1274683 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種光學膜片，特別是有關於一種可藉 由複數個呈三角柱體之微稜鏡結構來控制光線行進方向， 以增加駕駛者視覺範圍之車用光學膜片。 【先前技術】 一般而言，駕駛者在行駛車輛時，由於視線受到車體 本身的阻檔或是受限於駕駛姿勢而無法任意轉頭等原因， 在視覺範圍上往往會造成許多死角而無法清楚察看，即使 透過後視鏡的輔助，仍然會有許多區域受到遮蔽。如圖一 所示，傳統後視鏡能夠顯示的觀看範圍約為區域A所涵蓋 的部份，至於區域B與位於駕駛座旁邊的區域C，以及位 於車頭正前方的區域D與鄰近車輛侧邊的區域E，駕驶者 在行車時則無法進行察看。 習知技術是在車輛周圍設置多個微型攝影機，將擷取 到的車道影像傳送至駕駛座前方的顯示螢幕上，以便提供 駕駛者更為廣闊的視覺範圍，克服視覺死角的問題。然而 上述的電子配備不僅成本昂貴，在安裝時也較為耗時費 工，通常只有高級汽車才會設置上述的電子配備，故無法 推廣使用於一般的入門車款。 有鑑於此，本發明提出一種車用光學膜片，其係可直 接設置於車輛的擋風玻璃或後視鏡上，透過控制光線入射 至人眼的方向，提供駕駛者較大的視覺範圍。與習知技術 5 1274683 相較’本發料有域本與絲讀的優點 使用於各種車輛。 、”亦谷易推廣 【發明内容】 本U的主要目的是提供—種車用光學㈣， 力用光折射及光反射原理㈣變⑽的行進方向，^系利 駕駛者的視覺範圍，並解決車 糟此增加 問題。 、車輛仃駛日谓存麵視覺死角 本發明的另一目的是提供一種車用光學膜 有低製作成本的優點，在不需要使用、，/、係具 =外，其亦具有安裝便利的優點，故;隨二 ^到上述目的’本發明提出一種車用光學膜片，苴 二：基一微稜鏡陣列’該微稜鏡陣列係形成： 〜板之—側’其巾賴稜鏡陣列包括複數個呈三角 之微稜鏡結構’該魏健稜鏡結構係 =獅物基板之間具有一底角介於別=〇5 較佳地，任兩相鄰之該複數個微稜 接 較佳地，該基板與該微稜鏡陣列係為一體成型者，且 2同之透明材料或高分子材料所構成’其中高分子材料 」為一聚曱基丙烯酸曱1旨（PQlymethylmethacrylate， 1274683 PMMA )、一 聚對苯二曱酸乙二酯（polyethylene terephthalate，PET)、一聚碳酸酯（PolyCarbonate，PC)、 一聚苯乙烯（PolyStyrene，PS)其中之一者。 較佳地，該基板之外表面可塗佈一光硬化樹脂（UV glue )，且該車用光學膜片可與一菲淫耳微透鏡（Fresnel lens)搭配使用以調整光線的行進方向，。 此外，該車用光學膜片係可設置於一透明載體之表 面，例如車輛前方之擋風玻璃、車輛側方之車窗玻璃或是 車輛後視鏡下方額外裝設之透明板上。該車用光學膜片亦 可設置於一具有光反射功能之載體表面，例如車輛後視鏡。 【實施方式】 為能對本發明之特徵、目的及功能有更進一步的認知 與瞭解’兹配合圖式詳細說明如後· 請參考圖二，其係為本發明較佳實施例車用光學膜片 之光學特性示意圖。當入射光20經過基板21進入呈直角 • 三角形之微稜鏡結構22，根據斯奈爾定律（Snell’ s • Law)，入射光20進入微棱鏡結構22後，如果角度叹大於 - 全反射臨界角，則入射光20會在微棱鏡結構22内發生全 反射而產生一全反射光201 (如圖二中虛線箭頭）；反之如 果角度叹小於全反射臨界角，入射光20在離開微棱鏡結構 2 2後，其行進方向會偏離法線（如圖二中虛線）而產生一折 射光202(如圖二中實線箭頭），由於光線是從折射率小的 ' 介質進入折射率大的介質，因此，折射光202與法線之間 的折射角角度Θ,.會大於角度叹。 7 1274683 請參考圖三，其係為傳統後視鏡之光學特性示意圖。 • 當入射光30直接射向後視鏡31後，例如一具有平滑表面 的反射鏡，入射光30的入射角角度θ2會等於出射角角度 Θ、° _ 請參考圖四，其係為本發明較佳實施例車用光學膜片 搭配後視鏡之光學特性示意圖。當入射光40先射向微稜鏡 • 結構41時，由於入射光40是從折射率小的介質進入折射 • 率大的介質，入射光40在微棱鏡結構中41的行進方向會 ® 偏往法線而進入基板42，在基板42與微稜鏡結構41是使 用相同材質的情形下，入射光40不會發生偏折，接著入射 光40透過一具有平滑表面之後視鏡43,再反射回基板42。 同樣地，依照圖二所述之光學特性，入射光40經過微稜鏡 結構41後，會再一次偏離法線方向而離開微稜鏡結構41， 此時入射光40的出射角角度久顯然大於入射角角度θ4 ◦ 請參考圖五A，其係為本發明車用光學膜片之第一較 佳實施例◦光學膜片50包括有基板51以及微稜鏡陣列52, • 其中微稜鏡陣列52形成於基板51之一側，其係由複數個 _ 呈直角三角柱體之微棱鏡結構522所組成，且微稜鏡結構 • 522之斜面係朝同一方向排列，其中微稜鏡結構522之斜 面與基板51之間夾角角度仏並不限定於某一特定範圍，惟 其角度範圍以15度至75度間的表現較佳。當光線射入， 利用光偏折現像，使用者即可看到微稜鏡陣列52右後方的 景物，藉此增加視覺範圍。 ^ 請參考圖五B，其係為本發明車用光學膜片之第二較 佳實施例。光學膜片50包括有基板51以及微稜鏡陣列52, 8 1274683 微棱鏡結構522的斜面亦朝同一方向排列，與第一較佳實 施例不同之處在於微稜鏡結構522彼此之間可具有一間距 d，使得部份光線可直接通過基板51 ’然而各個微稜鏡結 構522之間的間距可選擇為相同，亦可選擇為不相同。 在上述較佳實施例中，微稜鏡結構522係呈直角三角 柱體，但微稜鏡結構522並不限定為直角三角柱體，如圖 五C所示，微稜鏡結構522與基板51之間的底角角度6>7可 介於80度至105度，在底角角度A不為90度的情形下， 出射光離開微稜鏡結構522,雖不會完全朝同一方向射出， 而導致成像效果比底角角度θ7為90度時之表現略差。惟底 角角度θ7介於度至1〇5度之三角柱體微稜鏡結構，均應 視為本發明之另一實施狀況。 在製作光學膜片時，基板與徵稜鏡陣列可為一體成 型，並使用相同之透明材料或高分子材料’其中高分子材 料可為一聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（polymethylmethacrylate， PMMA )、一 聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯（polyethylene terephthalate，PET)、一聚碳酸酯（PolyCarbonate，PC)、 一聚笨乙烯（Polystyrene, PS)其中之一者。此外，光學 膜片之外表面可塗佈一層光硬化樹脂（UV glue )，經壓鑄 後再以硬烤方式成型。 上述的車用光學膜片可依照使用者的需求，設置於透 明載體表面，或是具有光反射功能之載體表面，若以適當 方式設置於車輛前方的擋風玻璃以及側邊的車窗玻璃上， 運用圖—所述之光學特性，駕駛者可察看車輛前方原本看 不見的區域以及車輛側邊原本看不見的區域，例如圖一所 9 1274683 ‘ 示之區域D與區域E。若是在駕駛座旁的後視鏡下方裴設 - 一透明板，並將上述車用光學膜片設置在該透明板上，同 樣地，駕駛者可察看車輛前輪處原本看不見的區域，例如 圖一所示之區域C。此外，當上述的車用光學膜片，以適 - 當方式設置於駕駛座旁的後視鏡上，運用圖四所述之光學 特性，駕駛者可察看車輛後方更為外側的區域，如圖一所 • 示之區域B。 - 請參考圖六，其係為本發明車用光學膜片之第三較佳 ® 實施例◦光學膜片60可與一菲淫耳微透鏡（Fresnel lens ) . 61搭配使用，菲涅耳微透鏡61可設置於光學膜片60之一 侧，藉此調整光線的偏折角度，以得到一較佳的視覺範圍。 實際測試結果如下： 以夾角角度（即圖五A之)為3 〇度之直角微棱鏡結 構進行測試時，一入射方向垂直於光學膜片基板之入射光 經過此直角微稜鏡結構後，其出射光之偏折角度為13.64 度，若與一菲涅耳微透鏡搭配使用後，光線的偏折角度變 • 為32. 91度，足足增加19. 27度的角度範圍，故本發明車 . 用光學膜片搭配菲涅耳微透鏡後，確實可增加駕駛者的視 - 覺範圍。 綜合上述，本發明提出一種車用光學膜片，其係利用 複數個呈三角柱體之微稜鏡結構來控制光線行進方向，以 增加駕駛者的視覺範圍，並解決車輛行駛時所存在的視覺 ' 死角問題。依照駕駛者的需求，可直接將光學膜片貼附在 • 適當位置上，例如擋風玻璃或後視鏡等位置，使得駕駛者 可隨時察看引擎蓋及前輪附近等視覺死角區域，或是察看 1274683 傳統後視鏡中所無法顯示的後方區域。 