1234328 (1) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於受變電設備，特別是關於在大樓或工廠 等當中，受電來自配線系統之電力予以變壓，將經過變壓 的電力配電給複數之負荷所合適的受變電設備。 【先前技術】1234328 (1) 发明. Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to power receiving and transforming equipment, and in particular, in a building or a factory, the power received from the wiring system is transformed, and the transformed power is transformed. Substation equipment suitable for distributing to multiple loads. [Prior art]
以往，在大樓等之建築物內，受電來自配電系統的電 力予以降壓，將經過降壓的電力配電給複數之負荷時，係 採用：在建築物內之電氣室設置斷電器、變壓器、開關 等，藉由斷電器受電來自三項高壓幹線（6.6kV/22kV )之 電力，以變壓器將受電之電力予以降壓（105/2 10V )，將 經過降壓的電力透過開關和低壓母線（電力纜線）配電給 複數之負荷之構造（參考專利文獻1 )。 [專利文獻1]In the past, in buildings such as buildings, when the power received from the power distribution system was reduced, and the reduced voltage power was distributed to multiple loads, it was adopted to install circuit breakers, transformers, Switches, etc., receive power from three high-voltage mains (6.6kV / 22kV) through a breaker, and step down (105/2 10V) the received power with a transformer. Pass the reduced power through the switch and the low-voltage bus (Power cable) A structure that distributes power to multiple loads (refer to Patent Document 1). [Patent Document 1]
曰本專利特開平8-2 5 1 8 20號公報（第3頁至第4 頁，第1圖） 【發明內容】 [發明所要解決之課題] 在先前技術中，在電氣室內設置變壓器，將以變壓器 予以降壓之電力透過低壓母線而配電給複數之負荷而構成 故，不得不在電氣室設置因應成爲配電對象之負荷的容量 之大容量的變壓器，電氣室的安設面積變大。而且，大容 -5- (2) 1234328 量的變壓器需要噪音或排氣對策用之設備，電氣室的安設 面積變得更大。另外，連結電氣室和負荷之低壓母線如配 線在建築物內，由於配電之電力損失係與電流的平方成正 比故，隨著低壓母線的長度變長，電力損失增加。 本發明之課題在於降低伴隨配電之電力損失。 [解決課題之手段] 爲了解決前述課題，本發明係：藉由電力纜線來連接 配置在電氣室，受電來自配電系統之電力之受電用開關和 配電給負荷之複數之受配電盤，將前述各受配線盤分別分 散配置在負荷側的同時，在前述各受配電盤設置將施加於 前述電力纜線之電壓予以降壓而輸出給負荷之變壓器。 [發明效果] 如依據本發明，則可降低伴隨配電之電力損失的同 時’也可令電氣室之安設面積變小。 【實施方式】 以下，依據圖面說明本發明之一實施形態。第1圖係 顯示本發明之一實施例之受變電設備的方塊構造圖，第2 圖係受變電設備之單線連接圖。 第1圖以及第2圖中，係採用：在將受變電設備設置 於大樓等建築物時，在構成大樓之樓層中，於地下室設置 電氣室4,在地上之各樓層或每隔1樓，設置當作受配電 -6 - (3) 1234328 盤之變壓器裝置11，不降壓在電氣室4所受電之電力 (6.6k V/2 2k V )，維持不變地藉由電力纜線3a、3b而供 應給各變壓器裝置1 1之構造。 具體爲，在設置於大樓的地下室之電氣室4內，設置 有，作爲主受電用開關之負荷開關1 a、1 b，和當作補助 受電用開關之負荷開關1 c、1 d，和爲了測量使用電力， 由電力公司等所提供的儀表變壓器2a、2b。負荷開關la 係在2回線之特別高壓配電線（6.6kV/22kV )中連接於本 線 2 1，負荷開關1 b係連接於預備線22，各負荷開關 1 a、1 b分別受電來自本線2 1或預備線2 2之電力，而輸 出於負荷開關1 c、1 d側。負荷開關1 c係藉由儀表變壓器 2 a、電力纜線3 a而將藉由負荷開關1 a或〗b之受電的電 力供應給各變壓器裝置1 1。另一方面，負荷開關1 d係藉 由儀表變壓器2 b、電力纜線3 b而將藉由負荷開關1 a或 1 b之受電的電力供應給各變壓器裝置n。電力纜線3 a、 3 b係相互串聯連接，與負荷開關1 ^、1 d —同形成迴路電 路，在此迴路電路中插入各變壓器裝置U。 各變壓器裝置11係具備：第1之一次開關12a、第2 之一次開關1 2b、第3之一次開關} 2 c、變壓器} 3、複數 之二次開關1 4所構成。一次開關i 2a、丨2b係相互串聯連 接’插入在迴路電路中，一次開關〗2 c係插入在一次開關 1 2 a和一次開關1 2 b之連接點和變壓器1 3的一次側之電 路中。各一次開關12a、12b、i2e例如藉由使用被真空絕 緣之開關，可謀求小型化。 (4) 1234328 變壓器1 3例如係使用引火點在3 Ο 0 °C以上之矽油絕 緣變壓器，或者以難燃性之環氧樹脂模鑄所絕緣之環氧樹 脂模鑄絕緣變壓器所構成’將由電力纜線3 a或3 b所供給 之電力（6.6kV/2 2kV)降壓爲105V或210V，將經過降壓 的電力油二次側輸出於二次開關1 4。如第3圖所示般， 此變壓器1 3可以：配置在鐵心1 3 a之四周的一次線圈 1 3 b、二次線圈1 3 c可分割爲單一的零件之環氧樹脂模鑄 絕緣變壓器所構成。在採用可分割之變壓器時，可分割鐵 心 1 3 a、一次線圈1 3 b、二次線圈1 3 c或其他零件而搬 入，能在安設場所組裝。 如此，在本實施例中，不在電氣室4內降壓以負荷開 關1 a〜1 d所受電之電力，維持不變地藉由電力纜線3a、 3 b而供應給各樓層之變壓器裝置Μ，以分散配置在各樓 層之變壓器1 3降壓受電的電力，將經過降壓的電力分別 供應給各樓層之負荷故，不需要在電氣室4內設置大容量 的變壓器，可令電氣室4的安設面積變小。另外，由於配 電的損失與電流的平方成正比故，如以低電壓配電，因此 電力損失變大，相對於此，在本實施例中，在維持在高壓 (6.6kV/22kV )下，對各樓層之變壓器裝置11供應電力 故，可降低伴隨配電之電力損失。例如，以22kV和2 1 OV 輸送同一電力所必要的電流，在22kV之情形，成爲21 OV 之情形的約1〇〇分之1，藉由以22kV進行配電，可大幅 降低電力損失。 另外，在各樓層之變壓器裝置1 1可設置小容量，例 冬 (5) 1234328 如，約lOOkVA之變壓器13故，可使噪音或排氣熱量減 少〇 另外，在本實施例中，採用在以負荷開關丨c、i d、 電力纜線3 a、3 b所構成的負荷電路中插入各變壓器裝置 1 1之閉迴路方式故，如第4圖所示般，於大樓之5樓和6 樓間發生事故，在藉由事故點判定裝置（未圖示出）判定 爲在連結大樓之5樓和6樓之電路中，有事故點4 i時， 分別令在事故點4 1的兩側最近之一次開關1 2 a、〗2 b開 放，可由健全電路切離事故點4 1，同時，可對健全電路 由各電力纜線3 a、3 b供給電力。 