TWI449634B - Electric power control system of electric vehicle and its discharge and charging control method - Google Patents

Description

Electric vehicle power control system and discharge and charging control method thereof

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a power control system, and more particularly to an electric power control system in which an electric control unit is controlled by an electronic control unit to perform battery charging or discharging behavior.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a block diagram of a power control system of a prior art electric vehicle. In the prior art, the battery module 10 is directly connected to a switch module 20, and the switch module 20 is electrically connected to an electronic control unit (ECU) 30 for receiving a large current. A relay 40 and a power converter (such as a DC/DC Power Converter) 50 that performs voltage modulation. A secondary side module 60 is electrically connected to an electronic control unit (ECU) 30, a relay 40 and a motor 70, and the power converter 50 is electrically connected to each loading component. (Load Unit) 80, such as a lamp (Lamp), a vehicle meter (Meter), etc.

When the switch module 20 is a key on, the battery module 10 forms an electrical path with the electronic control unit 30, the relay 40 and the power converter 50 to supply power to the components. The electronic control unit 30 first pre-charges the secondary side module 60 to allow the secondary side module 60 to supply power after the built-in capacitance of the secondary side module 60 has sufficient voltage. Motor to turn it. The power converter 50 is powered by the conversion battery module 10 to form the power available to each of the loading elements 80 and is then powered to the loading elements 80.

When the power distribution unit 30, the relay 40, the power converter 50, and the like are all configured, the vehicle components need to be powered and start the initialization operation, and the initialization operation is performed. The vehicle components are in a Standby, and even in a functioning state, the overall demand time is quite long. If the design deliberately reduces the time required for the preparatory work of each component, it is likely that the coordination between the components will be greatly reduced, and the components will operate abnormally (for example, the electronic control unit cannot judge whether the vehicle components are functioning properly or not, causing the machine to crash. Or enable the wrong component drive method), shorten the life, or even the system damage.

When the charging operation is performed in this way, the entire system must be in the state of the switch module 20 in a key on state, so that the electronic components of the vehicle are mostly in a power receiving state, and the power supplemented by the system is consumed, so that the charging performance of the battery module 10 is large. To reduce. Moreover, the system consumes power while charging, which will make the system's power balance quite unstable, thereby consuming the life of the vehicle parts.

Therefore, how to provide a power control system with high stability for charging and discharging operations is a problem that manufacturers should consider.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric control system and a power control method for an electronic control unit to control an operation mode of an electronic component of a vehicle according to a power supply source to perform charging or discharging behavior.

In order to solve the above system problem, the present invention discloses a power control system for an electric vehicle, comprising a motor, a battery module, a power converter, a relay, a secondary side module connecting the relay and the motor, and an electronic control The unit is used for controlling the power converter, the relay and the secondary side module, the secondary side module and a pre-charging unit are electrically connected to the battery module through the electronic control unit, and the secondary side module and the pre-charging unit are electrically connected. A connection, and a switch module connected between the battery module and the electronic control unit.

Wherein, the power take-off end of the power converter and the relay is connected to the line between the switch module and the battery module. When the switch module is in the path, the electronic control unit activates the power provided by the battery module to drive the power converter, and precharges the capacitor unit of the secondary module by using the pre-charging unit, and When a certain voltage is applied, the secondary side module and the relay are driven to form an electrical connection between the battery module and the motor, and the motor starts to operate by obtaining one of the operating powers provided by the battery module.

The power control system of the electric vehicle disclosed in the present invention further comprises a charging module electrically connected to the electronic control unit and the relay. When the switch module is open circuit and the charging module supplies power, the charging module supplies power to the electronic control unit and the relay, and the electronic control unit receives power to drive the relay, and the relay converts the power supply of the charging module to charge the battery module.

In order to solve the above discharge problem, the present invention discloses a discharge control method for an electric vehicle, which controls the discharge behavior of a battery module when an electronic control unit is used as a passage for the switch module of the electric vehicle. The method includes: the electronic control unit is powered by the battery module to drive the power converter, and pre-charges the capacitor unit of the secondary side module by using a pre-charging unit; and when the capacitor unit has a specific voltage, the electronic unit The control unit drives a secondary side module and a relay disposed between the battery module and the motor to form an electrical connection between the battery module and the motor, so that the motor obtains one of the operating power provided by the battery module.

