TWI580457B - An applicator cap,a mobile x-ray unit and a method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Description

Heat treatment cover, mobile X-ray unit and manufacturing method thereof

The invention relates to a mobile X-ray unit comprising a base for accommodating a control unit, a power supply and a cooler, and further comprising An articulating displaceable arm for supporting an X-ray device includes an X-ray tube, the X-ray device is coupled to the base, the X-ray tube includes a impact target for generating an X-ray beam and a collimator Used to shape the resulting X-ray beam.

More particularly, the invention relates to a method of making an X-ray unit and a method of providing an X-ray beam.

The incidence of skin cancer has increased in the past 10 years in the 20th century, and professional medical personnel need to invest a lot of spirit in early diagnosis, logistics and providing appropriate treatment. However, it is gratifying that more than 1.3 million new skin cancers have been diagnosed and increased at a rate of about 5% per year. Increasing exposure to the sun and reduction of the ozone layer without skin protection is the main reason - it is estimated that more than 1 billion euros will be spent each year on the medical costs of the disease. More than 80% of skin cancers occur in the head and neck areas, and 50% occur in patients over 60 years of age. Compared to current demographics, it is expected that by 2025 the elderly population will be twice as large as today.

Non proliferated cancer, which is essentially superficial lesions, can be treated in different ways. First, surgery can be considered. However, the disadvantage is that the waiting time is long and the postoperative treatment is complicated, and the risk of infection may be high after the invasive surgery. Second, soft X-ray electron irradiation can be considered. This method has the advantage of non-invasiveness, and each treatment course can be as short as 2~4 minutes. It is gratifying that it is usually used in radiotherapy technology. The overall treatment includes a certain number of treatments.

Therefore, the more the incidence of skin cancer and the increase in the proportion of the elderly population in the overall demographics, pose a substantial challenge to cancer treatment and treatment materials.

In recent years, it has been generally recommended to use mobile and portable X-ray units, which can be used in the hospital's radiation therapy department. An implementation of such a portable unit is described, for example, in Patent Publication No. US2007/0076851. The known unit includes an X-ray source provided with a filtering device having a plurality of filters rotatably corresponding to a focal point relative to the X-ray tube for varying the filtering characteristics in response to demand. A plurality of filters are disposed in the filter device and are disposed laterally relative to one of the longitudinal axes of the X-ray tube.

A disadvantage of the known X-ray tube is that the beam characteristics may be affected due to the known internal structure of the X-ray tube. For example, it may result in a wider penumbra for the X-ray beam.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile X-ray unit with improved operational characteristics. More particularly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile X-ray unit having an improved X-ray beam penumbra and/or a reduced skin dose when the dose is provided at a depth of 5 mm.

Based on this, a mobile X-ray unit according to the present invention has a distance between the impact target and the collimator of about 4 cm to 10 cm.

As used herein, "mobile" and "portable" are interchangeable and have the same meaning as being easily movable. Or a device for transport, for example, a device that can be moved or transported by a single individual.

It can be found that the distance between the X-ray impact target and the collimator is set to be about 4 to 10 cm, and the better distance is about 5 to 6 cm, which can improve the beam characteristics. For example, it can be found that when the distance between the impact target-collimator is 4 to 10 cm, the improvement of the flatness of the beam and the narrow penumbra can be achieved, and it is better to hit the target-quasi The distance between the instruments is 5 to 6 cm because of their relatively small focus size. For example, when the distance between the impact target-collimator is about 5 cm, a penumbra of 1.5 to 1.8 mm can be achieved (specifically 20/80% of the line).

Such a narrow penumbra is very important for the treatment of smaller lesions, such as skin cancer, which is minimized for healthy tissue doses, which is a key item for dose dosing solutions.

According to an embodiment of the invention, in the X-ray unit, the impact target and the collimator are housed in a substantially cylindrical X-ray tube having a longitudinal axis, and one of the X-ray beams extends substantially parallel to the direction Vertical axis.

Configuring the anode-collimator in the above manner can find that the advantage is that the axis of the X-ray tube will substantially coincide with the direction in which the generated X-ray beam extends, so the X-ray tube and the X-ray device can have the same The longitudinal axis, such a configuration is advantageous from a mechanical point of view where the balance of the applicator on the articulated arm is simplified by coaxial geometry. More preferably, for X-ray tubes, the X-ray tube is relatively slim (outer diameter less than 10 cm), elongated cylindrical (length about 30 cm). More preferably, it is located in the vertical direction providing the X-ray beam to the patient. Once inside the X-ray tube When the structure is coaxial, the weight of the X-ray tube can be properly balanced so that the articulated arm can be easily and repeatedly displaced to support the X-ray device.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the collimator is provided with an automatic identification device configured to generate a signal representative of the characteristics of the collimator in the control unit.

This advantage can be found in that it fully automatically recognizes that the collimator is inserted into the X-ray tube, and that human error for defining the range geometry can be minimized or even eliminated. For example, when the collimator is housed in a chamber, the chamber can be provided with a resistive path whose resistance value can be changed. The collimator can then be provided with a projection adapted to cooperate with the resistance path of the chamber, thereby changing the final resistance and thus generating a representative signal of the inserted collimator. Even better, this signal can be provided independently as a control unit for the mobile X-ray unit. More preferably, the X-ray unit includes a set of collimators having respective identification devices.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an X-ray unit can be provided with a signal device for indicating the generation of an X-ray beam.

The benefit of providing this signal device is that it can be discerned that the X-ray beam is on. For example, this signal can be located on an X-ray device with a suitable light source. One or more light emitting diodes can be used based on this. A plurality of signal devices can also be provided corresponding to the energy of the generated X-ray beam.

