522653 A7 ______B7 五、發明説明（~~) ~ ' 技術範疇 本發明係關於電壓控制之振盪器且更特定是關於使此種 振盪器之頻率響應線性化之一種裝置。 發明背景 一監齒（Bluetooth)⑧發射機可操作於在24〇2與248〇 GHz間之 一頻率波段同1 MHz頻道。可使用合成器以選擇頻率。此合 成裔包括可產生一射頻信號之一電壓制振盪器（vc〇)。然後 此射頻藉由一所謂相位鎖緊環路（pLL)被分割及相位鎖定至 一基準頻率。 為調變傳送中之信號，一簡單方法是開啟pLL並引進一 小调、’I：彳§號直接進入已先前調置在Dc電壓附近之vc〇内以 便在一正確_心頻率處操作。 監齒®發射機内之調變方法係一有14(M75 kHz頻率偏差 之兩階層調頻，亦即” 1 ”係代表為高於中心頻率175 kHz之一頻率，而” ”係代表一相應之較低頻率。因此，目 標設定有100 MHz/V轉換增益與VCO 160 kHz頻率偏差，至 VC0之調變AC電壓應為ι·6 mV。 就附圖言，圖1係連接至一已知電壓控制振盪器之已知 放大為（圖上未示）之一已知證振電路實例之簡化電路圖。 圖1所示諧振電路之諧振頻率可決定振盪器之頻率且係 憑藉加至諧振電路輸入接頭端1之輸入控制電壓加以調 諧。輸入接頭端1係被連接至在兩個變容二極體2與3陰極 間之互連點上。兩電阻器R係跨變容二極體2，3予以串聯 。在電阻器R間之互連點係經由一電阻器Ri連接通地，且 -4 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 522653 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2 ) 經由一電阻器R2連接至調變信號V_d之輸入接頭端4。藉電 阻器R及電阻器Ri，調置變容二極體2及3陽極之電位係接 近通地。經由與一電感器L串聯之電容器CDC亦可連接變容 二極體2及3之陽極至諧振電路之各別輸出端5，6。電容電 器C係串聯在被連接至振盪器之放大器（圖上未示）之諧振 電路之輸出端5，6之間。 據了解變容二極體2，3可由任何電壓可變電容性元件替 代諸如一射頻微電子機械系統（RFMEMS)組成件，如在下例 所述’’通信收發機之微機械系統”，Nguyen-CT-C，2000 BIPOLAR/BiCMOS 電路及科技會議（Cat. No.00CH37124)之會 議記錄。IEEE，Piscataway，NJ，USA; 2000, ρ.142-9，與’’半導 體聚合體為基礎RF MEMS及其應用於微波系統”，¥&^(^11-VK et al.，SPIE會議記錄-光學工程之國際社會，v〇l. 3990; 2000; ρ·43-52。而且，電阻器R可由其他組織成件替代，例 如電感器，以提供由變容二極體2，3之陽極至接地之DC-線路。 圖2顯示一已知諧振電路同一單獨變容二極體7之實例。 在圖2實例内顯示一調變信號之無輸入接頭端。變容二極 體7係與其陰極連接至輸入控制電壓Vin之輸入端8且經由 C’dc連接至待連接至一放大器（圖上未示）之輸出端9，且與 其陽極連接通地且連接至電感器之一端，其另一端係連 接至輸出端9。 以下，參閱圖3及4說明圖1諧振電路之操作。 圖3内圖例說明圖1所示諧振電路之頻率fVC01為輸入電壓 -5 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐） 522653522653 A7 ______B7 V. Description of the Invention (~~) ~ 'Technical Field The present invention relates to a voltage controlled oscillator and more specifically to a device for linearizing the frequency response of such an oscillator. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A Bluetooth (R) transmitter can operate on a frequency band between 2402 and 2480 GHz and the same 1 MHz channel. A synthesizer can be used to select the frequency. The composite includes a voltage-controlled oscillator (vc0) that generates a radio frequency signal. This radio frequency is then divided and phase locked to a reference frequency by a so-called phase-locked loop (pLL). To modulate the signal in transmission, a simple method is to turn on pLL and introduce a minor key, the 'I: 彳 § number directly enters vc0, which has been previously set near the Dc voltage, to operate at a correct core frequency. The modulation method in the Monitor Tooth® transmitter is a two-level frequency modulation with a frequency deviation of 14 (M75 kHz, that is, "1" represents a frequency higher than the center frequency of 175 kHz, and "" represents a corresponding comparison Low frequency. Therefore, the target setting is 100 MHz / V conversion gain and VCO 160 kHz frequency deviation. The modulation AC voltage to VC0 should be ι · 6 mV. As for the figure, Figure 1 is connected to a known voltage control The known amplifier of the oscillator is a simplified circuit diagram of an example of a known vibration circuit (not shown in the figure). The resonance frequency of the resonance circuit shown in Figure 1 can determine the frequency of the oscillator and is added to the input terminal of the resonance circuit. The input control voltage of 1 is tuned. Input terminal 1 is connected to the interconnection point between the two varactor diodes 2 and 3. The two resistors R are across the varactor diodes 2 and 