TWI324002B - Methods and apparatus for circulation transmissions for ofdm-based mimo systems - Google Patents

Description

13.24002, IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a wireless communication, and more particularly to a multi-input multiple-output (ΜΙΜΟ) system cyclic transmission including a plurality of transmission and reception antennas. [Prior Art] φ A multi-input multi-output system has the advantage of using multiple transmission and reception antennas to simultaneously transmit and/or receive multiple data streams, and multiple input and multiple output systems can thus be used in the same time. The total rate of total processing is increased several times. The system performance of a multiple input multiple output system can be optimized by transmitting a Gaussian distributed lean stream. The tributary streams of this multiple transmissions must be independent and have zero correlation. One way to achieve this independence is to try to exploit all available diversity (diversity), ie frequency, time and space diversity (diversity) when transmitting data streams. Therefore, the optimization of the performance of a multi-input multi-output system can be achieved by utilizing the maximum randomness (or minimum correlation) in the frequency, time and space of the transmitted data stream. Due to device size limitations, antennas must often be closely packed. Unfortunately, this tight alignment results in a high degree of correlation between the transmitted and received data streams, thereby reducing system performance. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the connectivity of the transport stream, thereby enhancing the performance of a multiple input multiple output system.

6 ISS-P060039-TW SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a specific method of improving the performance of a multiple input multiple output system via better utilization of frequency 'time and/or spatial diversity. For example, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a multiple input multiple output system can utilize cyclic transmission to minimize transmission data flow affinity, thereby enhancing the performance of the multiple input multiple output system. In one embodiment, the invention is an apparatus for use in a wireless system. The device comprises a whirling code (also known as a convolutional code) encoder, which uses two input data and an output encoded data bit; and an interleaver (also known as an interleaving factory) for inputting the encoded data bit and outputting the interleaved back data. Bit. The interleaving is performed by the coding bits output by the convolutional coding, and the adjacent coding bits it' are interleaved and separated as much as possible, and the diversity (diversity) is added. - or multiple quadrature amplitude modulation mappers (also known as sub-images, interleaved cross-coded bits, mapped to multiple sub-sub-carriers. 5. Multiple complex fast Fourier transforms (丨眶se FFT or processor) According to the modulation of the secondary subcarrier, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signal symbol is generated. This orthogonal frequency division is more than a crying only, and the loop is transmitted to the processor, and the end is H: the diversity is improved. The present invention - ^ In a specific embodiment, the cyclic transmission processing state is completed based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ag ΑΑ σ. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the loop transmission + Christine: Gu Yiyi #, processor , completing the sub- (sub) carrier-based cycle, multiple antenna streams. The other embodiment of the present invention is the method of the present invention. The method includes the lung person\I line. The communication system transmits the wheel, inputs the material, and encodes the output code data.

ISS-P060039-TW 7-bit and interleave the output encoding bit. The method further includes entropy interleaving, code bit to a plurality of subcarriers, and generating orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols from the subcarriers. Additionally, methods in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention include transmitting subcarriers and symbols to optimize diversity of time, space, and frequency. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more fully understood from MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION - While the invention may be embodied in various forms, the drawings are not described in the following description. The present invention is intended to limit the invention to the specific real nouns described and/or described. The following explanations will apply to the entire specification: output from the ^-spin encoder Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol number 1 female-one stereo combined interleaver orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol number simultaneous transmission orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol number • transmission antenna number (10) nofdm) less system. one simultaneous transmission n〇 Multi-input readout system for fdm signals (including M transmit antennas) N·Receiving antenna number system, first.--Multiple types with M transmit wheels and N receive antennas

ISS-P060039-TW 8-input multi-output system N〇FDM (M)xN system: a multi-input multi-output system that transmits N0FDM signals simultaneously (containing one transmission and N receiving antennas) Ncbps: each orthogonal frequency division Number of coded bits of the symbol Nsc: number of subcarriers included in each orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol Nbpsc: number of coded bits per subcarrier 圃丨a according to a description of a specific embodiment of the present invention Multi-input multi-output transmitter flow chart for wireless communication. Although there are multiple transmission and receiving antennas, the multi-output multi-output secret will not transmit and receive at the same time. Therefore, the multi-wheel multi-output system is designed to share the same antenna for transmission and reception. As shown in Figure 1a... a whirlwind horse, the fast (CE) encodes the data block, such as (10) Q bit data. A parent errorer encodes the convolutional code: ## bits are interleaved. A parallel ^ positive amplitude modulation (QAM) image || to map the interleaved bits to the multi-wheel multi-output system of the sub-transmission in 111a (four), quadrature amplitude modulation image processing: the end system - a parallel reverse fast Leaf transformation (丨FFT) =. The inverse fast Fourier transform processor, based on its input, produces a ί = crossover multi-symbol symbol. In order to provide spatial diversity... an orthogonal frequency divider circulator (detailed below) is the data after the parallel inverse fast Fourier hydroxy over-cycle. Such as the pay ring... group antenna transmission is shown as another multi-round its transmission wheel according to the present invention # /, mussel her example of the input of the evening, = input: private map. The multiple input multiple output system illustrated in Figure 1b is provided by a secondary carrier looper. Subcarrier tracking as described in τ

ISS-P060039-TW 9 ring in the quadrature amplitude modulation mapper group fast fast Fu·_ (four) "turn, and improve the ring data to generate orthogonal points, = read reverse fast Fourier transform,, Xifu number, The antenna is transmitted. The port is a cyclotron encoder that encodes the input code, and the output bit is delayed =: this 'increased the correlation between any two coded bits in the transfer wheel. With the interval of the lines, _ 2 is ignored. As for how many intervals constitute sufficient interval, negligible = 'dependence' depends on the choice of the cyclotron encoder. The interleaver maximizes the interval between all adjacent bits after encoding, _ is tight after encoding Bits. ^ Another multi-input and multi-output system considers that multiple antennas cannot be guaranteed to transmit and receive data streams from all antennas at the same time. For example, if the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the front end of the interface is Insufficient, the number of successfully transmitted and received data streams is less than the total number of available antennas. For example, when the signal-to-noise ratio of a four-antenna multiple-input multiple-output system is too low, it may only transmit one, two or three. Independent information To the receiver. The message theory predicts that a MIMO system can transmit the same data from all available antennas for optimal performance. Therefore, in a four-antenna multiple-input multiple-output system, it is theoretically best to use four. The antenna transmits the data stream instead of using two antennas, especially for the multi-wheeled multi-output system used for wireless communication, which transmits the data stream when it is received by the target (multiple rounds of multiple rounds) receivers. Often through the multipath propagation channel and encountering interference from other wireless signals in the air. In this case, from the whole