In order to solve the above charging problem, the present invention discloses a charging control method for an electric vehicle, which is an electronic control unit that controls the charging behavior of a charging module to a battery module when the switching module of the electric vehicle is disconnected. The method includes: receiving, by the charging module, a power to supply power to the electronic control unit and a relay connected to the battery module; receiving power by the electronic control unit to drive the relay; and, by the relay, switching the power supply of the charging module to perform the battery module Charging.

The present invention is characterized in that the system disclosed in the present invention has its relay and power converter controlled by the electronic control unit. Therefore, even when the electronic control unit is not controlled, the relay and the power converter can obtain power of the battery. It will not move, so there will be no situation where the vehicle will be launched without cause. Secondly, the electronic control unit controls the entire system for charging or discharging behavior by different power supply sources to integrate and simplify the power control mode of the system, and at the same time reduce the complexity of the system design and the space occupation of components and wiring. Third, regardless of charging or discharging, the current is supplied to the motor through the relay, or charged to the battery. The control of the relay is controlled by the electronic control unit, which not only simplifies the circuit design mode, but also charges and discharges. When an abnormality occurs, the electronic control unit can directly stop the action of the relay to cut off the power, thereby improving the safety of the system. Fourth, when the switch module is in the key on state, once the electronic control unit enters the operating state, the operation of the relay and the power converter can be controlled reliably, and there is no time for the components to be initialized. And the electronic control unit obtains the wrong component state situation, and at the same time improves the operational coordination between the components. Fifthly, when charging, it is not necessary to convert the switch module into a key on state, so that in addition to the necessary electronic components, other electronic components are not subjected to electricity, that is, there is no unnecessary power consumption, and at the same time Improve charging efficiency.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

First, please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of a first system architecture of an embodiment of a power control system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention. Please also refer to FIG. 3 to illustrate a schematic diagram of the discharge behavior of the embodiment of the power control system of the electric vehicle of the present invention.

The system includes a battery module 10, a switch module 20, an electronic control unit (ECU) 30, and a secondary side module 60. A pre-charging unit 31, a relay 40 and a power converter 50 are provided.

The battery module 10 is electrically connected to the switch module 20 , the relay 40 and the power converter 50 , wherein the power take-off end of the relay 40 and the power converter 50 is electrically connected between the switch module 20 and the battery module 10 . Line. The power output terminal of the power converter 50 is electrically connected to each load unit of the vehicle, such as a lamp 81, a meter 82, a K-Line connector 83, and the like.

The switch module 20 is electrically connected to the first power receiving end F1 of the electronic control unit, and the secondary side module 60 and the pre-charging unit 31 are electrically connected to the battery module 10 through the electronic control unit 30, and the secondary side mode is The group 60 is electrically connected to the pre-charging unit 31.

However, the electronic control unit 30 and the pre-charging unit 31 and the secondary side module 60 can be modularly designed to be integrated into an electronic controller 3.

The dotted line shown in FIG. 3 is the discharge current direction. When the switch module 20 is in the path, the electronic control unit 30 is electrically connected to the battery module 10, and the power supply of the battery module 10 is taken from the first power take-off terminal F1 to operate. The electronic control unit 30 drives the power converter 50, which converts the power supplied by the battery module 10, and generates and supplies the aforementioned loading components (the lamp 81, the meter 82, the K-wire connector 83, etc.). The electricity used.

