TW201515636A - Foot-mounted sensor systems for tracking body movement - Google Patents

Foot-mounted sensor systems for tracking body movement Download PDF

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TW201515636A
TW201515636A TW103120726A TW103120726A TW201515636A TW 201515636 A TW201515636 A TW 201515636A TW 103120726 A TW103120726 A TW 103120726A TW 103120726 A TW103120726 A TW 103120726A TW 201515636 A TW201515636 A TW 201515636A
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fsr
sensor
foot
force
force sensitive
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Tyler Blumenthal
Phillip Dewayne Bondurant
Vincent Fratello
Christian Robert Lentz
Giovanni Nino
Torres, Jr
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Qi2 Elements Ii Llc
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Abstract

A method is disclosed for foot sensors to be used to determine at least two characteristics of a subject's activity by using a combination of sensors for force and foot orientation/motion/position. A wearable footwear ecosystem is comprised of the subject's footwear, sensor-enabled insoles or insertable devices, in-or on-footwear electronics that is hard wired to the sensors and may contain additional sensors such as accelerometers, a master device and means to communicate (typically wirelessly) among the various sensor platforms, and the master device including clock synchronization. Correlating the time stamps for data among various sensors, and the master device communicating wirelessly is critical to accurate determination of the desired characteristics. Multiple force-sensitive resistors on a common substrate are individually optimized for dynamic range. Pulse sensors using arrays of such force-sensitive resistors are implemented. The resultant system can profitably be used for gaming, biometric monitoring, and activity tracking.

Description

用以追蹤身體動作之足部安裝式感測器系統 Foot mounted sensor system for tracking body movements 相關申請之相互參考 Cross-references to related applications

這申請聲明美國暫時專利申請之建檔於2013年10月23日序號61/894833案、建檔於2012年12月17日序號61/738191案、以及建檔於2012年12月28日序號61/747118案之優先權利益,其之各者將於此處整體地被併入本文作為參考。 This application states that the US temporary patent application filed on October 23, 2013, serial number 61/894833, filed on December 17, 2012, serial number 61/738191, and filed on December 28, 2012, number 61 The benefit of the benefit of the <RTI ID=0.0>>

本發明係有關於用以追蹤身體動作之足部安裝式感測器系統。 The present invention relates to a foot mounted sensor system for tracking body movements.

發明背景 Background of the invention

儀表化鞋子、足部感測器、以及步態分析系統以一限定範圍被呈現於公開文獻以及市場中。現有的系統主要包含:1)給與移動距離以及速率之簡單活動感測器,2)僅適用於一實驗室、醫生之辦公室、或鞋店之大的且複雜的臨床系統,以及3)儀表化鞋墊。 Instrumented shoes, foot sensors, and gait analysis systems are presented in the open literature and in the market in a limited scope. The existing systems mainly include: 1) simple activity sensors for moving distances and rates, 2) large and complex clinical systems for a laboratory, doctor's office, or shoe store, and 3) meters Insole.

生物力學移動已被分析於使用複雜光學感測系統之實驗室設施中以及於藉由構成主體之步態的視覺定性 觀察之臨床醫生的醫療機構中。對於足底壓力評估之商業技術包含美國明尼蘇達州之聖保羅的新型電子公司之Emed感測器平臺以及Pedar鞋墊系統;美國馬薩諸塞州之波士頓的Tekscan公司之F-Scan;以及英國北威爾斯之WM自動化和普雷斯頓(Preston)通訊公司的馬斯格雷夫(Musgrave)足跡系統。於這些技術中,當足部接觸感測器時感測器之一精細粒度矩陣陣列量測力。這型式之系統對於在實驗室設置外之消費者而言是體積大、昂貴並且不合實際的。 Biomechanical movement has been analyzed in laboratory facilities using complex optical sensing systems and by visual characterization of the gait that constitutes the subject Observed in the clinic of the clinician. Commercial techniques for plantar pressure assessment include the Emed sensor platform of the new electronics company in St. Paul, Minnesota, and the Pedar insole system; F-Scan from Tekscan, Boston, MA; and WM, North Wales, UK Automation and the Musgrave footprint system of Preston Communications. In these techniques, a fine-grained matrix array of sensors is used to measure force when the foot contacts the sensor. This type of system is bulky, expensive, and impractical for consumers outside the lab setting.

先前技術被安置在設計的解剖點之中的離散鞋內感測器對於一使用者是突兀性且刺激性,在感測器材料以及周圍鞋墊之間具有邊緣效應,是受支配於產生自剪應力之鞋子中的移動,是受支配於在電氣連接的機械損害,可能因鞋底形狀輪廓線而畸變,並且感測器性能可因濕度和熱量而受影響,以至於記錄的數值可能未精確地反映在一未被儀表化鞋子中的這些構造點所遭受的壓力。 The discrete in-shoe sensors of the prior art that are placed in the anatomical point of the design are abrupt and irritating to a user, have an edge effect between the sensor material and the surrounding insole, and are subject to self-cutting Movement in stress shoes is subject to mechanical damage in electrical connections, may be distorted by the contour of the sole, and sensor performance may be affected by humidity and heat, so that the recorded values may not be accurately Reflects the stress experienced by these construction points in an instrumented shoe.

研究人員對於步態分析在一受限系統中使用力敏電阻器(FSR)於五個蹠骨頭部、大腳趾、以及腳跟,但是此系統之線路是過於突兀並且不允許現場測試。範例包含所頒發給哈欽斯(Hutchings)等人之美國專利序號5899963案以及6122960案。 The researchers used a force-sensitive resistor (FSR) on five humeral heads, big toes, and heels in a limited system for a gait analysis, but the system's circuitry was too abrupt and did not allow field testing. Examples include U.S. Patent Nos. 5,891,963 and 6,122,960 issued to Hutchings et al.

其他研究人員已指出對於步態分析需要廉價之鞋內系統以及於一可移動鞋墊中採用三個正交加速計、三個正交迴轉儀、四個力敏電阻器蹠部壓力感測器、二個彎 曲感測器、動態壓力感測器、以及電場高度感測器。步態鞋子(GaitShoe)之目的是1)於步態中使無改變,2)特徵化兩足之移動,3)不受拴鏈,以及4)使用主體之自有的鞋子。於步態鞋子中,FSR被安置在中間(第一)以及側部(第五)蹠骨頭部以及足跟墊的中間及側部。射頻(RF)發送被使用以傳送資料至一電腦。頒發給Asphahani等人之美國專利序號6836744案,包含一相似於步態鞋子之系統。Asphahani同時也揭示可自一鞋子移除的感測器。 Other researchers have pointed out that gait analysis requires an inexpensive in-shoe system and three orthogonal accelerometers, three orthogonal gyroscopes, four force-sensitive resistors, ankle pressure sensors, and a movable insole. Two bends Curved sensors, dynamic pressure sensors, and electric field height sensors. The purpose of GaitShoe is to 1) make no change in gait, 2) characterize the movement of the two feet, 3) not be chained, and 4) use the body's own shoes. In gait shoes, the FSR is placed in the middle (first) and the lateral (fifth) humeral head and the middle and sides of the heel pad. Radio frequency (RF) transmissions are used to transmit data to a computer. U.S. Patent No. 6,683,474 issued to Asphahani et al., which incorporates a system similar to gait shoes. Asphahani also reveals sensors that can be removed from a shoe.

沙查諾夫(Sazonov)等人之美國專利公開第2011/0054359號案,揭示針對重量管理應用的一活動感測器。沙查諾夫揭示,“用以監視重量、姿勢配置、實際活動分類以及能量消耗之一鞋具系統”,明確地包括一加速計、壓力感測裝置以及發送器。於沙查諾夫研究中,來自感測裝置資料無線地被傳送至一控制裝置,例如,一智慧型手機。但是,沙查諾夫揭示以一叢發模式傳送資料至一控制裝置,因而無線網路接收器以及發送器大部分時間可被斷電以減低電力消耗。例如,資料使用一藍牙發送器(例如,藉由耐吉(Nike)之Nike+運動感測器)被發送。叢發模式發送涉及藉由不與感測器同步之接收器所接收的資料。如果有複數個感測器在主體之兩足部之間或在複數個主體之中,則來自各個感測器之資料在時間上是不相關的,並且因此,該資料對於判定身體力學不是非常有用。 U.S. Patent Publication No. 2011/0054359 to Sazonov et al. discloses an activity sensor for weight management applications. Shachanov revealed that "a shoe system for monitoring weight, posture configuration, actual activity classification, and energy consumption" explicitly includes an accelerometer, pressure sensing device, and transmitter. In the Shachanov study, data from the sensing device is wirelessly transmitted to a control device, such as a smart phone. However, Shachanov reveals that data is transmitted to a control device in a burst mode, so that the wireless network receiver and transmitter can be powered down most of the time to reduce power consumption. For example, the data is sent using a Bluetooth transmitter (eg, by Nike's Nike+ motion sensor). The burst mode transmission involves data received by a receiver that is not synchronized with the sensor. If there are multiple sensors between the two legs of the subject or among a plurality of subjects, the data from the various sensors is irrelevant in time, and therefore, the data is not very it works.

先前技術揭示使用FSR、力敏電容器、壓電式轉換器、以及其他構件量測在足部之蹠部表面上的壓力。 但是,超越相對簡單的計步器之儀表化的鞋具系統並不出現在市場上。尤其是,一般認為用於遊戲應用之儀表化鞋子也是未出現在任何文獻上。然而,遊戲應用依賴於外部儀表化平臺,例如,任天堂(Nintendo)Wii平衡板設備以及跳舞革命(DDR)的跳舞墊。 The prior art discloses the use of FSR, force sensitive capacitors, piezoelectric transducers, and other components to measure the pressure on the crotch surface of the foot. However, instrumented footwear systems that go beyond relatively simple pedometers do not appear on the market. In particular, instrumented shoes for gaming applications are generally not considered to be present in any literature. However, gaming applications rely on external instrumentation platforms such as the Nintendo Wii Balance Board device and the Dance Revolution (DDR) dance pad.

一FSR,如於頒發給Eventoff等人(Eventoff I)之美國專利序號4314228中所揭示,其整體配合此處作為參考,是一裝置,其量測經由在藉由於具有一抗阻半導體材料導電材料之各種樣型被印製的二表面之間的一間隔物被產生之一氣體間隙所分隔開的二平行表面之間的接觸量之力。在表面之間的力越大,則氣體間隙越閉合,因而增加在表面之間的實際接觸並且減少裝置之電阻。於一直通模式FSR組態中,兩基片藉由一插接化導電墊被列印以及藉由一半導體FSR材料被套印並且藉由具有一中央洞孔的一間隔層被分隔開而面向彼此,因此導電性藉由在二基片之間的力被建立。於一分流模式FSR組態中,FSR包含藉由一半導體FSR材料被印製的一個基片,以及藉由利用一間隔物被分隔開的叉合電極之二插接化組集被印製的一第二層,因此導電性藉由增加電極與FSR層之接觸力而被建立,因而增加經由半導體材料至其他者之一組電極的導電性。包括一分流模式設計之三層被展示於圖1中。 An FSR, as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,314, 228, issued to, et al. The force of the contact between the two surfaces of the printed two surfaces is created by the amount of contact between the two parallel surfaces separated by a gas gap. The greater the force between the surfaces, the more closed the gas gap, thereby increasing the actual contact between the surfaces and reducing the electrical resistance of the device. In the all-pass mode FSR configuration, the two substrates are printed by a plug-in conductive pad and overprinted by a semiconductor FSR material and are separated by a spacer layer having a central hole Mutual, therefore, conductivity is established by the force between the two substrates. In a shunt mode FSR configuration, the FSR comprises a substrate printed by a semiconductor FSR material and printed by a two-plugged set of fork electrodes separated by a spacer. A second layer, so conductivity is established by increasing the contact force of the electrode with the FSR layer, thereby increasing the conductivity of the electrode via one of the semiconductor materials to the other. The three layers including a split mode design are shown in Figure 1.