10 ISS-P060039-TW 1324002 The same information available on the antenna wheel can again provide maximum transmission diversity (diversity). To enhance spatial diversity (diversity), all available antennas are used for transmission by less than a few (four) flow-wheels. For example, Figure 1a and 1b can be used in the two root county inventions: the shield ring transmission. Figure 1a illustrates the 循环 of an orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol cyclic transmission. Figure 1b illustrates an example of a secondary loop transmission. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol multi-input multi-output system, generally

= a reverse material Fuxiang turn shop, one on each of the yuan lines. Throughout each of the inverse fast (four) conversions, multiple frequency domain inputs are output in time domain. For example, as shown in Figures 1a and 1b, a fast Fu Li Ping transfer 7F 'mother-reverse", there is one (or more) frequency domain input, this - Yi Xi) input end in every unit time The quadrature amplitude modulation of one subcarrier to be mapped is input to the inverse fast Fourier converter. When a fast, Fourier transform ϋ knows the quadrature amplitude modulation value of each subcarrier can be used to generate a positive Cross the frequency multiplex symbol for the output.

Usually all available bandwidth, will be divided into multiple channels, each channel can pass a small: domain wave. The hybrid-single-wheel rim output system can use each sub-carrier (sc) to transmit quadrature amplitude modulation and mapping signals, but in order to avoid adjacent channel interference (ACI), usually several sub-carriers at the edge of the channel are not used. To transfer data. In addition, a small portion of the underloaded waves are reserved for the pilot signals used for synchronization. A special multi-input multi-output system using 64 inverse fast Fourier converters can transmit data using only 48 subcarriers. ^ ''

ISS-P060039-TW 11 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of a multiple-input multiple-output system (2〇〇) that does not contain three transmit antennas (202a) that can be cyclically transmitted using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols ( 202b) and (202c). This multiple input multiple output system (200) includes an encoder (FEC) (2〇4). In a multi-input multiple-output system (200) paradigm, the coder (2〇4) outputs 18 orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols. An interleaver (2〇6) interleaves the fixed orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol output by the forward error correcting code (FECl/2 & puncture) (2〇4). For example, the interleaver (206) can divide the 18 orthogonal divisions into three units by means of six orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols. The interleaved orthogonal crossovers are input to the group of quadrature amplitude modulation images (208a) ‘(208b) and (2〇8c). In order to avoid adjacent channel interference' and to provide pilot subcarriers (synchronization), only 64 of the 64 available subcarriers are used to transmit the data. The unused subcarriers are zeroed except for the data and pilot subcarriers. Therefore, the quadrature amplitude modulation mappers (2〇8a), (208b) and (208c) control the interleaved data into 48 subcarrier inverse fast Fourier transformers (2i〇a), (21〇b) and (21). 〇c) The output of the quadrature amplitude modulation mappers (208a), (208b) and (208c) can be operated. Antennas (202a), (202b) and (202c) transmit data output by the inverse fast Fourier transformers (210a), (210b) and (210c). As shown in Figure 2, in the MIMO (200) paradigm, only two of the three available antennas can be used simultaneously to transmit data. The remaining antenna elements are all off. g is that all antennas are not used at the same time, and cyclic transmission provides spatial diversity. As shown in Figure 2, the total transmission requires 9 positive

12 ISS-P060039-TW 1324002 Cross-frequency multiplex symbol time. An exemplary orthogonal frequency division multiplexer is used as an orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol (212). It can be observed that a fixed pattern is applied to transmit (here N〇fdm=2) antennas from Μ(here M=3) available antennas.

Each of the orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols includes Ν_coded bits from a whirling code coder (such as the forward error correction code FEC (204)). For example, in the MIMO system (coffee) +, ν_=48. The mapping of this orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol is based on quadrature amplitude modulation mapter modulation. In the case of Lu 1 system ~ BPSK, 1 bit can map 1 BPSK: 2 == modulation 'such as _, 2 bits can map 1 QPSK signal. Similarly, in the system (10)_Xiang, such as 16 orthogonal amplitudes, the convergence of good continents and = and 6 bits, respectively, a 16 positive

1 towel field 5-week and 64 quadrature amplitude modulated signals. Summary, 1 BPSK

Code bit. Similarly, the n:QPSK contains 48x1 coded interleaver τ-coded bits from the interleaver including the interleaver:=modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol' modulation. One 彳6 quadrature amplitude bit 彳 夕 旒 contains 48x4 code bits 7L from the interleaver. 1 64 orthogonal 锢 Φ5 sleeve pin The output of the 48X6 integer orthogonal frequency division multiplexer from the interleaver is #1 1; ° ° mother-drum intersection amplitude modulation mapping carrier). One input to the fast Fourier converter (the secondary line can be rmSf multi-industry multi-input multi-output system has _ transmission day EH_ M «work «' every 1 antenna transmission 1 positive father crossover ^ symbol. To achieve maximum Diversity,

