TW472210B - Method for implementing application interrupt in Windows operating system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a method for implementing application interrupt in Windows operating system. It uses virtual device driver running in ring 0 as interface to enable application running in ring 3 to ask for interrupt requirements to system core program. Programmers are able to bring application into full play when coding application and do not have to worry about application interrupt anymore.

Description

472210 Fifth invention description (1) [Scope of application of the invention] The present invention relates to a method for implementing software interruption on a Windows operating system, and in particular, to achieve it through a virtual driver (Virtuai device driver, VxD) Software interrupt method. [Background of the invention] The previous MS-DOS operating system was executed in real mode (reai fflode), that is, ordinary applications can be arbitrarily entered to communicate with its core programs, such as accessing the memory of the operating system Body management module, drive I / O control module, display control module, error handling, device driver interface and task scheduling, etc. Under the mode, the function of the application is completely free for the programmer to use. However, if an application arbitrarily accesses the memory of other programs, it may cause the system to crash. So when the 8 2 8 6 microprocessor came out, it provided an operating mode suitable for a multitasking operating system, called a protected mode. In order to take into account the problem of backward compatibility, MS-DOS has not rewritten for this mode ’, so only protected modes such as Windows 32-bit version and OS / 2 2.0 and later are provided. Therefore, under the general DOS mode, we can let applications use certain techniques to enter the protected mode. In addition, the communication with the core program needs to be achieved through interrupts (i n t e r r U p t). MS-DOS provides 256 interrupts to use, each of which

4 ίο 5. 'Explanation of Invention'-Interrupts correspond to a combination of language codes, which are called interrupt routines. Under normal circumstances, we will not modify the interrupt content of the system, but use the interrupt subroutine provided by the computer hardware and operating system. However, if the programmer needs to write a resident program, the application program must be "Concatenate" into the existing interrupt subroutine 'so that every time the system uses the interrupt subroutine, it will also run our own resident program at the same time. Therefore, based on the above, programmers can easily obtain the required data and functions through software interruption under the DOS environment. The conventional Windows operating system, for example, Win ews 9 5/9 8 operating system 'provides a 32-bit full protection mode, please refer to "Figure 1"' It uses the 0th privilege level (ri ng 0) and the third privilege level (ri ng3) to run the processor, where the 0th privilege level (ri ngO) is located at the core layer of the operating system, and software at this level, such as the file subsystem 丨 〇3 and virtual machines The management program subsystem 1 04 and the like have full rights to the operating system 'that is, all of the processor instructions they issue are valid and can directly access some important data structures in the system' such as memory resources. In contrast, the third privilege level (ri ng3) is the user layer, which refers to the command layer that general applications can use to communicate with the operating system. Software running at this level, such as the system virtual machine 101 or MS-DOS virtual machine An application running under 102 'has its rights limited by the report, and cannot directly call interrupts of low-level hardware. From the above, we can see that the current popular Windows 95/98 operations are not designed to improve the security of the system, so that applications cannot be adjusted.

4722Γ0 V. 'Explanation of the invention (3) w --- Interrupt with its software, so that if a programmer wants to communicate directly with the core core program', especially when he wants to directly detect the hardware, the The big hardships also make it difficult for programmers to write the Windows application = software interruption part. # [Objective and Overview of the Invention] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to design a callable system

The interrupted interface allows normal applications to communicate with the ^ = program of the window system. X — According to the above-mentioned object of the present invention, a method for implementing software interruption on a Windows operating system is provided. A virtual driver (deV1Ce / driVers, hereinafter referred to as VxD) is used to run in the Q privilege level (ring0 ", and The feature of communicating with an application program located at the third special level (r 1 ng3) through a Device CE OContro 1 function, let Vx]) be the interface for the application ^ to make an interrupt request to the core program of the operating system. Its ^, Department hunting = a function structure that defines the entry required for communication between the application and VxD ', = number and its return value, and puts the entry parameter in the -input buffer: when VxD initializes the register with the entry parameter and In the system, the interruption is completed: Shicai 2 stores the interruption results in a loser! Area 1-* 'As the function return value for the application to read, the factory can make the application work in the window. A software interrupt function is implemented on the system. J makes the above and other features, features, and advantages of the present invention clearer: 'A special example of the invention-a preferred embodiment', in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, for details, called 5 Brother Ming is as follows. [Invention DESCRIPTION Example embodiments

472210, 'Invention Note (4) > φ.I ^ is in the Windows operating system (such as Wind〇Ws 9 5/9 8 operating system =============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================). Of course not ,; the software of the brother M temple right level (ri ng0) is interrupted to call; otherwise, the 'virtual driver (Vlrtuai —, hereinafter referred to as ='), is always executed in the 0th privilege level (Hng〇), also That is to say, xD can be used as a friend of HI, and it can be broken. Therefore, this month, this feature of VxD is used to provide applications with the interface required to call software interrupts. This is a schematic diagram of the functional architecture of the present invention. The present invention uses VxD 204 as the interface for the application program 201 to call the interruption of the core program 206. In the specific implementation, a VxD 20 4 must be loaded into the memory 205. To request interruption of the core program 20β; In addition, the information exchange between 204 and the application program 201 in the Windows 9 5/98 operating system is mainly achieved by the function]) evicelOControl, in the parameters of this function Contains an indicator pointing to the input buffer 20 (p〇int er), and an indicator pointing to the output buffer 203, through these two buffers 202, 203 'can store the entry parameters given by the application 201 to vxj) 204, and store the return value after the interruption of execution for the application Program 2 〇i read. Of course, before using the Dev Ice I OContro 1 function, you need to load the corresponding xD204. Similarly, after the service is completed, you also need to uninstall this VxI) 2, 0, 4. ^ ------ Among them, the structure of the above input parameters and return values is similar to the real mode (C / C ++) software interrupt call function parameter, that is, the following structure is defined:

