TWI627831B - Electronic switch device and electronic switch system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an electronic switch device and an electronic switch system that can be miniaturized. The electronic switch device (1) includes a switch section (Q1), a power supply section (42), a control section (5), and a power feeding circuit (41). The power source section (42) is electrically connected between both ends of the switch section (Q1), and generates a control voltage by supplying power from an AC power source. The control unit (5) receives the supply of the control voltage from the power supply unit (42) and operates to control the switch unit (Q1). The power feeding circuit (41) is electrically connected between both ends of the switching section (Q1), and becomes a single path for the above-mentioned power supply between the switching section (Q1) and the power supply section (42). The power feeding circuit (41) is configured to supply the above-mentioned power supply to the power source unit (42) when the magnitude of the voltage between both ends of the switching unit (Q1) becomes a predetermined value or more.

Description

Electronic switch device and electronic switch system

The present invention generally relates to an electronic switching device and an electronic switching system, and more particularly, to an electronic switching device and an electronic switching system including a switching portion electrically connected between an AC power source and a load.

An electronic switch device (with an infrared sensor automatic switch) that detects the infrared radiation emitted from the human body and turns on / off the load is known from the past (for example, refer to Patent Document 1 [Japanese Published Patent Publication No. 200 0-131456) ]). The electronic switching device described in Patent Document 1 is connected in parallel between a connection terminal, a primary winding of a current converter, a full-wave rectifier, and a load control circuit having a bidirectional thyristor fluid that controls on / off of power supply to a load in parallel. connection.

In the electronic switching device described in Patent Document 1, a power supply circuit is connected between the DC output terminals of the full-wave rectifier. The power supply circuit is a constant voltage circuit that generates a control power supply (operation power supply) for a control IC (Integrated Circuit), and supplies power when the load is not energized. When the load is energized, the auxiliary power supply circuit supplies power to the constant-voltage circuit by the current flowing to the secondary winding of the current converter.

The electronic switching device described in the patent document needs to have a current converter in order to ensure a control power source when the load is energized, and therefore there is a problem that it is difficult to miniaturize.

The present invention has been made in view of the foregoing circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an electronic switch device and an electronic switch system that can be miniaturized.

An electronic switching device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a switch unit, a power source unit, a control unit, and a power feeding circuit. The switch unit is electrically connected between the AC power source and the load, and switches between conduction and non-conduction between the AC power source and the load; the power source unit is electrically connected between both ends of the switch unit, and A control voltage is generated by the power supplied from the AC power source; the control unit is operated by the supply of the control voltage from the power source unit to control the switch unit; and the feed circuit is electrically connected to the switch unit Between the two ends becomes a single path for the power supply between the switching section and the power supply section, and the power feeding circuit is configured such that if the magnitude of the voltage between the two ends of the switching section becomes a predetermined value or more, The power supply unit is supplied with the supplied power.

An electronic switch system according to an aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of the electronic switch devices. The plurality of switching units included in the plurality of electronic switching devices are electrically connected in parallel between the AC power source and the load.

(Embodiment 1) (1) Outline As shown in FIG. 2, the electronic switching devices 1A and 1B of Embodiment 1 are electrically connected between the AC power source 11 and the load 12, and are switched from the AC power source 11 to the load 12 Wiring appliances in the energized state. The electronic switching devices 1A and 1B are mounted on, for example, a house wall. The AC power source 11 is, for example, a single-phase 100 [V], 60 [Hz] commercial power source. The load 12 is, for example, a lighting device including a light source including an LED (Light Emitting Diode) and a lighting circuit that lights the light source. At this load 12, when power is supplied from the AC power source 11, the light source is turned on.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, two electronic switching devices 1A and 1B constitute an electronic switching system 10. That is, the electronic switching system 10 includes a plurality (two in this case) of electronic switching devices 1A and 1B. The two electronic switching devices 1A and 1B have a common structure. Hereinafter, when the two electronic switching devices 1A and 1B are not particularly distinguished, the two electronic switching devices 1A and 1B are both referred to as "electronic switching device 1".

The electronic switching device 1 includes a switching unit Q1 composed of a semiconductor switch such as a two-way brake fluid and a transistor. The electronic switching device 1 electronically switches the conduction and non-conduction between the AC power source 11 and the load 12 by controlling the switching section Q1 electronically.

In this embodiment, the electronic switching device 1 is a so-called three-way switch capable of connecting three wires. The electronic switching device 1 includes three connection terminals 101, 102, and 103. Therefore, in the electronic switching system 10 combining the two electronic switching devices 1 A and 1B, the energized state of the load 12 can be switched, for example, at two places above and below the stairs of the building.

In the example of FIG. 2, the connection terminal 101 of the electronic switching device 1A (hereinafter also referred to as “first electronic switching device 1A”) is connected to the load 12. The connection terminal 101 of the electronic switching device 1B (hereinafter also referred to as “second electronic switching device 1B”) is connected to the AC power source 11. The connection terminal 102 of the electronic switching device 1A is connected to the connection terminal 103 of the electronic switching device 1B. The connection terminal 103 of the electronic switching device 1A is connected to the connection terminal 102 of the electronic switching device 1B. In each electronic switching device 1, the connection terminal 101 and the connection terminal 102 are connected inside the electronic switching device 1.

Furthermore, in each electronic switching device 1, the switching unit Q1 is connected between the connection terminal 101 and the connection terminal 103. Therefore, in each electronic switching device 1, when the switch portion Q1 is in a conductive (on) state, the connection terminal 101 and the connection terminal 102 and the connection terminal 103 are electrically connected via the switch portion Q1. Moreover, in each electronic switching device 1, when the switching portion Q1 is in a non-conductive (off) state, the connection terminal 101 and the connection terminal 102 and the connection terminal 103 become non-conductive.

