501971501971
(一）先前技術 氣化鎂光學陶瓷具有透過3〜5 // m紅外線的特性，美 國Kodak公司（美國專利3,365,27 1 )和蘇聯均採用真空熱壓 製作’，是因為所用的氟化鎂粉末需在75〇。〇以上熱壓， 為避免氟化鎂在此溫度之氧化反應，以及考量熱壓模具材 料特性（需選擇熱膨脹係數小於氟化鎂，且高溫強度足夠 者’如錮合金、陶兗），而採用真空熱壓。強度足約 真空熱壓除了需較昂貴之 真空之步驟，真空爐熱壓成型 產’製作時間較長，故成本較 壓因無氧化作用，粉末需先在 量，對粉末純度的要求比空氣 空氣中熱壓氟化鎂平板的方法 要能空氣中熱壓氟化鎂平板需 想的熱壓模具要求熱膨脹係數 夠、不氧化。若熱壓模具之熱 壓後冷卻收縮所產生的力量容 才旲具如因南溫強度不夠、高溫 壞0 設備外，製程上需多一道抽 多為批次式’不易連續生 空氣中熱壓高。且真空中熱 空氣中預燒過以減少雜質含 中熱壓嚴苛。所以尋求可在 ’成為令人感興趣的課題。 先找到適合之熱壓模具，理 小於氟化鎂、高溫強度足 膨脹係數大於氟化鎂，則熱 易將氟化鎂平板擠破。熱壓 氧化，則模具很容易變形破(1) The prior art magnesium vaporized optical ceramics have the characteristic of transmitting 3 ~ 5 // m infrared rays. Both the US Kodak Company (US Patent 3,365,27 1) and the Soviet Union use vacuum hot pressing to produce them, because of the magnesium fluoride used. The powder needs to be at 75. 〇 Above hot pressing, in order to avoid the oxidation reaction of magnesium fluoride at this temperature, and to consider the characteristics of the material of the hot pressing mold (need to choose a thermal expansion coefficient smaller than magnesium fluoride, and the high temperature strength is sufficient, such as 锢 alloy, pottery 兖), and use Vacuum hot pressing. The strength is about the same as vacuum hot pressing. In addition to the more expensive vacuum step, the vacuum furnace hot pressing molding process takes longer to produce, so the cost is higher than the pressure. Because there is no oxidation, the powder needs to be measured first. The purity of the powder is higher than that of air. The method of hot-pressing the magnesium fluoride flat plate must be able to hot-press the magnesium fluoride flat plate in the air. The hot-pressing mold required for the hot-pressing mold requires a sufficient thermal expansion coefficient and does not oxidize. If the heat capacity of the hot-pressing mold after cooling and shrinking is not sufficient, such as due to the insufficient strength of the South temperature, the high temperature is bad. Outside the equipment, one more pumping process is required. It is batch-type. It is not easy to continuously generate heat in the air. high. In addition, it is pre-fired in hot air in a vacuum to reduce the harsh heat pressure in the impurities. So looking for topics that can be of interest. First find a suitable hot-pressing mold. The reason is less than magnesium fluoride, and the high temperature strength is sufficient. The expansion coefficient is greater than magnesium fluoride. Hot press oxidation, the mold is easily deformed and broken
丫 Λ 時，如使用㈣工具鋼或超合金外 J ，Λ'、、且Λ )，因模具熱膨服係數大於氟化 鎂：：非疋壓製小直徑氟化鎂光學平板 者，因敗化鎮平板是；：夕易卜=，平板擠破。偶有未 疋卞在外模内，f車去外模，或用超When ΛΛ, if using ㈣ tool steel or superalloy J, Λ ', and Λ), the mold thermal expansion coefficient is greater than that of magnesium fluoride: Non-thorium-pressed small-diameter magnesium fluoride optical flat plates, due to failure The town slab is ;: Xi Yibu =, the slab is crowded. Occasionally, if you are not in the outer mold, f car goes to the outer mold, or you use super
