TWI236634B - Method for biometric-based authentication in wireless communication for access control - Google Patents
Method for biometric-based authentication in wireless communication for access control Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI236634B TWI236634B TW090124994A TW90124994A TWI236634B TW I236634 B TWI236634 B TW I236634B TW 090124994 A TW090124994 A TW 090124994A TW 90124994 A TW90124994 A TW 90124994A TW I236634 B TWI236634 B TW I236634B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- biometric
- authentication
- electronic device
- portable electronic
- communication
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/0853—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using an additional device, e.g. smartcard, SIM or a different communication terminal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
- G06F21/31—User authentication
- G06F21/32—User authentication using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voiceprints
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
- G06F21/31—User authentication
- G06F21/34—User authentication involving the use of external additional devices, e.g. dongles or smart cards
- G06F21/35—User authentication involving the use of external additional devices, e.g. dongles or smart cards communicating wirelessly
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
- G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
- G06Q20/341—Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
- G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
- G06Q20/401—Transaction verification
- G06Q20/4014—Identity check for transactions
- G06Q20/40145—Biometric identity checks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
- G07C9/25—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
- G07C9/257—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition electronically
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
- G07C9/25—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
- G07C9/26—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition using a biometric sensor integrated in the pass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
- G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
- G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
- G07F7/1008—Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/0861—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using biometrical features, e.g. fingerprint, retina-scan
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/06—Authentication