Page 7 472210 V. 'Explanation of Invention (5) typedef struct {

DWORD REDI DWORD RESI DWORD REBP DWORD RESP DWORD REBX DWORD REDX DWORD RECX; DWORD REAX; DWORD RFLAGS;} KBMREGS; Before calling the software interrupt, you must pass the entry parameters, that is, the values of the various registers (register) to the above. Take ^ as the corresponding variable in the structure of the register: after the interruption is successful, the corresponding temporary stolen value will be paid from the returned KBMREGS structure, so that the interruption result can be obtained. After building the 3rd private > /,, ^ Le 4 inch application (ring3) 201 and

Intermediate interaction between VxD 204, ^ ^ ^ m]; After VxD 204, you can use VxD 204 to achieve

In the present invention, the application program 2 〇1 You & Ji communicates with the operating system core program 2 06. 〇 The ancient luxury day contention "G-Chong area / 0 2 ^, PVOID type, 'because of VxD 2 0 4 What we get is the KBMREGS-type finger that turns into slowly. From :, we need to convert it into our custom to make the virtual machine enter the guaranteed input parameters (step 3〇1), and then again (step 3 0 2) As the calling software

Page 472210 V. 'Invention description (6) The basis of the break, the original operating environment of each register is prepared, and then after initializing each temporary, it is OK (step 3 0 5) is to store each The present invention realizes the {environment ”, that is, restores the original superficial state, and saves the subsidiary environment before the interruption, that is, stores the starting value at that time (step 3 0 3). This is to restore the original value later. To ensure that the original program can continue to execute the setting of the interrupt environment in the quasi-industry system 'use the obtained input parameter memory (step 3 04). After the above preparations are completed, use the VxD 204 interrupt call function for software interrupts' when the interrupt After the call is completed, the results are stored, as well as the values in the register (step 3 0 6) 'At this point, the purpose of the software interruption has been reached, and the original values of the registers in the subsidiary ring should be restored in the future (step 3 0 7 ), At the same time and resume (step 3 0 8) 'Make the program execution environment back to the short-term and write the middle-shout result into the output parameter buffer, and return to step 30 9). The following is a specific example to explain this in detail: In the test of the notebook computer test program Evolution, it is necessary to call the function number E 8 0 0 in 11 5 to obtain the system model name (System Model Name), and then judge the keyboard. This is because the keyboard layouts of languages in different countries are very different. You must accurately determine the type of keyboard to detect the quality of the keyboard.

Evolution is an application program running on the Windows98 operating platform. It is not possible to directly call the in 11 5 interrupt. Therefore, the present invention adds ^ KBMD I AG. After VxD, the value in the input parameter structure is E 8 0 0 're Through the interrupt function in VXD, the value in re b X in the return value structure is the name of the system mode that you want to obtain.

472210 V. Description of the invention (7) [Effects of the invention] The present invention provides an interface for calling software interrupts through a virtual device driver (VxD), so that applications at the third privilege level (ring 3) The program can make interrupt calls to the core program of the operating system at the 0th privilege level (ri ngO), so that the programmer can give full play to the effectiveness of the application program. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications and retouching without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.

Page 10 472210 Brief description of the drawings [Illustration of the drawings] Fig. 1 shows the hierarchical structure of the current Windows operating system; Fig. 2 shows the functional architecture of the present invention; and Fig. 3 shows the present invention The flowchart. [Illustration of Symbols in the Schematic Diagram] 101 ............... System Virtual Machine 102 ......... MS-DOS Virtual Machine 103 ... ............ Archive Subsystem 104 ............... Virtual Machine Management Program Subsystem 201 ... Application 2 0 2 ... input buffer 2 0 3 ... output buffer 2 0 4. .............. Virtual driver 2 0 5 ........ Memory 2 0 6 ....... .......... core program

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Claims (1)

472210 VI. Patent Application Scope 1. A method for implementing software interruption on a Windows operating system, including the following steps: Load a virtual device driver (VxD) into the memory and define an input at the same time Buffer and an output buffer > enable the virtual driver to communicate with the input buffer and the output buffer; define a function structure, including the entry required for communication between an application and the virtual driver Parameters and their return values, and place the entry parameters in the input buffer; make the system virtual machine enter the protection mode; t buy the input microphones in the input buffer 'to initialize the registers in the computer system ; The virtual driver makes a software interrupt request to the window operating system, and stores the result of the software interrupt in the output buffer, and the application program obtains the return value from the output buffer. 2. The method for implementing software interruption on a Windows operating system as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the virtual driver communicates with the input buffer and the output buffer through a DevicelOControl function. 3. The method for implementing software interruption on a Windows operating system as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the Device I 0 C ο ntr ο 1 function system includes an indicator pointing to the input buffer, and a pointer to the input buffer. The indicator of the output buffer. Page 12 472210 VI. Patent application scope 4. The method for implementing software interruption on a Windows operating system as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the function structure is represented by C / C ++, which is: typede f struct {DWORD REDI; DWORD RESI; DWORD REBP; DWORD RESP; DWORD REBX; DWORD REDX; DWORD RECX; DWORD REAX; DWORD RFLAGS;} KBMREGS. 5. The method for implementing software interruption on a Windows operating system as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein a step of storing the original values of each register is added before the registers in the computer system are initialized. 6. The method for implementing software interruption on a Windows operating system as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein after the result of the software interruption is stored in the output buffer, a method for restoring the original values of each register is added. step. 7. The method for implementing software interruption on a Windows operating system as described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, in which the original value of each register is restored Page 13 472210 Page 14