The electronic control unit 30 controls the pre-charging unit 31 to start a pre-charging behavior of the capacitor unit in the secondary side module 60, and senses the state of charge of the capacitor unit. When the capacitor unit has a specific voltage (generally required to approximate the voltage of the operating power provided by the battery module), the electronic control unit 30 opens the power path between the relay 40 and the secondary side module 60, and makes the second The side module 60 opens the power path between the motor and the motor, so that the battery module 10 and the motor 70 are electrically connected, and the motor 70 can obtain the operating power provided by the battery module 10 to start operation. The pre-charging behavior is to prevent the operating power obtained by the relay 40 from being excessively different from the initial voltage of the secondary side module 60, so as to avoid an electric spark due to an excessive voltage difference, thereby causing an electrical disaster.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a communication connection is formed between the electronic control unit 30, the meter 82, and the battery module 10 by a controller area network (CAN) 306. The battery module 10 transmits its power supply and related state to the electronic control unit 30 via the controller area network 306. The electronic control unit 30 transmits the operation information of each loading component to the meter 82 to present the operating state of the vehicle. . Wherein, when the electronic control unit 30 drives the relay 40, the battery module 10 is controlled by the controller area network 306 to start providing the aforementioned operational power. At the same time, the electronic control unit 30 stops the pre-charging behavior of the secondary side module 60 by the pre-charging unit 31.

In addition, the electronic control unit 30 is electrically connected to the input unit 300 of each loading component of the vehicle, such as a side bracket switch, a brake switch, a piezoelectric switch (P-ECO switch), a reverse switch and a start switch. At the same time, the electronic control unit 30 is also electrically connected to the K line connector 83. This K-line connector 83 is externally connected to a Diagnostic Equipment 90. The electronic control unit 30 transmits the operation of each loading component or its own operating state to the diagnostic device 90, or the diagnostic device 90 is directly electrically connected to each input unit 300 (side bracket switch, brake switch, piezoelectric switch, The reverse switch and the start switch) are used to present the operational status of each switch for maintenance personnel to refer to. Moreover, the motor 70 can be a Hall Motor or other related types of motors, and is not limited.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of charging behavior of an embodiment of a power control system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 2 to facilitate understanding. When the switch module 20 is in the off state, the electronic control unit 30 cannot operate the power supply of the battery module 10, so the power converter 50 and the relay 40 cannot be driven, and the power converter 50 and the relay 40 are not affected. The electronic control unit 30 is driven to stop the operation. The dotted line shown in FIG. 4 is the charging current direction.

A charging module 11 is electrically connected to the second power receiving end F2 of the electronic control unit 30 and is connected to the power output end of the relay 40. The switch module 20 at this time is in a state of being in a Key Off state. When the charging module 11 supplies power to the electronic control unit 30, the electronic control unit 30 is powered and drives the relay 40. The relay 40 obtains the power supplied from the charging module 11 to convert the power that can be obtained by the battery module 10 to charge the battery module 10.

The charging module 11 , the electronic control unit 30 and the battery module 10 form a communication connection through the controller area network 306 . Through the controller area network 306, the charging module 11 can obtain the power response information provided by the battery module 10, determine the current storage capacity of the battery module 10, and then determine the timing of stopping the power supply. The charging module 11 and the battery module 10 transmit their respective operational states to the controller area network 306. The electronic control unit 30 can know the charging operation state of the charging module 11 and the battery module 10 through the controller area network 306. When at least one of the charging module 11 and the battery module 10 generates an abnormal state, if the battery module 10 starts to be overcharged, the charging module 11 provides power instability. The electronic control unit 30 stops the operation of the relay 40 to interrupt the charging operation.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a second system architecture of an embodiment of a power control system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention. The difference from the embodiment of FIG. 1 is that the pre-charging unit 31 is built into the electronic control unit 30.

6 is a schematic diagram showing a third system architecture of an embodiment of a power control system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention. The difference from the embodiment of FIG. 1 is that the pre-charging unit 31 is built in the electronic control unit 30, and the secondary side module 60 is coupled to the electronic control unit 30.

Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a schematic flowchart of a discharge control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 at the same time to facilitate understanding. As described above, the battery module 10 is electrically connected to the switch module 20, the relay 40, and the power converter 50. The power receiving end of the relay 40 and the power converter 50 is electrically connected to the line between the switch module 20 and the battery module 10. The power output terminal of the power converter 50 is electrically connected to each load unit of the vehicle, such as a lamp 81, a meter 82, a K-Line connector 83, and the like. The switch module 20 is electrically connected to the first power take-off end of the electronic control unit 30. The secondary side module 60 is electrically connected to the pre-charge unit 31, the relay 40 and the motor 70, and the electronic control unit 30 is electrically connected to the pre-charge. Unit 31. In this method, when the electronic control unit 30 is in the path of the switch module 20 of the electric vehicle, the discharge behavior of the battery module 10 is controlled. The method is as follows: the electronic control unit 30 is powered by the battery module 10 to drive the power converter. 50. The pre-charging unit 31 pre-charges the capacitor unit of the secondary side module 60 (step S110).