ISS-P060039-TW 13

That is, NcbpsxN〇fdm Therefore, the interleaver size (N|) is an integer multiple of four BPSK modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexing crossover symbols. Randomization of 48χ4 bits can increase diversity. (Νι) must be for the simultaneous transmission of n〇fdm orthogonal "evening in the eve of the system" (2..), the total coding bit packet: 18 positive father crossover and more symbols. In theory, riding With the coding bit 织 织 传输 and transmission, the ideal performance of the expected towel can be obtained, that is, the ideal interleaver size is 18 orthogonal frequency division multi-guard symbols. However, in some cases, this-interleaver The size will cause too long receiver delay and too large decoding buffer. The receiver must receive and deinterleave all 18 orthogonal frequency division multi-guard symbols before decoding. _ Multiple input recording system, each The transmission of millions of bytes (Mbps) in seconds, this design may be difficult to implement. One option 'try to arbitrarily arrange all the simultaneously transmitted data, that is, NrN0FDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. The other option is Increasing the interleaver size to multiple (integer multiple) N0FDM orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols, thus including more permutations and diversity. In Figure 2, for example, two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols are transmitted simultaneously and the interleaver size is The six orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols 'is three times the N〇fdm value. Some of the possible advantages of a multiplexed multiplexed multiple input multiple output system as shown in Figure 2 are illustrated below. For example, having 48xN OFDM degrees of freedom can be used to provide better spatial and frequency diversity (diversity). It has 3 available transmit antennas to provide better spatial diversity (diversity). When signals are transmitted at different points in time (t1 to t9 in Figure 2), they can be used to

14 ISS-P060039-TW for better time diversity (diversity). Additional time and space diversity (diversity) is provided by the multipath propagation channel between the transmitter and the receiver. In this case, the transmission signals of different delays and directions are received by the antenna of the receiver. A multi-input multi-output system can be further optimized, although the cycle provides the advantage of increased time, space and frequency. For example, output signals from a whirling encoder are highly correlated, especially between adjacent coded bits. Moreover, in the immediate subcarriers of the same orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol, there is often a high degree of correlation in the frequency domain whether or not it passes through the multipath propagation channel. In addition, because all antennas are closely located on the same device, the transmission and reception signals of one antenna can be highly correlated. For example, if all antennas are set up on a 1 inch wide device and the distance between two MIMO systems is about 10 or 20 meters, then the signal transmission or reception of all antennas may be 'frequency and space'. There is a high degree of relevance. So-today, although this orthogonal crossover, multi-input, multi-input and multi-output system seems to have quite a lot of available frequency, space and time diversity (diversity), but all received signals, in frequency and space There is a high degree of relevance. At this point, the added benefit of increasing the frequency or spatial diversity (diversity) of a MIMO system cannot be fully realized. However, the method of using the method to minimize the relevance can restore the multi-secret benefit. For example, the specific aspect of the present invention refers to the read-and-write method, and the highly-coded bit can be used to utilize all available frequencies and spaces. Time diversity (diversity). The key to this cyclic transmission method is the design of the interleaver and the binary transmission processing H. This interleaved H and cyclical embodiments are described in detail below.八八贝

ISS-P060039-TW 15 In addition to the =interleaver structure, system performance can also be improved by cyclic transmission (CT). Introduce two financial methods here. One-to-multiple output systems can be purchased with or without the above interleaver. However, better system performance can be achieved with both j interleavers and cyclic transmissions. a As above, multiple antennas are not guaranteed to successfully transmit and receive data streams from all antennas simultaneously. Also, system performance can be improved if the data stream is transmitted and received by all antennas. In the case of the case, if the number of data streams (No circle) at the same time is less than the number of antennas (M) of the transmission wheel, the cycle wheel can be used to achieve better system performance. When the bribe transmission is made, the interleaver size can be equivalent to N0FDM or integer multiples of n〇fdm orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols. Figures 3a-bf illustrate a loop space referred to in a particular embodiment of the invention, followed by a loop of 3D 多: = 2 and 13) for a multi-input multi-round system such as SMX), 2 (3) ) Ring SMX. Figure m is now a kind of orthogonal frequency division multi-guard symbol cycle (s-Bc) two soil-based, transmission form, will be described in detail below, in S = BC, the system is fixed and the knife frequency multiplex symbol has One of his own cycle models. Figure 3b presents a cyclical transmission called Sub-Bc (II-Bc). The details are described below. In Sub-Bc, each sub-carrier has its own quaternary mode. Eight D a, only two of the three antennas transmit two orthogonal two-two symbols at the same time. However, different pairs of antennas can be selected at different = transmissions without dividing the multiplexer symbol. For example, the ith, 2 x frequency division multiplex symbol (#. and #υ are transmitted by #〇 and #1 antennas,

ISS-P060039-TW 1324002 Male = ^ frequency division multiplex symbol is transmitted by #〇 and #2 antennas, and - only two two-way multiplex symbols are transmitted by #1 and #2 antennas. Although the crossover and multi-guard symbols are transmitted at the same time, but an interleaver with three 3 crossover and multi-guard symbols is used, in the Η output system, all the transmission antennas can be fully and evenly used, and the second transmission will be used. The coding bits are randomized. Antenna' will transmit

Comparing the multi-"two-output money into the antenna _2 orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols, using this - loop-passing wheel can improve the systemic monthly W and 'for this money, at the cost of the interleaver size from 2 m 6 orthogonal crossover multi-guard symbols, accompanied by a larger interleaver in a larger storage room...which results in a longer decoding time delay 'because receiving n must wait until it receives enough _ After the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol, the de-interleave can be performed (this example is 6 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols). This delay may affect or even cause problems with multiple round-robin multi-output systems for high-speed data rate transmission (hundreds of Mbps).

The SJBC cyclic transmission example using one fixed antenna cycle mode has been previously described as antennas #0 and #1, #〇 and #2, #1 and #2. This mode is repeated until the last pair of orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols are transmitted. In one example, a complete antenna loop pattern requires 3 pairs of transmissions, or 6 orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols. The total number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols is not necessarily exactly an integer multiple of six orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. That is, the transmission action can be stopped after transmitting the last one pair of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. In addition, the total number of orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols is not necessarily an even number. In this example, the last one orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol' may be transmitted by any one of the last one pair of antennas.