唯以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例，當不能以 之限制本發明的範圍。即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做 之均等變化及修飾，仍將不失本發明之要義所在，亦不脫 離本發明之精神和範圍，故都應視為本發明的進一步實施 狀況。 _ 【圖式簡單說明】 圖一為駕駛者於行駛車輛時之視覺範圍示意圖。 圖二為本發明較佳實施例車用光學膜片之光學特性示意 圖。 圖三為傳統後視鏡之光學特性示意圖。 圖四為本發明較佳實施例車用光學膜片搭配傳統後視鏡之 光學特性示意圖。 圖五A為本發明車用光學膜片之第一較佳實施例。 籲 圖五B為本發明車用光學膜片之第二較佳實施例。 圖五C係為本發明車用光學膜片之微稜鏡結構之示意圖。 • 圖六為本發明車用光學膜片之第三較佳實施例。 【主要元件符號說明】 20〜入射光 201〜全反射光 202〜折射光 21〜基板 1274683 22〜 微棱鏡結構 30〜 入射光 31〜 後視鏡 40〜 入射光 41〜 微棱鏡結構 4 2〜基板 43〜後視鏡 50〜 光學膜片 51〜 基板 52〜微棱鏡陣列 522, 〜微棱鏡結構 60〜光學膜片 61〜菲涅耳微透鏡 d〜間距 认、Λ、07〜角度 • θ2、θ4〜入射角角度 03、久〜出射角角度 0,.〜折射角角度 121274683 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an optical film, and more particularly to a microscopic structure in which a plurality of triangular cylinders are used to control the direction of light travel to increase the driver's Optical diaphragm for visual range. [Prior Art] In general, when a driver is driving a vehicle, because the line of sight is blocked by the body itself or is restricted by the driving posture, it is impossible to turn the head arbitrarily, and the visual range often causes many dead ends. Clearly, even with the aid of the rearview mirror, there are still many areas that are obscured. As shown in Figure 1, the conventional rearview mirror can display a viewing range that is approximately the area covered by area A, as well as area B and area C located beside the driver's seat, and the area D directly in front of the front of the vehicle and the adjacent vehicle side. In the area E, the driver cannot view it while driving. The conventional technique is to provide a plurality of miniature cameras around the vehicle to transmit the captured lane image to the display screen in front of the driver's seat, so as to provide a wider visual range of the driver and overcome the problem of visual dead angle. However, the above-mentioned electronic equipment is not only expensive, but also time-consuming and labor-intensive in installation. Usually, only the advanced automobile is equipped with the above-mentioned electronic equipment, so it cannot be promoted for general entry models. In view of the above, the present invention provides an optical film for a vehicle that can be directly disposed on a windshield or a rear view mirror of a vehicle to provide a larger visual range of the driver by controlling the direction in which light is incident on the human eye. Compared with the prior art 5 1274683, the present invention has the advantages of domain and silk reading for use in various vehicles. "Yi Gu Yi promotion [invention content] The main purpose of this U is to provide a kind of vehicle optics (4), the use of light refraction and light reflection principle (four) change (10) of the direction of travel, ^ to benefit the driver's visual range, and solve This problem is increased by the problem of the vehicle. The other object of the present invention is to provide an optical film for a vehicle which has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, and does not require use, and/or the fixture = It also has the advantage of convenient installation, so; with the above object, the present invention proposes an optical film for a vehicle, and the second micro-array array is formed: the plate-side of the plate is formed. The towel array includes a plurality of triangular micro-structures. The Wei Jian稜鏡 structure system has a base angle between the lion objects. Preferably, any two adjacent ones are adjacent. Preferably, the substrate and the micro-iridium array are integrally formed, and the same as the transparent material or the