介電質材料點可以被安置於一個或另一個表面以防止表面黏一起。空氣間隙必須以某種方式被排出以允許二表面貼合在一起。但是,這會因為商用電阻性材料, 例如二硫化鉬,的電阻特性隨濕度改變而產生問題。因此,一個FSR可能因浸於液體中,例如水,而完全失去作用。 The dots of dielectric material can be placed on one or the other surface to prevent the surfaces from sticking together. The air gap must be drained in some way to allow the two surfaces to fit together. However, this will be due to commercial resistive materials, For example, the resistance characteristics of molybdenum disulfide cause problems with changes in humidity. Therefore, an FSR may be completely ineffective due to immersion in a liquid, such as water.

發明概要 Summary of invention

這概要被提供以介紹簡化形式概念之選擇,其進一步地在下面之詳細說明中被說明。這概要不欲標識出所要求保護的主題的關鍵特徵,也不欲被用來作為在判定所要求保護的主題範圍的輔助。 This summary is provided to introduce a selection of simplified form concepts, which are further described in the detailed description below. This Summary is not intended to identify key features of the claimed subject matter, and is not intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

本發明之一論點判定藉由一主體進行之一活動的二個或更多個特性之方法。該方法包括提供一感測器系統。該感測器系統包含二個各別之足部感測器子系統,各包括選自下列族群的二個或更多個感測器裝置一力感測器、一加速計、以及一迴轉儀。各個足部感測器子系統被組態以產生包含裝置資料被產生之一相對時間的時戳裝置資料。該等足部感測器子系統之各者被組態以被耦合至該主體之一各別的足部。該系統同時也包含一資料處理器系統,其與該等足部感測器子系統之兩者通訊並且被安置而與該等足部感測器子系統之至少一者分離。該方法同時也包含以該時戳裝置資料輸出為基礎而在對於各個足部感測器子系統之活動期間產生時戳活動資料,將對於各個足部感測器子系統之該時戳活動資料通訊至該資料處理器系統,關聯來自各個足部感測器子系統之該時戳活動資料以使用該資料處理器系統而提供關聯活動資料,並且使用該 資料處理器系統以使用該關聯活動資料而判定該主體之活動的二個或更多個特性。 One aspect of the present invention determines a method of performing two or more characteristics of an activity by a subject. The method includes providing a sensor system. The sensor system includes two separate foot sensor subsystems each including two or more sensor devices selected from the following groups: a force sensor, an accelerometer, and a gyroscope . Each foot sensor subsystem is configured to generate time stamp device data containing one of the relative times of generation of the device data. Each of the foot sensor subsystems is configured to be coupled to a respective foot of one of the bodies. The system also includes a data processor system in communication with both of the foot sensor subsystems and positioned to be separated from at least one of the foot sensor subsystems. The method also includes generating time stamp activity data during activity for each foot sensor subsystem based on the time stamp device data output, the time stamp activity data for each foot sensor subsystem Communicating to the data processor system, correlating the time stamp activity data from each foot sensor subsystem to provide associated activity data using the data processor system, and using the The data processor system determines two or more characteristics of the activity of the subject using the associated activity profile.

於一實施例中,各個足部感測器子系統進一步地包含用以導出各個感測器裝置之一時戳的一時脈,其中各時脈是藉由與一主裝置通訊而同步。於另一實施例中,該資料處理器系統包含一顯示裝置。於另一實施例中,該等二個或更多個特性是選自含有平衡、越過一足部之重量分佈、被施加至足部之總重量、被施加至足部之部份重量、足部動作、足部轉動、足部方位、行經距離、足部高度、足部溫度、在足部上之局部性壓力、足部加速度、足部速度、以及在足部移活動期間之動態負載運動之族群。 In one embodiment, each of the foot sensor subsystems further includes a clock for deriving a time stamp of each of the sensor devices, wherein each clock is synchronized by communicating with a master device. In another embodiment, the data processor system includes a display device. In another embodiment, the two or more characteristics are selected from the group consisting of a balance, a weight distribution across a foot, a total weight applied to the foot, a partial weight applied to the foot, and a foot. Movement, foot rotation, foot orientation, travel distance, foot height, foot temperature, local pressure on the foot, foot acceleration, foot speed, and dynamic load motion during foot movement Ethnic group.

於另一實施例中,該資料處理系統被介面於一電子遊戲,例如,一操縱臺遊戲、電腦遊戲、或移動式遊戲。於另一實施例中該感測器系統被介面於一擴音機、耳塞、耳機、或聲音產生裝置以提供至該主體之聽覺回授。該感測器系統被介面於一供負載動作評估之勞動力監控系統。於另一實施例中,該感測器系統被介面於一生物力學分析系統。於另一實施例中,該感測器系統被介面於以及時間關聯於除了足部外之身體部位的另外感測器。 In another embodiment, the data processing system is interfaced to an electronic game, such as a console game, a computer game, or a mobile game. In another embodiment the sensor system is interfaced to a loudspeaker, earbuds, earphones, or sound producing device to provide an audible feedback to the subject. The sensor system is interfaced to a labor monitoring system for load action evaluation. In another embodiment, the sensor system is interfaced to a biomechanical analysis system. In another embodiment, the sensor system is interfaced with and time associated with additional sensors other than the body part of the foot.

於一實施例中,該感測器系統被組態以使用於室內。於另一實施例中,該感測器系統被組態以使用於室外。於一實施例中,該方法包括使用一電腦裝置而轉換該等二個或更多個判定特性成為用以移動一虛擬世界中之一化身的一輸出信號或對應至一鍵盤輸出信號的一輸出信號 之至少一者。於另一實施例中,該感測器系統包括選自含有一全球定位系統、一加速計、一迴轉儀、一慣性導航單元、一力感測器、一剪力感測器、一壓力感測器、壓力感測器陣列、一溫度感測器、一脈搏感測器、以及一血壓感測器之族群的一個或多個另外感測器。於另一實施例中,於一簡化互連組態中,該等感測器子系統之至少一者包括被組態以供用於壓力檢測之複數個數位開關,該等複數個數位開關相鄰於該主體之足部底部被置放,其中該至少一感測器子系統包含一二進制加權階梯式數位-至-類比(D-A)轉換電路。於另一實施例中,該至少一感測器子系統被組態以要求對應至該主體之重量的一力量之施加以致動該等複數個數位開關。 In an embodiment, the sensor system is configured for use indoors. In another embodiment, the sensor system is configured for use outdoors. In one embodiment, the method includes converting the two or more decision characteristics into an output signal for moving an avatar in a virtual world or an output corresponding to a keyboard output signal using a computer device signal At least one of them. In another embodiment, the sensor system includes a sensor selected from the group consisting of a global positioning system, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, an inertial navigation unit, a force sensor, a shear sensor, and a sense of pressure. One or more additional sensors of the detector, the pressure sensor array, a temperature sensor, a pulse sensor, and a population of blood pressure sensors. In another embodiment, in a simplified interconnection configuration, at least one of the sensor subsystems includes a plurality of digital switches configured for pressure detection, the plurality of digital switches being adjacent Placed at the bottom of the foot of the body, wherein the at least one sensor subsystem includes a binary weighted stepped digital-to-analog ratio (DA) conversion circuit. In another embodiment, the at least one sensor subsystem is configured to require application of a force corresponding to the weight of the body to actuate the plurality of digital switches.

於另一論點中,一種力敏基片,其包括具有一第一動態範圍之一第一力敏電阻(FSR)裝置以及具有一第二動態範圍之一第二FSR裝置,其中該第一動態範圍不同於該第二動態範圍。於一實施例中,該力敏基片之該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置各具有二個FSR組態之至少一者:於一分流模式FSR組態中,該FSR包含利用一基片被支持的一半導體材料層、包括一中央洞孔的至少一間隔層、及包括驅動在前述二層之間的一接觸區域之一叉合樣型的電極之第二層;以及於一直通模式FSR組態中,該FSR裝置包含利用一基片被支持的一半導體材料層,以及包括一中央洞孔的至少一間隔層。 In another aspect, a force sensitive substrate includes a first force sensitive resistor (FSR) device having a first dynamic range and a second FSR device having a second dynamic range, wherein the first dynamic The range is different from the second dynamic range. In one embodiment, the first FSR device and the second FSR device of the force sensitive substrate each have at least one of two FSR configurations: in a shunt mode FSR configuration, the FSR includes utilizing a base a layer of semiconductor material supported by the sheet, at least one spacer layer including a central opening, and a second layer comprising electrodes of a fork-like type driving one of the contact regions between the two layers; In a mode FSR configuration, the FSR device includes a layer of semiconductor material supported by a substrate and at least one spacer layer including a central via.

於另一論點中,該力敏基片中,該第一FSR裝 置以及該第二FSR裝置之一者被組態以量測在一部位之一施加力及一位置,其中該等FSR裝置進一步地包括下列之至少一者:一線性電位計FSR,其被組態以量測相對於一平移軸之該部位的一位置且量測在該部位之一力量;一XYZ數化器FSR陣列,其被組態以量測相對於二平移軸之該部位的一位置且量測在該部位之一力量;以及一FSR矩陣陣列,其被組態以量測相對於三平移軸之該部位的一位置且量測在該部位之一力量。 In another argument, in the force sensitive substrate, the first FSR package And one of the second FSR devices is configured to measure a force applied to one of the locations and a position, wherein the FSR devices further comprise at least one of: a linear potentiometer FSR, which is grouped State measuring a position relative to the portion of a translational axis and measuring a force at the location; an XYZ digitizer FSR array configured to measure a portion of the portion relative to the two translational axes Positioning and measuring a force at the location; and an array of FSR matrices configured to measure a position of the portion relative to the three translational axes and measure a force at the location.