ISS-P060039-TW 17 1324002 Figure 3b is a graphical representation of the phase of the loop transmission increasing diversity (diversity), in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The two solid/six-element system outputs from the interleaved (wrong) device are cyclically transmitted by the sub- (sub)carriers, and each of the two: pay-numbers will pass through three paths that can be used for transmission: sub (: The carrier is remapped to the frequency division multiplex symbol, which is assigned by 3 2: 2 raw orthogonal (secondary) carrier coded bits, which can be simultaneously = 2 x 48 sub (times) (4). In each of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexer dreams of the present invention, the ''jin image is 〇 (that is, there is no transmission number; the number of edited elements simultaneously transmitted in the modulation of the secondary carrier ( ° 3b month system however 'in Figure 3b sub (sub) carrier skin as low as 2 orthogonal frequency division multiple y shot 'parent error 11 size from 6 drops make full use of antenna diversity (diversity) U, and all antennas Simultaneous transmission, raw computer analog line transmission 2 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing /, 攸 2 疋 疋 B 夺 ' 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以 以-BC) and sub-(1) contain orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol system performance has been significantly improved.; ^ wave cyclic transmission (Sub-called and Sub_BC performance from electricity 'in most cases, S-BC species Method tearing, (d) and this S-BC system pattern). Figure 4b provides the Figure 4:::: mode (- not related to the system cycle mode and pay 18

ISS-P060039-TW < S ) Π 2: In 4a and 4b, the MIMO system is treated as a = two:, a 2 (7) multi-wheeled multi-output system, with 3 682" The amount of data contained in the two positively-divided multiplex symbols before the _ring transmission has been processed. Select the total number of Nqfdm loop patterns from the total antenna towel, i s Ai Ting Ting N pattern:

V ^ OFDM J Μ ] Μ! According to one of the inventions and the 訾 & /, 骽 only examples, to ensure that an interlaced (wrong) fast can be used to interleave the multi-output system into the multi-output system _ with S- In the BC, the orthogonal mf term is at least the interleaving (error) of the NPa_xN0 out system, and only the multi-input and multi-transmission of the Sub-Bc can be provided and one SBC multi-^ cross-frequency multiplex symbol is used. That is, diversity (diversity). For the same transmission system of the same system, use #〇,#1,_M) 〇0 more input and multiple input antennas, all the selection modes provided ^) to represent - group core _ For the system, there are three types of m, one type of 2 (3) ring-time selection of N0FDM antennas). These:::3) Antenna core type (per mode #0: antenna #〇 and #1 mode #1: antenna #2 and #1; and mode #2: antenna #2 and #〇. 1 S-BC The ring-shaped SMX system continues, the fine multiplex symbol is the unit, and the wheel is more N〇FDM orthogonal frequency division #1, #(M ct IL uses the ring pattern #0, ... _ "η·1), (4) Time pass __ orthogonal frequency division

ISS-P060039-TW 19 Xigong symbol. The transmission can be stopped in any mode corresponding to the wheeler symbol #丨, (4), 彳, the system is not necessary to be exactly one of the orthogonal characters: :X疋J (j_1,.. .,,N〇FDM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexer six 'fast size NpattemxNQFDM orthogonal frequency division multi-weaving (wrong)

CixN0FDM+j)^^^ ;;, 'The interleaving (wrong) is usually not '= the last transmission size of the full packet, which can be modulated by each, the total number of bits, and the data. Ways and other related assets = different. Therefore, both the transmitter and the receiver can calculate the final transmission size at the beginning of the transmission of the second: ten packets, so that the relevant weaving device can operate normally. - Weaving or De-crossing Figure 5a is an embodiment of the invention using a 2 (3) S-BC ring SMX system as shown in Figure 4a. A whirling, flat coder (not shown) transfers data to an interleaved (wrong) device (2002). The interleaved data is represented by a mapper (aka actor) (opposite to the sub (secondary) carrier. The mapped data is passed through a set of 丨 FFTs (2006). Based on orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols. The cyclic transmission is provided by the cyclic unit (2008) according to the cyclic mode of Fig. 5b. The parental (error) size is NpatternXN〇FDM or 6 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols as shown in the table of Fig. 4b. These 6 positive The crossover frequency multiplex symbols are transmitted at three time points t〇 according to modes #0, #1 and #2 in Fig. 5b, respectively. According to an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 6a refers to a Sub.

ISS-P060039-TW 20 (3) Ring SMX secret. A whirling code (convolution code) encodes the data and passes it to an interleaved (wrong) device ((10)). An exemplary interleaved (wrong) mapping table of an interleaving (2102) is referred to in accordance with the present invention. The interleaved bit is mapped by an entropy (image) (21〇4) to a sub (sub)carrier. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in Figure 6a, the mapping (image 1304) is a BPSK mapping (image). In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 16, the BPSK image is purely 2 orthogonal. Frequency multiplexer Each orthogonal frequency division h symbol contains the BPSK modulation value of the I data sub (secondary) carrier (the output of the imager). The following uses Cq(4) and ^(4) to indicate 'where the subscript 〇 or two A different orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, number, s is the sub (sub)carrier index. The sub (secondary) carrier cycle is provided by the cyclic processor Sub_BC (2106). In the specific embodiment illustrated in the sixth a diagram The loop processor (-2106) generates the outputs of the two BPSK mappers (21〇4) according to the sub (sub)carrier cycle mode, and generates three sub-carrier inputs (ie, D〇(4), D1(S)&D2(4). Here, 3 丨fft outputs 'represents simultaneous transmission of 3 orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols. For the #sth (secondary) carrier, "one button will have 2 rounded BPSK pairs The mapping values 'C〇(s) and Ci(s) are generated according to the cyclical modes shown in the fourth g-picture that can be used for a 2(3) system. The output mode is selected. P (s) , is a function of the sub (sub)carrier index s, as defined by the following equation: PW = [fl_/NJ 冶 m〇du Fu & Fu (?) where S-0 ' 1 ' 2...·· Nsc-1 'and f |00r(x) is the largest integer less than or equal to X.