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/24—Pc safety
- G05B2219/24162—Biometric sensor, fingerprint as user access password
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Collating Specific Patterns (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Description
1236634
發明背景 發明範嘻 本發明大致上係關於以生物測定為基礎之認證的範疇。 尤其本發明有關於無線通訊中用於存取控制的以生物測定 為基礎之認證。 先前技藝討論 在電子父易盛行的時代裡,安全防護資料已經成為一重 要課題,因此興起無數安全系統。普遍使用的兩種安全系 統為密碼及個人識別(PIN)系統。密碼系統要求使用者提供 4證糸統使用者名稱和密碼(兩者均為使用者唯一)。另一方 面,PIN系統通常要求使用者提供一代碼,通常指piN碼, 作為認證用途。事實證明當發生忘記密碼或piN碼的情事 時,密碼和PIN兩種系統反而令使用者感到累贅。再者,如 果使用者A'恰巧握有使用者B的密碼或piN碼(可能自願提供 或者透過其他方法剽竊),則使用者A可輕易喬扮另一使用 者B。一種用以避免這類安全破壞之方式為實行以使用者為 基礎的一生理或行為特徵,作為認證的方法。此為生物 定背後的大致想法。 生物測定為可測量之生物特徵的研究。於電腦安全上, 生物測定指仰賴能夠自動檢查的可測量生理或行為特徵的 認證技術。 . 於以上說明中,通常藉由一_測定裝置完成認證。以 下為一生物f則定裝置其功能的大致說明。首先,生物測定 裝置捕捉該特徵的-輪廓,其次,將取得的輪廓與一倚存
1236634 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 的輪廓或模板相比較。最後,當捕捉的輪廓和儲存的輪廓 匹配成功時,使用者將與要求認證的應用系統介接。 如以上及圖1中所說明,生物測定卞決於個人的生理104 或行為106特徵。生理特徵1〇4係與個人相關的一穩定的物 理特徵。換g之,其為在任何重要方面不會隨時間改變的 一組(個人)物理特徵。一些穩定而且可作為認證用途的生理 特徵104之例子包括但不限於:指紋型樣1〇8,視網膜型樣 1 1 0,虹膜型樣1 1 2,臉部型樣1 1 4,手部剪影型樣1丨6, 或者眼睛後面的血管型樣。 另一方面’行為特徵1 0 6包含個人的生理構造結合如性別 和大小等各種其他的一般的物理特徵。可予以監視的行為 特徵1 06之例子包括但不限於··簽章型樣丨丨8,語音型樣 120,或者打字型樣或敲鍵力道122。以下概略說明一些生 理和行為特徵。 以指紋為基礎之認證為··最普遍的生物測定技術之一, 其中使用者掃描輸入一指紋副本,並且以認證裝置執行比 較,看看輸入的指紋是否與對、應於相同個人之儲存的指紋 相匹配。某些指紋認證裝置進一步檢查脈搏,以便對付不 實指紋所困擾的認證問題。 以手部幾何形狀為基礎之認證:一認證查詢系統透過一 掃描器捕捉使用者的手部和指頭的物理特徵,並且將其與 相同使用者的一儲存之模板相匹配。當認證成功時,該查 詢系統執行一動作(類似開啟一保全門)。 以視網膜掃描為基礎之認證:一掃描器使用一低強度光
1236634 A7 B7 五、發明説明(3 ) 線於近距離掃描一使用者的視網膜(即形成眼球黑色部分之 最内層的影像)。建立一眼部簽章,將其與一儲存的視網膜 模板相匹配,並且於認證成功時,執行一特定動作。然 而,應注意,如果使用者未能正確對準焦距將會導致錯誤 的結果。 以虹膜掃描為基礎之認證:虹膜掃描器掃描虹膜的唯一 隨機型樣(眼部的有色部分),並且藉由比較取得的型樣與儲 存的型樣其一致性而認證使用者。不同於視網膜掃描,其 不要求近距離的互動。 以臉部辨識認證為基礎之認證:一臉部辨識系統掃描(使 用者的臉部特性)及捕捉使用者的臉部影像,並且將其與相 同使用者的一儲存之靜態臉部影像相比較。當認證成功 時,該臉部辨識系統執行一特定動作。 以簽章驗證為基礎之認證··此種認證技術利用一壓力感 測筆和一輸入板記錄一使用者的簽章。然後,該系統將其 對照對應於相同使用者之儲存的簽章樣本相比較,並且於 認證時,執行一特定動作。 , 以語音辨識為基礎之認證··此種技術的認證係藉由辨識 與使用者相關的語音和說話特徵,由於無法察覺,因而無 法模擬。語音辨識系統通常要求使用較多記憶體儲存使用 者的語音模板。 - 因此,生物測定開始在認證及安全上扮演挑剔的角色。 生物測定並非根據(密碼,P IN等)使用者所記得的而是使用 使用者其特徵(抑或使用者為何人)執行認證而認證該使用 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1236634 A7 B7 五、發明説明(4 ) 者。 圖2舉例說明先前技藝的生物測定認證系統2 0 0。此例子 中舉例說明兩種認證情節組合。第一情節中,使用者2 〇丨使 γ— _ 用智慧卡2 0 2一,而第二情節中,則執行2 〇 8使用者2 0 1的一 生物測定屬性掃描,以便進一步認證。於第一情節中,使 用者20 1將智慧卡202插入智慧卡讀卡機系統2〇4。然後, 智慧卡讀卡機系統2 0 4擷取(智慧卡2 〇 2中所儲存而且為)使 用者201唯一的生物測定輪廓2〇6。其次,將擷取的輪廊 206與資料庫2 12中儲存的轉凝土目輕,以決定是否匹配。 再者,於第二情節中,執行使用者2〇1屬性2〇8的掃描(例如 視網膜掃描),而且該系統建立所測量屬性的數位輪廓 2 10。