於一實施例中,一足部感測裝置,其包括該力敏基片,其中該力敏基片之該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置牢固地被密封在該力敏基片的一主要部分之內,並且其中該力敏基片被組態以當該力敏基片改變形狀時保持該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置牢固地被密封在該力敏基片之內。於一實施例中,該第一FSR裝置之該第一動態範圍以及該第二FSR裝置之該第二動態範圍的至少一者被最佳化,以至於在該第一FSR裝置之該第一動態範圍以及該第二FSR裝置之該第二動態範圍的至少一者之一最小以及一最大輸出電壓之間的差量是大約為二之因數。於另一實施例中,該第一FSR裝置之該第一動態範圍或該第二FSR裝置之該第二動態範圍藉由修改該FSR裝置之下列特性的至少一者而被修改:一FSR之一間隔物厚度;在一FSR的一間隔層中之一中央洞孔的一直徑;一間隔物硬度計(Durometer)硬度;在一FSR的叉合傳導指部之間的一間隔;一FSR之叉合傳導指部的一寬度;電阻層之一厚度; 一傳導指部基片材料之一厚度;一電阻層之一硬度計硬度或一傳導指部基片材料之一硬度計硬度;一電阻層之一薄片電阻;介電質點之一數量;以及一偏壓,其被提供至一FSR以當使用一轉阻抗放大器時動態地改變該FSR之一敏感性。於一實施例中,該第一FSR裝置被組態以量測在一足部上之一第一預定剖析部位的一力量以及該等第二FSR裝置被組態以量測在該足部上之一第二預定剖析部位的一力量。於另一實施例中,該力敏基片包括一第三FSR裝置,其中該第一FSR裝置被組態以量測在第一蹠骨之頭部的一力量,該第二FSR裝置被組態以量測在第五蹠骨之基部的一力量,並且該第三FSR裝置被組態以量測大約在跟骨的一力量。於另一實施例,該力敏基片被調大小並且被組態以匹配一鞋底,一鞋墊、或剖析部位之一樣型。於另一實施例中,該等第一FSR裝置以及第二FSR裝置平行同時地被製造以及被組裝如一單一單元。於另一實施例中,該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置被附著至或被嵌入鞋之鞋底中。於一實施例中,該力敏基片被附著至或被嵌入一鞋墊中。於另一實施例中,該力敏基片被附著至或被嵌入一運動設備片段中。於一實施例中,該運動設備是一頭盔或防護墊。於一實施例中,該運動設備包括一個或多個下列者:一球、一球棒、一高爾夫球桿、一自行車座、一滑雪板、或一滑板。 In one embodiment, a foot sensing device includes the force sensitive substrate, wherein the first FSR device and the second FSR device of the force sensitive substrate are firmly sealed to one of the force sensitive substrates Within the main portion, and wherein the force sensitive substrate is configured to maintain the first FSR device and the second FSR device securely sealed within the force sensitive substrate when the force sensitive substrate changes shape. In one embodiment, at least one of the first dynamic range of the first FSR device and the second dynamic range of the second FSR device is optimized such that the first one of the first FSR devices The difference between the dynamic range and at least one of the second dynamic range of the second FSR device and a maximum output voltage is a factor of two. In another embodiment, the first dynamic range of the first FSR device or the second dynamic range of the second FSR device is modified by modifying at least one of the following characteristics of the FSR device: an FSR a spacer thickness; a diameter of a central hole in a spacer layer of an FSR; a spacer duometer hardness; an interval between the forked conductive fingers of an FSR; an FSR a width of the conductive finger; one of the thickness of the resistive layer; a thickness of one of the conductive finger substrate materials; a durometer hardness of one of the resistive layers or a durometer hardness of one of the conductive finger substrate materials; a sheet resistance of a resistive layer; a quantity of dielectric dots; and a A bias voltage is provided to an FSR to dynamically change one of the FSR sensitivities when using a one-turn impedance amplifier. In one embodiment, the first FSR device is configured to measure a force of a first predetermined profiled portion on a foot and the second FSR device is configured to measure on the foot A second predetermined profile of a portion of the profile. In another embodiment, the force sensitive substrate includes a third FSR device, wherein the first FSR device is configured to measure a force at a head of the first tibia, the second FSR device being configured A force is measured at the base of the fifth metatarsal, and the third FSR device is configured to measure a force about the calcaneus. In another embodiment, the force sensitive substrate is sized and configured to match a shoe sole, an insole, or a profiled portion. In another embodiment, the first FSR device and the second FSR device are fabricated in parallel and assembled as a single unit. In another embodiment, the first FSR device and the second FSR device are attached to or embedded in the sole of the shoe. In one embodiment, the force sensitive substrate is attached to or embedded in an insole. In another embodiment, the force sensitive substrate is attached to or embedded in a motion device segment. In one embodiment, the exercise device is a helmet or a protective pad. In one embodiment, the exercise device includes one or more of the following: a ball, a bat, a golf club, a bicycle seat, a snowboard, or a skateboard.

於一個論點中,一種用以量測一主體之一類比脈搏波形的系統,該系統包括沿著一血管被置放之複數個 力敏電阻器(FSR),其中各FSR被組態以量測由該血管所施加的一力量,其中所量測之血管力量是一血壓特性之表示,並且其中一主體之一類比脈搏波形藉由組合各FSR之所量測血壓特性而被判定。於一個論點中,一種生物特徵感測之方法,其包括藉由比較一使用者之類比脈搏波形與一已知的類比脈搏波形而辨識一系統的使用者。 In one argument, a system for measuring an analog pulse waveform of a subject, the system comprising a plurality of placed along a blood vessel A force sensitive resistor (FSR), wherein each FSR is configured to measure a force applied by the blood vessel, wherein the measured blood vessel strength is a representation of a blood pressure characteristic, and one of the subjects is analogous to the pulse waveform It is determined by combining the measured blood pressure characteristics of the respective FSRs. In one aspect, a method of biometric sensing includes identifying a user of a system by comparing a user's analog pulse waveform to a known analog pulse waveform.

於一實施例中,該系統同時也被組態以判定一足動脈壓力。於另一實施例中,該系統是一個環形物之部份。於另一實施例中,該系統被附帶至一手腕。於另一實施例中,該系統是在可撓性或伸展性的一貼片或一基片上。 In one embodiment, the system is also configured to determine a foot arterial pressure. In another embodiment, the system is part of a ring. In another embodiment, the system is attached to a wrist. In another embodiment, the system is on a patch or a substrate that is flexible or stretchable.

於一個論點中,一種用以判定藉由一主體進行之一活動的二個或更多個特性之系統,該系統包括二個各別的足部感測器子系統,其中該等足部感測器子系統之各者被置放而相鄰至該主體之一各別的足部,並且其中各個足部感測器子系統包括選自含有一力感測器、一加速計、以及一迴轉儀之族群的二個或更多個感測器裝置,其中各個足部感測器子系統被組態以輸出時戳量測資料,其中該輸出的時戳量測資料包含該量測資料被量測之相對時間。該系統進一步地包括一自該等足部感測器子系統之至少一者分離地被安置的處理系統。該等二個各別足部感測器子系統以及該處理系統被組態而彼此通訊資料。該處理系統進一步被組態以進行下列步驟:接收對於各足部感測器子系統之時戳活動資料;關聯對於各個足部感測器子系統之 該時戳活動資料以提供關聯活動資料;並且使用該關聯活動資料以判定該主體之活動的二個或更多個特性。 In one aspect, a system for determining two or more characteristics of an activity by a subject, the system comprising two separate foot sensor subsystems, wherein the sense of foot Each of the detector subsystems is placed adjacent to a respective foot of the body, and wherein each of the foot sensor subsystems is selected from the group consisting of a force sensor, an accelerometer, and a Two or more sensor devices of the group of gyroscopes, wherein each foot sensor subsystem is configured to output time stamp measurement data, wherein the output time stamp measurement data includes the measurement data The relative time measured. The system further includes a processing system that is separately disposed from at least one of the foot sensor subsystems. The two respective foot sensor subsystems and the processing system are configured to communicate with each other. The processing system is further configured to perform the steps of: receiving time stamp activity data for each foot sensor subsystem; associating for each foot sensor subsystem The time stamp activity data is provided to provide associated activity data; and the associated activity data is used to determine two or more characteristics of the activity of the subject.