波鑽孔方式取出氟化鎂平板，此時之 且在加工時，S應力影響亦容易造成氟較費時間， 板愈大則愈容易破裂。 、、平板破裂，平 (二）發明目的 氟化鎂平板的模 ’可無需使用昂 提高生產能量的 本發明之目的為··開發出空氣中熱壓 具，使氟化鎮平板熱壓後易脫模、不破裂 貴之真空熱壓爐，以達到降低設備費用， 目的0 (三） 發明特性 本發明之特點為：熱壓模具材料為超合金，主 模、外環及上模，熱壓成型後之胚體在下模内，利用下模 模穴侧面為斜或曲面之形狀，可輕易的將氟化鎂平板脫、 模，不會使氟化鎂平板破裂。本熱壓模具可用於空氣中熱 壓大型氟化鎂光學平板，熱壓成本較真空熱壓低。 (四） 圖示說明 圖（一）習知熱壓加熱爐及模具示意圖 1 ·外模； 2 ·發熱體 3 · 4 ·墊塊；5 ·下模 6 ·上模； 7 ·可熱壓氟化鎂粉末 圖（二）本發明熱壓模具示意圖 1· 1Β下模；2.外環Take out the magnesium fluoride flat plate by wave drilling. At this time and during processing, the effect of S stress is also likely to cause fluorine to take more time. The larger the plate, the more likely it will break. The flat plate is broken and flat (II) The purpose of the invention is to use a mold of magnesium fluoride flat plate which can increase the production energy without the use of Ang. The purpose of the present invention is to develop a hot press in the air to make the fluorinated flat plate easy Demolding and non-breaking expensive vacuum hot-pressing furnace in order to reduce the cost of equipment. Purpose 0 (3) Characteristics of the invention The characteristics of the present invention are: the material of the hot-pressing mold is a super alloy, the main mold, the outer ring and the upper mold, and hot-pressing. The subsequent embryo body is in the lower mold, and the shape of the side of the cavity of the lower mold is inclined or curved, and the magnesium fluoride plate can be easily taken off and molded without breaking the magnesium fluoride plate. The hot-pressing mold can be used for hot-pressing large magnesium fluoride optical plates in the air, and the cost of hot-pressing is lower than that of vacuum hot-pressing. (IV) Graphical illustrations (I) Conventional autoclave heating furnace and mold schematic diagram 1 · Outer mold; 2 · Heating element 3 · 4 · Pads; 5 · Lower mold 6 · Upper mold; 7 · Hot-pressable fluorine Figure of magnesium powder (II) Schematic diagram of the hot-pressing mold of the present invention 1 · 1B lower mold; 2. Outer ring
C:\Program Files\Patent\Mold. ptd 第7頁 五、發明說明（3) 圖（二）t上模； 4·熱壓後所得之氟化鎂平板 一）既化鎂光學平板之紅外線穿透率曲鍊 (五）發明内容 熱虔氟化鎂平板熱㈣模具及其使用方法。 超合金对氣Γ為具有高^強度之超纟金如錄基超合金， 具說明如圖（二可在大氣中直接熱壓使用。本發明熱壓模 度，"兪二：Γ為底面為平面之下模，其Θ角Μ5 之下模.” 2二主^ ΐ鎂平板愈容易脫模；"1Β"為底面為曲面 鎂平板’。下模槿Ϊ^"3"為上模，"4"為熱壓後所得之氟化 氟化鎮平板α!主 加工成斜面或曲®，使熱壓後之 作用，而脫模到Λ基超合金模具收縮時之向上分力 模穴之侧面可加工成平面或曲面，下模 模。外環兼2定 二二：、，、弧形，加工成曲面更有助於脫 熱心=具ί:末;:r受力功能。 模劑，待脫模劑乾燥後即可 覆：：溫之脫 配合所需求胚體大小，使埶壓心条以’粉末重量需 體上表面略高於下模上平面\=後胚體在下模内，且胚 移至熱壓爐中熱壓。氟化鎮平:經過冷壓後連同模具組 隙或借擠出^留邊料受力2毛胚利用高壓^吹入縫 邊、粗加工、研磨及拋光 成=出後先除去斜邊或曲 I成所需之氟化鎂平板。 實例一 瞧 C:\Prograra Files\Patent\Mold.ptd 第8頁 501971 U€ 五、發明說明（4) 取通過100就4網高純度之可熱壓氟化鎂粉末4 20克倒 入模具中，模具材料為英高鎳718，模具組合如圖（二）， Θ角為110度與粉末接觸之模具表面喷上含有氮化硼微 細粉末模劑，經〇.15忧11八1112壓力預壓後連同模具放 入加熱爐中，加熱至^。^:，增加壓力至2 65ton/c 壓。熱壓後所壓製之平板利用高壓空氣吹人平板 I 隙取出，取出後依續以30、15、9、5、1μ“‘： 磨後取0 3 _氧化㈣末拋光上下表面至表面 i研 止，拋光後之喊件厚度1 〇· 2_。量取研磨後材:二 光譜如圖（三），其4 /zm紅外線穿透率83·2%，相、、工外線 99· 9%，目視外觀無明顯雜點及不均現象。 