ISS-P060039-TW 21 In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6c refers to a manner of one subcarrier helium mode. As shown in Figure 6c, only one number is listed for each selected model, that is, 3 (M=3) available IFFTs, D〇(s), Di(s) and D2 ( s) 'Selected to transmit #s子^欠> 2 (N〇fdm=2) 丨 FFT paths of the carrier. In contrast, the "S_BC system of port 1\/1(1\/1) will N〇fdm orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols, according to the cyclical mode, one of the antennas is used in turn, N0FDM A Sub-BC system of N〇fdm(M) will correspond to N〇fdm quadrature amplitude modulated samples of the same sub (sub)carrier, according to the cyclic mode of the sub (sub)carrier. It is assigned to one of the possible sums of transmissions, and then by an IFFT, according to the assigned quadrature amplitude modulated samples (some of which are 〇), one orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol is generated. When the system of the figure uses the interleaver of Fig. 6b and the cycle of the sub (secondary) carrier of Fig. 6c, the transmission result of Fig. 6d can be obtained. The physical meaning of the above P(s) equation is as follows. In all sub- (personal) carriers, the parent Ncarrier sub- (sub)carriers are treated as a group to take turns using % of all transmission antennas, such as a ring cycle. When entering the next group of Ncarriers (times) When the carrier is used, the first modulo operation makes the set of heart* sub (secondary) carriers, the first used mode will be different from the previous one. It can guarantee that the original phase _ bit after encoding, as shown in the figure, A(0) and A(1)' will not use the same antenna during transmission. Here - the number of subcarriers (sub) carriers ' Parameter: In the above example, Ncarrier selects 3' short-coded original adjacent bits, such as A(〇) and A(1) in the figure, and the frequency domain interval during transmission is not less than 3.

ISS-P060039-TW 22 sub (secondary) carriers. When the simultaneous transmission of the orthogonal wealth, the number of small-area transmission antennas, h S_BC and Sub-BC, are also applied together with various space-time block codes (SpaceTjme B丨〇CkC〇de, STBC). A famous ^tbc is the Alamouti code. _ 7a is a schematic diagram of a 2(3)S-BC multiple input multiple output system using Figure 7F in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a schematic representation of a 2(3) Sub_BC multi-input multiple output system using Alabaster passwords in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 7a-b, 2 positive-frequency division multiplex symbols after the Alabaster coding are transmitted simultaneously through the loop. In Figure 7a, the loop function is provided by the S-BC cycle unit (22Q2). In Figure ^, the loop function is provided by the Sub-BC cycle unit (22Q4). The figure is a circulation mode table containing the cycle units (22 guilty) and (2204) according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is an interleaver size table that can be used in accordance with a particular embodiment of the present invention. The following relationship can be applied to Figure 7a-b and Figure 8a-b to enhance the code system: _ _ Γ λ λ LJ = S-BC and Sub, BC Wei mode number M = N0FDMXNpattern (S-BC CALA system) M=Nofdm (CALA system of Sub_BC) 卟 is the size of the interleaved (wrong) device, the larger interleaved (wrong) device and the longer coding delay. It can be seen from the above that whether it is a multi-input multi-output system with a ring or a ring, the two (4) weaving (6)

The ISS-P060039-TW 23 has the same size and cycle pattern. Other multi-input and multi-output systems that use non-A-Audio coded space-time block code transmission orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols can use S_BC or Sub_BC to achieve optimal diversity. In summary, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a sub-subcarrier transmission (Sub__BC) can be referred to Figures 4a-b and 8a-b. When N〇Fdm S Μ, the Nofdm orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols can be simultaneously transmitted by a multiple input multiple output system with one transmission antenna. An orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol 'before each sub- (sub)carrier is subjected to sub- (sub)carrier cyclic transmission processing, and has one quadrature amplitude modulation sample whose modulation value is not ( (for orthogonal The output of the amplitude modulator is used as its input value. Each of the orthogonal crossover multiplex symbols includes Nsc sub (secondary) carriers, s = 0, 1, 2, ... Nsc-1. The sub (sub)carrier cyclic transmission converts the input signals of N〇fdm orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols (such as C〇' Cl, ... Cn〇fdm-i) into two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (N轮FDM< Μ ) symbol of the round signal (such as D〇, h, ... Dm-i). An example description is provided below. There are N〇fdm orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols before the sub- (sub)carrier-passing transmission processing, that is, for each sub- (sub)carrier S, there are NOFDm quadrature amplitude modulation samples that are not 0. C0(s), C^s) J ... Cn〇fdm-1(8). When the transmission antenna (i.e., transmission path) Μ > N 〇 fdm 'utilizes the sub (sub)carrier cyclic transmission process', one orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol required for one transmission path can be generated. At this time, in one of the transmission antennas (that is, the transmission path), the Nofdm antennas are selected as the sub (secondary) carrier cycle mode, and the Di(s) value of the i-th antenna is set as the jth Cj. (s) (The above assumes that the sub (sub)carrier cycle mode is specified as such).

After 24 ISS-P060039-TW 1324002, set the D(s) value of the remaining M-Nofdm transmission antennas to 0. When the meaning is clear, the following will use C's and D, s to simplify our discussion. Figure 4a defines a selectable sub- (sub)carrier cycle pattern for mapping the c, s values of the NOFDM quadrature amplitude modulated samples prior to processing to the D's values of the processed quadrature amplitude modulated samples. The selection of the selected model # ′ P(s) according to Figure 4a can be defined by the following equation: P(S)= S m〇d Npattern (8)

Where s = 0, 1, 2 '... Nsc-1 is the sub (sub) carrier index. In other words, the selection of each sub (secondary) carrier s P(s) ' is determined by equation (8). The selection P(s) in 〇, 1, 2, ..., M-1, specifies N0FDM different numbers. The C's of the N〇fdm orthogonal amplitude modulated samples before processing are mapped to the D's of the designated N〇fdm orthogonal amplitude modulated samples according to P(s)' selected for each sub (secondary) carrier s. The remaining (M-N〇fdm) are not within the specified P(s) specification, and their D value is set to 〇. After completing all sub (sub)carrier mappings, (s = 〇, 1, 2, ... Nsc-1 ),

The d, s values required for one orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol are composed of the C's values of the N0FDm orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols before processing. Because of the operation of the Npattern modulus in equation (8) above, the value of P(S), from 〇 to , as the value of S increases, circulates all possible modulo of a N0FDM (Μ) system, Npattem The following equations are given: .Μ, Ν