That is, the plurality of switching units Q1 provided in the plurality (two here) of the electronic switching devices 1A and 1B are electrically connected in parallel between the AC power source 11 and the load 12. Therefore, in the electronic switching system 10, when the switching portion Q1 of either of the two electronic switching devices 1A and 1B is turned on, the AC power source 11 and the load 12 are turned on, and then the two electronic switching devices 1A and 1B are connected to each other. The AC power source 11 supplies power to the load 12. Therefore, in the electronic switching system 10, the switching state Q1 of the electronic switching device 1A and the switching portion Q1 of the electronic switching device 1B can be switched to the energized state toward the load 12. (2) Details (2.1) Overall structure of the electronic switchgear

Hereinafter, the configuration of the electronic switching device according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the electronic switching device 1 includes a rectifier 2 and a circuit section 3 in addition to the switch section Q1 and the three connection terminals 101, 102, and 103. These switch sections Q1, three connection terminals 101, 102, and 103, the rectifier 2 and the circuit section 3 are housed in a single frame, and the frame is fixed to a wall, etc., so that the electronic switch device 1 can be installed in Walls, etc.

The switching unit Q1 is electrically connected between the AC power source 11 and the load 12, and switches conduction and non-conduction between the AC power source 11 and the load 12. In this embodiment, the switch unit Q1 is composed of a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor (triode flow switch). The switch section Q1 is electrically connected between the connection terminal 101 and the connection terminal 103, and switches the passage and interruption of the bidirectional current between the connection terminal 101 and the connection terminal 103. The control terminal (gate terminal of the bidirectional brake fluid) of the switch section Q1 is electrically connected to the circuit section 3. Thereby, the switch part Q1 is controlled by the switch control part 51 mentioned later. In FIGS. 1 and 2 and the like, the switch portion Q1 is indicated by the same circuit symbol as a mechanical switch having a contact.

The three connection terminals 101, 102, and 103 are all parts where the wiring is electrically and mechanically connected. As described above, the first connection terminal 101 and the third connection terminal 103 are connected to the switch unit Q1. The second connection terminal 102 is an extension terminal of the first connection terminal 101 and is electrically connected to the first connection terminal 101.

The rectifier 2 is composed of a diode bridge. The rectifier 2 performs full-wave rectification of a voltage (hereinafter also referred to as "inter-switch voltage Vsw") applied between both ends of the switching section Q1, and then outputs it to the circuit section 3. Therefore, the circuit section 3 is connected between the DC output terminals of the rectifier 2. The circuit section 3 uses the full-wave rectified power input from the rectifier 2 to generate a “control voltage” required for control of the switching section Q1 and driving of the sensor section 31, for example.

Hereinafter, when the switching portion Q1 of any of the two electronic switching devices 1A and 1B is non-conductive, it is assumed that the switching portion Q1 is applied with an AC voltage Vac from the AC power source 11. In other words, if the two electronic switching devices 1A and 1B are in the off state, the voltage Vsw between the switches will be equal to the AC voltage Vac from the AC power source 11.

Next, details of the circuit section 3 will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The circuit section 3 includes a power generation block 4, a control section 5, a sensor section 31, and a voltage monitoring section 32.

The power generation block 4 includes a power feeding circuit 41 and a power supply section 42. The power supply section 42 is electrically connected between both ends of the switch section Q1. The power source unit 42 is configured to generate a control voltage by supplying power from the AC power source 11. The power feeding circuit 41 is electrically connected between both ends of the switching portion Q1. The power feeding circuit 41 is a single path for supplying power from the AC power source 11 to the power source section 42 between the switching section Q1 and the power source section 42. "Single" herein means only one. In other words, the power feeding circuit 41 is formed between the switching section Q1 and the power supply section 42 and serves as a path for supplying power to the power supply section 42 to form a unique path. In other words, there is only one path for supplying power from the AC power source 11 to the power source section 42 between the switch section Q1 and the power source section 42, and there is no path for supplying power to the power source section 42 other than the power feeding circuit 41.

That is, the power feeding circuit 41 and the power supply section 42 are electrically connected in series between the DC output terminals of the rectifier 2. The power input terminal 401 is a DC output terminal corresponding to the input terminal of the power feeding circuit 41 and is electrically connected to the positive pole of the rectifier 2. Therefore, when the switching unit Q1 is in the off state, a full-wave rectified inter-switch voltage Vsw, that is, a pulsating voltage output from the rectifier 2 is applied between the power input terminal 401 and the ground (reference potential point). The power output terminal 402 is an output terminal corresponding to the power supply section 42 and is electrically connected to the control section 5. As a result, when a control voltage is generated by the power supply section 42, the power supplied to the power supply section 42 must be supplied to the power supply section 42 via the power feeding circuit 41. The power feeding circuit 41 is configured to supply power to the power supply unit 42 when the magnitude (absolute 値) of the inter-switching voltage Vsw becomes a predetermined value or more. The power feeding circuit 41 is, for example, a step-down circuit that reduces an input voltage (inter-switch voltage Vsw) and outputs the voltage to the power supply unit 42. The specific configuration of the power generation block 4 will be described in the column "(2.2) Configuration of the power generation block".

The "terminals" such as the "power input terminal" in the present embodiment may not have a physical body as a component (terminal) for connecting an electric wire or the like, and may be, for example, a lead wire of an electronic component or a part of a conductor included in a circuit board.

The control unit 5 is operated by receiving a control voltage from the power generation block 4. The control unit 5 has a function of controlling the switch unit Q1. Specifically, the control unit 5 outputs a control signal to the control terminal (gate terminal of the bidirectional brake fluid) of the switch unit Q1 based on the detection result of the sensor unit 31, and switches the conduction and non-conduction of the switch unit Q1. Accordingly, the switch unit Q1 is controlled. Furthermore, when the switch unit Q1 is turned on, the control unit 5 determines the timing of outputting the control signal based on the monitoring signal output from the voltage monitoring unit 32. The control section 5 includes a driving circuit for driving the switch section Q1, and the control section 5 directly controls the switch section Q1.