、逾度C: \ Program Files \ Patent \ Mold. Ptd Page 7 V. Description of the invention (3) Figure (2) t upper mold; 4 · Magnesium fluoride flat plate obtained after hot pressing a) Infrared penetration of magnesium optical flat plate Permeability Curved Chain (5) Summary of the Invention Hot magnesium fluoride flat hot upset mold and method for using the same. The superalloy pair gas Γ is a super 纟 gold such as a superalloy with high strength, as shown in the figure (two can be directly hot-pressed in the atmosphere. The hot-pressing modulus of the present invention, " 兪 二: Γ is the bottom surface is flat The lower die, its Θ angle M5, the lower die. "2 The main ^ ΐ magnesium plate is easier to demold; " 1Β " is the bottom surface is a curved magnesium plate '. The lower die Ϊ ^ " 3 " is the upper die, " 4 " is the fluorinated fluorinated town plate α obtained after hot pressing! The main processing is beveled or curved ®, so that after hot pressing, it is demolded to the upward component cavity when the Λ-based superalloy mold shrinks. The side can be processed into a flat surface or a curved surface, and the lower mold can be processed. The outer ring can also be fixed to two or two: ,,, and arc. Processing into a curved surface is more conducive to decentering = with ί: ending;: r stress function. Moulding agent After the release agent is dried, you can cover it :: The temperature of the release body matches the required size of the embryo body, so that the top surface of the pressed core strip is slightly higher than the upper surface of the lower mold. , And the embryo is moved to a hot-pressing furnace for hot pressing. Fluorinated ballasting: After cold pressing, together with the die gap or by extruding ^ leaving the material under pressure 2 the blank uses high pressure ^ Into the seam edge, roughing, grinding and polishing = after the removal of the beveled edge or curved magnesium fluoride flat plate required. Example look at C: \ Prograra Files \ Patent \ Mold.ptd Page 8 501971 U € V. Description of the invention (4) Take 20 20 grams of hot-pressable magnesium fluoride powder 4 of 4 nets and pour 20 grams into the mold. The mold material is Inconel 718. The mold assembly is shown in Figure (2). The angle Θ is The mold surface that is in contact with the powder at 110 degrees is sprayed with a fine powder mold agent containing boron nitride. After being pre-pressed with a pressure of 0.15 to 11 and 1112, the mold is placed in a heating furnace with the mold and heated to ^. ^: Increase the pressure to 2 65ton / c pressure. The plate pressed after hot pressing is blown out of the I gap of the plate with high pressure air, and after taking out, it is successively 30, 15, 9, 5, and 1 μ "": After grinding, take 0 3 _ oxidized matte finish polishing up and down Surface-to-surface polishing, thickness of the shouting piece after polishing is 1 0.2. Measure the ground material: the second spectrum is shown in Fig. (3), and its 4 / zm infrared transmittance is 83.2%. 99.9%, no obvious noise and unevenness in visual appearance.