Pattern vnofdm

Ml N〇fdm !(M -N〇fdm )! (9)

25 ISS-P060039-TW 1324002 A complete cycle representation contains all possible modes, mod #0, # 1 ...' #Npattenr1. After a complete modulo, a significant number of non-〇 and 子 sub- (sub)carriers are evenly distributed in the heart_(10) multi-input multi-rounder system. D, S is required to ride an orthogonal crossover W symbol. The selected modulus p(8) is repeated from 〇 to Npattem-1. For example, if Npattem=3, the subcarrier index s=〇, 1 ′ 2 ′ 3,4,5,... then P(8)=0,1,2,0,1,2, 〇,1, 2,... .. Equation (8) can be modified as follows:

Pattern(4)’. 0 Han 1 ) + 〇 5 _ Nj] m 〇 d (10)) In equation (10), ' s is the subcarrier index and Ν _ is 1 design parameter. The equation (1〇) basically groups each _ subcarriers into a group. After this modification, the selected modulus is still repeated from G to Npattem_1, but from the subcarrier group to the other group, the next mode is first used (that is, k modes are skipped). For example, if Ncarrier=3 and Npattem=3', the three subcarriers are one group and the cyclic modulus number P(8) is 〇, 1, and 2. If equation (1〇) is used, • Sub-carrier index S=Q,1,2 '3,4,5 ' 6,7,8.·. The replacement cycle mode becomes =G,彳,2,1,2 , Q, 2, Q, 彳. As you can see in the above example, after every 3 subcarriers, one mode will be skipped first, and the next mode will be used. Other embodiments of the invention are those that perform the above described changes. For example, an alternative embodiment of the present invention may include one or more of the following devices: (1) In equation (7), the fl〇〇r() function provides a mode between each Ncam.er subcarrier group. Show translation, any of this, this 〇 "(), function or the modification of the model translation between the groups. (H) 1 cycle modulus can use some or all of the possible Npattem

ISS-P060039-TW 26 Moulding. For example, a 1 (4) multi-input multi-round system, &_ is 6 (that is, there are modifies #〇, #1,...,#5). By way of example, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, only partial modalities, such as stencils #0, #1, and #2, may be employed. The part of the complete model contains a small part of the model from the total Npattern model. The equations modified by equations (7), (g) and (10) are as follows:

Pattern (7), lion xfl. . Towel/Ν_) + Ν_χ(ί _ N_)]m〇d (11) where Nshift defines the modulus change, N_t is the subcarrier offset, and Npartial refers to the inclusion of some or all of the modalities from the possible modes. Cyclic mode. > (丨丨丨) nofdm orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol c, s "average" transmission into a positive father frequency division multi-symbol D'S, the total c's and D, S non-〇 total number of carriers are the same. In addition, (1) each of the orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols has the same number of non-〇 carriers. While the present invention has been disclosed in its preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be construed as As explained above, it is possible to make various types of repair changes without derailing the spirit of the invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the scope of the appended patent application.

ISS-P060039-TW 27 [Simplified Schematic Description] FIG. 1a illustrates a multi-wheeled multi-output transmission of cyclic transmission wireless communication based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols according to the flow chart of the present invention. Device. </ RTI> Figure 1b illustrates a multi-input multi-round transmission for cyclic transmission wireless communication based on subcarriers in accordance with a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention. 2 illustrates an exemplary multi-wheeled multiple output system transmitting 个8 orthogonal frequency division multiplex numbers from three transmit antennas in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 33 illustrates the use of a signal loop in a multi-input multiple-output transmission system in accordance with a flow chart of the present invention. Figure 3b illustrates a use of a subcarrier cycle in a multi-transmission-multiple output transmission system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The cycle parameters of the S_BC system to a Sub-BC system are illustrated in accordance with the present invention. Figure 4b is a graph showing the number of loop parameters and the size of the interleaver for the system illustrated in Figure h. Figure 53 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary 2(3)S_BC system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A illustrates an exemplary 2(3)S_BC system exemplary cycle parameter table of FIG. 5a. FIG. 63 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary Sub-BC2(3) system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

28 ISS-P060039-TW 1324002

206 interleaver interleaver 208a QAM mapper quadrature amplitude modulation mapper 208b QAM mapper quadrature amplitude modulation mapper 208c QAM mapper quadrature amplitude modulation mapper 210a IFFTs inverse fast Fourier transformer 210b IFFTs inverse fast Fourier transformer 210c IFFTs inverse fast Fourier Converter 212 OFDM symbol Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex Symbol 2002 interleaver Interleaver 2004 mapper Imager 2006 IFFTs Reverse Fast Fourier Transformer 2008 circulation unit Loop Unit 2102 interleaver Interleaver 2104 mapper Imager 2106 circulation unit Sub_BC Loop Unit Sub_BC 2202 S_BC Circulation unit 2204 Sub_BC circulation unit Sub__BC cycle unit

ISS-P060039-TW 30

Claims (1)