The control unit 5 includes, for example, a microcomputer as a main configuration. The microcomputer implements the function of the control unit 5 by executing a program stored in the memory of the microcomputer on a CPU (Central Processing Unit, Central Processing Unit). The program can be stored in advance in the memory of the microcomputer, or it can be provided in a storage medium such as a memory card, or it can be provided through an electric communication line. In other words, the above program is a program for causing the microcomputer to function as the control unit 5.

The sensor section 31 detects whether a person is located in the detection area. The sensor unit 31 includes, for example, a pyroelectric element, and determines whether a person is located in the detection area by detecting infrared rays emitted from a human body. When the sensor section 31 detects that a person is in the detection area, it outputs an open control instruction for setting the switch section Q1 to the on state to the control section 5.

The voltage monitoring unit 32 is configured to monitor (detect) the magnitude of the inter-switch voltage Vsw. In this embodiment, the voltage monitoring unit 32 is electrically connected between the DC output terminals of the rectifier 2 and then monitors the magnitude of the inter-switch voltage Vsw after full-wave rectification. The voltage monitoring unit 32 compares the magnitude (absolute 値) of the inter-switch voltage Vsw with a reference 値, and outputs a monitoring signal indicating the comparison result to the control unit 5.

When the control unit 5 receives the open control instruction from the sensor unit 31, it outputs a control signal to the switching unit Q1 based on the monitoring signal from the voltage monitoring unit 32. Specifically, based on the monitoring signal from the voltage monitoring unit 32, the control unit 5 turns on the switching unit Q1 when the magnitude (absolute value) of the inter-switch voltage Vsw becomes equal to or greater than the reference value. The switching unit Q1 is composed of a bidirectional brake fluid as described above. Therefore, when a control signal is input, it is turned on, and it becomes non-conductive near the zero crossing point (0 [V]) of the AC voltage Vac from the AC power source 11. Strictly speaking, after the switching part Q1 is turned on, if the current flowing through the switching part Q1 becomes 0 [A], the switching part Q1 will become non-conducting. Therefore, depending on the type of the load 12, there may be When the zero crossing point is earlier, the switching section Q1 becomes non-conducting. Therefore, the control unit 5 turns on the switching unit Q1 by outputting a control signal every half cycle of the AC voltage Vac. That is, the ON state of the switching unit Q1 herein is not only a state where the switching unit Q1 is continuously conducting, but also a state where the switching unit Q1 is intermittently conducting. When the switch unit Q1 is turned off, the control unit 5 does not output a control signal to the switch unit Q1, thereby keeping the switch unit Q1 non-conductive. (2.2) Power generation block

Next, the details of the power generation block 4 will be described with reference to FIG. 3.

The power feeding circuit 41 includes a Zener diode ZD1, an active element Q10, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a diode D1, and a current limiting portion 43. The power supply section 42 includes a capacitor C1 and a regulator 44. The power feeding circuit 41 is a step-down circuit that reduces the voltage input from the power input terminal 401 and outputs the voltage to the power supply unit 42.

Between the power input terminal 401 and the ground, a resistor R1, an active element Q10, a diode D1, and a capacitor C1 are electrically connected in series. Thereby, the series circuit of the resistor R1, the active element Q10, and the diode D1 constitutes a part of a path for supplying power to the power supply section 42, that is, a part of the charging path 40 of the capacitor C1. Between the active element Q10 and the diode D1, the third resistor R3 of the current limiting portion 43 is interposed. However, the current limiting portion 43 is omitted here (that is, the active element Q10 is directly connected to the diode D1) The configuration of the power feeding circuit 41 will be described.

The active element Q10 is a voltage-driven active element that is provided on the charging path 40 of the capacitor C1 between both ends of the switching portion Q1 and is turned on when the magnitude of the inter-switch voltage Vsw is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. As an example, the active element Q10 is composed of an enhanced n-channel MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor).

The drain terminal of the active element Q10 is electrically connected to the power input terminal 401 via the resistor R1. The source terminal which becomes the output terminal of the active element Q10 is electrically connected to the anode terminal of the diode D1. The cathode terminal of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the ground through the capacitor C1. The "output terminal of the active element Q10" means a terminal that outputs a constant voltage when the active element Q10 is used as a constant voltage circuit in combination with the Zener diode ZD1. In general, a transistor has a pair of main terminals (a drain terminal and a source terminal if it is a MOSFET) and a control terminal (gate terminal if it is a MOSFET), so either of the pair of main terminals Corresponds to the output terminal of the active element Q10.

The resistor R2 and the Zener diode ZD1 are electrically connected in series between the power input terminal 401 and the ground. The cathode terminal of the Zener diode ZD1 is electrically connected to the power input terminal 401 via a resistor R2. The anode terminal of the Zener diode ZD1 is electrically connected to the ground. The gate terminal (control terminal) of the active element Q10 is electrically connected to the cathode terminal of the Zener diode ZD1.

The regulator 44 is a three-terminal regulator (series regulator). The input terminal of the regulator 44 is electrically connected to the terminal on the high potential side of the capacitor C1, that is, the cathode terminal of the diode D1. The output terminal of the regulator 44 is electrically connected to the power output terminal 402.

With the above configuration, the power feeding circuit 41 receives power supply from the AC power source 11 and charges the capacitor C1 at a constant voltage based on the Zener voltage (dropped voltage) of the Zener diode ZD1. In other words, through a series circuit of a resistor R2 and a zener diode ZD1, a gate voltage above the threshold voltage of the active device Q10 is applied between the gate and source terminals of the active device Q10. The source terminal of Q10 will output a constant voltage. At this time, the voltage between the gate terminal and the ground of the active element Q10 is clamped to the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD1. Therefore, a voltage obtained by subtracting the gate voltage of the active element Q10 and the forward voltage of the diode D1 from the Zener voltage is applied between the two ends of the capacitor C1.