其次,將測量的數位輪廓與資料庫212中儲存的數位 輪廓相比較,以決定是否匹配,而且當匹配成功時,執行 一動作(像是開啟一保全門)。 上述先前技藝情節暴露有關此等認證系統的某些陷阱。 如以上例子中所說明,與一使用者相關的一盖物測定模板 或輪廓儲存於智慧卡(第一情節)2〇2或伺服器(第二情 節)2 1 2气,前者必須插入等卡機或伊描器2〇4。有關第一情 即的一普遍問題為:認證系統中的智慧卡讀卡機2 〇 4以一非 常緩慢而且浪費時間的方式處理資訊。每次將一卡片從使 >用者處取出並且放置於一讀卡機中時,都將增加卡片遺留 /在讀:t機中或遺失的機會。智慧卡與讀卡機的暴露式接觸 使其易於沾染灰塵,污垢及其他污染物,而降低可靠度。 尤其例如在暴露於天氣和破壞下的自動櫃員機上進行戶外 家標準(CNS) A—4規格 1236634 A7 -----------B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 驗證時,更是一大課題。 有關第二情節的普遍考量為··將生物測定輪廓儲存於資 料庫212中而且於一網路上加以存取並非完全安全,換古 之可於網路上存取之資料庫中儲存的生物測定資料容 遭受入侵者攻擊。 因此,上述先前技藝系統無法提供快速而安全的方式存 取生物測定輪廓,再者,以上线均無法提供能夠以一無 線方式認證使用者的系統及方法。無論以上引用的參考其 確切價值,特性和優點為何,均未能達成實現本發明的目 的。本發明提供一種使用取得的生物測定(例如指紋)和一區 域儲存的生物測定模板無線認證使用者的系統和方法。此 等以及其他目的係藉由以下詳述予以達成。 發明概要 本發明提供一種使用生物測定(例如指紋)與一區域儲存之 生物測定模板的組合無線認證一使用者的方法及系統。藉 由將生物測定模板作區域儲存,本系統可降低入侵者存取 生物測定資料的機會。 知:供一種可攜式裝置,可區域儲存一生物測定模板,作 為認證用途。當該可攜式裝置出現挑戰時,可將手物測定 模板無線傳輸至出現挑戰的系統,抑或者選擇上可以測量 生物測定,而且將測量的生物測定與儲存的生物測定模板 相匹配,接著再響應查詢的系統。例如,該可攜式裝置可 將與使用者相關的一指紋模板傳輸至查詢的系統,抑或者 選擇上可攜式裝置可測量使用者的指紋型樣,並且將其與 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 1236634 A7 _____ B7 五、發明説明) --- 區域儲存的指紋模板相匹配。於匹配成功時,該可蹲式系 統將一認證訊息傳送至查詢的系統。 於-具體實施例中’ 一旦使用者藉由—可攜式裝置可靠 地認證後,認證狀態將根據使用各種準則或門限而得的翻 新之認證狀態暫時加以維護,以便執行各種特權活動。一 一偵測付與使用者相關但不熟悉的一型樣時,則要求f實 的生物測定認證。 圖式簡單說明 圖1舉例說明各種生物測定。 , 圖2舉例說明以先前技藝之生物測定為基礎的認證系統。 圖3舉例說明可應用本發明的各種可攜式裝置。 圖4舉例說明代表本發明之較佳具體實施例的一系統,其 中使用倶備一無線單工連接的一可攜式裝置進行生物測定 認證。 圖5舉例說明圖4所說明系統的方法。 圖ό舉例說明代表本發明之第二具體實施例的一系統。 圖7舉例說明圖6所說明系統的方法。 圖8舉你|說明代表本發明之第三具體實施例的一系統。 圖9舉例說明用以維護符記認證的各種門限和準則。 圖10舉例說明圖8所說明系統的應用。 圖1 1舉例說明根據本發明的細胞式電話其以語音為基礎 之認證。 較佳具體實施例說明 本發明係以一較佳具體實施例舉例及說明,但本發明亦 -9 · 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210X297公釐) 1236634 A7 B7 五、發明説明(7 ) 可以許多不同組態,形式和材料產生。圖式中將加以描 繪,而且此處將詳細說明本發明的一較佳具體實施例,作 應了解:本揭露僅視為本發明其原理及結構之相關功能規 格的一例子,而不希望將本發明限制於0舉例的具體實施― 例。熟習此項技藝者可以想像本發明之範圍内的許多其他 可能變化。 本發明提供一種供使用可攜式裝置進行無線式而且以生 物測定為基礎之認證用的方法及系統。本發明之可攜式裝 置内儲存與一使用者相關的一生物測定模板副本(該使用者 即該可攜式裝置的所有人)。本發明包含各種可攜式裝置。 圖3舉例說明可應用本發明之各種可攜式裝置3〇〇的例子。 可攜式裝置300包括;(固人數位助理或pDA3〇2,識別證 304,電子錢包306,和細胞式電話3〇8。然而,可攜式裝 置的解釋不限於上述裝置。熟習此項技藝者可輕易辨識歸 為ί種類別的其他裝置,因此不應以此限制本發明的範 圍。 圖4舉例說明代表本發明之較佳具體實施例的系統,其中 使用倶備_一無線單工連接(單向)的一可攜式裝置進行生物測 定認證。於上下文中的單工連接指僅以一方向傳輸(單工通 Λ的一例子為簡單型收音機,您可以從發射台接收資料, 但無法傳輸資料)。回頭參考圖!,使用者4〇2的可攜式裝置 綱由一查詢系統400加以查詢,而一生物測定模:4〇6從 可攜式裝置4G4無線傳輸至查詢系統彻中的生物測定讀取 機4〇8。無線傳輸可藉由可攜式裝置404中的一計時器,使 *·" - 10 · 本紙張尺度適財8 S Α雜(21GX297公釐) 1236634 A7 B7 五、發明説明(8 用者402於可攜式裝置404所按之按鈕振動偵測器,光線偵 測’位於或接近可搞式裝置4 0 4的超音波偵測器或其他感 測态’用以接收來丨自查詢系統4 0 0之查詢的可攜式裝置4 〇4 上一無線接收器,或者用以渾測内部、或外部刺激的其他方 法定期啟動。於一進一步冬具體實施例中,傳輸的訊息已 予以加在、。其次,生物測定測量器4 1 〇測量與使用者4 〇 2相 關的對應之生物測定(其對應於該可攜式裝置所傳輸的生物 測疋)。