3. Connected in series. The interconnection point between the resistors R is connected to the ground through a resistor Ri, and -4-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 522653 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) Connected to the input terminal of the modulation signal V_d via a resistor R2 Terminal 4. By the resistor R and resistor Ri, the potential of the anodes of the varactor diodes 2 and 3 is close to ground. The varactor diodes 2 and 2 can also be connected through a capacitor CDC connected in series with an inductor L. The anode of 3 to the respective output terminals 5, 6 of the resonant circuit. The capacitor C is connected in series between the output terminals 5, 6 of the resonant circuit connected to the amplifier (not shown) of the oscillator. Diodes 2, 3 can be replaced by any voltage-variable capacitive element such as a radio frequency microelectromechanical system (RFMEMS) component, as described in the following example "micromechanical system of communication transceiver", Nguyen-CT-C, Proceedings of the 2000 BIPOLAR / BiCMOS Circuit and Technology Conference (Cat. No. 00CH37124). IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, USA; 2000, ρ.142-9, and `` semiconductor polymer-based RF MEMS and their applications in microwave System ", ¥ & ^ (^ 11-VK et al., SPIE Conference Records-International Society of Optical Engineering, v.l. 3990; 2000; ρ · 43-52. Moreover, the resistor R may be made by other organizations Instead, such as an inductor, to provide a DC-line from the anode of the varactor diodes 2, 3 to the ground. Fig. 2 shows an example of a single varactor diode 7 of a known resonant circuit. In the example of Fig. 2 an input-free terminal of a modulation signal is shown. The varactor diode 7 is connected to its cathode to the input control voltage Vin The input terminal 8 is connected to the output terminal 9 to be connected to an amplifier (not shown) via C'dc, and is connected to the anode and ground to one terminal of the inductor, and the other terminal is connected to the output terminal 9 . Hereinafter, the operation of the resonance circuit of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. The legend in Figure 3 illustrates the frequency fVC01 of the resonant circuit shown in Figure 1 as the input voltage -5-This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 522653
Vin之函，數。 係明顯。 圖1譜振電 路之頻率響應並非直線性同由圖3 亦 、，藉㈣㈣於輸^電壓之頻率，可獲得織器之VCO增 盈，亦即電壓對頻率轉換因數。圖4顯示vc◦增仏⑽為 輸入電屋Vin之函數。振i器之頻率偏差係直接與VCO增益 成正比。由圖4顯示甚明龍 祕μ ^ VCOig贫Kvc〇i係完全視輸入 電壓Vin而定，亦即頻率偏差係頻道依賴之程度而定。 在藍齒®波段内之最低頻率係2 4〇2 GHz為設定載波至 2.402 GHz，如圖3可知所需輸人電壓係〇75 v其他波段邊緣 係在相應於1·81 V輸入電壓之2 48〇 GHz處。然後由圖4可獲 得在波段邊緣處之VC0增益。在2·4〇2及2 48〇 GHz處它分別 疋62及MHz/V。在分壓器Ri，&以後之調變信號v_之最 佳波幅然後係2.17 mV。該情況可分別造成在2·4〇2及2.480 GHz處之135及185 kHz之頻率偏差。頻道信賴度因此為5〇 kHz。此表示所產生電路之否決情況高，且因此良率是低。 因之，VCO有需要使其頻率係直接與對所有輸入電壓之 輸入電壓成正比。此可提供一恒定導數且，因此提供一恒 定VC0增益沒有頻率偏差之頻道依賴度。 發明摘要 本發明之目的係在產生此種V C Ο。 按照本發明藉連接與電壓可變電容性元件並聯之一固定 電容性元件即可達成此目的。 因此，此電壓可變電容性元件係予以線性化。 附圖簡述 -6 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 522653 與變容二極體7並聯 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 ) ’·、·： , " . ^ 、'Λ參考附圖以下更詳細說明本發明其中上述圖1係一已知 電壓控制振盪器之已知諧振電路一實施例之簡化電路圖， 上述圖2係一已知諧振電路另一實施例之簡化電路圖，上 述圖3係圖1諧振電路之頻率圖為一輸入電壓之函數，上述 圖4係圖}譜振電路vc〇增益圖為輸入電壓之函數，圖㈣ 二備有本兔月線性化裝置實施例之圖1諳振電路，圖ό顯 不備有本發明一線性化裝置實施例之圖2諧振電路，圖7係 圖5諧振電路頻率圖為輪入電壓之函數，與圖8係圖5諧振 電路之VCO增亞圖為輸入電壓之函數。 