1324002 X. Patent application scope: • 1. A method for transmitting two orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multiple input multiple output system using three transmission antennas, including a first orthogonal frequency division multiple a symbol CO and a second orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol C1, and 'a first, second and third transmission antenna each of which has 48 subcarriers, with S=0, 1, 2, .. , 47, and each orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol has 48 orthogonal modulation amplitude samples CO(s) and C1(s) related to 48 subcarriers, respectively, C0(0), C0 (1), C0(2), .., • CO (47) and C1 (0), C1 (1), C1 (2), ..., C1 (47) indicate that the method includes: forming three outputs Orthogonal crossover multiplex symbols, DO, D1 and D2, each • has a quadrature amplitude modulation multiplex symbol C0 and C1 equivalent to 48 subcarriers s with orthogonal modulo mapping D0(s), D1(s)-based 48 quadrature amplitude modulation imaging samples D0(s), D1(s) and D2(s), wherein the D0 quadrature amplitude modulation enantiomeric sample is designed as C0 (0), C0 (1), ..., C0 (47), D1 The quadrature amplitude modulation imaging sample is designed as C1(0), C1(1) ..., C1(47), • and the D2 quadrature amplitude modulation imaging samples are designed as C2 (0), C2 (1), ..., C2 (47); and the three output orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols DO, D1 And D2 is transmitted by three antennas at the same time. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein forming the three output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols further comprises: s 's=0 ' 1 ' 2 ' ..., 47 for each secondary channel ' 31 ISS-P060039-TW 1324002 Select a first part from DO(s), D1(s) and D2(s); • Specify D0(s) to the first part of the selection; From DO(s), D1( S) and D2(s) select a second part different from the first part; specify C1(s) to the first part of the selection; and specify a 0 number to DO(s), D1(s) and D2( The third part of s). 3_ The method of claim 1, wherein forming the three output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols further comprises: for each secondary channel s, s=0, 1, 2, ..., 47 Specify one of the first parts of CO(s) to DO(s), D1(s) and D2(s). Specify C1(s) to DO(s), D1(s) and D2(s a portion of the two unselected portions; and a third digit assigned to a 0 number to DO(S), D1(s), and D2(s). The method of claim 1, wherein the forming the three output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols further comprises: opening &gt; into two groups g(〇), g(1), and g( 2) Three orthogonal amplitude-modulated enantiomer samples, respectively, where g(0)={C0(s), C1(s), 〇}, g(i)={ 〇, C1(s), co(s) }, and g(2)={C1(s),Ο,CO(S) }, and where 0 is specified as the quadrature amplitude modulation entropy sample ; value; forming a 48 consecutive group p(k), k=0 , 1 ' 2,...,47, where p(k)=g(km〇d 3); and 32 ISS-P060039-TW = for each-time channel s, s=〇, 1, 2,... , 47, specify three phase fields in the output orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol D 〇 (s), D1 (s) and D2 (s) orthogonal amplitude modulation of the sample of the orthogonal amplitude modulation of the sample in p (s) Group, according to p(8) in the continuous group f is one of 9(0), 9(1), and g(2), wherein the first position of p(8) is assigned to D0(8), and the second position of P(8) is assigned to D1(S), and The third position of p(s) is assigned to D2(s). The method of claim 3, wherein the forming the three output orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols further comprises: forming two sets of orthogonal amplitude modulated pairs of samples 'g(m), m=〇, 1, 2, wherein each g(m) is a unique continuous C 〇(s), C1(s) and 0 Orthogonal Amplitude Alignment sample, and wherein G is designated as G Orthogonal Amplitude Alignment α · Oral, forming a 48 consecutive group p(k), k = 〇, 1, 2, , 47, where p(k) is selected from g(m), m = 〇, 1, 2; and 2 pairs per A secondary channel s, s = 0, 1, 2, . . . , 47, specifies three equivalent orthogonal output frequency division multiplex symbols D 〇 (s), D1 (even and D2 (s) quadrature amplitude modulation The orthogonal amplitude-amplified enantiomeric sample of the enantiomeric sample is in the p(s) group, according to the connection, 'only the group where P(S) is g(〇) 'g(1), and g(2), wherein p(s) The first position is assigned to D0(s), the second position of p(s) is assigned to D1(s), and the third position of P(s) is assigned to D2(s). The method of item 5, wherein three sets of orthogonal amplitude-modulated enantiomeric samples 'g(m) are formed, m=0, 1, 2 further comprising: ISS-P060039-TW 33 1324002 Specify g(0)={C〇(s), C1 (s), 〇}, g(1)〇 and g(2)={C1(s), 0,CO(s)}. s) ' C0(s) } ' 7 · As described in the scope of claim 5, the amplitude-modulated enantiomeric sample, g (m), m = 0, 1, 2, /, form two sets of orthogonal ^ transport one step contains: specify g ( o)={C〇(s), C1(S), 0}, g(1)4 and g(2)={C1 (s), 0, C0(s)}. (s) ’ C1 (S)} ’ 'The formation of a 48-connection further includes: 8. The method described in item 5 of the patent application continuation group p(k), k=0, 1, 2, ..., 47, designation p(s)= g(s mod 3). 9. As in the method of claim 5, the reciprocal group p(k), k=0, 1, 2, _, 47, /, forms a 48-joint P(k)=g([ Fl〇〇r(k/3)+(k mod 3)] m〇d 3>. 匕3 . 1〇·—A method of transmitting two input orthogonal frequency divisions in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system including three transmission antennas. The antenna has 48 subcarriers and each antenna has The input is orthogonally divided, and the multiple = number has 48 orthogonal amplitude-modulated mapping samples related to 48 subcarriers, and the method includes: orthogonally amplitude-modulating mapping from the two input orthogonal orthogonal frequency multi-guard symbols The sample forms three output orthogonal frequency division multi-guard symbols, wherein each of the output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols has 48 self-quadrature amplitude modulation pairs ISS-P060039-TW 34 and samples related to 48 subcarriers, and Each of the output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols includes a plurality of orthogonal amplitude-modulated imaging samples from each of the round-crossing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. The three-output orthogonal frequency division is simultaneously transmitted from the three antennas. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol further comprises: forming each of the two 48 subcarriers, "three output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols Two; input the orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol Two orthogonal amplitude modulation pairs to the two selected output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols; to: a day 〇 a quadrature amplitude modulation port frequency division multiplexing symbol. (4) sample ° ° to the one of the remaining rounds orthogonal 12. If the method described in the patent application scope item, the two transmission * orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol into the step package; select the two to form three intervals combined with the three number; The parent frequency division multiplexer ^the two intervals combine to form a two output orthogonal 48 combination; and the evening work assigns a combined mode to the secondary cut according to the continuous sequence. 