For example, for the lower portion of the X-ray beam spectrum (about 50 KV), a first indicator, such as a first color light, can be used; for the middle portion of the spectrum (about 60~) 65KV), a second indicator can be used, such as a second color light; finally, for the higher part of the spectrum (about 66~75KV, more preferably 66~70KV), a third indicator can be used, such as a third color light. It will be appreciated that there may be a plurality of possibilities for indicating different spectra, including but not limited to progressive illumination of a plurality of indicators depending on the hardening of the provided X-ray beam. It will also be appreciated that the indication of the KV range is permissible in the device, in a user interface, or in an implementation unit. More preferably, the above KV ranges are scaled, such as 1,1; 1, 2; 1, 3; 1, 4; 1, 5. More preferably, the signal device includes a light source indicator disposed on the outer casing. The configuration of the signal device is such that the patient can notice the starting point and the end of the illumination so that the patient can maintain a static posture during the treatment.

An X-ray unit according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the cooler is provided with a conduit for providing a cooling medium adjacent to the X-ray tube, the wiring of the conduit being located in the X-ray tube and associated with the X-ray tube Between the shell walls.

It has been found that the advantage of providing a space between the outer surface of the X-ray tube and the inner surface of the X-ray tube is that the space can be at least partially filled with refrigerant. The benefit of using recycled water as a cooling medium is its specific heat capacity, which provides improved heat transfer relative to the gas. However, compressed gas can also be used as a suitable refrigerant. More preferably, the temperature sensor is disposed on the outer casing of the X-ray device to measure the actual temperature of the outer casing. This temperature sensor can be connected to a control unit for controlling the cooler and/or for controlling the high pressure supply. When the temperature rises to a predetermined shutdown value, the control unit can control the high pressure supply to be turned off and/or increase the cooling mode, for example, by increasing the amount of refrigerant extracted (pumping) Capacity).

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an X-ray unit can be provided in the outer casing for detecting an X-ray beam.

It can be found that it is advantageous to provide a separate device for detecting the presence or absence of the generated X-ray beam. More preferably, the X-ray unit in accordance with the present invention includes a primary timer that is set for a time for the high voltage supply to provide a predetermined radiation dose. The radiation sensor housed in the housing outside the X-ray device can be part of a second timer, the loop of which is adapted to close the high voltage supply when the predetermined radiation dose is reached. In this way, radiation safety control can be improved.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, an X-ray unit includes an exit surface that is intended to be oriented toward a patient, the outlet surface being covered by a tamper cover. It can be found that the benefit of providing such a therapeutic cover is that it can have multiple functions when in use. First, the applicator cover can be used to protect the X-ray exit surface of the X-ray device from contamination during the clinic. Secondly, the thickness of the applicator cover in the direction of extension of the x-ray beam can be selected to be sufficient to substantially eliminate electron contamination from the x-ray beam. It is known from the prior art that the energy of the secondary electrons emitted from the X-ray tube and the thickness required for the use of the material, such as plastic, glass, ceramics, etc., are sufficient to completely intercept such electrons. More preferably, the cap is attached to the disposable device.

Third, the cap can be used as a heat absorber to reduce the temperature of the X-ray device, and based on this, the patient only feels that the device has only a slight warmth when it comes into contact with the skin.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the X-ray unit is connected to the base by a displaceable panel, and the elastic line is wired in the displaceable panel.

It has been found to be advantageous to provide an intermediate mechanism unit to connect the base of the mobile X-ray unit to the X-ray applicator, thereby encapsulating the flexible circuit and thereby preventing the entanglement of the line. The displaceable panel can be configured to have a predetermined travel distance relative to the lowest position and the highest position. This predetermined moving distance is advantageous for increasing the durability of cable lines and lines of the X-ray unit, particularly the piping containing the refrigerant.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the X-ray unit includes a user interface for controlling the X-ray unit. More preferably, the user interface includes a display. For example, the display can be implemented as a touch screen configured to input data. Alternatively, the display can be configured to echo data, and any dedicated button or other suitable device can be provided to the X-ray unit for inputting data.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a mobile X-ray unit includes a base for accommodating a control unit, a power supply and a cooler, and further comprising an articulated displaceable arm To support an X-ray device comprising an X-ray tube, the method according to the invention comprises the steps of: connecting the hinged displaceable arm to the base by means of a flexible line; the X-ray tube is configured to have a impact target for generating An X-ray beam and a collimator are used to shape the generated X-ray beam; the distance between the impact target and the collimator is set to be about 4~10 Centimeters.

More preferably, in the X-ray unit according to the present invention, the impact target and the collimator are housed in a substantially cylindrical X-ray device and have a longitudinal axis, and one of the X-ray beams extends in a substantially uniform direction. Parallel to this longitudinal axis. More preferably, embodiments of the method according to the invention will be described later with reference to FIG.

According to the present invention, a method of providing an X-ray beam to illuminate a lesion surface, wherein an X-ray unit includes a base for accommodating a control unit, a power supply and a cooler, and further comprising a hinge The displacement X-arm is used to set an X-ray tube, and the hinge-displaceable arm is connected to the base by a flexible line. The X-ray tube has a collision target for generating an X-ray beam and a collimator for The X-ray beam generated by the molding is about 4 to 10 cm apart between the impact target and the collimator.

The invention further relates to a medicated device cover for an X-ray unit, the X-ray unit comprising an X-ray tube housed in an X-ray device, the X-ray device comprising an exit surface predetermined toward a The patient, and the medicated cap is configured to cover at least the exit surface. Even better, the applicator cover is disposable. More preferably, the thickness of the applicator cover in the direction in which one of the X-ray beams extends is sufficient to substantially eliminate electron contamination from the X-ray beam. The applicator cap is advantageously made of a substantially transparent material such that the contour between the exit surface of the X-ray applicator and the lesion to be treated can be pre-conceived.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a medical care unit can be provided, such as a bed, a chair, a trolley, a cart ( Cart), a boat (galley) Or a treatment unit comprising three, four or more wheels, wherein at least some of the wheels are interconnected by a resilient frame to allow for automatic adjustment of the height of the wheel when in contact with a ground surface.