150‧‧‧標準FSR響應曲線 150‧‧‧Standard FSR response curve

152‧‧‧最佳化FSR響應曲線 152‧‧‧Optimized FSR response curve

154‧‧‧所需的力感測操作範圍 154‧‧‧ Required force sensing operating range

304‧‧‧第一間隔層 304‧‧‧First spacer

305‧‧‧間隔層厚度 305‧‧‧ spacer thickness

306‧‧‧第二間隔層 306‧‧‧Second spacer

307‧‧‧間離層厚度 Separation thickness of 307‧‧

340‧‧‧第三間隔層 340‧‧‧ third spacer

342‧‧‧內徑 342‧‧‧Inner diameter

348‧‧‧內徑 348‧‧‧Inner diameter

346‧‧‧第四間隔層 346‧‧‧fourth spacer

402‧‧‧第一組傳導叉合指部 402‧‧‧First set of conductive fork fingers

404‧‧‧第一間隙 404‧‧‧First gap

412‧‧‧第二組傳導叉合指部 412‧‧‧Second set of conductive fork fingers

414‧‧‧第二間隙 414‧‧‧Second gap

422‧‧‧第三組傳導叉合指部 422‧‧‧The third group of conductive fork fingers

424‧‧‧第一手指寬度 424‧‧‧First finger width

432‧‧‧第四組傳導叉合指部 432‧‧‧Fourth set of conductive fork fingers

434‧‧‧第二手指寬度 434‧‧‧second finger width

442‧‧‧第五組傳導叉合指部 442‧‧‧The fifth group of conductive fork fingers

444‧‧‧介電質點 444‧‧‧ dielectric points

452‧‧‧第六組傳導叉合指部 452‧‧‧The sixth group of conductive fork fingers

454‧‧‧介電質點 454‧‧‧ dielectric points

800‧‧‧穿戴式鞋具感測器系統 800‧‧‧Wearing shoe sensor system

802‧‧‧鞋具 802‧‧‧shoes

808‧‧‧足部感測器子系統 808‧‧‧foot sensor subsystem

810‧‧‧鞋具電子裝置 810‧‧‧Shoes electronic device

812‧‧‧互連 812‧‧‧Interconnection

814‧‧‧鞋墊 814‧‧‧ insole

816、817‧‧‧感測裝置 816, 817‧‧‧ sensing device

822‧‧‧智慧型裝置 822‧‧‧Smart device

824‧‧‧手機 824‧‧‧Mobile

826‧‧‧個人電腦 826‧‧‧PC

861、862、863‧‧‧感測器 861, 862, 863‧‧ ‧ sensors

871、872、873‧‧‧感測器 871, 872, 873‧‧ ‧ sensors

1050‧‧‧膨脹空間 1050‧‧‧Expansion space

1052‧‧‧間隔層邊限列印跡線 1052‧‧‧ interval layer edge line

1210‧‧‧脈搏感測陣列 1210‧‧‧ Pulse Sense Array

1211‧‧‧足背動脈 1211‧‧‧ Back artery

1212、1214、1216‧‧‧壓力感測器 1212, 1214, 1216‧‧‧ pressure sensors

2218‧‧‧自行車座 2218‧‧‧Bicycle seat

2220、2221、2222‧‧‧數化板 2220, 2221, 2222‧‧‧ digitized board

2223‧‧‧互連 2223‧‧‧Interconnection

當結合附圖參考下面的詳細描述時,上述論點和許多本發明的附帶優點將變得更容易理解,其中:圖1例示先前技術之層狀結構分流模式FSR;圖2是依據本揭示各種實施例之一標準FSR及一使最佳化FSR之FSR動態範圍標繪圖;圖3例示依據本揭示各種實施例之之一FSR間隔厚度變化,其可以被使用以修改一FSR之動態範圍;圖4例示依據本揭示各種實施例之被使用以最佳化二組FSR之間間隔內部直徑之變化;圖5例示依據本揭示各種實施例在二組FSR之間傳導叉合指部間隙之變化,其可被使用以最佳化一動態範圍;圖6例示依據本揭示各種實施例在二組FSR傳導叉合指部之間跡線寬度之變化,其可被使用以最佳化一FSR動態範圍;圖7例示依據本揭示各種實施例在二組FSR之間介電質點間隔與數量之變化;圖8例示依據本揭示各種實施例使用一穿戴式鞋具系統以判定重心投射(POCG)或平衡;圖9例示足部為基礎感測器以判定重心投射(POCG)或平衡;圖10例示足部特性,其可以使用圖8所揭示之系統被 判定;圖11例示依據本揭示各種實施例之一足部感測器子系統,其包含感測器致能鞋墊與補墊;圖12是可配合本揭示的各種實施例使用的活動圖形表示;圖13例示力敏電阻可能被置放之足部部位;圖14例示適合於本揭示的各種實施例使用之感測器致能鞋墊;圖15例示依據本揭示之一個或多個實施例,具有空氣間隙排氣至一彈性擴展空間之牢固地被密封FSR;圖16是依據本揭示各種實施例之一個R/2R階梯電阻組態之電路分解圖;圖17是依據本揭示各種實施例之一個二進制加權階梯組態之一電路分解圖;圖18例示沿著血管對齊之力感測器及自該等力感測器收集之脈搏波形範例;圖19是依據本揭示之一個或多個實施例之感測器電子方塊圖;圖20例示一系統,其包含足部感測器子系統以及安置於除了足部之外身體部份之其他的感測器;圖21例示依據本揭示之一個或多個實施例之各種脈搏感測器及足動脈脈搏感測器;圖22例示依據本揭示之實施例之嵌進一足球頭盔的感測器; 圖23例示具有策略地被置放FSR感測器之一自行車座;圖24是依據本揭示之一實施例使用被組態作為一I/O裝置控制器之穿戴式感測器鞋具系統之足部感測器子系統之圖形表示;圖25是可以配合本揭示實施例使用之室外遊戲應用圖形表示;以及圖26例示依據本揭示之一個或多個實施例之包含FSR的各種運動設備實施例。 The above discussion and many of the attendant advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent from the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art layered structure split mode FSR; FIG. 2 is a various implementation in accordance with the present disclosure. An example of a standard FSR and an FSR dynamic range plot that optimizes the FSR; Figure 3 illustrates a variation in FSR spacing thickness in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure, which can be used to modify the dynamic range of an FSR; Various embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure are used to optimize variations in the internal diameter of the spacing between two sets of FSRs; FIG. 5 illustrates changes in the conduction of interdigitated finger gaps between two sets of FSRs in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure, Can be used to optimize a dynamic range; Figure 6 illustrates variations in trace width between two sets of FSR conductive interdigitated fingers in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure, which can be used to optimize an FSR dynamic range; 7 illustrates changes in dielectric dot spacing and number between two sets of FSRs in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure; FIG. 8 illustrates the use of a wearable footwear system to determine center of gravity projection (POCG) in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Or balancing; Figure 9 illustrates a foot as a base sensor to determine center of gravity projection (POCG) or balance; Figure 10 illustrates foot characteristics that can be used with the system disclosed in Figure 8 Decision; FIG. 11 illustrates a foot sensor subsystem including sensor-enabled insoles and pads in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure; FIG. 12 is an active graphical representation that can be used in conjunction with various embodiments of the present disclosure; 13 illustrates a foot portion where a force sensitive resistor may be placed; FIG. 14 illustrates a sensor enabled insole suitable for use with various embodiments of the present disclosure; FIG. 15 illustrates air with air in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure The gap is vented to a resilient expansion space that is securely sealed by the FSR; FIG. 16 is an exploded view of an R/2R ladder resistor configuration in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure; FIG. 17 is a binary in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. An exploded view of one of the weighted ladder configurations; FIG. 18 illustrates a force sensor aligned along a blood vessel and an example of a pulse waveform collected from the force sensors; FIG. 19 is an embodiment in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure Sensor electronic block diagram; FIG. 20 illustrates a system including a foot sensor subsystem and other sensors disposed in a body portion other than the foot; FIG. 21 illustrates one or more of the present disclosure Various pulse sensor and artery pulse sensor foot of Example embodiment; FIG. 22 illustrates the embedded according to the present disclosed embodiment of a football helmet sensor embodiment; 23 illustrates a bicycle seat strategically placed with an FSR sensor; FIG. 24 is a wearable sensor shoe system configured to be an I/O device controller in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; Graphical representation of the foot sensor subsystem; FIG. 25 is a graphical representation of an outdoor game application that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure; and FIG. 26 illustrates various motion device implementations including FSR in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. example.

詳細說明 Detailed description

雖例示的實施例已經例示且被說明,但可以理解,可以進行各種改變而不脫離本發明的精神和範圍。 While the exemplified embodiments have been illustrated and described, it is understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

圖2展示用於最佳化FSR力響應曲線的圖形。標準FSR響應曲線150及最佳化FSR響應曲線152包含於圖形中。一所需的力感測操作範圍154同時也包含於圖2中。具有操作範圍在所需的力感測操作範圍154之下的一標準FSR,例如標準FSR響應曲線150所展示,將實際上作用如導通-切斷開關。具有操作範圍在所需的力感測操作範圍154之上的一FSR,對於一所給予的力改變將在電阻具有不足之改變。如利用最佳化FSR響應曲線152所展示,當一FSR之動態範圍對於預期力操作範圍被最佳化時,在預期力操作範圍之內力量之間電阻有一可量測的顯著差異。 Figure 2 shows a graph for optimizing the FSR force response curve. The standard FSR response curve 150 and the optimized FSR response curve 152 are included in the graph. A desired force sensing operating range 154 is also included in FIG. A standard FSR having an operating range below the desired force sensing operating range 154, such as shown by the standard FSR response curve 150, will actually act as a turn-off switch. An FSR having an operating range above the desired force sensing operating range 154 will have insufficient changes in resistance for a given force change. As demonstrated by the optimized FSR response curve 152, when the dynamic range of an FSR is optimized for the expected force operating range, there is a measurable significant difference in resistance between forces within the expected force operating range.

在一個FSR設計中,有些特定的FSR參數,其可 能被修改以改變裝置的可測量的動態和靜態力的範圍。尤其是,下面的參數對於一個給定的固定致動器於改變分流模式FSR感測器具有很大影響:間隔層厚度、間隔層內徑、間隔材料之間隔層硬度(一般硬度等級)、傳導叉合指部之間隙或間隔、傳導叉合指部之寬度、被使用於半導體材料及傳導指部之材料、半導體材料聚合物基片之厚度、傳導叉合指部硬度、FSR材料薄片電阻、介電質點之存在與數量、介電質點間隔、介電質點厚度、及偏壓場之存在或不存在。應了解,修改其他的FSR性質可以被使用以依據目前已知或稍後產生技術而最佳化動態響應。同時也可了解,修改一FSR或其之一個性質可以藉由簡單地以具有特定的性質或特性之另一FSR取代一個FSR而達成。 In an FSR design, there are some specific FSR parameters, which can Can be modified to change the range of measurable dynamic and static forces of the device. In particular, the following parameters have a significant impact on changing the shunt mode FSR sensor for a given fixed actuator: spacer thickness, spacer inner diameter, spacer layer hardness (general hardness level), conduction The gap or spacing of the interdigitated fingers, the width of the conductive interdigitated fingers, the material used for the semiconductor material and the conductive fingers, the thickness of the semiconductor material polymer substrate, the conductivity of the conductive interdigitated fingers, the FSR material sheet resistance, The presence or absence of dielectric dots and the number, dielectric dot spacing, dielectric dot thickness, and bias field presence or absence. It should be appreciated that modifying other FSR properties can be used to optimize dynamic response based on currently known or later generated techniques. It is also understood that modifying an FSR or one of its properties can be achieved by simply replacing an FSR with another FSR having a particular property or characteristic.

圖3和4顯示不同的FSR間隔層。特別地,圖3示出了具有間隔層厚度305的第一間隔層304和具有間離層厚度307的第二間隔層306。間隔層厚度305、307之幅度不同。由於不同的間隔厚度,包含間隔層304之一FSR將具有不同於包含間隔層306之一FSR的動態範圍性質。依據待量測力量幅度藉由使用具有間隔厚度305及307的任一者之一FSR,一動態範圍可被最佳化,如配合圖2所討論。 Figures 3 and 4 show different FSR spacer layers. In particular, FIG. 3 shows a first spacer layer 304 having a spacer layer thickness 305 and a second spacer layer 306 having a spacer thickness 307. The thickness of the spacer layers 305, 307 is different. Due to the different spacing thicknesses, one of the FSRs comprising the spacer layer 304 will have a different dynamic range property than the FSR comprising one of the spacer layers 306. A dynamic range can be optimized by using one of the FSRs having any of the spacing thicknesses 305 and 307 depending on the magnitude of the force to be measured, as discussed in connection with FIG.

圖4展示具有一內徑342之一第三間隔層340及具有一內徑348之一第四間隔層346。該等間隔層340及346包含一氣隙,其可被使用以舒緩壓力如圖所示,內徑342、348具有不同的幅度。如上面配合圖2之討論,基於在內徑342、348之間的差異,使用第三間隔層340之FSR將具有不 同於包含第四間隔層346之FSR的動態範圍。一FSR之動態範圍可以使用不同內徑的間隔層而最佳化。 4 shows a third spacer layer 340 having an inner diameter 342 and a fourth spacer layer 346 having an inner diameter 348. The spacer layers 340 and 346 include an air gap that can be used to relieve pressure as shown, with inner diameters 342, 348 having different amplitudes. As discussed above in conjunction with FIG. 2, based on the difference between the inner diameters 342, 348, the FSR using the third spacer layer 340 will have no Same as the dynamic range of the FSR including the fourth spacer layer 346. The dynamic range of an FSR can be optimized using spacer layers of different inner diameters.

圖5展示具有一第一間隙404之一第一組傳導叉合指部402及具有不同於該第一間隙404之一第二間隙414之第二組傳導叉合指部412。使用第一間隙404之一FSR將具有不同於具有該第二間隙414之一FSR的動態範圍。一動態範圍可使用具有一特定間隙的傳導叉合指部之一FSR以上下移動動態範圍而最佳化。在叉合指部之間的間隔同時也可以如間隙之相似方式對於一FSR被修改而修改一FSR之動態範圍。 5 shows a first set of conductive interdigitated fingers 402 having a first gap 404 and a second set of conductive interdigitated fingers 412 having a second gap 414 different from the first gap 404. Using one of the first gaps 404, the FSR will have a different dynamic range than having one of the second gaps 414. A dynamic range can be optimized using one of the conductive interdigitated fingers having a particular gap to move the dynamic range above and below the FSR. The spacing between the fingers can also modify the dynamic range of an FSR for a FSR to be modified in a similar manner as the gap.

圖6展示具有一第一手指寬度424之一第三組傳導叉合指部422及具有一第二手指寬度434之第四組傳導叉合指部432。使用該第二手指寬度434之一FSR將具有不同於包含第一手指寬度424之一FSR的動態範圍。一些實施例可基於利用具有不同的手指寬度之一組傳導叉合指部而包含被修改動態範圍之FSR。 6 shows a third set of conductive interdigitated fingers 422 having a first finger width 424 and a fourth set of conductive interdigitated fingers 432 having a second finger width 434. Using one of the second finger widths 434, the FSR will have a different dynamic range than the FSR containing one of the first finger widths 424. Some embodiments may be based on the inclusion of a modified dynamic range FSR using a set of conductive interdigitated fingers having different finger widths.

圖7展示具有一第一厚度與數量之介電質點444之第五組傳導叉合指部442,及具有第二第一厚度與數量之介電質點454之第六組傳導叉合指部452與第二傳導叉合指部454。一FSR之動態範圍可以使用不同的厚度與數量之介電質點被修改,例如第一及第二厚度與數量之介電質點444、454。 7 shows a fifth set of conductive interdigitated fingers 442 having a first thickness and number of dielectric dots 444, and a sixth set of conductive interdigitated fingers 452 having a second first thickness and number of dielectric dots 454. The finger 454 is crossed with the second conduction. The dynamic range of an FSR can be modified using different thicknesses and numbers of dielectric dots, such as first and second thicknesses and numbers of dielectric dots 444, 454.

