatment by generating light or heat. The chair 10 and the instrument 20 usually exist in a dentist's office and are used to drive the electric power, high pressure air or The power source S such as water is also a facility already available in the dentist's office.
請合併參閱圖1及圖2,進一步說明該警示裝置包含有一切換開關30、一控制單元40、一顯示器50及一傳感器60。其中:該切換開關30係電連接於所述動力源S通往診療用器械20的通路之間。當該動力源S為電源時,該切換開關30可以選用繼電器並且電連接於動力源S與診療用器械20之間,以便於管制器械的轉速或阻斷器械運轉。換當該動力 源S為高壓空氣源時,該切換開關30可以選用電磁驅動的氣壓閥或氣壓阻斷閥,以便於管制高壓空氣通往器械的流量,或阻斷高壓空氣通往器械而令器械停止運轉或供氣。 Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 together to further explain that the warning device includes a switch 30, a control unit 40, a display 50 and a sensor 60. Wherein, the changeover switch 30 is electrically connected between the power source S and the path of the diagnostic instrument 20. When the power source S is a power source, the switching switch 30 can be a relay and is electrically connected between the power source S and the diagnosis and treatment instrument 20 so as to control the rotation speed of the instrument or block the operation of the instrument. Change the power When the source S is a high-pressure air source, the switch 30 can be a solenoid-operated air pressure valve or an air pressure blocking valve, so as to control the flow of high-pressure air to the device, or block the high-pressure air from passing to the device to stop the device or Gas supply.
請續參閱圖2,說明該控制單元40可由動力源S單通路供電啟動,用以處理傳感器60所下達的警示指令C,該控制單元40並能依據該警示指令C而命令該顯示器50對外揭示病患的生理指數D,以提供醫療人員(例如牙醫師)監控病患的身體狀況。具體的說,該控制單元40係電連接或電信連接該切換開關30並且電信連接該顯示器50。其中,顯示器50的電源可由動力源S單通路供電啟動。 Please continue to refer to FIG. 2, explaining that the control unit 40 can be started by power source S single-channel power supply to process the warning instruction C issued by the sensor 60, and the control unit 40 can instruct the display 50 to be disclosed to the outside according to the warning instruction C. The patient's physiological index D to provide medical personnel (such as a dentist) to monitor the patient's physical condition. Specifically, the control unit 40 is electrically or telecommunications connected to the switch 30 and telecommunications is connected to the display 50. The power of the display 50 can be started by a single-channel power supply S.
在圖1中揭示該傳感器60是配置於診療椅10的扶手11上,該傳感器60之一端接觸病患的身體,傳感器60之另一端連結至該控制單元40。 It is disclosed in FIG. 1 that the sensor 60 is disposed on the armrest 11 of the medical treatment chair 10. One end of the sensor 60 contacts the patient's body, and the other end of the sensor 60 is connected to the control unit 40.
續請配合圖3所示,揭示該傳感器可以實施為配置於診療椅10之扶手11上的一血壓量測器60a,用以束持於病患的手腕或手臂;配合圖1、圖2所示,血壓量測器60a具有管線連結至控制單元40,以便於量測病患在接受診療過程中的血壓指數作為該警示指令C,並將該警示指令C傳達至控制單元40進行信號處理及辨識,而後經由顯示器50來對外揭示病患的生理指數D。 Continue to cooperate with FIG. 3 to reveal that the sensor can be implemented as a blood pressure measuring device 60a arranged on the armrest 11 of the medical treatment chair 10 to restrain the patient's wrist or arm; Indicates that the blood pressure measuring device 60a has a pipeline connected to the control unit 40, in order to measure the blood pressure index of the patient during the diagnosis and treatment as the warning instruction C, and transmit the warning instruction C to the control unit 40 for signal processing and The patient's physiological index D is revealed through the display 50.
當病患的血壓指數處於一既定的臨界值P1範圍內時,控制單元40令顯示器50對外揭示病患的生理指數D,以供牙醫師及醫護人員監控之用;當病患的血壓指數高於該既定的臨界值P1時,控制單元40會命令上述的切換開關30立即管制或阻斷所述器械20的動力,以確保病患生命安全。其中,所述既定的臨界值P1是事前必須設定於控制單元40中,且可以是一般正常人的血管收縮壓140mmHg及血管舒張壓90mmHg數值。 When the patient's blood pressure index is within a predetermined threshold P1, the control unit 40 causes the display 50 to reveal the patient's physiological index D to the outside for monitoring by the dentist and medical staff; when the patient's blood pressure index is high When the predetermined threshold value P1 is reached, the control unit 40 will command the above-mentioned switch 30 to immediately control or block the power of the device 20 to ensure the safety of the patient's life. Wherein, the predetermined threshold P1 must be set in the control unit 40 beforehand, and can be a vasomotor pressure of 140 mmHg and a vasodilation pressure of 90 mmHg in a normal person.