For example, the above framework may include one or more sub-branch, operating together or alone. The one or more sub-brackets can have a weak region such that when moved to the ground, the sub-bracket can be deformed due to the weight of the mobile healthcare unit.

In more detail, the frame may include an elastic region adapted to be elastic and/or bendable under the weight of the healthcare unit. In a particular mobile healthcare device embodiment, the resilient frame can include one or more sub-brackets, one or each of which can be constructed from one or more segments and coupled to a spring.

It can be found that this elastic frame has special advantages when the mobile healthcare unit moves on uneven ground, or when the ground has bumps such as bumps.

There are many other applications which are desirable in that the mobile health care unit described above does not need to change its spatial orientation even when moving over an irregular surface. For example, a laboratory tray, a bed, particularly a neonatal bed, a food supply tray, etc., are particularly in need of an orientation that remains substantially constant when moved.

More particularly, the mobile X-ray device according to the invention described above has the advantage that when the base is provided with wheels, it is supported by a resilient frame. In one of the special aspects of the application, the mobile X-ray device is a mobile A mobile clinic, that is, when a mobile X-ray device provides a vehicle and needs to be moved at different treatment locations. In the case of special circumstances, treatment is required, even in the open air. By providing a mobile X-ray unit with self-adaptation to the irregular surface, the adjustment of the X-ray treatment can be performed in much the same way as if it were performed in the doctor's office. In addition, when parked, to ensure that the X-ray device can be positioned in a substantially identical orientation, the physician is required to go through a substantially identical positioning routine when positioning the X-ray device for treatment. Accordingly, human error can be avoided due to the three-dimensional processing of the more complex X-ray treatment device.

The above described objects, features, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the embodiments of the invention. range.

The details disclosed in the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings.

Figure 1a is a schematic diagram showing a mobile X-ray unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The mobile X-ray unit 10 includes a base 2 including at least one power supply unit, a cooling system, and a control unit for controlling an X-ray device (X-ray). The operation of the applicator 4 includes an X-ray tube housed in an outer casing. The X-ray device 4 is connected to the base 2 by a flexible cable 3 and can be at least partially housed in a displaceable panel (displaceable panel) 5. The X-ray applicator 4 is supported by an articulated displaceable arm 4a which may include a pivot for changing the position of the X-ray applicator 4. The hinged displaceable arm 4a can also be mechanically coupled to the displaceable panel 5 to change the position of the x-ray applicator 4 in the vertical direction. More preferably, the displaceable panel 5 is provided with a handle 6, whereby it can be easily operated. The displaceable panel 5 can be guided by a suitable rail so as to be substantially smooth and shock-free when displaced.

The displaceable panel 5 can also be referred to as a displaceable mast, which can be found to provide an advantage that the rod can be displaced substantially along a vertical axis of the base 2. More preferably, the substantially vertical axis extends in a substantially vertical direction, that is, substantially straight. In any event, "substantially straight" or "substantially perpendicular" as used herein is meant to be vertical (plus or minus 20 degrees) for one direction, ie, the plane of the surface provided for the mobile X-ray unit. Say.

More preferably, the cradle 2 is provided with a display 7 for feeding-backing the desired user information. The display 7 can be configured with a touch-sensitive screen for inputting appropriate data to the system.

Figure 1b is a schematic diagram showing a displaceable panel of a mobile X-ray unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In the enlarged schematic form, the component symbol 10a refers to a specific component of the displaceable panel 5. Based on this, the grip 6 can be used as a mechanical member to pull or push the displaceable panel 5. Alternatively, the grip 6 can be configured as an electronic actuator for triggering the motor (not shown) The displacement displacement panel 5 is displaced. For example, when the grip 6 is pulled to cause the motor to be activated, the displaceable panel 5 can be displaced in the direction A, and pushing the grip 6 can cause the displaceable panel 5 to be along Direction B drops. More preferably, the mobile X-ray unit includes means for limiting the displacement of the displaceable panel 5. This has the advantage of ensuring the mechanical stability (limitation of the upper level) of the system on the one hand and the limitation of the lower level on the other hand. More preferably, the displaceable panel 5 can be moved using a built-in rail, the length of which can be selected to limit the range of movement of the displaceable panel 5 in a desired manner.

The pedestal 2 preferably includes a display 7 that functions as a suitable user interface 7a. For example, patient information such as a photo of the patient and/or a photo of the condition can be displayed in the window ( On window 7b, the patient information associated with this, such as birthday, gender, dose prescription, and dose delivery protocal, can be displayed on window 7c. A button 7d can provide a touch function to input data, or a suitable hardware switch or button can be provided as appropriate.

Fig. 1c is a schematic view showing a displaceable function medical device of an X-ray unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the mechanism of the mobile X-ray unit is developed and constructed to support the X-ray applicator 4 to have a greater range of movement and rotational displacement.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a schematic embodiment in which the X-ray applicator is located in a parked position. For the sake of clarity, no The line is shown. In this position, it may be adapted to transmit the mobile X-ray unit towards a room and/or to be mobile near the patient. In order to retract the X-ray applicator as close as possible to the base 2, the hinged displaceable arm 4a is bendable under the outer portion 5a of the displaceable panel 5. In order to ensure the stability of the mobile X-ray unit during its maneuvering, a load block 2a close to the floor is provided to reduce the absolute position of the gravity point of the overall structure.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a schematic embodiment in which the X-ray treatment device 4 is located in one of the working positions, having an x-ray exit surface 8 facing the patient P, in order to The X-ray applicator has a suitable position relative to the patient P, and the displaceable panel is movable to a predetermined dwell position between the lowest position and the highest position of the displaceable panel 5. The hinged displaceable arm 4a can be used to properly rotate the X-ray applicator according to a rotational axis. More preferably, the choice of the axis of rotation is the imaginary direction of the X-ray beam, and the X-ray device is oriented vertically from the exit surface.