As described above, when the switch module 20 is in the path, the electronic control unit 30 obtains the power supply of the battery module 10 from the first power take-off terminal F1. The electronic control unit 30 drives the power converter 50, which converts the power provided by the battery module 10 and generates power for use by each of the aforementioned loading components.

Moreover, the electronic control unit 30 controls the pre-charging unit 31 to start a pre-charging behavior of the capacitor unit in the secondary side module 60, and senses the state of charge of the capacitor unit.

When the capacitor unit has a specific voltage, the electronic control unit 30 drives the secondary side module 60 and the relay 40 disposed between the battery module 10 and the motor 70 to form a battery between the battery module 10 and the motor 70. The connection is made such that the motor 70 obtains the operating power supplied from the battery module 10 (step S120). The electronic control unit 30 opens the power path between the relay 40 and the secondary side module 60, and opens the power path between the secondary side module 60 and the motor 70, so that the battery module 10 and the motor 70 are formed. Electrically connected, the motor 70 can start operating by taking the operating power provided by the battery module 10. The specific voltage generally needs to approximate the voltage of the operating power provided by the battery module 10.

Further, the electronic control unit 30 communicably connects the battery module 10 via the controller area network 306. When the electronic control unit 30 drives the relay 40, the electronic control unit 30 transmits the operating power through the controller area network 306 to control the battery module 10 (step S130). At the same time, the electronic control unit 30 stops the pre-charging behavior of the secondary side module 60 by the pre-charging unit 31.

FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a discharge control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please also refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 for easy understanding. The method is that the electronic control unit 30 controls the charging behavior of the charging module 11 to the battery module 10 when the switch module 20 of the electric vehicle is disconnected. The method is as follows: the charging module 11 supplies power to the electronic control unit 30 and A relay 40 that connects the battery module 10 (step S210). Next, the electronic control unit 30 receives power to drive the relay 40 (step S220).

Thereafter, the power supply of the charging module 11 is switched by the relay 40 to charge the battery module 10 (step S230). That is to say, the power is converted by the charging module 11 and the relay 40 a plurality of times to form the power that the battery module 10 can receive and start charging.

Furthermore, the charging module 11 , the electronic control unit 30 and the battery module 10 form a communication connection through the controller area network 306 . Therefore, during step S230, the charging module 11 responds to the power of the battery module 10 to determine the timing of stopping the power supply. The charging module 11 obtains the power response information of the battery module 10 through the controller area network 306, determines the current storage capacity of the battery module 10, and determines the timing of stopping the power supply.

However, when the electronic control unit 30 knows that at least one of the charging module 11 and the battery module 10 generates a charging abnormal state through the controller area network 306, the operation of the relay 40 is stopped. Similarly, the electronic control unit 30 can also know the charging operation state of the charging module 11 and the battery module 10 through the controller area network 306, but at least one of the charging module 11 and the battery module 10 generates an abnormality. In the state, the electronic control unit 30 stops the operation of the relay 40.

In the above, it is merely described that the present invention is an embodiment or an embodiment of the technical means for solving the problem, and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. That is, the equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention or the scope of the invention are covered by the scope of the invention.

Prior art:

10. . . Battery module

20. . . Switch module

30. . . Electronic control unit

40. . . Relay

50. . . Power converter

60. . . Secondary side module

70. . . motor

80. . . Loading component

this invention:

3. . . Electronic controller

10. . . Battery module

11. . . Charging module

20. . . Switch module

30. . . Electronic control unit pre-charging unit

40. . . Relay

50. . . Power converter

60. . . Secondary side module

70. . . motor

80. . . Loading component

81. . . Headlight

82. . . meter

83. . . K line connector

90. . . Diagnostic

300. . . Input unit

306. . . Controller area network

F1. . . First power take-off end of the electronic control unit

F2. . . Second power take-off end of the electronic control unit

1 is a block diagram showing a power control system of a prior art electric vehicle;