然後’查询糸統執行檢查4 1 2,看看透過生物測定 測量為4 1 0所取得的生物測定是否與傳輸的模板4 〇 6相匹 配,而且於匹配成功4 13時,產生認證確認訊息414。 一旦執行檢查4 1 2後,將抹除生物測定讀取機4 〇 8中暫時 儲存的生物測定模板4 0 6,而銷去查詢系統4 〇 〇中之使用者 402生物測定記錄的任何永久記錄。銷去查詢系統4〇〇中之 使用者402生物測定模板406的一永久記錄可保護使用者 402的隱私,而且增加使用本發明該系統的安全性,因為可 用以假設使用者402本身的生物測定模板4〇6記錄將不可 用。唯一存在使用者402生物測定模板406兑處為可攜式裝 置4 0 4,^為使用者4 〇 2所有。由於在生物測定驗證期間, 可攜式裝置4 0 4並未如智慧卡從使用者4 〇 2處移開,所以卡 片遺失造成不便的機會較小。 替代上,如果不匹配4 1 1,則產生4 1 6認證失敗通知。再 者,本發明係一限時單向(單工)系統,該系統僅保留模板一 段有限時間,然後將予以刪除。因此,使用者必須於該時 間則提供生物測定測量器4 1 〇 一生物測定,以便獲得存取。 • 11 -
1236634 A7 _________________ Β7 五、發明説明(9 ) 例如,备使用者4 Ο 2處出現查詢系統4 〇 〇時,使用者4 〇 2 才文下可攜式裝置404上的一按鈕,引發可攜式裝置4〇4將生 物測定模板406無線傳輸至查詢系統4〇〇。然後,使用者 4 =將其手指放置於生物測定測量器41〇上。假設其為可攜 式裝置404的適當使用者(亦即其指紋模板儲存於可攜式裝 置404中),則查詢系統4〇〇將產生一確認訊息4 I#,並且將 /、傳送至像是一電腦的一應用,並提供使用者4〇2存取該電 腦。於傳送生物測定模板4〇6後,可攜式裝置4〇4可定期(例 如每分鐘)將”我在這裡,’的訊息傳輸至查詢系統400,進而 將该訊息傳至該電腦。如果該電腦無法接收,,我在這裡,,的 訊息持續三分鐘,則該電腦假設使用者4〇2已經離開查詢系 統400附近,並且喚起該電腦的使用許可,直到成功完成= 的生物測定驗證為止。於另一具體實施例中,每次使用者 4〇2試圖存取高敏感的資訊時,可能會要求重新驗證。再 者即使使用者4 〇 2並未離開查詢系統4 〇 〇附近,仍可能每 3〇分鐘要求重新驗證。有許多狀況可能會衡量使用者的方 便而要求部分根據一實體所希望維護的安全位準重新驗 證。 於圖4所示系統的-較佳具體實施例中,可搞式裝置4〇4 包括一電池電力的射頻傳輸器,其允許超過丨米範圍的無線 通訊。一替代之具體實施例於可攜式裝置内使用一射頻識 別(RFID)晶片,其以來自查詢系統4Q。的—電子或磁性訊 問攔位導出電力,並且藉由載人該訊問欄位而傳送生物測 定模板406。該訊問欄位提供刺激,以便要求一生物測定模 • 12 -
1236634 A7 B7 五、發明説明( 板 圖5舉例說明有關圖4所說明系統的方法。方法5〇〇從一查 詢系統透過一可攜式裝置接收一無線傳輸的生物測定模板 5〇2開始。其次,該查詢系統5〇4測量對應於接收之生物測 定的一生物測定輪廓。然後,查詢系統檢查506取得的生物 測定與該可攜式裝置傳輸的生物測定是否相叹配。最後, 根據匹配步驟506的結果,輸出5〇8 一認證成功或失敗的訊 息。 圖6舉例說明與本發明之第二具體實施例相關的系統 600 其中可攜式裝置㈣進一步包括可搞式裝置傳輸器/ 接收器616 ’儲存的生物測定模板618,内建生物測定讀取 機620生物測疋比較器6〇9。本發明之具體實施例中所說 明的可攜式裝置形成—雙工連接的一部分。雙工或全雙工 通訊指同時間於兩方向傳輸資料(例如電話為一全雄2裝 置’因為雙方可立即談話)。首先’查詢系統614對可攜式 裝置6〇4表達挑戰606。然後’為了響應挑戰606,(位於可 攜式裝置604内的)生物測定讀取機62〇測量與使用者6〇2相 關的生物測定⑽。其次,生物敎比較請9將取得的生 物測定608與儲存之生物測定模板618的生物測定相比較 61〇,看看是否匹配。於認證成功時,則將回答612傳送至 表達挑戰6 1 2的查詢系統6丨4。 圖7舉例說明相對於圖6所說明系統的方法。方法7〇〇從以 -挑戰查詢702 一可攜式裝置開始。其次,藉由設置於可押 式裝置内的-生物測定讀取機測量川該使用者的—生物; -13 - 本纸張尺度通用中關家標準(⑽)Μ規格(2igx297公爱)_ 五、發明説明(21 ) 果乂驟706中匹配成立,則將一回答輸出至表達 後 =輪廓下一步驟則進行比較706,以決定取得的生物測定 疋否與可攜式裝置中區域儲存的生物測定模板相匹配。最 挑戰的查詢系統 圖8舉例δ兄明代表本發明之另一具體實施例的系統$⑽, 其中可攜式裝置俱備持續根據一門限或準則測試的認證裝 置。可攜式裝置804進一步包括可攜式裝置傳輸器,接收器 8 〇8,儲存的生物測定模板8 1〇 ,内建生物測定讀取機 8 12,生物測定比較器813。本發明之具體實施例中所說明 的可攜式裝置形成一雙工連接的一部分。首先,查詢系統 806向可攜式裝置8〇4表達挑戰8 16。然後為了響應挑戰 8/6,(設置於可攜式裝置8〇4内的)生物測定讀取機8 η測 量與使用者802相關的生物測定818。其次,生物測定比較 器8 13將取得的生物測定818與儲存之生物測定模板的 生物測定814相匹配,看看是否匹配。當其為匹配事件時, 則將回答820傳送至查詢系統,此外,一旦一使用者使用生 物測定(例如指紋)可靠地認證後,一符記認證器暫時向使用 者的可攜式裝置804發佈一認證符記811 •,使用者的可攜式 裝置將維護使用者802的認證狀態一段短暫時間,期間,使 用各種準則或門限822授權使用者執行某一範圍的特權活動 以及/或者翻新認證狀態。例如,於一使用者(透過可攜式 裝置)連接至一銀行後,本系統執行一認證生物測定的認 證,以確保正確的個人使用該可攜式裝置。