Reference numeral 13 denotes an exemplary embodiment in which the X-ray treatment device 4 is located at the lowest position, for which purpose the displaceable panel 5 can be located at its lowest position and the hinged displaceable arm 4a can be oriented to the X-ray in a desired manner. Therapy.

The base of the mobile X-ray unit can be supported by a suitable wheel set through the frame. More preferably, the wheels are connected to each other by a deformable frame to ensure that all the wheels can be attached to the surface below it. Contact, such as the floor or the ground, even when the surface is not very flat Time.

For example, the frame described above may include one or more sub-brackets that cooperate or individually support the wheels of the pedestal. When the weight of the mobile X-ray unit is applied to the sub-bracket to create deformation, all of the wheels will be in full contact with the ground.

In a particular embodiment, the frame may include an elastic region adapted to be elastic and/or bendable under the weight of the mobile X-ray unit, and a spring or other elastic member such as rubber may be used to implement the elastic region of the frame. in. The medical unit with the elastic frame will be described later in conjunction with Figures 8-10.

2 is a block diagram showing the structure of a mobile X-ray unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The mobile X-ray unit according to the present invention comprises a high voltage supply, and more preferably, is adapted to generate 50-75 KV X-rays in a suitable X-ray tube, a cooling The system is used to cool the X-ray tube, and a control system is used to control the electronic and electrical parameters of the sub-unit of the X-ray unit during use. The component symbol 20 refers to the main unit of the control system 21 and the X-ray applicator 22.

The control unit 21 preferably includes a hard wired user interface 21a for switching the opening and closing of the high voltage supply 21b. More preferably, the high voltage supply 21b includes a high voltage generator 21c having improved ramp-up and ramp-down characteristics. high pressure The feeder is preferably operative to provide approximately 200 watts of power for use. More preferably, the ramp-up time is approximately 100 ms. The hardwired user interface 21a can be configured to automatically activate a cooling system 21d when the high voltage generator is turned on. Additionally, control system 21 can include a primary controller 21e configured to control dose delivery when the X-ray device is in use. The primary controller 21e can provide a primary counter to delete the logged-in data after the X-ray illumination is initialized. This master calculator automatically shuts down the high pressure supply to the X-ray tube after reaching the established dose. More preferably, the established dose is at least dependent on the energy and dose rate at which X-rays are produced. Wherein, the above situation can be calibrated in advance, and corresponding calibration data is provided as much as possible, so that the main dose distribution control of the main controller can be achieved. More preferably, the secondary controller 21f provides an independent loop for initiating dose dispensing control, and the secondary controller 21f can be coupled to a dose meter for accommodation in the X-ray device. In the X-ray range before the collimator. Accordingly, the dose meter can be assigned to the actual dose, providing immediate data in view of changes in the dose during ramp up and ramp down of the high pressure source. Also preferably, the control system may further include a safety controller 21g adapted to read data from the primary controller 21e, and the secondary controller 21f to close the high voltage generator after the desired dose is dispensed. (high voltage generator) 21c. In addition, or in addition, the safety controller 21g can be connected to an emergency stop system, a door interlock, and a generator lock device (generator). Interlock).

The X-ray applicator 22 preferably includes the following features: an X-ray tube 22a pre-packaged in an outer housing 22k. In accordance with the present invention, the X-ray tube is provided with a distance of about 4 to 10 cm, more preferably about 5 to 6 cm, between the target-collimator. The X-ray treatment device may further include a beam hardening filter 22b selected to intercept low-energy radiation and a beam flattening filter 22c to intercept portions The X-ray radiation is used to produce a substantially flat beam profile near the exit surface of the X-ray applicator. Still further, the X-ray applicator 22 can include one or more collimator configurations to define the processing beam geometry. More preferably, a set of collimators can be used, for example, having diameters of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5 cm. More preferably, although a circular collimator is considered here, any form of collimator such as square, elliptic or custom made collimator Can be used. It can be found that the X-ray treatment device 22 provided with the automatic collimator detection mean 22f has the advantage that it is suitable for automatically signaling the collimator in use. More preferably, resistance sensing is used wherein each collimator is provided with at least one pair of projections for bridging the resistive path provided in the collimator receptacle. The resistance generated by this chamber constitutes the signal representative of the collimator in use. The X-ray device 22 preferably includes a built-in temperature sensor. Suitable for emitting temperature signals from X-ray tubes and/or their housings. The signal from the temperature sensor is received by the control system and loaded with an analysis system. Once the measured temperature rises beyond the allowable range, an alarm signal is generated, optionally, a high voltage is also provided. The shutdown signal of the generator. The X-ray device 22 further includes a radiation sensor 22h disposed inside the outer casing 22k for detecting the actual X-ray radiation emitted by the X-ray tube. More preferably, based on safety factors, the X-ray charge device 22 can further include a non-volatile data storage 22i for recording at least the operational parameters of the X-ray tube. Further, in order to enhance the safety of the radiation, the X-ray treatment device 22 can provide a radiation indicator 22j to provide a visual and/or an audio output for the user and/or patient to know X. The on/off state of the light pipe. More preferably, the radiation indicator 22j may comprise a plurality of distributed signaling means. More preferably, at least one of the signal means, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) is electrically connected to the X Light therapy device 22. More preferably, the signal device is provided on the X-ray device 22.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing an X-ray applicator of a mobile X-ray unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and an X-ray applicator 30 includes an outer housing 36. There is an X-ray tube assembly 35 having an external shielding 35a. When the X-ray applicator is used, the housing 36 can be held by the user in a motorized manner. The X-ray applicator 30 further includes a strike target 45 to emit an X-ray beam having a longitudinal propagation axis 45a. According to the invention, at the impact target (anode) and The distance between the collimator 33 is about 4 to 10 cm, more preferably about 5 to 6 cm, so that the relatively short impact target-collimator distance is unexpectedly suitable for generating an X-ray beam. There is a generally narrower penumbra (about 1.5-1.8 mm per 20/80% of the rows) and better beam flatness.