In other words, if the voltage between the two ends of the switching section Q1, that is, the voltage applied between the power input terminal 401 and the ground electrode is equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold, the active element Q10 is turned on and the supplied power is supplied to the power section 42. The predetermined value here is the voltage obtained by adding the voltage across the capacitor C1 to the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD1, the gate voltage of the active element Q10, and the forward voltage of the diode D1 (hereinafter, also (Called "minimum charging voltage"). Accordingly, when the voltage between both ends of the switching unit Q1 is equal to or higher than the minimum charging voltage, the capacitor C1 is charged at a constant voltage. The voltage across the capacitor C1 is stepped down by the regulator 44 and then output from the power output terminal 402. In this way, the power supply unit 42 outputs a control voltage of a constant voltage from the power output terminal 402.

In short, if the inter-switch voltage Vsw is equal to or higher than the minimum charging voltage, the active element Q 10 of the power feeding circuit 41 is turned on, so that the input impedance of the power feeding circuit 41 becomes a low impedance state. Therefore, the supplied power is supplied to the power supply section 42, and a control voltage is generated in the power supply section 42. However, when the capacitor C1 is in a fully charged state, current does not flow from the power feeding circuit 41 to the power supply section 42, and thus the input impedance of the power feeding circuit 41 becomes a high impedance state.

In addition, the minimum charging voltage (predetermined voltage) here is a voltage required when the power supply circuit 41 supplies power to the power supply unit 42. For example, a circuit constant such as the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD1 may be used And arbitrarily set.

Here, in the present embodiment, the configuration in which the active element Q10 of the power feeding circuit 41 is a MOSFET can reduce the minimum charging voltage compared to the configuration in which the active element Q10 is a bipolar transistor (hereinafter, referred to as a "comparative example").成 Lower. The reason will be briefly explained below.

In order to suppress the leakage current, the current path through the resistor R2 must have a high impedance. The leakage current here is a large current flowing through the power feeding circuit 41 when the switching section Q1 is non-conducting, and is a current that may cause the load 12 to malfunction. For example, when the load 12 is a lighting device, once a leakage current is generated, the light source of the load 12 is temporarily turned on, and a so-called flicker phenomenon occurs.

If the current path through the resistor R2 is high impedance, in the comparative example in which the active element Q10 is a bipolar transistor, the inter-switch voltage Vsw required for the base current to flow to the bipolar transistor becomes larger. In contrast, in this embodiment, since the active element Q10 is a MOSFET, regardless of the resistance of the current path through the resistor R2, as long as a predetermined gate voltage is applied to the active element Q10, the active element Q10 will turn on and supply power. It is supplied to the power supply section 42. Therefore, in the electronic switching device 1 of this embodiment, compared with the comparative example, the minimum charging voltage can be kept low (as an example, about 10 [V]).

Next, the configuration of the current limiting unit 43 will be described. In the present embodiment, the current limiting section 43 is provided on a path including the active element Q10 to supply power to the power source section 42, that is, the charging path 40 of the capacitor C1. The current limiting section 43 stops the supply of power to the power supply section 42 when a current of more than 値 is specified to flow from the AC power supply 11 to the power supply section 42. In the present embodiment, the current limiting unit 43 shuts off the active element Q10 and stops the supply of power to the power source unit 42 when a predetermined current is passed to the active element Q10 of the power feeding circuit 41.

Specifically, the current limiting section 43 includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a switching element Q11. The resistor R3 is a shunt resistor that is electrically connected to the output terminal (source terminal) of the active element Q10 and functions as a detection resistor that detects the current flowing to the active element Q10. Here, the resistor R3 is electrically connected between the source terminal of the active element Q10 of the feeding circuit 41 and the anode terminal of the diode D1.

The switching element Q11 is connected between the output terminal (source terminal) and the control terminal (gate terminal) of the active element Q10 which is electrically connected. The switching element Q11 is composed of an npn-type bipolar transistor as an example. The transmitting terminal of the switching element Q11 is electrically connected to the source terminal of the active element Q10 via a resistor R3. The collector terminal of the switching element Q11 is electrically connected to the gate terminal of the active element Q10. The base terminal of the switching element Q11 is electrically connected to the source terminal of the active element Q10 via a resistor R4. In other words, a series circuit of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 is electrically connected between the base terminal and the emission terminal of the switching element Q11.

According to the above configuration, once the current (drain current) flowing through the active element Q10 becomes a predetermined value or more, the switching element Q11 is turned on by the voltage across the resistor R3, thereby making the active element Q10 shut down. In other words, if a current larger than 値 is passed to the resistor R3 through the active element Q10, the switching element Q11 will be biased with the voltage generated by the current at the resistor R3, and the current will flow into the switching element Q11 through the resistor R4. Base terminal. At this time, when the switching element Q11 is turned on, the gate terminal and the source terminal of the active element Q10 are short-circuited, so that the active element Q10 is turned off. In this way, the charging path 40 of the capacitor C1 is blocked, and the generation of the control voltage in the power supply section 42 is stopped. In other words, if a current of a predetermined magnitude or more flows from the AC power supply 11 to the power supply section 42, the capacitor C1 is electrically cut off from the power input terminal 401 by the current limiting section 43, and the supply of power to the power supply section 42 is stopped.

In addition, the predetermined value here is the current value of the power feeding circuit 41 when the current limiting portion 43 is operated, and can be arbitrarily set by a circuit constant such as the resistance value of the resistance R3. In this embodiment, as an example, a value obtained by adding a predetermined margin to the rated current 値 of the feed circuit 41 is set to a predetermined value. (2.3) Act

Next, operations of the electronic switching device 1 and the electronic switching system 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 4.