複數個FSR可被結合於一單一印製裝置,尤其是矩陣或陣列的形式。特別是一維和二維的FSR的陣列可 以被組態以測量力量在一維或二維的位置同時測量力量本身,以形成分別線性電位計和XYZ數化板,如頒發給Eventoff等人(Eventoff II)之美國專利號4739299中所述。 A plurality of FSRs can be combined in a single printed device, especially in the form of a matrix or array. In particular, arrays of 1D and 2D FSRs are available. The force itself is configured to measure the force in one or two dimensions at the same time to form a separate linear potentiometer and an XYZ numbering plate, as described in U.S. Patent No. 4,739,299, issued to, et. .

一穿戴式鞋具感測器系統800被展示於圖8。穿戴式鞋具感測器系統800包含鞋具802、足部感測器子系統808、主裝置,例如一智慧型錶822、移動式電子式裝置824、或個人電腦826。該足部感測器子系統808包含感測器-致能鞋墊或補墊814、可以配置在鞋具802之內或之上的鞋具電子810、及連接該鞋具電子810至感測器-致能鞋墊或補墊814中之感測裝置816、817之互連812。因此,鞋具電子810接線至感測裝置816、817。感測裝置816、817可以包含在感測器-致能鞋墊或可塞補式裝置814之內或之上。感測裝置816、817可以包含FSR或其他的型式感測器,例如,壓電式感測器。 A wearable shoe sensor system 800 is shown in FIG. The wearable footwear sensor system 800 includes a footwear 802, a foot sensor subsystem 808, a host device, such as a smart watch 822, a mobile electronic device 824, or a personal computer 826. The foot sensor subsystem 808 includes a sensor-enabled insole or pad 814, a shoe electronics 810 that can be disposed within or on the shoe 802, and a connection to the shoe electronics 810 to the sensor - Enable interconnection 812 of sensing devices 816, 817 in insole or pad 814. Thus, the shoe electronics 810 are wired to the sensing devices 816, 817. Sensing devices 816, 817 can be included within or on the sensor-enabled insole or plug-in device 814. Sensing devices 816, 817 can include FSR or other type sensors, such as piezoelectric sensors.

於一些實施例中,鞋具電子810包含或可以通訊式耦合至另外的感測器,例如一個或多個加速計。如在下面更詳細說明,鞋具電子810與該主裝置被組態以經由適當的通訊模組彼此通訊。於一些實施例中,藍牙標準被使用於在鞋具電子810與一個或多個主裝置之間無線通訊。但是,應了解,其他型式的無線通訊標準或協定及相關的硬體,目前已知或稍後產生者,可以被使用以提供在鞋具電子810與主裝置之間的無線通訊。於一些實施例中,該主裝置被組態以提供用於鞋具電子810之時脈同步。該主裝置可以包含,例如,一錶、頭部上顯示、玻璃顯示、智 慧型手機、個人數位助理、電腦(平板電腦、膝上型電腦、桌上型,等等.)、MP3或MP4播放機、電視、其他的微處理器內含裝置、其他的顯示內含裝置或其他的相似裝置。 In some embodiments, the footwear electronics 810 include or can be communicatively coupled to additional sensors, such as one or more accelerometers. As explained in more detail below, the footwear electronics 810 and the host device are configured to communicate with each other via a suitable communication module. In some embodiments, the Bluetooth standard is used to wirelessly communicate between the shoe electronics 810 and one or more host devices. However, it should be appreciated that other types of wireless communication standards or protocols and associated hardware, currently known or later produced, can be used to provide wireless communication between the footwear electronics 810 and the host device. In some embodiments, the primary device is configured to provide clock synchronization for the footwear electronics 810. The main device can include, for example, a watch, a head display, a glass display, and a smart Hui mobile phone, personal digital assistant, computer (tablet, laptop, desktop, etc.), MP3 or MP4 player, TV, other microprocessor embedded devices, other display embedded devices Or other similar devices.

於一個論點中,一種判定藉由一主體進行之一活動的二個或更多個特性之方法包括提供一感測器系統,例如被展示於圖8中之穿戴式鞋子感測器系統。該感測器系統包含二個各別之足部感測器子系統808,各包括選自含有一力感測器、一加速計、以及一迴轉儀之族群的二個或更多個感測器裝置,其中各個足部感測器子系統被組態以產生包含裝置資料被產生之一相對時間的時戳裝置資料,其中該等足部感測器子系統之各者被組態以被耦合至該主體之一各別的足部。所提供之感測器系統同時也包含一資料處理器系統,其與該等足部感測器子系統之兩者通訊並且被安置而與該等足部感測器子系統之至少一者分離。該資料處理器系統包含任何電子式裝置,例如配合圖8討論之主裝置。該資料處理器系統可以也包含彼此通訊之多於一個電子式裝置。該方法同時也包括以該時戳裝置資料輸出為基礎而在對於各個足部感測器子系統之活動期間產生時戳活動資料,將對於各個足部感測器子系統之該時戳活動資料通訊至該資料處理器系統,關聯來自各個足部感測器子系統之該時戳活動資料以使用該資料處理器系統而提供關聯活動資料,並且使用該資料處理器系統以使用該關聯活動資料而判定該主體之活動的二個或更多個特 性。 In one aspect, a method of determining two or more characteristics of an activity by a subject includes providing a sensor system, such as the wearable shoe sensor system shown in FIG. The sensor system includes two separate foot sensor subsystems 808 each including two or more sensing selected from the group consisting of a force sensor, an accelerometer, and a gyroscope Device, wherein each foot sensor subsystem is configured to generate time stamp device data including one of the relative time of generation of device data, wherein each of the foot sensor subsystems is configured to be Coupled to each of the respective feet of the body. The sensor system provided also includes a data processor system in communication with and coupled to at least one of the foot sensor subsystems . The data processor system includes any electronic device, such as the primary device discussed in connection with FIG. The data processor system can also include more than one electronic device in communication with each other. The method also includes generating time stamp activity data during activity for each foot sensor subsystem based on the time stamp device data output, the time stamp activity data for each foot sensor subsystem Communicating to the data processor system, correlating the time stamp activity data from each foot sensor subsystem to provide associated activity data using the data processor system, and using the data processor system to use the associated activity data And two or more specialties that determine the activity of the subject Sex.

於一個論點中,各個足部感測器子系統進一步包括用以導出各個感測器裝置之一時戳的一時脈,其中各時脈是藉由與一主裝置通訊而同步。該資料處理器系統可以包含該主裝置。於另一論點中,該資料處理器系統包含一顯示裝置。於另一論點中,該等二個或更多個特性是選自含有平衡、越過一足部之重量分佈、被施加至足部之總重量、被施加至足部之部份重量、足部動作、足部轉動、足部方位、行經距離、足部高度、足部溫度、在足部上之局部性壓力、足部加速度、足部速度、以及在足部移活動期間之動態負載運動之族群。如下面更詳細之討論,在另一論點中,該資料處理系統被介面於一電子遊戲,例如,一操縱臺遊戲、電腦遊戲、或移動式遊戲如下面更詳細之討論,在另一論點中,該感測器系統被介面於一擴音機、耳塞、耳機、或聲音產生裝置以提供至該主體之聽覺回授。於另一論點中,該感測器系統被介面於一供負載動作評估之勞動力監控系統。再於另一論點中,如下面更詳細之討論,該感測器系統被介面於一生物力學分析系統。再於另一論點中,如下面更詳細之討論,該感測器系統被介面於以及時間關聯於除了足部外之身體部位的另外感測器,例如圖20所展示。再於另一論點中,該感測器系統被組態以使用於室內。再於另一論點中,該感測器系統被組態以使用於室外。例如,電子電路可以被覆蓋著及/或感測器裝置可以部份地或完全地牢固地被密封,例如圖11中 所展示。於另一論點中,該方法進一步地包括使用一電腦裝置而轉換該等二個或更多個判定特性成為用以移動一虛擬世界中之一化身的一輸出信號,例如圖25所展示,或對應至一鍵盤輸出信號的一輸出信號,例如圖24所展示,之至少一者。 In one aspect, each of the foot sensor subsystems further includes a clock for deriving a time stamp of each of the sensor devices, wherein each clock is synchronized by communicating with a master device. The data processor system can include the primary device. In another aspect, the data processor system includes a display device. In another aspect, the two or more characteristics are selected from the group consisting of a balance, a weight distribution across a foot, a total weight applied to the foot, a partial weight applied to the foot, and a foot motion. , foot rotation, foot orientation, travel distance, foot height, foot temperature, local pressure on the foot, foot acceleration, foot speed, and dynamic load movement during foot movement . As discussed in more detail below, in another aspect, the data processing system is interfaced to an electronic game, such as a console game, computer game, or mobile game, as discussed in more detail below, in another discussion. The sensor system is interfaced to a loudspeaker, earbuds, earphones, or sound producing device to provide an audible feedback to the subject. In another argument, the sensor system is interfaced to a labor monitoring system for load action evaluation. In yet another argument, the sensor system is interfaced to a biomechanical analysis system as discussed in more detail below. In yet another argument, as discussed in more detail below, the sensor system is interfaced and time correlated with additional sensors other than the body portion of the foot, such as shown in FIG. In yet another argument, the sensor system is configured for use indoors. In yet another argument, the sensor system is configured for use outdoors. For example, the electronic circuitry can be covered and/or the sensor device can be partially or completely securely sealed, such as in FIG. Shown. In another aspect, the method further includes converting the two or more decision characteristics into an output signal for moving an avatar in a virtual world using a computer device, such as shown in FIG. 25, or An output signal corresponding to a keyboard output signal, such as at least one of those shown in FIG.

於另一論點中,該感測器系統,例如感測器系統800,進一步地包括選自含有一全球定位系統、一加速計、一迴轉儀、一慣性導航單元、一力感測器、一剪力感測器、一壓力感測器、壓力感測器陣列、一溫度感測器、一脈搏感測器、以及一血壓感測器之族群的一個或多個另外感測器。於另一論點中,於一簡化互連組態中,該等感測器子系統之至少一者包括被組態以供用於壓力檢測之複數個數位開關,該等複數個數位開關相鄰於該主體之足部底部被置放,其中該至少一感測器子系統包含一二進制加權階梯式數位-至-類比(D-A)轉換電路。於另一論點中,該至少一感測器子系統被組態以要求對應至該主體之重量的一力量之施加以致動該等複數個數位開關。 In another aspect, the sensor system, such as the sensor system 800, further includes a device selected from the group consisting of a global positioning system, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, an inertial navigation unit, a force sensor, and a A shear sensor, a pressure sensor, a pressure sensor array, a temperature sensor, a pulse sensor, and one or more additional sensors of a population of blood pressure sensors. In another aspect, in a simplified interconnection configuration, at least one of the sensor subsystems includes a plurality of digital switches configured for pressure detection, the plurality of digital switches being adjacent to The bottom of the foot of the body is placed, wherein the at least one sensor subsystem includes a binary weighted stepped digital-to-analog ratio (DA) conversion circuit. In another aspect, the at least one sensor subsystem is configured to require application of a force corresponding to the weight of the body to actuate the plurality of digital switches.

藍牙協定不固有地提供此同步。多數現有技術之身體追蹤及健身裝置使用被安置於臂部之裝置。被使用以描述臂部感測器為基礎之身體動力學與運動學之座標系統因被安置於感測捕捉點,亦即,在手腕感測器,而是欠明確的。於本揭示上述實施例中,身體座標系統是局限於其中資料捕捉發生之人類足底。這安置系統減低在描述人類身體動作座標系統之間計算與更正之誤差。 The Bluetooth protocol does not inherently provide this synchronization. Most prior art body tracking and exercise devices use devices that are placed in the arms. The coordinate system used to describe the body dynamics and kinematics based on the arm sensor is placed at the sensing capture point, ie, at the wrist sensor, but is unclear. In the above embodiments of the present disclosure, the body coordinate system is limited to the human sole in which data capture occurs. This placement system reduces errors in calculations and corrections that describe the human body's motion coordinate system.