The X-ray applicator 30 further includes a filter 39 to harden the X-ray beam emitted from the impact target 45, a beam flattening filter 40 to flatten the beam profile, and a collimator 33. It is inserted into a collimator receptacle 41.

In order to avoid overheating of the X-ray tube during use, a cooling system 34 will be provided, advantageously disposed between the X-ray tube assembly 35 and the external mask 35a, and with the X-ray tube assembly 35. The surfaces are in contact. A suitable refrigerant can be provided by a pipe 31. More preferably, the refrigerant is recyclable and can be water, compressed gas or even a special oil body. The X-ray device may further include a temperature sensor 37.

The X-ray applicator 30 can further include a suitable radiation detector 38 coupled to a radiation indicator 43. More preferably, the data collected by the radiation detector 38 is stored to a data storage unit 44.

To protect the X-ray exit surface of the X-ray applicator 30 from contamination during the clinic, an applicator cap 42 may be provided to cover at least the exit surface of the X-ray applicator 30. Even better, the thickness of the cap It is thick enough to completely cut off the secondary electrons emitted by the X-ray device. More preferably, the cap is made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and has a thickness of about 0.4 to 0.7 mm, more preferably 0.6 mm, across the window portion. A density of about 1.75 to 1.8, more preferably a density of 1.78. Alternatively, the cap is made of polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) and has a thickness of about 0.3 to 0.6 mm, more preferably 0.5 mm, and about 1.30 to 1.45. The density is better for a density of 1.39. It has been found that the above materials are particularly suitable for use herein due to their stability under the influence of X-rays and are suitable for different types of sterilization, such as chemical sterilization or sterilization at elevated temperatures.

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing an X-ray device according to an embodiment of the present invention having a device cover of Figure 3, the device cover 42 being made of transparent glass, transparent plastic or ceramic, as described above with PVDF and PPSU Manufacturing. The applicator cover can also be made of metal, although this is not optimal. In the last case, the applicator cover 42 can be sterilized. However, it is even better to use a disposable heat treatment device cover. In the fourth drawing, the component symbol 50 indicates that the outer diameter of the X-ray applicator 51 is larger than the outer diameter of the outlet portion, and is covered by the heat treatment cover 42. Although this embodiment can reduce the total weight of the X-ray applicator, the outlet portion can be the same diameter as the body of the X-ray applicator 51.

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing a collimator having an identification means according to an embodiment of the present invention, the collimator 63 having a central opening 64, The shape and size of the X-ray beam emitted by the X-ray applicator 30 as shown in Fig. 3 is defined. The collimator 63 is adapted to be housed in a collimator receptacle 61 which can be shaped as a suitable chamber so that the collimator 63 can be stably fixed. In order to be able to have an identification of the automatic collimator 63, the collimator has two projections 65a, 65b adapted to cooperate with a resistive path 62 provided in the collimator chamber 61. When the protruding portions 65a, 65b are in contact with the resistance path 62, the net resistance of the collimator chamber will vary. The change in resistance of the collimator chamber can be used as an automatic identifier for the collimator to be inserted into the collimator chamber. More preferably, for a set of collimators, each collimator needs to have a unique pair of protrusions to distinguish the change in the net resistance of the collimator chamber. It is known from the known art that the plurality of pairs of projections 65a, 65b can have different relative positions on a surface of the collimator. Alternatively, each collimator may be provided with an electronic identification device, for example, a wafer having a plug, when the pin is inserted into the collimator chamber (provided with a corresponding socket), the collimator The identification device will be in electrical communication with the control unit of the mobile X-ray unit.

Fig. 6 is a view showing a collimator having an identification device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and an embodiment of the collimator 33 different from that shown in Fig. 3 will be described in detail below. The collimator 33 can be provided with an aperture 71, which can have any shape, and identification means 72a, 72b can be used to automatically detect whether the correct (required) collimator is inserted into the X-ray treatment. In the device. For example, the identification devices 72a, 72b can be suitable spring loaded pins In conjunction with the resistor body (as indicated by component symbol 33a), the net resistance of the resistor body is varied. By detecting the representative signal of the absolute or relative resistance of the resistor body, automatic identification of the inserted collimator can be implemented.

The symbol of the component symbol 33a is a schematic diagram showing the implementation of the resistor body, wherein each dashed line 74a, 74b, 74c, 74d, 74e, 74f represents each resistor contact ring (only a few are drawn for clarity), the resistance path The amount of net resistance change of 33a depends on which contact of the resistance contact pin 72a or 72b contacts, and changes depending on the position in which it contacts. Different types of collimators 33 can be coded depending on the different locations of the contact pins 72a, 72b of the outer surface 70.

In another embodiment of the collimators 33', 33", the contact pins 72a, 72b can assist with a contact bar 76 for locking and/or enabling the collimator to be properly inserted into a quasi-aligner In the straight chamber, this feature is particularly advantageous when the collimator does not have a symmetrical geometric shape.

In another embodiment, the collimator and/or pin may be color coded.