2 is a schematic diagram showing a first system architecture of an embodiment of a power control system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram showing a discharge behavior of an embodiment of a power control system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram showing charging behavior of an embodiment of a power control system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram showing a second system architecture of an embodiment of a power control system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram showing a third system architecture of an embodiment of a power control system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

7 is a schematic flow chart of a discharge control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a discharge control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3‧‧‧Electronic controller

10‧‧‧Battery module

11‧‧‧Charging module

20‧‧‧Switch Module

30‧‧‧Electronic Control Unit

31‧‧‧Precharge unit

40‧‧‧Relay

50‧‧‧Power Converter

60‧‧‧secondary module

70‧‧‧Motor

81‧‧‧ headlights

82‧‧‧ instruments

83‧‧‧K wire connector

90‧‧‧Diagnostic

300‧‧‧ input unit

306‧‧‧Controller Area Network

The first power take-off end of the F1‧‧‧ electronic control unit

The second power-off end of the F2‧‧‧ electronic control unit

Claims (7)

An electric power control system for an electric vehicle includes a motor, a battery module, a power converter, a relay, a secondary side module connecting the relay and the motor, and a control unit for controlling the power converter The relay and the electronic control unit of the secondary module are connected to the battery module, the secondary module and the pre-charging unit of the electronic control unit, and are connected to the battery module and the electronic control unit The switch module is characterized in that: the power converter and the power take-off end of the relay are connected to a line between the switch module and the battery module; when the switch module is a path, the electronic control The unit is activated by the power provided by the battery module to drive the power converter and pre-charge the capacitor unit of the secondary side module by using the pre-charging unit, and drive when the capacitor unit has a specific voltage The secondary side module and the relay are configured to electrically connect the battery module and the motor, and the motor obtains one of the operating power provided by the battery module, wherein the electronic control unit When the battery module is connected by a LAN controller, and to drive the relay, through the LAN controller to control the operation of the battery module to provide power. The power control system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the pre-charging unit is built in the electronic control unit, and the secondary side module is coupled to the electronic control unit. The power control system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the power converter and the relay are when the switch module is open circuit The operation is stopped without being driven by the electronic control unit. The power control system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a charging module electrically connected to the electronic control unit and the relay, when the switch module is open circuit and the charging module supplies power The charging module supplies power to the electronic control unit and the relay, and the electronic control unit is powered to drive the relay, and the relay converts power supply of the charging module to charge the battery module. The power control system of the electric vehicle of claim 4, wherein the charging module, the electronic control unit and the battery module form a communication connection through a controller area network, and the charging module is based on the battery module The group of power response information determines the timing of stopping the power supply. The electronic control unit stops the action of the relay when the at least one of the charging module and the battery module generates an abnormal state through the controller area network. A discharge control method for an electric vehicle, wherein an electronic control unit controls a discharge behavior of a battery module when the switch module of the electric vehicle is in a path, wherein the method comprises: receiving, by the electronic control unit, the battery Powering the module to drive a power converter, and precharging the capacitor unit of the secondary side module by using a pre-charging unit, wherein the electronic control unit communicably connects the battery module via a controller area network And when the capacitor unit has a specific voltage, the electronic control unit drives the secondary module and a relay disposed between the battery module and the motor to make the battery module and the motor Electrical connection Then, the motor obtains one of the operating powers provided by the battery module, wherein when the electronic control unit drives the relay, the electronic control unit controls the battery module to provide the operating power through the controller area network. A charging control method for an electric vehicle is characterized in that an electronic control unit controls a charging function of a charging module to a battery module when the switching module of the electric vehicle is disconnected, and the method comprises: charging by the charging The module supplies power to the electronic control unit and a relay connected to the battery module; the electronic control unit receives power to drive the relay; and the relay converts power supply of the charging module to charge the battery module, wherein The charging module, the electronic control unit and the battery module form a communication connection through a controller area network, and the charging module determines the power supply timing according to the power response information of the battery module, and the electronic control unit When the controller area network knows that at least one of the charging module and the battery module generates a charging abnormal state, the action of the relay is stopped.