其次,於一段 時間内,根據不同門限(例如根據使用者的敲鍵型樣),允許 -14 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210><297公釐) 1236634 A7 B7 五、發明説明(12 使用者執行各種特權活動(例如檢查帳戶餘額或者進行電子 基金轉帳)。此外,低特權活動要求以低門限或準則翻新認 證狀態。反之,高特權活動於翻新認證狀態前要求符合高 門限或準則。另一方面,當可攜式裝置8 0 4偵測得一不尋常 型樣(例如與可攜式裝置中儲存的使用者輪廓不匹配的一敲 鍵型樣)時,則強迫認證符記8 1 1過期。 圖9舉例說明可結合本發明使用的某些門限或者準則 9 0 〇。有關符記之翻新或認證的某些門限或準則包括但不限 於·語音型樣902 ,敲鍵型樣904,滑I點選型樣9〇6,或 者早先說明的任何其他生物測定906。因此,如果任何上述 型樣與可攜式裝置中(同一使用者)其儲存的型樣相匹配,則 執行符記認證。然而,有關門限或準則的解釋不應限制於 以上說明的型樣。熟習此項技藝者可輕易辨識歸於此種類 別的其他型樣。因此,不應以此限制本發明的範圍。 圖10舉例說明與圖8所說明系統相關的方法丨〇〇〇。首 先,使用設置於可攜式裝置内的生物測定讀取機測量一使 用者的生物測定1 002。其次,將取得的生物測定與可攜式 裝置中區,儲存的生物測定相比較丨〇〇4。於匹配成功時, 可攜式裝置輸出1 006 —暫時的認證符記。其次,藉由通過 一門限或準則測試而維護及更新1008認證符記的狀態。^ 後,如果可攜式裝置偵測得任何不尋常型樣,或者於門限 測試1 0 1 0失敗,則終止暫時認證。 於-進-步之具體實施例中,使用符記持續監視使用者 活動,以便提高或降低安全位準。例如,可持續監視具有 -15 -
五、發明説明(13 續似以上說明之可攜式裝置的使用者,看看其是否已經離 開一安全區域°當其為使用者於-安全區域内的事件時, 則翻新認證的符記將定為高門限。反之,如果一使用者已 L離開t全區域’則認證翻新的門限係根據—較不嚴格 準則。 於-具體實施例中,如圖i i所說明,可攜式裝置為包含 、區域#音印刷模板的_細胞式電話。當使用者對著細胞 式電話說話時,將進行語音測量n⑽,並且與區域模板相 ,較1102。其次,執行一檢查11〇4,看看測量的說話型樣 疋否與-區域儲存的語音模板相匹配。如果決定其為匹 配,則細胞式電話將一 ”認證驗證”訊息丨1〇6傳送至該系 充允亦進行動作(例如:進行通話,以便存取銀行資訊 或完成股票交易)。 、 因此,藉由本發明的方法及系統使用生物測定(例如指紋) 與一區域儲存之生物測定模板的組合無線認證一使用者可 以強化現存的認證方案。藉由區域儲存生物測定模板,可 大幅減少入侵者存取生物測定資料的機會。類似具有單工 連接(單向)之識別證的可攜式裝置比將一智慧卡插入一讀卡 機更快。另一方面,類似具有讀卡機和雙工連接(雙向)的一 識別證之可攜式裝置較為安全,因為減模板不f傳輸。 以上糸統及說明的功能元件可於各種無線環境中實行。 例如,本發明可實行於一傳統可攜式電話,識別證,電子 錢包,無線智慧卡,個人數位助理或者其等價產品。本發 明的規劃可由對於以生物測定為基礎之認證的熟習此項技 1236634 A7 B7 五、發明説明(Μ ) 藝者實行之。 結論 以上具體實施例中之系統及方法展示一種於無線通訊中 有效率實行用於存取控制的以生物測定為基礎之認證的系 統及方法。雖然已經顯示及說明各種較佳具體實施例,但 將可以了解:並不希望以此一揭露限制本發明,而希望其 函蓋附加之申請專利範圍所定義的本發明其精神及範圍内 的所有修正和替代建構。例如,本發明一應受限於軟體/ 程式,計算環境,或者特定的計算硬體。此外,特定的生 物測定和門限(或準則)僅代表較佳具體實施例,而不應以此 限制本發明的範圍。 -17 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210X 297公釐)
Claims (1)
1236634 第090124994號專利申請案 合 中文申請專利範圍替換本(92年12月& A 8 B8
六、申請專利範圍 1· 一種供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安全認證器之通訊的 生物測定認證方法,該可攜式電子裝置包含一或多種單 工’雙工’或符記化模式的通訊,該方法包含·· 在一單工模式·· 自該可攜式電子裝置要求一生物測定模板; 自該可攜式裝置無線接收所要求的生物測定模板; 透過一設置於該安全認證器内的生物測定測量器測量 一使用者的生物測定輪廓; 比較無線接收的生物測定模板與測量的生物測定輪 根據比較的生物測定產生一認證輸出;以及 在一雙工/符記化模式: 提出一質疑至該可攜式電子裝置,其中該可攜式電子 裝置於收到該質疑之後識別一生物測定模板,經由一設 置於該可攜式電子裝置中的生物測定測量器以測量一使 用者的生物測定輪廓,及經由比較該識別的生物測定模 板與該測量的生物測定輪廓以識別一認證輸出;及 接收該認證輸出。 2·如申請專利範圍第丨項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安全 認證裔間之通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中該無線接 收一生物測定模板之步驟用以響應一刺激,該刺激包含 下列任項·一計時器,一按紐,一動作们則器,或者 一外部查詢。 3·如申請專利範圍第}項供根據一可擴式電子農置與一安全 1236634 ABC D 申請專利範圍 認#器間之通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中所產生的 認證輸出如下: 如果比較的生物測定一樣,而且生物測定認證係根據 雙工連接,該5忍證付係儲存在該可携式電子裝置,則 為一認證符記及一認證成功訊息,否則 如果比較的生物測定一樣,而且該生物測定認證係根 據單工連接’則為一認證成功訊息,否則 如果比較的生物測定不匹配,則為一認證失敗訊息。 