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing an X-ray tube according to another embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 7E-E is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in Figure 7, and Figure 7F-F is shown in Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the section line FF. The X-ray tube 100 has a body 102, one end is a closed end, and the other end is an end window 104, and X-rays are emitted therefrom. The end window is made of thin sheet of Beryllium mteal. Covering the end window 104 with an applicator cap 106 to protect the window portion from damage and protection from metal Toxic effect. Preferably, the therapeutic cover 106 is made of a plastic material. More preferably, the therapeutic cover is made of PVDF and has a thickness of 0.4 to 0.7 mm in the window section, and more preferably 0.6 mm. The thickness is described in detail as described above. Alternatively, the cap is made of PPSU and has a thickness of 0.3 to 0.6 mm in the cross-section of the window, more preferably 0.5 mm, as detailed above.

In the tube body 102, a strike target 108 is located about 4 to 10 centimeters from the collimator 130, and more preferably about 4 to 6 centimeters from the collimator 130 (see section 7F). -F map), this distance is calculated from the outer surface of the impact target 108 to the median plane of the collimator 130. The impact target 108 is fabricated from Tungsten metal to provide the desired X-ray spectrum. The tungsten tip of the impact target 108 is mounted on a large anode assembly 110, which is also provided as a function in the impact target 108 to conduct heat generated by the generation of X-rays. Most anode assemblies are made of copper. The cathode 112 (see Figure 7F-F) is located slightly off-axis near the end window, and the electrons ejected from the cathode are accelerated across the potential difference between the cathode and the anode, which in this example is set to about 70 kV, such as The prior art is the same as reaching the impact target 108, where it strikes and causes X-rays to be generated. The X-rays emitted from the impact target 108 pass through the collimator 130 and pass through an exit surface 124 on the medicinal cap 106. Previously, a beam hardening filter 122 was passed through. The collimator 130 can be mounted on a suitable collimator receptacle 128.

The anode assembly 110 is mounted in the body 102 and electrically insulated, several kinds Both known and conventional materials can be used to provide the desired degree of insulation between the anode and body 102.

As is known in the art, the generation of X-rays generates a large amount of waste heat, and therefore, it is necessary to maintain the tube cooling below a safe temperature. A variety of cooling mechanisms are known and can be used. In the present embodiment, the X-ray tube is cooled by means of forced cooling around the anode region with cooling water, the cooling water entering the back of the tube by conduit 116, and by a second conduit 118 (see Figure 7F-F) and leave. The water cooling circuit is a closed loop circuit with a remote cooler (not shown) before the water leaves the tube to be cooled and before the return tube. Alternatively, oil or other fluids may be used as a cooling medium. In some applications, compressed gas can also be used as an effective coolant.

As in the prior art, X-rays are generated and emitted in all directions, except for the shelter of the tube body 102 and other internal component shields, thereby minimizing the amount of radiation from the tube body and making more radiation. Shoot from the end window. The thickness of the shield provided by the tube body is designed to at least provide the minimum level of shading required for safe use by the user.

A high voltage cable assembly 120 is coupled to the anode assembly 110. The high voltage line assembly is connected to a flexible cable means (not shown) which is in turn connected to the high voltage power supply.

A radiation detector 114 is disposed outside the path of the X-ray beam exiting the impact target 108 to the end window 104. The detector can be any known radiation detector. In this embodiment, It is connected to an amplifier using a conventional radiation hardened semi-conductor. When the X-ray tube 100 is operating and emits X-ray energy, the radiation detector 114 begins to detect. The output of the detector is coupled to a control unit whereby the output signal can be used to provide an optical indication to the user to confirm that the X-ray tube is in operation. The device can provide an X-ray detector for detecting whether the X-ray tube is activated or deactivated.

In order for the tube 102 to be properly placed on a tumor, a tumor illumination device is used. The tumor illumination device can include a plurality of light sources 126 placed at the periphery of the tube near the end window. When used, the light from the source is on the patient's skin. Since the light source 126 is located around the circumference of the tube body 102, a small distance from the end of the tube, a circle of light is created, the interior of which is empty. In this way, the position of the light creates a shadow at the tube body 102. This shaded circle is used to indicate the area where the target is radiated when the X-ray tube is activated. The inside of the circle will not be completely black, as ambient light will enter this shaded area.

More preferably, the light source 126 is a white LED that is bright enough to clearly illuminate the target area without excessive heat generation and a long lifetime. It is important to have no heat generated because the source is very close to the patient's skin and, as importantly, the risk of skin burns or other damage can be minimized. Light-emitting diodes of other colors can of course also be used. Alternatively, other light sources can be used, such as a conventional filament lamp, or even a remote light source by a fiber optic cable. Connect to a ring.

The radiation detector 114 is further calibrated to control the determination of the arrival of the patient and calculate the X-ray dose during the course of treatment. This device can have an instant dose control system whereby the precise dose of radiation can be determined. Once the dose rate can be determined, the treatment schedule can be adjusted. This has the advantage of achieving an accurate and precise X-ray dose control that is to be controlled.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing a medical care unit, such as a mobile X-ray unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The mobile X-ray unit can be constructed on a rolling chassis 200. The chassis may have a H-segment shape from a plan view. More preferably, the legs of the H-section are splayed and slightly outward, thereby increasing stability. The chassis can have four wheels 204, which can be individual castables and can be used to manually move the mobile X-ray unit to a desired position.

The chassis can be provided with a braking mechanism that can be operated by a pedal. Twin pedals 220 may be provided, one on each side of the chassis. The pedals are preferably connected by a shaft to ensure that only one pedal is operated to stop the chassis brake. The brake mechanism can be configured to grip the two opposing wheels. Other brake mechanisms can also be used.

In the present embodiment, the chassis legs 201, 202 are formed as strong structural members, such as a fabricated metal channel or beam. The two feet 201, 202 are made up of a cross-member 210 is connected, the cross member 210 may have a C-shaped cross section, and the two legs 201, 202 are connected at their ends or near the end, and can be bolted or welded as in the prior art. .

In this embodiment, the foot and cross member can be made of a pressed metal component, but other suitable shapes or materials are also possible. It is foreseen that the rolling part of the chassis can likewise be made of a molded plastic material, or in another case a cast metal structure of a material having higher strength, load bearing properties or rigidity. production.