FIG. 4 illustrates a state in which the switch portion Q1 of both the first electronic switch device 1A and the second electronic switch device 1B is in the off state, and at time t1, the switch portion Q1 of the second electronic switch device 1B is in the on state. Act. Figure 4 shows the AC voltage "Vac", the switch-to-switch voltage "Vsw", the monitoring signal "S1a" of the first electronic switching device 1A, the monitoring signal "S1b" of the second electronic switching device 1B, and the second State (conducting / non-conducting) of the switching portion Q1 of the switching device 1B. For "Q1" indicating the state of the switch section Q1, "ON" indicates conduction and "OFF" indicates non-conduction. In the example in FIG. 4, the signal levels of the monitoring signals S1a and S1b are based on the absolute value of the inter-switch voltage Vsw (the low level when Vth1 or higher), and the absolute value of the inter-switch voltage Vsw does not reach the reference. Vth1 is H level (High level).

First, the operation when the switching unit Q1 of both the first electronic switching device 1A and the second electronic switching device 1B is in the off state will be described.

In this state, since the switching portions Q1 of both the first electronic switching device 1A and the second electronic switching device 1B are in an off state, the inter-switch voltage Vsw becomes the same voltage as the AC voltage Vac. FIG. 4 shows the voltage across the switching portion Q1 of the first electronic switching device 1A, but the voltage across the switching portion Q1 of the second electronic switching device 1B is also the same as the voltage across the switching portion Q1 of the first electronic switching device 1A. the same.

In this state, any one of the two electronic switching devices 1A and 1B substantially increases the voltage Vsw between the switches for almost the entire period of one cycle of the AC voltage Vac. Therefore, in any of the two electronic switching devices 1A and 1B, the voltage between the switches Vsw becomes equal to or higher than the minimum charging voltage for almost the entire period of the AC voltage Vac, and the supplied power can be supplied to the power supply section 42 to supply power to the power supply section 42. 42 generates a control voltage.

Next, the operation when the switch unit Q1 of the second electronic switching device 1B is in the on state will be described. The switching unit Q1 of the first electronic switching device 1A is maintained in an off state.

At time t1, once the switching portion Q1 of the second electronic switching device 1B is moved to the ON state, during the period when the switching portion Q1 of the second electronic switching device 1B is turned on, both ends of the switching portion Q1 are short-circuited, so the voltage between the switches Vsw becomes approximately 0 [V]. The switching portion Q1 of the second electronic switching device 1B is near the zero-crossing point (0 [V]) of the AC voltage Va c, that is, it becomes non-conductive at time t2. Thereafter, while the magnitude (absolute 値) of the inter-switch voltage Vsw does not reach the reference 値 Vth1, the monitoring signals S1a, S1b are at the H level, but once the magnitude (absolute 値) of the inter-switch voltage Vsw becomes the reference 値 Vth1 or more, The monitoring signals S1a and S1b will become the L level. Therefore, in the example of FIG. 4, the monitoring signals S1a and S1b are at the H level during the time point t3 when the magnitude (absolute 値) of the inter-switching voltage Vsw reaches the reference 値 Vth1, and at time t3, the monitoring signals S1a, S1b Become L level.

When the monitoring signal S1b is at the L level, the control unit 5 of the second electronic switching device 1B turns on the switching unit Q1. Therefore, at a time point t4 subsequent to the time point t3, the switching portion Q1 of the second electronic switching device 1B is turned on, and the voltage Vsw between the switches becomes approximately 0 [V]. Therefore, at time point t4, the monitoring signals S1a and S1b will be at the H level. While the switching section Q1 of the second electronic switching device 1B is in the on state, the second electronic switching device 1B repeats the above-mentioned operation. In this way, the voltage Vsw between switches is intermittent from the time point t2 to the time point t4. produce.

In this state, the first electronic switching device 1A in which the switching section Q1 is in the off state can generate a control voltage in the power supply section 42 during a period of the AC voltage Vac from time point t2 to time point t4. In addition, even in the second electronic switching device 1B in which the switching portion Q1 is in the on state, similarly to the first electronic switching device 1A, the power source portion 42 is in the period from time point t2 to time point t4 in one cycle of the AC voltage Vac. Control voltage can be generated. That is, in the electronic switching device 1, as described above, if the inter-switch voltage Vsw is equal to or higher than the minimum charging voltage, the supplied power is supplied from the power feeding circuit 41 to the power supply section 42, and a control voltage can be generated in the power supply section 42. Therefore, even when the inter-switch voltage Vsw is low, as long as the inter-switch voltage Vsw equal to or higher than the minimum charging voltage is generated, the control voltage can be generated in the power supply section 42.

As an example, if the reference (Vth1) of the magnitude (absolute) of the voltage monitoring unit 32 and the voltage Vsw between switches is equal to or higher than the minimum charging voltage, the period from time point t2 to time point t4 in one cycle of the AC voltage Vac A control voltage can be generated in the power supply section 42. In other words, if the reference 値 Vth1 is equal to or higher than the minimum charging voltage, the voltage between the switches Vsw must be equal to or higher than the minimum charging voltage after the switching section Q1 becomes non-conductive until the switching section Q1 is turned on again. Control voltage can be generated. (3) advantages

As described above, the electronic switching device 1 according to the first aspect includes the switching section Q1, the power supply section 42, the control section 5, and the power feeding circuit 41. The switching unit Q1 is electrically connected between the AC power source 11 and the load 12, and switches conduction and non-conduction between the AC power source 11 and the load 12. The power source unit 42 is electrically connected between both ends of the switching unit Q 1 and generates a control voltage by supplying power from the AC power source 11. The control unit 5 is operated upon receiving the control voltage supplied from the power supply unit 42, and then controls the switching unit Q1. The power feeding circuit 41 is electrically connected between both ends of the switching section Q1 and serves as a single path for the above-mentioned power supply between the switching section Q1 and the power supply section 42. The power feeding circuit 41 is configured to supply the aforementioned power supply to the power supply unit 42 when the magnitude of the voltage between both ends of the switching unit Q1 becomes a predetermined value or more.