4.如申請專利範圍第3項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安全 認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中產生一镇 證之步驟進一步包含: 根據一門限或準則測試,維護該認證符記的有效性一 段預定時間,以及 於門限或準則測試失敗時,終止認證符記。 5·如申請專利範圍第1項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安全 認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中所接收的 生物測定模板已予以加密。 6.如申請專利範圍第5項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安全 認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中接收已加 密的生物測定模板之步驟進一步包含將該/已加密的生^ 測定模板解密的額外步驟。 7·如申請專利範圍第1項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安全 認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中該可攜二 電子裝置包含下列之一··個人數位助理(pDA),識^ 本紙張尺度制t ® S家料(CNS) A4規格SlOx 297^y ABC D 1236634 过,電子錢包,無線智慧卡,或者可攜式電話。 8.如申請專利關第1項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安全 認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中該使用者 的生物測定輪廓係一生理輪廓。 9·如申請專利範圍第8項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安全 認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中該測量的 生理生物測定包含下列任一項:指紋型樣,視網膜型 樣,虹膜型樣,臉部型樣,或者手部型樣。 10·如申請專利範圍第1項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安全 認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中該使用者 的生物測定輪廓係一行為輪專。 11·如申請專利範圍第1 〇項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安 全5忍證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中該測量 的行為生物測定包含下列之一 ··簽章型樣,語音型樣, 或者敲鍵型樣。 12· —種供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安全認證器間之通訊 的生物測定認證之系統,該可攜式電子裝置包含一或更 多種單工,雙工,或符記化模式的通訊,該系統包含·· 一刺激,其要求來自該可攜式裝置的一生物測定模 板; 一生物測定讀取器,用以無線接收所要求來自該可攜 式裝置的生物測定模板; 一生物測定測量器,其透過一生物測定讀取器測量一 使用者的生物測定輪廓,其中 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格^210X297公釐y
1236634
—如果該生物測定認證係根據單工連接,則該生物測 定讀取器設置於該安全認證器内,否則 如果該生物測定認證係根據雙工或符記化連接,則 該生物測定讀取器設置於該可攜式裝置内; 一生物測定比較器,用以比較無線接收的生物測定模 板與測量的生物測定輪廓,以及 一輸出產生器,其根據比較的生物測定產生一輸出, 其中該輸出如下 如果比較的生物測定一樣,而且生物測定認證係根 據雙工連接,則為一認證符記,否則 如果比較的生物測定一樣,而且該生物測定認證係 根據單工連接,則為一認證成功訊息,否則 如果比較的生物測定不匹配,則為一認證失敗訊 息。 13·如申明專利範圍第1 2項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安 全認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之系統,其中該刺激 係由該生物測定讀取器提供。 14·如申請專利範圍第1 2項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安 全認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之系統,其中該系統 進一步包含: 一驗證器,其根據一門限或準則測試維護該認證符記 的有效性一段預定時間,及 於定限或準則測試失敗時終止該認證符記。 …15.如申請專利範圍第1 2項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 六、申請專利範圍 全認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之系 的生物測定模板已予以加密。 