圖9展示鞋子為基礎之感測器如何可以判定重心投射(POCG)。尤其是,藉由使用來自感測器861、862、863、871、872、及873於一靜止位置上之量測,那些空間力的向量總和被計算且被置於由各感測器位置所界定之凸多邊形區域的質心。藉由取得一靜止位置之一啟始量測,因為沿足軸的多邊形的對稱性,該POCG之一基線被界定,因而不需要兩腳之間的長度分離。接下來,在每個感測器由於動作或重心移動之力量改變被使用以重新計算空間力的向量總和且該等數值被使用,例如三角測量計算,以改變基線多邊形上POCG的位置。 Figure 9 shows how a shoe-based sensor can determine the center of gravity projection (POCG). In particular, by using measurements from sensors 861, 862, 863, 871, 872, and 873 at a rest position, the sum of those spatial forces is calculated and placed at each sensor location. The centroid of the convex polygon area defined. By taking one of the rest positions to initiate the measurement, one of the POCG baselines is defined because of the symmetry of the polygon along the foot axis, thus eliminating the need for length separation between the two feet. Next, the force change at each sensor due to motion or center of gravity movement is used to recalculate the vector sum of spatial forces and the values are used, such as triangulation calculations, to change the position of the POCG on the baseline polygon.

穿戴式鞋具感測系統800可以被使用以提供足部之二個或更多個特性,例如,但是不受限制於,在每個足部上在各個局部的解剖位置的足部壓力、於一個足部之重量分佈、施加到足部的總重量、施加到足部之部分重量、足部的剪切力、平衡、POCG動作、主體動作、足部方位、足部高度、足部之移動與速率、足部之轉動、足部之加速度、主體行經距離、足部溫度、在足部動作期間之動態負載移動、及在複數個主體之足部間這些特性之差量。 The wearable footwear sensing system 800 can be used to provide two or more characteristics of the foot, such as, but not limited to, foot pressure at each localized anatomical location on each foot, Weight distribution of a foot, total weight applied to the foot, partial weight applied to the foot, shear force of the foot, balance, POCG action, body motion, foot orientation, foot height, foot movement The difference between the rate, the rotation of the foot, the acceleration of the foot, the distance traveled by the subject, the temperature of the foot, the dynamic load movement during the movement of the foot, and the characteristics of the foot of the plurality of bodies.

圖10展示可以使用本揭示實施例被判定之活動特性。於一些實施例中,被展示於圖10中之活動特性可以使用下列二組不同的型式感測器藉由穿戴式鞋具感測器系統800而被判定:判定足底上力與壓力之感測器;及量測移動與位置之感測器。如上所述,後者可以被置放相鄰於鞋具電子810。圖12概念上展示這些的活動。一主體之兩 足部被監控以判定平衡。 Figure 10 shows the activity characteristics that can be determined using the disclosed embodiments. In some embodiments, the activity characteristics shown in FIG. 10 can be determined by the wearable footwear sensor system 800 using two different sets of type sensors: determining the force and pressure on the sole a detector; and a sensor for measuring movement and position. As mentioned above, the latter can be placed adjacent to the shoe electronics 810. Figure 12 conceptually shows these activities. Two of the main bodies The foot is monitored to determine the balance.

足部感測器子系統808可以包含使用數位(例如,開關)及/或類比電路之各種感測器技術。數位感測技術較簡單,但是通常數位感測技術僅允許來自各開關之一單一導通-切斷輸入。相對地,類比感測器允許連續地可變輸入,其可較佳地適用於一些遊戲,其中量測加速度、不同的高度與長度之跳躍、各種強度之擺動與打擊,以及檢測物理的活動,例如踏步、走路、跑、等等。類比技術可以較佳地用於量測一主體之穩態力輸入或動態加速度輸入。 Foot sensor subsystem 808 can include various sensor technologies that use digital (eg, switches) and/or analog circuits. Digital sensing technology is simpler, but typically digital sensing technology allows only a single turn-on-off input from one of the switches. In contrast, analog sensors allow for continuously variable input, which is preferably applicable to games where measurement acceleration, different height and length jumps, swings and blows of various intensities, and detection of physical activity, For example, walking, walking, running, and so on. Analogy techniques can be preferably used to measure the steady state force input or dynamic acceleration input of a subject.

力/壓力感測器 Force/pressure sensor

用於量測力及/或壓力之感測器技術包含,但是不受限制於,下面的穩態與動態感測器:薄電氣開關,其反應於垂直壓力(數位)、FSR、彈性傳導複合物、力敏電容器(穩態)、壓電式材料與裝置(動態)、壓電式陶瓷、壓電式複合物、壓電式單一晶體、壓電式外延膜、壓電式聚合物、聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、共聚合物,例如聚(偏二氟乙烯-三氟乙烯)(P(VDF-TrFE))、磁感測器,其中一磁場由各種裝置所感應(穩態或動態)、機械感測器,其中來自一個磁體的場變化氣隙壓縮、磁致伸縮感測器,其中一力轉換成一磁場、力感測光學材料與裝置,例如光纖布拉格光柵(FBG),其能夠修改在光纖或其它光學裝置的信號(穩態或動態),或任何能夠量測一力且轉換其成為一電氣信號的其他技術。這些感測器可以被偏壓以要求一臨限重量, 例如主體的重量,以便被致動。 Sensor technology for measuring force and/or pressure includes, but is not limited to, the following steady state and dynamic sensors: thin electrical switches that react to vertical pressure (digital), FSR, elastic conduction composite , force-sensitive capacitors (steady state), piezoelectric materials and devices (dynamic), piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric composites, piezoelectric single crystals, piezoelectric epitaxial films, piezoelectric polymers, poly Divinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a copolymer, such as poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)), a magnetic sensor in which a magnetic field is induced by various devices (steady state or Dynamic), a mechanical sensor in which a field-changing air-gap compression from a magnet, a magnetostrictive sensor, wherein a force is converted into a magnetic field, force-sensing optical material and device, such as a fiber Bragg grating (FBG), It is possible to modify the signal (steady or dynamic) in a fiber or other optical device, or any other technology that can measure a force and convert it into an electrical signal. These sensors can be biased to require a threshold weight, For example, the weight of the body is to be actuated.

於一個論點中,一力敏基片包括具有一第一動態範圍之一第一力敏電阻(FSR)裝置以及具有一第二動態範圍之一第二FSR裝置。如配合圖2之討論,該動態範圍可基於一所需的力感測範圍被最佳化。該力敏基片,例如,可以包含圖8之補墊或感測器-致能鞋墊814或被展示於圖11與14中的各種其他補墊/鞋墊。於一個論點中,力敏基片中該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置各具有二個FSR組態之至少一者:(a)於一分流模式FSR組態中,該FSR包含利用一基片被支持的一半導體材料層、包括一中央洞孔的至少一間隔層、及包括驅動在前述二層之間的一接觸區域之一叉合樣型的電極之第二層;以及(b)於一直通模式FSR組態中,該FSR包含利用一基片被支持的一半導體材料層,以及包括一中央洞孔的一間隔層。於一個論點中,該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置之一者被組態以量測在一部位之一施加力及一位置,其中該等FSR裝置進一步地包括下列之至少一者:(a)一線性電位計FSR,其被組態以量測相對於一平移軸之該部位的一位置且量測在該部位之一力量;(b)一XYZ數化器FSR陣列,其被組態以量測相對於二平移軸之該部位的一位置且量測在該部位之一力量;以及(c)一FSR矩陣陣列,其被組態以量測相對於三平移軸之該部位的一位置且量測在該部位之一力量。 In one aspect, a force sensitive substrate includes a first force sensitive resistor (FSR) device having a first dynamic range and a second FSR device having a second dynamic range. As discussed in conjunction with FIG. 2, the dynamic range can be optimized based on a desired force sensing range. The force sensitive substrate, for example, may comprise the pad or sensor-enabled insole 814 of Figure 8 or various other pads/insoles as shown in Figures 11 and 14. In one aspect, the first FSR device and the second FSR device each have at least one of two FSR configurations in the force sensitive substrate: (a) in a shunt mode FSR configuration, the FSR includes utilizing one a layer of semiconductor material supported by the substrate, at least one spacer layer including a central via, and a second layer comprising electrodes of a fork-like type that drives a contact region between the two layers; and (b) In the all-pass mode FSR configuration, the FSR includes a layer of semiconductor material supported by a substrate and a spacer layer including a central via. In one aspect, the first FSR device and one of the second FSR devices are configured to measure a force applied to a location and a location, wherein the FSR devices further comprise at least one of: (a) a linear potentiometer FSR configured to measure a position of the portion relative to a translation axis and measure a force at the portion; (b) an XYZ digitizer FSR array, which is Configuring to measure a position relative to the portion of the two translation axes and to measure a force at the location; and (c) an FSR matrix array configured to measure the portion relative to the three translation axes One position and measure the strength of one of the parts.

於一個論點中,一足部穿戴感測裝置包括該力敏基片,其中該力敏基片之該第一FSR裝置以及該第二 FSR裝置牢固地被密封在該力敏基片的一主要部分之內,並且其中該力敏基片被組態以當該力敏基片改變形狀時保持該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置牢固地被密封在該力敏基片之內。於另一論點中,該第一FSR裝置之該第一動態範圍以及該第二FSR裝置之該第二動態範圍的至少一者被最佳化,例如圖2所展示,以至於在該第一FSR裝置之該第一動態範圍以及該第二FSR裝置之該第二動態範圍的至少一者之一最小以及一最大輸出電壓之間的差量是大約為二之因數。 In one aspect, a foot worn sensing device includes the force sensitive substrate, wherein the first FSR device of the force sensitive substrate and the second The FSR device is securely sealed within a major portion of the force sensitive substrate, and wherein the force sensitive substrate is configured to retain the first FSR device and the second FSR when the force sensitive substrate changes shape The device is securely sealed within the force sensitive substrate. In another aspect, at least one of the first dynamic range of the first FSR device and the second dynamic range of the second FSR device is optimized, such as shown in FIG. 2, such that at the first The difference between at least one of the first dynamic range of the FSR device and the second dynamic range of the second FSR device and a maximum output voltage is a factor of about two.