另外，作爲變壓器1 3係藉由使用引火點高者，可抑 制事故時成爲火災，能有助於安全性之提升。 另外’如第5圖所不般，錯由固體絕緣母線1 6來連 接一次開關12c和變壓器13’可使連接所需要的面積減 少。另外，如第6圖所示般，作爲固體絕緣母線1 6之代 替，使用電力纜線3，將變壓器裝置Η分割爲一次開關 盤1 7和變壓器盤1 8，在一次開關盤1 7內收容一次開關 12a、12b、12c，在變壓器盤18內收容變壓器13和二次 開關1 4，機器的配置自由度變大，也可以容易地使用在 空間限制多之大樓等。同樣地，也可將收容在變壓器盤 1 8內之變壓器1 3和二次開關1 4分割爲2個。 另外，在本實施例中，於將各變壓器裝置1 1設置於 各樓層時，藉由令藉由真空絕緣之一次開關12a〜]2c和 變壓器1 3成爲一體而配置在各樓層，也可減少安設空 -9- (6) 1234328 間。 另外’在前述實施形態中，雖就在大樓的某一樓層設 置電氣室4或變壓器裝置π而做說明，但是，也可在分 散配置於工廠等範圍內之複數的建築物中之某一棟的建築 物分散配置電氣室4和變壓器裝置1 1。 【圖式簡單說明】Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-2 5 1 8 20 (pages 3 to 4 and Fig. 1) [Summary of the Invention] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the prior art, a transformer was installed in an electric room, and The power reduced by the transformer is distributed to a plurality of loads through a low-voltage bus. Therefore, a large-capacity transformer having a capacity corresponding to the load to be a distribution target has to be installed in the electrical room, and the installation area of the electrical room becomes large. In addition, the large capacity -5- (2) 1234328 transformer requires equipment for noise or exhaust countermeasures, and the installation area of the electrical room becomes larger. In addition, if the low-voltage busbar connecting the electrical room and the load is inside the building, the power loss of the power distribution is proportional to the square of the current. As the length of the low-voltage busbar becomes longer, the power loss increases. An object of the present invention is to reduce power loss accompanying power distribution. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the foregoing problems, the present invention is to connect a plurality of power receiving switches that are arranged in an electrical room and receive power from a power distribution system with a power cable and a plurality of power receiving panels that distribute power to a load. While the receiving panels are separately distributed on the load side, transformers are provided at the aforementioned receiving panels to reduce the voltage applied to the power cables and output the voltage to the loads. [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the power loss associated with power distribution, and also to reduce the installation area of the electrical room. [Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a power receiving and transforming device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a single-line connection diagram of the power receiving and transforming device. In Figures 1 and 2, when the power receiving and transforming equipment is installed in a building such as a building, an electrical room 4 is installed in the basement among the floors constituting the building, and each floor on the ground or every other floor ， Set the transformer device 11 as a power distribution -6-(3) 1234328 panel, without reducing the power received in the electrical room 4 (6.6k V / 2 2k V), and keep the same through the power cable 3a And 3b, and the structure is supplied to each transformer device 1 1. Specifically, in the electric room 4 installed in the basement of the building, load switches 1 a and 1 b as main power receiving switches, and load switches 1 c and 1 d as auxiliary power receiving switches are provided, and The measuring power is measured by meter transformers 2a, 2b provided by a power company or the like. The load switch la is connected to the main line 2 in a special high-voltage power