该接收 K如申凊專利範圍第12項供根據_可攜式電子裝置盘 全認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之系統,其中該生物 測疋項取II進-步包含—解”,用以將接收的已加密 生物測定模板解密 17·如申請專利範圍第12項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安 全認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之系統,其中节可攜 式裝置包含下列之一 ··個人數位助理(pDA),識別證, 電子錢包,無線智慧卡,或者可攜式電話。 18·如申凊專利範圍第12項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安 全認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之系統,其中該生物 測定測量器測量一使用者的生理生物測定輪廓。 9.如申咕專利範圍第1 §項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安 全認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之系統,其中該測量 的使用者生理生物測定輪廓包含下列任一項··指紋型 樣,視網膜型樣,虹膜型樣,臉部型樣,或者手部型 樣0 20·如申請專利範圍第丨2項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安 全認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之系統,其中該生物 測定測量器測量一使用者的行為生物測定輪廓。 21.如申請專利範圍第2 〇項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一安 全認證器間之通訊的生物測定認證之系統,其中該測量 的使用者行為生物測定包含下列之一:指紋型樣,語音 8 8 8 8 A B c D 1236634 申請專利範圍 型樣,或者敲鍵型樣。 22· —種供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一系統間之 叉丄通訊的 生物測定認證之方法,該實做於該可攜式電子事 方法包含: 、置中之 接收一來自該系統之質疑; 擷取來自該可攜式裝置的一生物測定模板; 透過一設置於該可攜式裝置内的生物測定測量器測量 一使用者的生物測定輪廓; 比較擷取的生物測定模板與測量的生物測定輪廓,以 及 1 根據該比較的生物測定產生一輸出,其中兮幹出如 下·· Λ别 如果比較的生物測定一樣,則為一認證符記及一認 近成功訊息,該認證成功訊息遞送至該發出質疑之系統 及該符記在地儲存在該可攜式電子裝置中,否則 、 如果比較的生物測定不匹配,則為一認證失敗訊 息。 23.如申請專利範圍第22項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一系 統間之雙工通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中產生一認 證符記的步驟進一步包含: 根據一門限或準則測試維護該認證符記的有效性一段 預定時間,以及 於門限或準則測試失敗時終止該認證符記。 24·如申μ專利範圍第2 2項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一系
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 297公釐) A B c D 1236634 ---—-- 六、申請專利範圍 、先間之雙I通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中該可攜式 2子裝置包含下列之-:個人數位助理(PDA),識別 €,電子錢包,無線智慧卡,或者可攜式電話。 25.如申4專利範圍第22項供根據一可攜《電子裝置與一系 統間之雙工通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中該使用者 的生物測定輪廓係一生理輪廓。 此如申請專利範圍第25項係根據一可攜式電子裝置與一系 統間之雙工通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中該測量生 生物測疋包含下列任一項:指紋型樣,視網膜型樣, 虹膜型樣,臉部型樣,或者手部型樣。 如申吻專利範圍第2 2項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一系 統間之雙工通訊的生物測定認證之方法,使者 的生物測定輪廓係一行為輪廊。 如申明專利範圍第2 7項供根據一可攜式電子裝置與一系 統間之雙工通訊的生物測定認證之方法,其中該測量的 行為生物㈣包含下列之—:簽章型樣’語音型樣 者敲鍵型樣。 / 29·—種根據與一系統進行雙工通訊以執行生物測定認證之 可攜式電子裝置,該可攜式電子裝置包含: 一生物測定測量器,其透過設置於該可攜式裝置内的 一生物測定讀取器測量一使用者的生物測定輪廓; 一生物測定比較H ,其比較該測量的生物㈣輪廊與 該可攜式裝置内儲存的一生物測定模板; 輸出產生器,其根據該比較的生物測定產生一輸 -7 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格7^1〇><297公爱)--------
1236634