polymer material, wherein the polymer material is a polyacrylic acid acrylate (PQlymethylmethacrylate). , 1274683 PMMA ), one Terephthalic acid Yue terephthalate (polyethylene terephthalate, PET), a polycarbonate (PolyCarbonate, PC), a polystyrene (PolyStyrene, PS) in which one person. Preferably, the outer surface of the substrate may be coated with a light curing resin (UV glue), and the automotive optical film may be used in combination with a Fresnel lens to adjust the traveling direction of the light. In addition, the automotive optical film can be disposed on the surface of a transparent carrier, such as a windshield in front of the vehicle, a window glass on the side of the vehicle, or an additional transparent plate mounted under the vehicle rearview mirror. The automotive optical film can also be disposed on a carrier surface having a light reflecting function, such as a vehicle rearview mirror. [Embodiment] To further understand and understand the features, objects and functions of the present invention, the following is a detailed description of the drawings. Please refer to FIG. 2, which is an optical film for a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of optical characteristics. When the incident light 20 passes through the substrate 21 into the micro-稜鏡 structure 22 having a right angle • triangle, according to Snell's Law, the incident light 20 enters the microprism structure 22, if the angle sag is greater than the total reflection threshold An angle, the incident light 20 will be totally reflected in the microprism structure 22 to produce a total reflected light 201 (as indicated by the dashed arrow in Fig. 2); if the angle sigh is less than the total reflection critical angle, the incident light 20 is away from the microprism structure. After 2 2, its traveling direction will deviate from the normal line (as shown by the dotted line in Fig. 2) to produce a refracted light 202 (as shown by the solid arrow in Fig. 2), because the light enters the medium with a large refractive index from the medium with a small refractive index. Therefore, the angle of refraction between the refracted light 202 and the normal is 大于, which is greater than the angular sigh. 7 1274683 Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the optical characteristics of a conventional rearview mirror. • When the incident light 30 is directly directed to the rear view mirror 31, such as a mirror having a smooth surface, the incident angle θ2 of the incident light 30 will be equal to the exit angle angle Θ, ° _ please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a comparison of the present invention. A schematic diagram of the optical characteristics of a preferred embodiment of an automotive optical film with a rear view mirror. When the incident light 40 is first directed toward the micro-structure 41, since the incident light 40 enters a medium having a large refractive index from a medium having a small refractive index, the traveling direction of the incident light 40 in the microprism structure 41 is shifted toward The normal line enters the substrate 42. When the substrate 42 and the micro-structure 41 are made of the same material, the incident light 40 is not deflected, and then the incident light 40 is transmitted through a mirror 43 having a smooth surface, and then reflected back. Substrate 42. Similarly, according to the optical characteristics described in FIG. 2, after the incident light 40 passes through the micro-twist structure 41, it will again deviate from the normal direction and leave the micro-twist structure 41. At this time, the angle of the exit angle of the incident