A first vertical chassis member 206 can be securely coupled to the first leg 201 and extends upward therefrom. Connected to the second leg 202 is a second vertical chassis member 208. The vertical chassis members 206, 208 are securely coupled together by known means, not shown here. Some of the operating devices forming the mobile X-ray unit, such as a high voltage power supply, a cooling system for the X-ray tube, and a control system, can be mounted on the vertical chassis members 206, 208, also mounted on the vertical chassis members. There is also a movable arm (not shown). An advantage of this embodiment is that the vertical chassis member may not need to be vertical, but needs to be extendable upwardly at any angle, which may be advantageous and suitable for mounting any ancillary fitting or equipment.

The first chassis foot 201 is securely coupled to the vertical chassis member 206 by means of a bolt, which facilitates assembly of the chassis. However, other devices that can be used to ensure the fixation between the two components, such as welding, etc. Still available. The second vertical chassis member 208 is coupled to the second chassis foot 202 by a device such as a bearing. The second vertical chassis member 208 is securely coupled to a mounting bracket 214 by means of a bolt, welding or other conventional locking means. The mounting bracket is provided with a bearing support means that cooperates with a corresponding bearing arrangement of the second chassis foot 202. This bearing can be in the form of a shaft or pin 212. The shaft 212 extends from the mounting bracket 214 through the bearing support means into one of the co-operating support means of the foot 202. The shaft and mating bearing bores allow the second vertical chassis member 208 to rotate relative to an axis defined as extending along a longitudinal axis along the length of the shaft 212. The bearing support means can be made of any material known to form a bearing, such as a relatively soft metal such as brass, or more preferably a nylon or polyethylene plastic.

The vertical chassis members 206, 208 are securely coupled together in a manner that is not shown to provide a chassis that is strongly rigidly upwardly extended so that any desired components can be mounted thereon, while the chassis The rolling section provides flexibility to match the uneven or uneven surface.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the manner in which the elastic frame is connected between different members. The detailed structure of the vertical chassis member 206 is similar to that described above. Wherein the bearing includes a shaft 212 defining a axis of rotation through the center of the shaft 212, the foot 202 being rotatable therewith, thereby providing a means for deforming the rolling portion of the chassis and for a floor or road that is not flat The diameter and at the same time maintaining a relatively upwardly extending chassis portion. The shaft 212 extends through a bearing support in one of the mounting brackets 214 into the mating support in the foot 202 (see Figure 8). This configuration allows the legs 201, 202 (see Figure 8) to be rotated relative to each other when moving (or parked) on an uneven surface, thereby reducing the risk of instability of the overall device.

10 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the structure of FIG. 9, the foot portion 202 being mechanically coupled to the chassis member 208 by the mounting device 212 via the mounting bracket 214. As described above, the cross member 210 is connected to the legs 201, 202 at its ends or near its ends, and when the unit is secured, it effectively provides means for maintaining the foot in its desired relative position. However, this refers to the situation where the chassis moves to uneven ground and is subject to rotational torque and torque. The structural strength of the spanning members will produce a force sufficient to resist the relative torque of the feet relative to each other, and also provide a damping that limits and reduces the relative movement of the feet. More suitably, the rotational stiffness of the spanning member can be selected to provide a desired damping effect that takes into account the weight of the mobile unit and the unevenness of the floor.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments thereof, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the invention may be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

2‧‧‧Base

2a‧‧‧Load block

3‧‧‧flexible cable

4‧‧‧X-ray applicator

4a‧‧‧ articulated arm (articulated displaceable arm)

5‧‧‧Displaceable panel

5a‧‧‧outer portion

6‧‧‧Handle

7‧‧‧Display

7a‧‧‧user interface

7b‧‧‧window

7c‧‧‧window

7d‧‧‧ button (button)

8‧‧‧X-ray exit surface

10‧‧‧mobile X-ray unit

21‧‧‧control unit

21a‧‧‧user interface

21b‧‧‧high voltage supply

21c‧‧‧high voltage generator

21d‧‧‧Cooling system

21e‧‧‧primary controller

21f‧‧‧secondary controller

21g‧‧‧safety controller

22‧‧‧X-ray applicator

22a‧‧‧X-ray tube

22b‧‧·beam hardening filter

22c‧‧·beam flattening filter

22d‧‧‧collimator

22e‧‧‧applicator cap

22f‧‧‧Automatic collimator detection mean

22g‧‧‧ housing temperature sensor

22h‧‧‧radiation sensor

22i‧‧‧non-volatile data storage

22j‧‧‧radiation indicator

22k‧‧‧outer housing

30‧‧‧X-ray applicator

31‧‧‧pipe

33, 33', 33" ‧ ‧ collimator

34‧‧‧Cooling system

35‧‧‧X-ray tube assembly

35a‧‧‧External shielding

36‧‧‧outer housing

37‧‧‧temperature sensor

38‧‧‧radiation detector

39‧‧‧Filter

40‧‧‧beam flattening filter

41‧‧‧collimator receptacle

42‧‧‧Applicator cap

43‧‧‧radiation indicator

44‧‧‧data storage unit

45‧‧‧ impact target (target)

45a‧‧‧longitudinal propagation axis

51‧‧‧X-ray applicator

61‧‧‧collimator receptacle

62‧‧‧resistive path

63‧‧‧collimator

64‧‧‧central opening

65a: 65b‧‧‧projection

70‧‧‧outer surface

71‧‧‧ hole (aperture)

72a, 72b‧‧‧identification means

74a~74f‧‧‧resistive contact circle

76‧‧‧Contact bar

100‧‧‧X-ray tube

102‧‧‧ body

104‧‧‧End window

106‧‧‧Applicator cap

108‧‧‧ impact target (target)