發明詳述 圖5顯示備有本發明一線性化裝置之圖i諧振電路。 圖1及5之相同組成件已經提供有相同基準特性。 按本明，憂谷二極體2及3係予線性化其中_固定電容 器係與變容二極體並聯。 按圖5貝例，兩個串冑，固定相同之電容器係與變容二 ^體2 ’ 3並聯。纟兩電容器CLIN間之互連點係如圖5所示較 佺上疋接地之一對稱點。此能使基材内電容器Cun之簡單 而完全對稱執行。整合電容器Cl-之-優點係容許偏差會 更佳。相同大小之各別電容器具有〇·25 PF容許偏差。因整 合電容器cLIN容許偏差係少於pF。 圖_示備有本發明一線性化裝置之圖2諧振電路。依本 一早艾谷一極體7係線性化因為-固定電容器C，LiN係 以下，參閱圖7及8說明圖5諧振電路之操作。Letter from Vin, number. Department is obvious. The frequency response of the spectral vibration circuit in Figure 1 is not linear. As shown in Figure 3, the VCO gain of the weave can be obtained by the frequency of the input voltage, that is, the voltage-to-frequency conversion factor. Figure 4 shows vc◦ increasing as a function of the input house Vin. The frequency deviation of the vibrator is directly proportional to the VCO gain. It is shown from Fig. 4 that the VCOig and VCOig-lean Kvc〇i series are completely determined by the input voltage Vin, that is, the frequency deviation is determined by the degree of channel dependence. The lowest frequency in the Bluetooth® band is 2 402 GHz. The carrier is set to 2.402 GHz. As shown in Figure 3, the required input voltage is 075 v. The other band edges are at 2 corresponding to the input voltage of 1.81 V. At 48oGHz. From Figure 4, the VC0 gain at the edge of the band can be obtained. It is 疋 62 and MHz / V at 2.402 and 2480 GHz, respectively. The optimal amplitude of the modulation signal v_ after the voltage divider Ri, then is 2.17 mV. This situation can cause frequency deviations of 135 and 185 kHz at 2.402 and 2.480 GHz, respectively. Channel reliability is therefore 50 kHz. This means that the rejection of the resulting circuit is high and therefore the yield is low. Therefore, the VCO needs to make its frequency directly proportional to the input voltage to all input voltages. This can provide a constant derivative and, therefore, a constant VC0 gain without frequency deviation in the channel dependence. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to generate such V C 0. This is achieved according to the invention by connecting a fixed capacitive element in parallel with a voltage variable capacitive element. Therefore, the voltage variable capacitive element is linearized. Brief description of the drawings-6-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 522653 and varactor diode 7 in parallel A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) '... ". ^, 'Λ The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein FIG. 1 is a simplified circuit diagram of an embodiment of a known resonant circuit of a known voltage controlled oscillator, and FIG. 2 is a known resonant circuit. A simplified circuit diagram of an embodiment. The above-mentioned FIG. 3 is a frequency diagram of the resonance circuit of FIG. 1 as a function of an input voltage, and the above-mentioned diagram of FIG. 4 is a graph of the spectral vibration circuit vc. The gain diagram is a function of the input voltage. Fig. 1 shows an example of a vibrating circuit of a rabbit moon linearization device. Fig. 2 does not include the resonance circuit of Fig. 2 of an embodiment of the linearization device of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a VCO increasing sub-graph of the resonance circuit of FIG. 5 as a function of input voltage. Detailed description of the invention Fig. 5 shows a resonance circuit of Fig. I equipped with a linearizer according to the