出’其中該輸出如下: ^如果比較的生物測定一樣,則為一認證符記及一認 且成功Λ息,該認證成功訊息遞送至該系統及該符記在 地儲存於該可攜式電子裝置中,否則 如果比較的生物測定不匹配,則為一認證失敗訊 息; 产一認證驗證器,其根據一門限或準則測試維護該認證 符記的有效性一段預定時間,以及 苻5己終止器,於門限或準則測試失敗時,用以終止該 認證符記。 如申明專利範圍第2 9項根據與一系統進行雙工通訊以執 行生物測定認證之可攜式電子裝置,其中該可攜式電子 裝置包含下列之一 ··個人數位助理(PDA),識別證,電 子錢包,無線智慧卡,或者可攜式電話。 31·如申請專利範圍第29項根據與一系統進行雙工通訊以執 订生物測定認證之可攜式電子裝置,其中該生物測定測 量器測量一使用者的生理生物測定輪廓。 32·如申請專利範圍第31項根據與一系統進行雙工通訊以執 行生物測定認證之可攜式電子裝置,其中該測量的使用 者生理生物測定輪廓包含下列任一項:指紋型樣,視網 膜型樣’虹膜型樣,臉部型樣,或者手部型樣。 33·如申請專利範圍第2 9項根據與一系統進行雙工通訊以執 行生物測定認證之可攜式電子裝置,其中該生物測定測 量器測量一使用者的行為生物測定輪廓。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格771(^297公爱)· 8 8 8 8 A B CD 1236634 々、申請專利範圍 34.如申請專利範圍第33項根據與一系統進行雙工通訊以執 行生物測定認證之可攜式電子裝置,其中該測量的使用 者行為生物測定包含下列之一:簽章型樣,語音型樣, 或者敲鍵型樣。 本紙張尺度適用中·國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
1236634 第090124994號專利申請案 中文圖式替換頁(94年3月) 91 3.-9 年月9畛ί /又一/捕九
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一莫澳PO16 1236634 94. 3.-9 第090124994號專利申請案 中文圖式替換頁(94年3月)
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US9819676B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2017-11-14 | Apple Inc. | Biometric capture for unauthorized user identification |
US9832189B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2017-11-28 | Apple Inc. | Automatic association of authentication credentials with biometrics |
US9959539B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2018-05-01 | Apple Inc. | Continual authorization for secured functions |
US10212158B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2019-02-19 | Apple Inc. | Automatic association of authentication credentials with biometrics |
TWI632480B (zh) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-08-11 | 普羅托斯數位健康公司 | 個人認證裝置、模組及方法 |
US10331866B2 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2019-06-25 | Apple Inc. | User verification for changing a setting of an electronic device |
US11676188B2 (en) | 2013-09-09 | 2023-06-13 | Apple Inc. | Methods of authenticating a user |
US10735412B2 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2020-08-04 | Apple Inc. | Use of a biometric image for authorization |
US9525668B2 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2016-12-20 | Intel Corporation | Face based secure messaging |
TWI563410B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-12-21 | Intel Corp | Processing system, non-transitory computer readable medium and communication method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6819219B1 (en) | 2004-11-16 |
JP2002207705A (ja) | 2002-07-26 |
JP2010020785A (ja) | 2010-01-28 |
JP5039103B2 (ja) | 2012-10-03 |
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