light 40 is obviously greater than Angle of incidence θ4 ◦ Referring to FIG. 5A, which is a first preferred embodiment of the optical film for a vehicle of the present invention, the optical film 50 includes a substrate 51 and a micro-array array 52, wherein the micro-array array 52 is formed on one side of the substrate 51, and is composed of a plurality of microprism structures 522 having a right-angled triangular cylinder, and the slopes of the micro-structures 522 are arranged in the same direction, wherein the slope of the micro-structure 522 is inclined. The angle 仏 between the substrate 51 and the substrate 51 is not limited to a specific range, but the angle range is preferably between 15 degrees and 75 degrees. When the light is incident, the user can see the scene on the right rear side of the micro-array array 52 by using the light deflection image, thereby increasing the visual range. ^ Please refer to Figure 5B, which is a second preferred embodiment of the optical film for a vehicle of the present invention. The optical film 50 includes a substrate 51 and a micro-array array 52. The slopes of the 8 1274683 microprism structure 522 are also arranged in the same direction, which is different from the first preferred embodiment in that the micro-turn structures 522 can have a mutual A spacing d allows a portion of the light to pass directly through the substrate 51'. However, the spacing between the individual micro-structures 522 can be selected to be the same or alternatively different. In the above preferred embodiment, the micro-turn structure 522 is a right-angled triangular cylinder, but the micro-turn structure 522 is not limited to a right-angled triangular cylinder, as shown in FIG. 5C, between the micro-turn structure 522 and the substrate 51. The bottom angle angle 6 > 7 may be between 80 degrees and 105 degrees, and in the case where the bottom angle angle A is not 90 degrees, the exiting light leaves the micro-twist structure 522, although not completely emitted in the same direction, resulting in imaging The effect is slightly worse than when the base angle θ7 is 90 degrees. A triangular cylinder micro-turn structure having a bottom angle θ7 of between 1 and 5 degrees should be considered as another embodiment of the present invention. In the production of the optical film, the substrate and the ruthenium array may be integrally formed, and the same transparent material or polymer material may be used. The polymer material may be a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or a polymer. One of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), one polycarbonate (PolyCarbonate, PC), and one polystyrene (PS). In addition, the outer surface of the optical film may be coated with a layer of photo-curable resin (UV glue), which is die-cast and then hard-baked. The above-mentioned automotive optical film can be disposed on the surface of the transparent carrier or the surface of the carrier having the light reflection function according to the needs of the user, and is disposed on the windshield in front of the vehicle and the side window glass in an appropriate manner. Using the optical characteristics described, the driver can view the area that is not visible in front of the vehicle and the area that is not visible on the side of the vehicle, such as area D and area E shown in Figure 1 1274683. If a transparent plate is placed under the rear view mirror next to the driver's seat and the above-mentioned optical film for the vehicle is placed on the transparent plate, the driver can view the area that is not visible at the front wheel of the vehicle, for example, A