invention. The same components of Figures 1 and 5 have been provided with the same reference characteristics. According to the present invention, Yougu Diodes 2 and 3 are linearized. Among them, fixed capacitors are connected in parallel with varactor diodes. According to the example in FIG. 5, two capacitors connected in series and fixed in the same series are connected in parallel with the varactor 2 ′ 3. The interconnection point between the two capacitors CLIN is a symmetrical point as shown in Fig. 5 compared to the upper ground. This enables simple and completely symmetrical implementation of the capacitor Cun in the substrate. The advantage of the integrated capacitor Cl- is that the tolerance will be better. Each capacitor of the same size has a tolerance of 0.25 PF. The tolerance of the integrated capacitor cLIN is less than pF. Fig._ shows the resonance circuit of Fig. 2 equipped with a linearizer of the present invention. According to this article, the Aigu-polar body 7 series was linearized because of-the fixed capacitor C, LiN series. The operation of the resonance circuit of Fig. 5 will be described with reference to Figs.
装Hold
P -7- 522653 A7 B7 五、發明説明（5 ) 圖7說明圖5諧振電路之頻率^〔^為輸入控制電壓Vin之函 數。 圖5諧振電路之頻率響應係較圖1諧振電路之頻率響應更 直線性因藉由在圖7與圖3間之比較即明顯可見。 為設定載波為如圖5所示本發明線性化VCO之2.402 GHz， 如由圖7明顯可見所需輸入電壓係1〇2 v。按圖7，2.480 GHz可符合1·79 V之輸入電壓。由圖8然後可獲得在波段邊 緣處之VCO增益。在2.402及2.480 GHz處，VCO增益係1〇〇 MHz/V介乎中間有102 MHz/V巔值。在分壓器心，&以後調 變信號VmcKi之理想波幅係1.57 mV。該情況可造成在2.402至 2.480 GHz波段上在157與160 kHz間變化之一頻率偏差。因此 可減少頻道依存度至就本例言僅3 kHz。 如有關圖4之上述指示，頻率偏差之頻道依存度係高如 圖1之已知諧振電路之50 kHz。 憑藉本發明之線性化裝置，可減少頻率偏差之頻道依存 度至少於5 kHz。當然，此可顯著改進良率。 即使有關「藍齒」⑧專利申請已說明本發明，據了解其 並非限定於此專利。 -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)P -7- 522653 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) Figure 7 illustrates the frequency of the resonant circuit of Figure 5 ^ [^ is a function of the input control voltage Vin. The frequency response of the resonant circuit in FIG. 5 is more linear than the frequency response of the resonant circuit in FIG. 1 because the comparison between FIG. 7 and FIG. 3 is obvious. In order to set the carrier wave to 2.402 GHz of the linearized VCO of the present invention as shown in FIG. 5, it is obvious from FIG. 7 that the required input voltage is 102 V. According to Figure 7, 2.480 GHz can meet the input voltage of 1.79 V. From Fig. 8, the VCO gain at the edge of the band can then be obtained. At 2.402 and 2.480 GHz, the VCO gain is 100 MHz / V with a peak value of 102 MHz / V in between. At the heart of the voltage divider, the ideal amplitude of the later modulated signal VmcKi is 1.57 mV. This situation can cause a frequency deviation that varies between 157 and 160 kHz in the 2.402 to 2.480 GHz band. Therefore, channel dependency can be reduced to only 3 kHz for this example. As mentioned above with respect to FIG. 4, the frequency dependence of the frequency deviation is as high as 50 kHz of the known resonant circuit of FIG. With the linearization device of the present invention, the frequency dependency of the frequency deviation can be reduced to less than 5 kHz. Of course, this can significantly improve yield. Even though the invention has been described in relation to the "blue tooth" patent application, it is understood that it is not limited to this patent. -8-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)
裝 訂Binding