According to this configuration, the power supply unit 42 that generates a control voltage by supplying power from the AC power source 11 supplies the supplied power through a single path formed by the power feeding circuit 41. In other words, there is only one path for supplying power from the AC power source 11 to the power section 42 between the switch section Q1 and the power section 42, and the path for supplying power to the power section 42 other than the feeder circuit 41 is not presence. In addition, the power feeding circuit 41 supplies the above-mentioned power supply to the power supply unit 42 when the magnitude of the voltage between both ends of the switching unit Q1 becomes a predetermined value (minimum charging voltage) or more. Therefore, the power feeding circuit 41 does not switch the path for supplying power to the power supply section 42, and regardless of whether the switch section Q1 is in an on state or an off state, the same path can be used to supply the supplied power to the power supply section 42. As a result, in the electronic switching device 1, a control voltage can be ensured when the load 12 is energized without requiring a current converter, and thus it can be miniaturized. Furthermore, the electronic switching device 1 does not require a configuration for switching a path for supplying power to the power supply section 42, and does not require a complicated control for switching a path for supplying power to the power supply section 42, so that it can be further miniaturized.

Moreover, the second aspect of the electronic switching device 1 is the same as the first aspect, and it is preferable that the power supply unit 42 includes a capacitor C1. In this case, it is preferable that the power feeding circuit 41 is a voltage-driven active element Q10. The active element Q10 is provided in the charging path 40 of the capacitor C1 between the two ends of the switching portion Q1, and is turned on when the magnitude of the voltage between the two ends of the switching portion Q1 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. According to this configuration, as in the comparative example described above, the capacitor C1 can be charged and the control voltage can be ensured even if the voltage between the switches Vsw is lower than the configuration using a bipolar transistor in the feed circuit 41. However, this configuration is not a necessary configuration of the electronic switching device 1. For example, the active element Q10 may not be a voltage-driven element.

Moreover, the electronic switching device 1 of the third aspect is the same as the second aspect, and it is preferable that the active element Q10 is a field effect transistor (FET). According to this configuration, the feed circuit 41 can be realized without requiring special parts. However, this configuration is not a necessary configuration of the electronic switching device 1, and the active element Q10 may be, for example, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor).

The electronic switch device 1 according to the fourth aspect is the same as any one of the first aspect to the third aspect, in which the power feeding circuit 41 has a current of more than a predetermined magnitude from the AC power source 11 to the power source section 42. The power supply to the power supply unit 42, that is, the current limiting unit 43 that stops supplying power is preferred. According to this configuration, the current flowing to the power feeding circuit 41 is limited, so that the pressure on the components of the power feeding circuit 41 can be reduced, and the current capacity required by the power feeding circuit 41 can be reduced. In addition, the current limiting unit 43 can suppress, for example, an inrush current flowing to the power feeding circuit 41 when the AC power source 11 is turned on, and the like, and can also prevent a malfunction of the load 12 (for example, a flicker phenomenon or the like). However, this configuration is not a necessary configuration of the electronic switching device 1. For example, an element having a large current capacity may be used for the active element Q10, or an element having a small electrostatic capacity may be used for the capacitor C1, and the current limiting portion 43 may be omitted.

Moreover, the electronic switch device 1 of the fifth aspect is like any one of the first aspect to the fourth aspect, wherein the electronic switch device 1 further includes a sensor section 31, and the control section 5 is configured based on the sensor section. The output of 31 is preferably controlled by the switch section Q1. According to this configuration, the sensor section 31 can be driven by the control voltage generated by the power supply section 42, and the switch section Q1 can be automatically controlled by the output of the sensor section 31. However, this configuration is not a necessary configuration of the electronic switching device 1, and the sensor section 31 may be appropriately omitted.

The electronic switching system 10 includes a plurality of electronic switching devices 1 in any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, and the plurality of switching units Q1 included in the plurality of electronic switching devices 1 are connected to the AC power source 11 and the load. 12 are electrically connected in parallel.

In other words, the electronic switching system 10 includes a plurality of electronic switching devices 1, and each of the plurality of electronic switching devices 1 includes a switching section Q1, a power supply section 42, a control section 5, and a power feeding circuit 41. The switching unit Q1 is electrically connected between the AC power source 11 and the load 12, and switches conduction and non-conduction between the AC power source 11 and the load 12. The power supply section 42 is electrically connected between both ends of the switch section Q1 and generates a control voltage by supplying power from the AC power supply 11. The control unit 5 is operated upon receiving the control voltage supplied from the power supply unit 42, and then controls the switching unit Q1. The power feeding circuit 41 is electrically connected between both ends of the switching section Q1 and serves as a single path for the above-mentioned power supply between the switching section Q1 and the power supply section 42. The power feeding circuit 41 is configured to supply the aforementioned power supply to the power supply unit 42 when the magnitude of the voltage between both ends of the switching unit Q1 becomes a predetermined value or more. The plurality of switching units Q1 included in the plurality of electronic switching devices 1 are electrically connected in parallel between the AC power source 11 and the load 12.

According to this configuration, in each of the plurality of electronic switching devices 1, the power feeding circuit 41 does not switch the path for supplying power to the power supply section 42, regardless of whether the switching section Q1 is on or off, the same path can be used to The supplied power is supplied to the power supply section 42. As a result, in each electronic switching device 1, a control voltage can be ensured when the load 12 is energized without requiring a current converter, and thus it can be miniaturized. Furthermore, each electronic switching device 1 does not require a configuration for switching a path for supplying power to the power supply section 42, and does not require complicated control for switching a path for supplying power to the power supply section 42, and thus can be further miniaturized. In particular, in the electronic switching system 10 combining two electronic switching devices 1 composed of three-way switches, whether the electronic switching device 1A with the switching portion Q1 in the off state or the electronic switching device 1B with the switching portion Q1 in the on state, All can ensure the control voltage. (4) Modifications

The electronic switching device 1 according to the first embodiment is only an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment. Even if it is other than the first embodiment, as long as it does not exceed the scope of the technical idea of the present invention, it can be performed according to the design and the like Various changes. The following is a modification of the first embodiment.