續請配合圖4所示,揭示該傳感器可以實施成配 置於診療椅10之扶手11上一提供病患以手握持的按壓器60b;該按壓器60b可以是一市購的按壓計頻器、按壓計數器或按壓的壓力感測器;配合圖1、圖2所示,按壓器60b同樣具有管線連結至控制單元40,以便於傳達病患在接受診療過程中感覺不適程度的警示指令C,並將該警示指令C傳達至控制單元40進行信號處理及辨識,而後經由顯示器50來對外揭示病患的不適指數,且該不適指數即是生理指數D。 Continue to cooperate with Figure 4, revealing that the sensor can be implemented into A presser 60b provided on the armrest 11 of the medical treatment chair 10 to provide the patient with a hand; the presser 60b may be a commercially available pressing frequency counter, pressing counter, or pressing pressure sensor; cooperate with FIG. 1 As shown in FIG. 2, the pusher 60b also has a pipeline connected to the control unit 40, so as to convey the warning command C to the patient who feels uncomfortable during the diagnosis and treatment, and transmit the warning command C to the control unit 40 for signal processing. The patient's discomfort index is revealed through the display 50, and the discomfort index is the physiological index D.
進一步的說,接受診療過程中的病患,可以透過按壓器60b的按壓頻率、次數或壓力強度等,來下達病患在接受診療過程中於生理上產生酸、痛、痲、脹或焦慮等不適指數;當按壓頻率愈頻繁、按壓次數愈多或按壓壓力強度愈高時,表示所述不適指數(即生理指數D)愈強烈。更細微的說,該控制單元40內可事先設定一既定的臨界值P2,並且依〝一點點、輕微、很、非常、無法忍受〞等級來區分成不同層級。當既定的臨界值P2處於〝一點點、輕微、很、非常〞層級範圍內時,控制單元40只會令顯示器50對外揭示病患的生理指數D,以供牙醫師及醫護人員監控及判斷是否中途暫緩或停止診療;當既定的臨界值P2超出〝非常〞層級而進入〝無法忍受〞層級時,控制單元40會命令上述的切換開關30立即管制或阻斷所述器械20的動力,以確保病患的生命安全。 Further, the patient during the diagnosis and treatment can use the frequency, number of times, or pressure intensity of the presser 60b to release the patient's physiological acidity, pain, numbness, swelling or anxiety during the diagnosis and treatment. Discomfort index; when the frequency of compression is more frequent, the number of compressions is higher, or the intensity of the compression pressure is higher, it means that the discomfort index (ie, the physiological index D) is stronger. In more detail, the control unit 40 can set a predetermined threshold value P2 in advance, and can be divided into different levels according to the level of "a little, slight, very, very, unbearable". When the predetermined critical value P2 is within the range of "a little, slight, very, very", the control unit 40 will only cause the display 50 to reveal the patient's physiological index D to the outside for the dentist and medical staff to monitor and judge whether Suspend or stop diagnosis and treatment midway; when the predetermined threshold value P2 exceeds the "very" level and enters the "unbearable" level, the control unit 40 will order the above-mentioned switch 30 to immediately control or block the power of the device 20 to ensure Patient's life is safe.
請續參閱圖5及圖6,其中圖5揭露出上述的顯示器50可以實施為一具有多重燈號的顯示器50a,包括以不同顏色或/及不同區塊的燈號來對外揭示病患的生理指數D。另外,圖6揭露出上述的顯示器50還可以替換實施成是一螢幕50b,包括以相異的圖像或/及畫面來對外揭示病患的生理指數D。 Please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. FIG. 5 discloses that the display 50 described above can be implemented as a display 50 a with multiple lights, including the use of lights of different colors or / and different blocks to reveal the patient ’s physiology. Index D. In addition, FIG. 6 reveals that the above-mentioned display 50 can also be implemented as a screen 50b, which includes externally revealing the patient's physiological index D with different images or / and pictures.
此外,上述的切換開關30、控制單元40及顯示器50在實施上可以整合成一電腦終端機,藉此能減少本發明所需的佔置空間。 In addition, the above-mentioned switch 30, control unit 40, and display 50 can be integrated into a computer terminal during implementation, thereby reducing the occupied space required by the present invention.
綜合上述實施細節可知,本發明能使病患於診療過程中無需張口說話,且無需透過眼睛視線或手勢動作來下達生理上的不適的信息,因此有足夠的優勢專供牙科病患使用;況且,本發明能主動感測病患血壓,及提供病患主動下達不適信息,提升牙科病患於接受診療過程中能主動表達生理狀況的權利;再說,相較於醫療院所之外科手術房常見使用的精密監測儀器,本發明之警示裝置在配置及建構上相對容易且造價上相對低廉,因此一般坊間的牙醫診所較容易接受並採用。 Based on the above implementation details, it can be seen that the present invention can eliminate the need for patients to open their mouths during diagnosis and treatment, and does not need to provide information on physiological discomfort through eye sight or gestures. Therefore, it has sufficient advantages for dental patients; besides, The present invention can actively sense the patient's blood pressure, and provide the patient with active discomfort information, improving the right of dental patients to actively express their physiological status during the diagnosis and treatment process; in addition, it is more common than the surgical room of a medical institution. The precision monitoring instrument used is relatively easy to configure and construct and relatively inexpensive to manufacture, so it is easier for dentist clinics in general to accept and adopt.
以上實施例僅為表達了本發明的較佳實施方式,但並不能因此而理解為對本發明專利範圍的限制。因此,本發明應以申請專利範圍中限定的請求項內容為準。 The above embodiments merely express the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but cannot be understood as limiting the scope of patents of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention shall be subject to the content of the claims defined in the scope of the patent application.
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US20180033261A1 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | Jared A. Mayers | Dental pain and discomfort notification system |
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