region C as shown. In addition, when the above-mentioned automotive optical film is disposed on the rear view mirror beside the driver's seat in an appropriate manner, using the optical characteristics described in FIG. 4, the driver can view the outer side of the rear side of the vehicle, as shown in the figure. One • Show area B. - Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a third preferred embodiment of the optical film for a vehicle of the present invention. The optical film 60 can be used with a Fresnel lens. 61, Fresnel micro The lens 61 can be disposed on one side of the optical film 60, thereby adjusting the deflection angle of the light to obtain a better visual range. The actual test results are as follows: When the angle of the angle is (ie, FIG. 5A) is measured as a right angle microprism structure, an incident direction perpendicular to the optical film substrate passes through the right angle micro-twist structure, The deflection angle of the emitted light is 13.64 degrees. If used with a Fresnel microlens, the deflection angle of the light becomes 32.91 degrees, and the angle range of 19.27 degrees is increased. Using an optical diaphragm with a Fresnel microlens does increase the driver's visual range. In summary, the present invention provides an optical film for a vehicle that uses a plurality of triangular structures in a triangular cylinder to control the direction of light travel to increase the driver's visual range and to solve the visual presence of the vehicle while traveling. Dead end problem. According to the driver's needs, the optical film can be directly attached to the appropriate position, such as the windshield or the rear view mirror, so that the driver can view the visual dead zone such as the hood and the front wheel at any time, or view it. 1274683 Rear area not visible in traditional rearview mirrors. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. It is to be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the spirit and scope of the present invention, and should be considered as a further implementation of the present invention. _ [Simple description of the diagram] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the visual range of the driver when driving the vehicle. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the optical characteristics of an optical film for a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical characteristics of a conventional rearview mirror. Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the optical characteristics of a vehicle optical film in combination with a conventional rear view mirror according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5A is a first preferred embodiment of the optical film for a vehicle of the present invention. Figure 5B is a second preferred embodiment of the optical film for a vehicle of the present invention. Figure 5C is a schematic view showing the micro-twist structure of the optical film for a vehicle of the present invention. • Fig. 6 is a third preferred embodiment of the optical film for a vehicle of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] 20 to incident light 201 to total reflected light 202 to refracted light 21 to substrate 1274683 22 to microprism structure 30 to incident light 31 to rear view mirror 40 to incident light 41 to microprism structure 4 2 to substrate 43 to rear view mirror 50 to optical film 51 to substrate 52 to microprism array 522, to microprism structure 60 to optical film 61 to Fresnel microlens d to pitch, Λ, 07 to angle, θ2, θ4 ~ incident angle angle 03, long ~ exit angle angle 0, . ~ refraction angle angle 12