The load 12 is not limited to a lighting device, and may be an electric appliance such as a ventilation fan and a monitor. In addition, the load 12 is not limited to one appliance, and may be a plurality of appliances electrically connected in series or in parallel.

The switching unit Q1 is not limited to a two-way brake fluid, and may be another semiconductor switch. The switching unit Q1 may be, for example, two MOSFETs electrically connected in series between the first connection terminal 101 and the third connection terminal 103. The two MOSFETs are connected to each other through the source terminals, which is the so-called inverse series connection, and switches between current passing and blocking in both directions. Furthermore, the switching portion Q1 may be a semiconductor element having a dual gate structure using a semiconductor material with a wide energy gap such as GaN (gallium nitride).

The driving circuit for driving the switching unit Q1 may be provided separately from the control unit 5. At this time, the control voltage can also be used for the operation of the driving circuit.

The sensor unit 31 is not limited to a human sensor that detects the presence of a person, and may be, for example, a bright sensor. Alternatively, the sensor section 31 may include both a human sensor and a brightness sensor. Furthermore, the electronic switch device 1 is not limited to a configuration that controls the switch section Q1 based on the detection result of the sensor section 31, and may be, for example, an electronic switch device with a remote operation function, a timer function, or a dimming function. For example, if the electronic switch device 1 is equipped with a remote operation function, the control unit 5 controls the switch unit Q1 based on a wireless signal from a remote controller. Furthermore, the electronic switch device 1 may be configured to control the switch unit Q1 based on a person's operation on an operation unit such as a push button switch or a touch switch.

In addition, the voltage monitoring unit 32 may be configured not to monitor the inter-switch voltage Vsw after full-wave rectification, but to monitor the magnitude of the inter-switch voltage Vsw before full-wave rectification. At this time, the voltage monitoring unit 32 is electrically connected between the AC input terminals of the rectifier 2. Furthermore, the voltage monitoring unit 32 can also serve as a zero-cross detection side portion for detecting a zero-cross point of the AC voltage Vac. The zero-crossing detection unit detects a zero-crossing point by moving the voltage Vsw between switches from a reference 値 (absolute 値) set above 0 [V] to a reference 値.

The voltage monitoring unit 32 is not a necessary configuration of the electronic switching device 1 and can be omitted. At this time, the control unit 5 can control the switching unit Q1 based on the detection result of the voltage across the capacitor C1, for example. Specifically, the control unit 5 turns on the switching unit Q1 when the voltage across the capacitor C1 reaches a predetermined threshold value. The threshold value here is the voltage across the capacitor C1 when the capacitor C1 is charged, and the voltage must be at least able to ensure the operation of the control unit 5 and the like until the time when the active element Q10 is turned on later.

The specific circuits of the power feeding circuit 41 and the power supply unit 42 are not limited to the circuits shown in FIG. 3, and may be changed as appropriate. For example, the power feeding circuit 41 is a constant voltage circuit having an operational amplifier in addition to the Zener diode ZD1 and the active element Q10, and the active element Q10 may be omitted. The switching element Q11 of the current limiting section 43 is not limited to a bipolar transistor, and may be, for example, an enhanced n-channel MOSFET or the like. For the power supply section 42, for example, the capacitor C1 may be connected to the output of the regulator 44, and other capacitors other than the capacitor C1 may be connected to the output of the regulator 44. Furthermore, since the regulator 44 of the power supply section 42 is not a necessary configuration of the electronic switching device 1, the regulator 44 may be omitted.

In the first embodiment, in comparison between two voltages, such as the voltage between switches and the reference voltage, "above" includes both the case where two voltages are equal and the case where one of the two voltages exceeds the other. Happening. However, it is not limited to this, and "above" here may be equivalent to a case where only one of the two puppets exceeds the other, that is, "larger". In other words, whether the two cases are equal or not can be arbitrarily changed according to the setting of the base case, so there is no technical difference between "above" and "large". Similarly, "not reached" can be equated with "below". (Implementation type 2)

The electronic switch system 10A according to the second embodiment is composed of a combination of three electronic switch devices 1A, 1B, and 1C, as shown in FIG. 5. In the following, the same configuration as in the first embodiment is assigned the same reference numerals, and appropriate descriptions are omitted.

The electronic switching devices 1A and 1B are so-called three-way switches similar to the first embodiment. The electronic switching device 1C is a so-called four-way switch capable of connecting four wires. The electronic switch device 1C includes a fourth connection terminal 104 in addition to the three connection terminals 101, 102, and 103 similar to the electronic switch devices 1A and 1B.

In the electronic switching device 1C, the connection terminal 103 and the connection terminal 104 are connected inside the electronic switching device 1C. The connection terminal 102 of the electronic switching device 1A is connected to the connection terminal 101 of the electronic switching device 1C. The connection terminal 103 of the electronic switching device 1A is connected to the connection terminal 104 of the electronic switching device 1C. The connection terminal 102 of the electronic switching device 1B is connected to the connection terminal 103 of the electronic switching device 1C. The connection terminal 103 of the electronic switching device 1B is connected to the connection terminal 102 of the electronic switching device 1C.