於另一論點中,如配合圖2-7所討論,該第一FSR裝置之該第一動態範圍或該第二FSR裝置之該第二動態範圍藉由修改該FSR裝置之下列特性的至少一者而被修改:一FSR之一間隔物厚度;在一FSR的一間隔層中之一中央洞孔的一直徑;一間隔物硬度計(Durometer)硬度;在一FSR的叉合傳導指部之間的一間隔;一FSR之叉合傳導指部的一寬度;電阻層之一厚度;一傳導指部基片材料之一厚度;一電阻層之一硬度計硬度或一傳導指部基片材料之一硬度計硬度;一電阻層之一薄片電阻;介電質點之一數量;以及一偏壓,其被提供至一FSR以當使用一轉阻抗放大器時動態地改變該FSR之一敏感性。於另一論點中,該第一FSR裝置被組態以量測在一足部上之一第一預定剖析部位的一力量以及該等第二FSR裝置被組態以量測在該足部上之一第二預定剖析部位的一力量,例如配合圖8、9、13及14所展示及討論。於另一論點中,該力敏基片進 一步包括一第三FSR裝置,其中該第一FSR裝置被組態以量測在第一蹠骨之頭部的一力量,該第二FSR裝置被組態以量測在第五蹠骨之基部的一力量,並且該第三FSR裝置被組態以量測大約在跟骨的一力量。於另一論點中,該力敏基片被調大小並且被組態以匹配一鞋底,一鞋墊、或剖析部位之一樣型。於另一論點中,該等第一FSR裝置以及第二FSR裝置平行同時地被製造以及被組裝如一單一單元。於另一論點中,該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置被附著至或被嵌入鞋之鞋底中。於另一論點中,該力敏基片被附著至或被嵌入一鞋墊中。於另一論點中,該力敏基片被附著至或被嵌入一運動設備片段中,例如配合圖22、23、及26所展示及討論。尤其是,該運動設備可以是一個或多個下列者:一球、一球棒、一高爾夫球桿、一自行車座、一滑雪板、及一滑板。 In another aspect, as discussed in conjunction with FIGS. 2-7, the first dynamic range of the first FSR device or the second dynamic range of the second FSR device is modified by modifying at least one of the following characteristics of the FSR device Modified: a spacer thickness of one FSR; a diameter of one of the central holes in a spacer layer of the FSR; a hardness of a Durometer; a cross-conducting finger of an FSR An interval between the FSR; a width of the conductive finger of the FSR; a thickness of one of the resistive layers; a thickness of one of the conductive finger substrate materials; a durometer hardness of a resistive layer or a conductive finger substrate material One of the durometer hardness; one sheet resistance of a resistive layer; one of the dielectric dots; and a bias voltage that is supplied to an FSR to dynamically change one of the FSR sensitivities when using a one-turn impedance amplifier. In another aspect, the first FSR device is configured to measure a force at one of the first predetermined profiling locations on a foot and the second FSR device is configured to measure on the foot A force of a second predetermined profile portion is shown and discussed, for example, in conjunction with Figures 8, 9, 13 and 14. In another argument, the force sensitive substrate enters One step includes a third FSR device configured to measure a force at a head of the first metatarsal, the second FSR device configured to measure a base at a base of the fifth metatarsal Power and the third FSR device is configured to measure a force about the calcaneus. In another aspect, the force sensitive substrate is sized and configured to match a shoe sole, an insole, or a profiled portion. In another aspect, the first FSR device and the second FSR device are fabricated in parallel and assembled as a single unit. In another aspect, the first FSR device and the second FSR device are attached to or embedded in the sole of the shoe. In another aspect, the force sensitive substrate is attached to or embedded in an insole. In another aspect, the force sensitive substrate is attached to or embedded in a motion device segment, such as shown and discussed in connection with Figures 22, 23, and 26. In particular, the exercise device can be one or more of the following: a ball, a bat, a golf club, a bicycle seat, a snowboard, and a skateboard.

因為前期的研究發現,FSR是唯一適合的鞋內穩態感測器,FSR被使用於許多技術說明。應該了解,目前習知或稍後產生的其他型式力感測器可以被使用於此處揭示之實施例。同時,應該了解,對本揭示的一個共同平台上多個FSR獨立進行最佳化是直接適用於本發明揭示的發明,其中多個解剖位置感測器可以對位於其上的FSR性能被最佳化。 Because previous studies have found that FSR is the only suitable shoe internal steady state sensor, FSR is used in many technical specifications. It should be appreciated that other types of force sensors that are currently known or later produced may be used with the embodiments disclosed herein. At the same time, it should be appreciated that the independent optimization of multiple FSRs on a common platform of the present disclosure is directly applicable to the invention disclosed herein, wherein multiple anatomical position sensors can be optimized for FSR performance located thereon. .

六個不同的部位,於其中感測器致動對於遊戲互動與身體動作是有用的,例示於圖13。被展示於圖13之感測器部位包括足部上之一些主要壓力點,其配置使用者 依據標準身體動作以控制一遊戲,包含預謀運動、步態和平衡。於一些實施例中,一感測器被置放相鄰於於圖13例示之各場地1-6。當致動時,每個感測器,或感測器個集合,可以作為以一數位或類比模式對於一遊戲之一特定控制。 Six different locations in which sensor actuation is useful for game interactions and body movements are illustrated in Figure 13. The sensor portion shown in Figure 13 includes some of the major pressure points on the foot, which are configured by the user Controls a game based on standard body movements, including premeditated movement, gait and balance. In some embodiments, a sensor is placed adjacent to each of the venues 1-6 illustrated in FIG. When actuated, each sensor, or set of sensors, can be used as a specific control for one of the games in a one-digit or analog mode.

於一些實施例中,一感測器被置放在外方跟骨且另一感測器被置放在內方跟骨,其可以提供感測平衡的獨特能力。但是,外方及內方跟骨(後腳跟區域)感測器可被組合成為直接地安置在跟骨之下的一單一感測器。於一些實施例中,一感測器可以直接地置放在第五蹠骨的頭部之下。於一些實施例中,一感測器可以被置放以至於其重疊第四(未被展示)蹠骨與第五蹠骨頭部。 In some embodiments, one sensor is placed on the outer calcaneus and the other sensor is placed on the inner calcaneus, which can provide a unique ability to sense balance. However, the external and internal calcaneus (post heel area) sensors can be combined into a single sensor that is placed directly under the calcaneus. In some embodiments, a sensor can be placed directly under the head of the fifth metatarsal. In some embodiments, a sensor can be placed such that it overlaps the fourth (not shown) tibia and the fifth metatarsal head.

於一些實施例中,感測器被組態以感測大致部位,減低對剛好滿足特定的足部或特定鞋子大小之一特定組合的需求。例如,小、中、及大之尺度收集將產生適合多數足部之一平臺。於一些實施例中,一男人的小號適於使用具有鞋子大小在6-8尺度範圍之足部與鞋子,一男人的中號適於使用具有鞋子大小在9-11尺度範圍之足部與鞋子,且一男人的大號適於使用具有鞋子大小在12-14尺度範圍之足部與鞋子。 In some embodiments, the sensor is configured to sense an approximate location, reducing the need for a particular combination of just one of a particular foot or a particular shoe size. For example, small, medium, and large scale collections will produce a platform that fits most of the foot. In some embodiments, a man's trumpet is suitable for use with a foot and shoes having a shoe size in the 6-8 scale range, and a man's medium size is suitable for use with a foot having a shoe size in the 9-11 scale range. Shoes, and a man's large size is suitable for use with feet and shoes with a shoe size in the 12-14 scale range.

為進一步與各種類型和風格的鞋子相容,該電子封裝,該等感測器可單獨、共同地製造或集成到一個鞋子補墊,通常被稱為內底或襪襯。補墊可以由矽橡膠和泡棉製造,由於它們的理想的硬度額定值,防水性,和理想 的抗菌性能。鞋墊通常於鞋中被移除或替換,以產生更好的適合或提升適當的生物力學。這藉由提供一個通用的平台而拓寬了系統易用性,其可以方便地整合並且兼容於廣泛的鞋具。 To further be compatible with various types and styles of shoes, the electronic package can be fabricated separately or collectively or integrated into a shoe pad, commonly referred to as an insole or sock liner. Pads can be made of silicone rubber and foam due to their ideal hardness rating, water resistance, and ideal Antibacterial properties. The insole is typically removed or replaced in the shoe to create a better fit or enhance proper biomechanics. This broadens the ease of use of the system by providing a common platform that can be easily integrated and compatible with a wide range of footwear.

一組FSR可以同時平行地被印製於一共同基片組且被組裝如一單一單元使成形狀以適合一鞋子而提供改進之耐久性與使用者的舒適性。一個鞋墊814例子包含互連812與感測器861、862、及863之系統,如圖14所展示。該鞋墊814具有匹配一鞋子內部之一形狀。這形狀與組合程序可以提供許多好處。尤其是,在圖14所示的感測器致能鞋墊814幫助減少一主體的刺激,因為感測器致能鞋墊814包括支承足部表面的整體。此外,在圖14所示的實施例將減少邊緣效應,其比較於非儀表化鞋子將改變感測器輸出。感測器致能鞋墊814形狀同時也被調大小且被組態以匹配一鞋子內部,這有助於減少鞋內的動作,並提高穩定性。 A set of FSRs can be printed simultaneously in parallel on a common substrate set and assembled as a single unit to shape to fit a shoe to provide improved durability and user comfort. An example of a shoe insole 814 includes a system of interconnects 812 and sensors 861, 862, and 863, as shown in FIG. The insole 814 has a shape that matches one of the interiors of a shoe. This shape and combination program can provide many benefits. In particular, the sensor enabled insole 814 shown in Figure 14 helps reduce the irritation of a subject because the sensor enabled insole 814 includes an integral support for the surface of the foot. Furthermore, the embodiment shown in Figure 14 will reduce edge effects, which will change the sensor output compared to non-instrumented shoes. The sensor enabled insole 814 shape is also sized and configured to match the interior of a shoe, which helps reduce motion within the shoe and improves stability.

於一些實施例中,一成型感測器組被沉積(例如,印製)或層疊在鞋子本身內部或於鞋墊。在這樣的實施例中,互連812及/或感測器816或817被感測器致能鞋墊814之一基片材料所支撐,這有助於防止損壞。如果感測器致能鞋墊814被層疊或嵌入鞋具802,互連812可甚至進一步地被鞋具802所支撐。該片可以被成形為完全配合鞋墊或鞋墊的平坦部分,以防止三維輪廓的任何效應。 In some embodiments, a set of shaped sensors is deposited (eg, printed) or laminated within the shoe itself or on the insole. In such an embodiment, interconnect 812 and/or sensor 816 or 817 is supported by one of the sensor enabled insoles 814 substrate material, which helps prevent damage. If the sensor enabled insole 814 is laminated or embedded in the footwear 802, the interconnect 812 can be even further supported by the footwear 802. The sheet can be shaped to fully fit the flat portion of the insole or insole to prevent any effects of the three dimensional contour.

於一些實施例中,期望限制至感測器,例如第 一、第二、及第三FSR 861、862、及863的濕度和熱效應。該感測器致能鞋墊814可製成半密封,例如,藉由覆蓋具有透氣但是不透水的材料之感測器致能鞋墊814之各FSR感測器任何通氣間隙之排氣開孔,或藉由簡單權宜手段具有排氣間隙足夠長以在氣體被排氣至感測器致能鞋墊814之內一受保護之部位時限制氣體回流。該受保護之部位可以是,例如,一後腳跟護套。於一些實施例中,該設計可以藉由在感測器致能鞋墊814之內產生氣體膨脹空間而作出完全密封,其中沒有足部壓力且密封該感測器,例如FSR,在該感測器致能鞋墊814之內。感測器致能鞋墊814之一些實施例利用溫度不敏感的半導體電阻材料而製成溫度不敏感。 In some embodiments, it is desirable to limit to a sensor, such as Humidity and thermal effects of the first, second and third FSR 861, 862, and 863. The sensor enabled insole 814 can be formed as a semi-sealed, for example, by an irrigator that covers any venting gap of each FSR sensor of the insole 814 by a sensor that covers a material that is gas permeable but impervious to water, or The exhaust gap is sufficiently long by a simple expedient means to limit gas recirculation when the gas is vented to a protected portion within the sensor enabled insole 814. The protected portion can be, for example, a rear heel sheath. In some embodiments, the design can be completely sealed by creating a gas expansion space within the sensor enabled insole 814, where there is no foot pressure and the sensor is sealed, such as an FSR, at the sensor Within the insole 814 is enabled. Some embodiments of the sensor enabled insole 814 are temperature insensitive using temperature insensitive semiconductor resistive materials.