distribution line (6.6kV / 22kV) of two lines, and the load switch 1 b is connected to the reserve line 22. Each load switch 1 a and 1 b receives power from the line 2 1 respectively. Or the power of the reserve line 2 2 is output to the load switches 1 c and 1 d. The load switch 1 c supplies the power received by the load switch 1 a or b to each transformer device 11 through the instrument transformer 2 a and the power cable 3 a. On the other hand, the load switch 1 d supplies power received by the load switch 1 a or 1 b to each transformer device n through the instrument transformer 2 b and the power cable 3 b. The power cables 3 a and 3 b are connected in series with each other, and form a loop circuit with the load switches 1 ^ and 1 d, and each transformer device U is inserted in this loop circuit. Each transformer device 11 includes a first primary switch 12a, a second primary switch 12b, a third primary switch} 2c, a transformer} 3, and a plurality of secondary switches 14. The primary switches i 2a and 2b are connected in series with each other and are inserted in the loop circuit. The primary switch 2c is inserted in the connection point between the primary switch 1 2 a and the primary switch 1 2 b and the primary circuit of the transformer 13 . Each of the primary switches 12a, 12b, and i2e can be miniaturized by using a vacuum insulated switch, for example. (4) 1234328 Transformer 1 3 is, for example, a silicone oil-insulated transformer with an ignition point above 300 ° C, or an epoxy-molded epoxy-insulated transformer insulated with a flame-resistant epoxy-molded resin. The power (6.6kV / 2 2kV) supplied by the cable 3 a or 3 b is reduced to 105V or 210V, and the secondary side of the reduced power oil is output to the secondary switch 14. As shown in Figure 3, this transformer 1 3 can be: an epoxy resin molded insulation transformer with primary coils 1 3 b and secondary coils 1 3 c arranged around the iron core 1 3 a, which can be divided into a single part. Make up. When a splittable transformer is used, the core 1 3 a, the primary coil 1 3 b, the secondary coil 1 3 c, or other parts can be carried in and can be assembled at the installation site. Thus, in this embodiment, the power received by the load switch 1 a to 1 d without stepping down in the electrical room 4 is maintained and supplied to the transformer device M of each floor through the power cables 3 a and 3 b. In order to reduce the electric power received by the transformers 13 distributed on each floor, the reduced power is separately supplied to the load of each floor. Therefore, it is not necessary to install a large-capacity transformer in the electrical room 4, so that the electrical room 4 Installation area becomes smaller. In addition, since the loss of power distribution is proportional to the square of the current, if the power is distributed at a low voltage, the power loss becomes large. In contrast, in this embodiment, the voltage is maintained at a high voltage (6.6kV / 22kV). Since the transformer device 11 on the floor supplies power, the power loss accompanying power distribution can be reduced. For example, the current required to transmit the same power at 22kV and 2 1 OV is about 1 / 100th of the case of 21 OV at 22kV. Power distribution at 22kV can greatly reduce power loss. In addition, the transformer device 11 on each floor can be provided with a small capacity, such as (5) 1234328. For example, a transformer 13 of about 100 kVA can reduce noise or exhaust heat. In addition, in this embodiment, Load switch 丨 c, id, power cable 3 a, 3 b is a closed-circuit method of inserting each transformer device 11 into the load circuit. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, on the 5th and 6th floors of the building When an accident occurs, it is determined by the accident point determination device (not shown) that there is an accident point 4 i in the circuit connecting the 5th and 6th floors of the building. Once the switches 1 2 a and 2 b are open, the sound circuit can be cut off from the accident point 41 1. At the same time, the sound circuits can be supplied with power by the respective power cables 3 a and 3 b. In addition, by using a high ignition point as the transformer 1 to 3, it is possible to suppress a fire in an accident and contribute to the improvement of safety. In addition, as shown in Fig. 5, connecting the switch 12c and the transformer 13 by a solid insulated bus 16 by mistake can reduce the area required for the connection. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, instead of the solid insulation bus 16, the power cable 3 is used to divide the transformer device into a primary switch board 17 and a transformer board 18, and is housed in the primary switch board 17. The primary switches 12a, 12b, and 12c accommodate the transformer 13 and the secondary switch 14 in the transformer panel 18, which increases the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the equipment and can be easily used in buildings with a large space limit. Similarly, the transformer 13 and the secondary switch 14 accommodated in the transformer disk 18 may be divided into two. In addition, in the present embodiment, when each transformer device 11 is installed on each floor, the primary switches 12a to 2c and the transformer 13 integrated by the vacuum insulation are integrated into each floor and can be reduced. Set up air-9-9 (6) 1234328 rooms. In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the electric room 4 or the transformer device π is described on a certain floor of the building, it may be one of a plurality of buildings dispersedly arranged in a factory or the like. The buildings are distributed with electrical rooms 4 and transformer devices 1 1. [Schematic description]
第1圖係顯示本發明之一實施例之受變電設備的方塊 構造圖。 第2圖係關於本發明之受變電設備的單線連接圖。 第3圖係分割變壓器時之各零件的斜視圖。 第4圖係說明本發明之受變電設備的閉迴路方式之單 線連接圖。 第5圖係使用固體絕緣母線之變壓器裝置的方塊構造 圖。Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a power receiving and transforming device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a single-line connection diagram of a power receiving and transforming device according to the present invention. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of each part when the transformer is divided. Fig. 4 is a single-line connection diagram illustrating a closed-loop system of a power receiving and transforming device according to the present invention. Figure 5 is a block diagram of a transformer device using a solid insulated bus.
第6圖係使用電力纜線時的變壓器裝置之方塊構造 圖。 符號說明 la、lb、lc、Id:負荷開關，2a、2b:儀表用變壓 器，3、3a、3b:電力纜線，4:電氣室，11 :變壓器裝 置，12a、12b、12c:—次開關，13:變壓器，14:二次 開關 -10-Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a transformer device when a power cable is used. Explanation of symbols la, lb, lc, Id: load switch, 2a, 2b: instrument transformer, 3, 3a, 3b: power cable, 4: electrical room, 11: transformer device, 12a, 12b, 12c:-secondary switch 13: Transformer, 14: Secondary Switch-10-