110‧‧‧Anode assembly

112‧‧‧cathode

114‧‧‧radiation detector

116‧‧‧catheter (conduit)

118‧‧‧second conduit

120‧‧‧High voltage cable assembly

122‧‧‧beam hardening filter

124‧‧‧Exit surface

126‧‧‧Light source

128‧‧‧collimator receptacle

130‧‧‧collimator

200‧‧‧Rolling chassis

201, 202‧‧‧ chassis legs (chassis leg)

204‧‧‧ Wheels

206‧‧‧First vertical chassis member

208‧‧‧second vertical chassis member

210‧‧‧cross-member

212‧‧‧pin(shaft)\shaft

214‧‧‧mounting bracket

220‧‧‧double pedal (twin pedal)

P‧‧‧patient

1a is a schematic view showing a mobile X-ray unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; 1b is a schematic view showing a displaceable panel of a mobile X-ray unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 1c is a schematic view showing a displaceable function-loading device of an X-ray unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; 2 is a schematic structural view of a mobile X-ray unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an X-ray heat treatment device of a mobile X-ray unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; 4 is a schematic view showing an X-ray medical device according to an embodiment of the present invention having a medical device cover of FIG. 3; and FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a collimator having an identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 6 is a schematic view showing a collimator identification device system according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing an X-ray tube according to another embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 7E-E is a view showing X-rays. A longitudinal cross-sectional view of the medicinal device; a 7F-F diagram showing a cathode as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 7E-E; and a diagram showing a healthcare unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as a movement X-ray unit; Figure 9 shows the bullet A schematic diagram of another embodiment of a manner in which a sexual framework is interposed between different components; and FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the structure of FIG.

2‧‧‧Base

3‧‧‧flexible cable

4‧‧‧X-ray applicator

4a‧‧‧ articulated arm (articulated displaceable arm)

5‧‧‧Displaceable panel

6‧‧‧Handle

7‧‧‧Display

10‧‧‧mobile X-ray unit

Claims (22)

A mobile X-ray unit includes a base for accommodating a control unit, a power supply and a cooler, and a hinged displaceable arm for supporting an X-ray treatment with an X-ray tube The X-ray treatment device is coupled to the base, the X-ray tube includes a collision target for generating an X-ray beam and is connectable to a collimator of a collimator chamber for molding The X-ray beam is about 4 cm to 10 cm apart between the impact target and the collimator, wherein the collimator provides an automatic identification device to generate a signal representative of the control unit The characteristics of the collimator, and the identification device is formed by a pair of unique projections to distinguish the change in the net resistance of the collimator chamber. The mobile X-ray unit of claim 1, wherein the impact target and the collimator are housed in a substantially cylindrical X-ray tube and have a longitudinal axis, the X-ray beam One of the extending directions is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis. The mobile X-ray unit of claim 1, wherein the collimator is replaceable, and the mobile X-ray unit comprises a group collimator having a corresponding identification device. The mobile X-ray unit of any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising a signal device for indicating the generation of the X-ray beam. The mobile X-ray unit of claim 4, wherein the signal device comprises a light indicator disposed in the X-ray device. Mobile as described in any one of claims 1 to 2 An X-ray unit, wherein the cooler is provided with a conduit to provide a cooling medium adjacent to the X-ray tube, the conduit being located in a space between the X-ray tube and a housing wall. The mobile X-ray unit of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein a radiation detector is provided in the X-ray device for detecting the X-ray beam. The mobile X-ray unit of claim 7, wherein the radiation detector is configured to generate a control signal according to the generated X-ray beam. The mobile X-ray unit of any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising a temperature sensor for measuring an actual temperature of an outer surface of one of the X-ray treatments. The mobile X-ray unit according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the X-ray device comprises an exit surface, which is intended to face a patient, and the X-ray device further comprises a device. a therapy cover for covering at least the exit surface. The mobile X-ray unit of claim 10, wherein the heat treatment cover is disposable. The mobile X-ray unit of claim 10, wherein a thickness of the heat treatment cover is sufficient in a direction in which one of the X-ray beams extends to substantially eliminate the X-ray from the X-ray. Electron contamination of the bundle. The mobile X-ray unit according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the power supply is operable in a range of 60 to 75 kV. Used to generate the X-ray beam. The mobile X-ray unit of claim 13, wherein the power supply is operable to provide about 200 W of power when in use. The mobile X-ray unit according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the X-ray device is connected to the base by a displaceable panel, and the flexible circuit wiring is located substantially at the In the displacement panel. The mobile X-ray unit of claim 15, wherein the displaceable panel comprises a user interface for controlling the mobile X-ray unit. The mobile X-ray unit of claim 16, wherein the user interface comprises a display, more preferably a touch screen for inputting data. A method of manufacturing a mobile X-ray unit, the mobile X-ray unit comprising a base for accommodating a control unit, a power supply and a cooler, and further comprising a hinged displaceable arm for supporting An X-ray treatment device for an X-ray tube, the method comprising the steps of: connecting the hinged displaceable arm to the base by a flexible line; the X-ray tube is configured to have an impact target for generating an X-ray The beam and a collimator are used to form the X-ray beam generated by the collimator; the distance between the impact target and the collimator is set to be about 4 to 10 cm. A medicated device cover for an X-ray unit, the X-ray unit comprising an X-ray tube housed in an X-ray device including an exit surface, the exit surface being intended to face a patient, the illuminator The cover is configured to cover at least the out Mouth surface. The applicator cover of claim 19, wherein the applicator cover is disposable. The medicinal device cover of claim 19 or 20, wherein a thickness of the medicinal cap is sufficient in a direction in which one of the X-ray beams extends to substantially eliminate the X-ray from the X-ray Electron contamination of the beam. The medicated device cover of claim 19 or 20, wherein the medicinal device cover is made of a substantially transparent material.