According to the above connection relationship, the plurality of switching units Q1 provided in the plurality (three here) of the electronic switching devices 1A, 1B, and 1C are electrically connected in parallel between the AC power source 11 and the load 12. Therefore, when the switch portion Q1 of any of the three electronic switching devices 1A, 1B, and 1C is turned on, the AC power source 11 and the load 12 are turned on, and from the AC power source 11 through the three electronic switching devices 1A, 1B, and 1C. Power is supplied to the load 12. Therefore, in the electronic switching system 10A, the switching portion Q1 of the electronic switching device 1A, the switching portion Q1 of the electronic switching device 1B, and the switching portion Q1 of the electronic switching device 1C can switch the energized state toward the load 12. Therefore, in the electronic switching system 10A in which three electronic switching devices 1A, 1B, and 1C are combined, the energized state toward the load 12 can be switched at three places.

Even in the electronic switching system 10A of the present embodiment described above, similarly to the first embodiment, the control voltage is ensured when the load 12 is energized without the need for a current converter. This has the advantage that the electronic switching device 1 can be miniaturized.

As a modification of the second embodiment, the electronic switch system 10A may include two or more electronic switch devices 1C (so-called four-way switches), and a total of four or more electronic switch devices 1A, 1B, and 1C. At this time, the plurality of switch units Q1 provided in the plurality of electronic switching devices 1A, 1B, and 1C are electrically connected in parallel between the AC power source 11 and the load 12, thereby switching the power-on state to the load 12 at four or more locations. .

The configuration (including modifications) of the second embodiment can be used in appropriate combination with the configuration (including modifications) of the first embodiment. (Implementation Mode 3)

The electronic switching device 1D according to the third embodiment is a so-called single-cut switch capable of connecting two wires as shown in FIG. 6. In the following, the same configuration as in the first embodiment is assigned the same reference numerals, and appropriate descriptions are omitted.

The electronic switching device 1D is provided with two connection terminals 101 and 103. In other words, the electronic switching device 1D is configured from the electronic switching device 1A (refer to FIG. 2) of the first embodiment, and the connection terminals 102 of the three connection terminals 101, 102, and 103 are omitted.

In the example of FIG. 6, the connection terminal 101 of the electronic switching device 1D is connected to the load 12, and the connection terminal 103 of the electronic switching device 1D is connected to the AC power supply 11. According to this connection relationship, the switching portion Q1 of the electronic switching device 1D is electrically connected between the AC power source 11 and the load 12. Therefore, when the switching part Q1 of the electronic switching device 1D is turned on, the AC power source 11 and the load 12 are turned on, and then the electric power is supplied from the AC power source 11 to the load 12 through the electronic switching device 1D.

Even in the electronic switching device 1D of the present embodiment described above, similarly to the first embodiment, there is an advantage that the control voltage can be ensured when the load 12 is energized without the need for a current converter.

The configuration of the third embodiment can be used in appropriate combination with the configuration (including modifications) of the first embodiment.

1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D‧‧‧Electronic switchgear
10, 10A‧‧‧ electronic switch system
101‧‧‧The first connection terminal
102‧‧‧ 2nd connection terminal
103‧‧‧3rd connection terminal
104‧‧‧The fourth connection terminal
11‧‧‧AC Power
12‧‧‧ load
2‧‧‧ Rectifier
3‧‧‧Circuit Department
31‧‧‧Sensor Section
32‧‧‧Voltage Monitoring Department
4‧‧‧ Power generation block
40‧‧‧Charging path
401‧‧‧power input terminal
402‧‧‧Power output terminal
41‧‧‧feed circuit
42‧‧‧Power Supply Department
43‧‧‧Current Limiting Section
44‧‧‧ Regulator
5‧‧‧Control Department
C1‧‧‧Capacitor
D1‧‧‧diode
Q1‧‧‧Switch Department
Q10‧‧‧Active component
Q11‧‧‧Switch element
R1‧‧‧1st resistor
R2‧‧‧Second resistor
R3‧‧‧3rd resistor
R4‧‧‧4th resistor
S1a, S1b‧‧‧ Surveillance signal
Vac‧‧‧AC voltage
Vsw‧‧‧Switching voltage
Vth1‧‧‧ benchmark
ZD1‧‧‧1st Zener Diode

[Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a configuration of an electronic switching device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 2] Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a configuration of an electronic switch system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 3] Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a power generation block of the electronic switching device as described above. [Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a timing chart showing the operation of the electronic switch system as described above. [FIG. 5] FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a configuration of an electronic switch system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [FIG. 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a configuration of an electronic switching device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (7)

An electronic switching device includes a switch section electrically connected between an AC power source and a load, and switching conduction and non-conduction between the AC power source and the load; and a power source section electrically connected to the switch. A control voltage is generated between the two ends of the power supply unit by supplying power from the AC power supply; the control unit is operated by the supply of the control voltage from the power supply unit to control the switch unit; and a feed circuit which is controlled by It is electrically connected between the two ends of the switching part and becomes a single path for the power supply between the switching part and the power supply part. The feeding circuit is configured as follows: if the voltage between the two ends of the switching part is When the magnitude is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the supplied power is supplied to the power supply unit. For example, the electronic switching device of the scope of patent application, wherein the power supply section has a capacitor, the feeding circuit is provided in the charging path of the capacitor between the two ends of the switching section, and A voltage-driven active device that turns on when the voltage between the two ends is above a predetermined value. " For example, the electronic switching device of the second patent application range, wherein the active element is a field effect transistor. For example, the electronic switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the feeding circuit has a current limiting portion, and when a current of a predetermined value or more flows from the AC power source to the power source portion, the current limiting portion The power supply to the power supply unit is stopped. For example, the electronic switch device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the patent application scope further includes a sensor section, and the control section controls the switch section according to the output of the sensor section. For example, the electronic switching device according to the fourth patent application scope further includes a sensor section, and the control section controls the switching section according to the output of the sensor section. An electronic switch system is provided with a plurality of electronic switch devices such as any one of claims 1 to 6 of the scope of patent application, and a plurality of switch units of the plurality of electronic switch devices are electrically connected in parallel to an AC power Between the load.