13. If the patent application scope item 12 is formed into a step-by-step encapsulation, wherein the continuous sequence is fixed, the three interval sections are repeated. ISS-P060039-TW 35 1324002 and 0 14. As claimed in claim 12 The method of the item, wherein the continuous sequence is 'as indicated by P(8), S = 0, 1, 2, ..., 47, and the step comprises: P (s) g (m &gt; 'm-〇' j ' and 2 ' where g(m) is the combination of the two round-off orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols selected from the three output orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols and wherein m = s (m〇 d 3丨. 15. In the case of claim 12, wherein the continuous sequence is formed, as indicated by P(8), 3=0, 12, ..., 47, further included in the definition P(s) = _, m = 〇 small And 2, wherein _ is the combination of the three rounded orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols selected from the three orthogonal frequency division multi-yu symbol, and its ten m=[f|〇〇r (s/3)+(sm〇d^m〇d 3 〇• 1 = the method described in claim 11, wherein the two input orthogonal frequency division multi-function two orthogonal enantiomeric samples are specified The output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol to the two selections further includes: designating a symmetric amplitude modulation mapping sample from the first output orthogonal symbol to the first selection output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol, And specifying the quadrature amplitude modulated multiplex symbol from the second output orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol to the second selected output orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol. 17_- species--the orthogonal segment of the M_transmit antenna More financial symbols ISS-P060039-TW 36 1324002 In the input multi-output system, the N 〇 FDM input orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol is transmitted ^ ' where Nofdm &lt; M and wherein the two antennas each have Nsc · human carrier and one The n〇fdm input orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols have Ns that conform to Nse secondary carriers. A quadrature amplitude modulation mapping sample, the method ° includes: , the orthogonal amplitude modulation pair of the NQFDM gamblers orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol = forming a round-off orthogonal frequency division multi-wei symbol, each of which The m The 3 positive father crossover multiplex symbol has Ns. The subcarriers are orthogonal = amplitude-amplified samples, and - the M output orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol packets = several orthogonal transforms from which the input orthogonal quadrature frequency division multiple predicates are deleted Duck mapping samples; and transmitting the three output orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols simultaneously from the three antennas. 18·If Shen JI special hometown (four) 彳 7_ described in the branch, the shape _ one output positive father crossover multiplex symbol further contains: Each of the Nsc subcarriers, n 〇 fdm of the output orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols; and the nqfdm domain orthogonal symmetry symmetry symbol of the positive = amplitude mapping sample to the N _ a selected output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing payout, and MN 〇 fdm remaining outputs specify a 0 quadrature amplitude modulated pair of samples to the orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol. Among them, the method is as follows: 19. The method described in claim 18 of the patent application 37 ISS-P060039-TW S 1324002 nofdm round-out orthogonal frequency division multi-form Npattern = Μ symbol further includes Μ! N0FDM! (M_ Ν(10)Μ!) an interval combined with the N0FDM rounds of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols; forming one Nsc connected elements continued one of the NPa«ern interval combinations; and I, the middle mother and one element are according to the continuous sequence Specify a combined mode to the secondary carrier. 2. The method of claim 19, wherein the forming further comprises repeating 豸 under a fixed command, the sequence N Pattern N OFDM Μ! Nofdm!(Μ - Ν〇_!) Specializes in the 19th rhyme red 妓, which forms 'such as p (s) mark, s = 0, j, 2, "performance order; with the specified P (8) = g (10), m = 〇n ΚΙ ' further open 5 off output orthogonal The division of the frequency is selected by the symbol of the ^ ^ 频 频 工 工 工 工 该 mod mod mod mod mod mod mod mod mod mod mod 、 、 、 、 、 、 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. 22. Continuously formed, as indicated by P(8), the net is small, U, and contains the specified p(8)=g(10), (4) small 2, and (10) the g(10) in the basin is the n-sided output orthogonal selected from the μ output orthogonal frequency division multi-guard symbols. The Npattem_ combination of the frequency division multiplex symbol, and the ISS-P060039-TW 38 towel, [floor(s/ NPattem)+(s mod NPattern)] mod NPattem. 23. The method of claim 19, wherein the continuous sequence I, as indicated by P(s), s = 0, 1, 2, . . . u, further comprises specifying P(8) = g(10), m = 〇,1' 2,····,Νρ_η, in the basin is (four)μ output orthogonal 财 碍 _ 之 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 正交 正交 正交 正交 正交 正交 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 且 N N N N N N N N N N N f, 〇〇r(s/ Ncarrier)+(sm〇d Ncarrjer)] ;〇d ::Caf, where N-leak defines the modulus change and & coffee indicates that a week-finger not only contains all possible modes An integer number of mods. Cross-frequency and multi-read fresh input and multi-transmission " _ ring method, including: time transmission orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol (N_) more transmission cross-frequency multiplex symbol (four) output orthogonal division so all orthogonal frequency division Multi-work. All data signals are included in the output orthogonal wealth id's and transmitted from one transmission antenna simultaneously _ orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbol. 25 · If the patent application scope is more than 24 rounds, recognize the mountain / ~ One of the positive-family crossover multiplex symbol self-loop transmission methods, in which one orthogonal split two-signal signal is evenly dispersed to _output orthogonal frequency-divided pay--the mother-output cross-frequency k-symbol k, s ISS-P060039-TW 39 The number of signal signals is the same and one of the model data signals is used to fill the two orthogonal frequency division multiplex symbols d, s. Ice type is used in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing The device for inputting a multi-output wireless system comprises: a whirling encoder for inputting data and outputting encoded data bits; a parent error device for inputting the encoded data bit and outputting interleaved data bits; '- or more iL Jiaona County counts the intertwined tilting elements to a plurality of Subcarrier; a plurality of inverse fast Fourier transform processors are coupled to generate signals from the subcarrier; a plurality of antennas; and - a cyclic transmission H continues to diversity for information signal transmission. The device, wherein the cyclic transmitter is coupled to the plurality of reverse fast-leaf-return handlers and the plurality of antennas, and the towel-receiving loop transmitter circulates the signal between the antennas for transmission. The device of item 26, wherein the cyclic transmission =, , '&quot; the porter and the plurality of inverse fast Fourier transform processes and wherein the loop transmitter transmits the signal to the reverse before the transmission process Re-discharge the signal before the Shanli Fourier transform processor. ISS-P060039-TW 40