於一些實施例中,該分別的感測器基於對於感測器剖析部位之預期、平均、及/或峰值力量而被最佳化或另外被組態以具有匹配一剖析部位之一動態範圍。該剖析部位之預期、平均、及/或峰值力量可以基於一主體之重量或該主體進行之活動。如在上面配合圖3、4、及6之討論,修改或調整動態範圍之FSR的三種調整是在叉合指部之間的間隙、間隔厚度、及間隔開孔。如上面配合圖6之討論,增加在指部之間間隙可減低在指部之間導電性,其修改動態範圍。可以被修改之另一參數是間隔厚度。增加間隔厚度,需一較大力量使FSR與叉合指部成為彼此接觸。間隔厚度可影響FSR敏感性,一間隔太厚可能對於一力量範圍防止FSR和傳導指部之間實質性的傳導發生。可 以被修改以調整FSR動態之另一FSR參數是間隔開孔直徑。如果間隔開孔直徑過大,由相對較低的力致動時感測器將達到其最小的電阻。如果間隔開孔直徑對施加在感測器的力過小,則沒有傳導會形成。於一些實施例中,一最佳開孔對應至當主體靜止站立時有相對小的傳導。 In some embodiments, the respective sensors are optimized or otherwise configured to have a dynamic range that matches one of the profiling sites based on the expected, average, and/or peak power of the sensor profiling site. The expected, average, and/or peak strength of the profiled portion can be based on the weight of a subject or the activity performed by the subject. As discussed above in connection with Figures 3, 4, and 6, the three adjustments to modify or adjust the dynamic range of the FSR are the gaps between the interdigitated fingers, the thickness of the gap, and the spacing of the openings. As discussed above in connection with Figure 6, increasing the gap between the fingers reduces the electrical conductivity between the fingers, which modifies the dynamic range. Another parameter that can be modified is the spacer thickness. Increasing the thickness of the spacer requires a large force to bring the FSR and the interdigitated fingers into contact with each other. Interval thickness can affect FSR sensitivity, and a too thick interval may prevent substantial conduction between the FSR and the conductive fingers for a range of forces. can Another FSR parameter that is modified to adjust the FSR dynamics is the spacing aperture diameter. If the spacing aperture is too large, the sensor will reach its minimum resistance when actuated by a relatively low force. If the spacing aperture diameter is too small for the force applied to the sensor, no conduction will form. In some embodiments, an optimal opening corresponds to relatively small conduction when the body is stationary standing.

在其它實施例中,具有特定所需動態範圍的FSR增加或移除介電質點、改變感測器厚度、或者使用的材料硬度計硬度。例如,當期望相對較大幅度(例如,>500psi)的力時,這些上面修改可以被使用。在一些實施例中,FSR基於主體重量被修改以匹配預期力的範圍。 In other embodiments, the FSR having a particular desired dynamic range increases or removes dielectric particles, changes sensor thickness, or material durometer hardness used. For example, these above modifications can be used when a relatively large magnitude (eg, >500 psi) force is desired. In some embodiments, the FSR is modified based on the weight of the body to match the range of expected forces.

一個單一的FSR可以測量施加到感測器的法向力。檢測位置之XYZ數化墊可以用來以多工化資料收集模式檢測剪切運動以及一個法向力。這樣的資訊對於理解鞋適合性與產生神經性疾病之疾病併發症,如糖尿病,是有用,並且可能導致嚴重的體瘡及/或肢體的損失。 A single FSR can measure the normal force applied to the sensor. The XYZ digitizing pad of the detection position can be used to detect shear motion and a normal force in a multiplexed data collection mode. Such information is useful for understanding shoe suitability and disease complications that cause neurological diseases, such as diabetes, and can result in severe sore and/or limb loss.

於一些感測器致能鞋墊814中,尤其是鞋內力感測平臺或遊戲裝置應用,該等感測器被製造直接地進入鞋墊或於鞋墊上。於一些實施例中,例如預期外用之實施例中,重要的是,該等感測器被保護免受磨損、如汗液之濕氣以及摺皺,特別是在戶外應用中,主體可能進行經過水坑、雨等。防止濕氣接觸一些型式感測器,例如一FSR,可以是特別重要的,因為水(尤其是汗液)是高導電性,並可能導致短路或損壞任何電氣系統。一些商業電阻材料,例如二硫化鉬,的電阻特性隨濕度改變,且裝置浸漬 於液體中,例如水,可能完全失去作用。因此,需部份地密封該裝置,使得當各種力量被施加及被釋放至感測器致能鞋墊814時,空氣或其它氣體可能流出並進入感測器致能鞋墊814內的空腔或空間,以便保持裝置功能。FSR氣體間隙之壓縮可能需要對於空氣有一個地方從感測器致能鞋墊814逃跑,相應地,當壓力被釋放時,要有返回空氣的來源。 In some sensor-enabled insoles 814, particularly in-shoe force sensing platforms or gaming device applications, the sensors are manufactured directly into the insole or on the insole. In some embodiments, such as contemplated for external use, it is important that the sensors be protected from abrasion, such as sweat moisture and wrinkles, particularly in outdoor applications where the subject may pass through a puddle Rain, etc. Preventing moisture from contacting some types of sensors, such as an FSR, can be particularly important because water (especially sweat) is highly conductive and can cause short circuits or damage to any electrical system. Some commercial resistance materials, such as molybdenum disulfide, have electrical resistance properties that change with humidity and device impregnation In a liquid, such as water, it may be completely ineffective. Accordingly, the device needs to be partially sealed such that when various forces are applied and released to the sensor enabled insole 814, air or other gas may flow out and enter the cavity or space within the sensor enabled insole 814. In order to maintain the function of the device. Compression of the FSR gas gap may require a place for the air to escape from the sensor enabled insole 814, and accordingly, when the pressure is released, there is a source of return air.

於一些實施例中,FSR感測器可以使用矽樹脂封裝及/或防水/透氣織物,如Gore-TexTM被牢固地或半牢固地密封。在一些實施例中,感測器和傳導互連直接印製到一個習知的聚合物基底,如聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或聚萘二甲酸(PEN);然後將製成的部件粘接在鞋墊的補墊,如EVA(乙烯醋酸乙烯酯)泡棉或適合於在圖14使用之矽橡膠。該等感測器接著被封裝或用抗水或防水材料保護。在一些實施例中,感測器和傳導互連直接印製到一個習知的聚合物基底,例如PET或PEN和然後製成的部件疊層於鞋墊的補墊。該疊層將包含抗水或防水材料。感測器和傳導互連直接印製到一個習知的聚合物基底,例如PET或PEN。接著該部件被嵌入在矽橡膠或泡沫,其可以形成密封。其他材料可以被選擇,以形成氣密密封。在一些實施例中,排氣至一區域的彈性膨脹空間,該區域是不特定致動交換腔室的空氣與周圍空氣的結果。如在圖15例示,膨脹空間1050提供FSR中之受控制環境。膨脹空間1050可以是彈性的。間隔層邊限列印跡線1052及 膨脹空間1050。於一些實施例中,介電質點可以印製於膨脹空間1050以保持膨脹空間1050開放。膨脹空間1050應該是非承受力區域因而它可正常地在基板的平面展開。其相較於FSR空腔的體積應該是大的,使得需相對少的運動。 In some embodiments, the FSR sensor can be sealed with a silicone resin and/or a waterproof/breathable fabric such as Gore-TexTM that is securely or semi-firmly sealed. In some embodiments, the sensor and conductive interconnect are printed directly onto a conventional polymeric substrate, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyphthalic acid (PEN); The finished component is bonded to the pad of the insole, such as EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) foam or a rubber suitable for use in Figure 14. The sensors are then packaged or protected with water or water resistant materials. In some embodiments, the sensor and conductive interconnect are printed directly onto a conventional polymeric substrate, such as PET or PEN, and the resulting component is laminated to the pad of the insole. The laminate will comprise a water or water resistant material. The sensor and conductive interconnects are printed directly onto a conventional polymer substrate such as PET or PEN. The part is then embedded in a rubber or foam which can form a seal. Other materials can be selected to form a hermetic seal. In some embodiments, the exhaust is vented to an area of elastic expansion space that is a result of non-specific actuation of the air and ambient air of the exchange chamber. As illustrated in Figure 15, the expansion space 1050 provides a controlled environment in the FSR. The expansion space 1050 can be elastic. Spacer edge column line 1052 and The expansion space is 1050. In some embodiments, a dielectric dot can be printed on the expansion space 1050 to keep the expansion space 1050 open. The expansion space 1050 should be a non-bearing area so that it can normally unfold in the plane of the substrate. It should be larger than the volume of the FSR cavity, requiring relatively little motion.

於一些實施例中,膨脹空間1050被充填有除了空氣外之氣體以改變介電質和彈性於膨脹空間之性能且將允許使用的液體壓力介質,如果需要的話。 In some embodiments, the expansion space 1050 is filled with a gas other than air to alter the dielectric properties and elasticity to the expansion space and will allow for use of the liquid pressure medium, if desired.

於一些實施例中,感測器和傳導互連使用直接寫入技術列印至一鞋墊。該列印部件接著可使用,例如,紫外線(UV)或熱固化樹脂和環氧樹脂而電氣地且化學地自環境被絕緣。感測器及/或互連氣密密封可以使用本領域中習知的層壓或封裝方法被實現。 In some embodiments, the sensor and conductive interconnect are printed to an insole using direct write techniques. The printing component can then be electrically and chemically insulated from the environment using, for example, ultraviolet (UV) or thermosetting resins and epoxy. The sensor and/or interconnect hermetic seal can be implemented using lamination or packaging methods as are known in the art.

開關與互連 Switching and interconnection

在一些實施例中,例如,涉及遊戲輸入和生物力學應用中,開關觸點被使用在鞋墊、鞋子、或鞋具之內。複數個開關被使用於在鞋具之內的不同部位以檢測超出一特定的固定臨限之壓力。各開關可被組態以切換於不同的壓力負載。類比感測器,例如,FSR或加速計之使用需要每個感測器至少一連接及一共同接地返回。因此,五個感測器在感測平臺及處理電子之間需要最少六條信號線。該類比感測器可在鞋具之內多工化;但是此多工化使用安裝在該鞋具之內的主動式電子被達成。數位至類比(DA)轉換機構提供一方便且較好的解決辦法以使在感測平臺與相關的電子之間互連數目最小化以及如果開關與電子 是嵌入鞋具則使所需的連接數目最小化。感興趣的資訊不僅是哪一開關作動,同時也需相對開關打開和閉合的順序和時序。 In some embodiments, for example, in game input and biomechanical applications, the switch contacts are used within an insole, shoe, or shoe. A plurality of switches are used at different locations within the footwear to detect pressure above a particular fixed threshold. Each switch can be configured to switch to a different pressure load. The use of analog sensors, such as FSR or accelerometers, requires at least one connection and a common ground return for each sensor. Therefore, five sensors require a minimum of six signal lines between the sensing platform and the processing electronics. The analog sensor can be multiplexed within the footwear; however, this multiplexing is achieved using active electronics mounted within the footwear. Digital to analog (DA) conversion mechanisms provide a convenient and better solution to minimize the number of interconnections between the sensing platform and associated electronics and if switches and electronics Being embedded in the shoe minimizes the number of connections required. The information of interest is not only which switch is actuated, but also the order and timing of the opening and closing of the switch.

圖16及17例示適用於編碼開關閉合之組合的實施例,其可被使用以減低互連數目。圖16展示一R/2R電阻階梯,其中在5輸入部位之每一個以1或0表示之數位輸入是一數位輸入且Vout是唯一地代表特定的開關組合之一類比輸出電壓。注意到,對於在圖16所示的拓撲結構,開關是單刀雙擲(SPDT)。為了包含作動電子自開關/電阻器三組連接分離:Vout、Vref、及接地被採用。被展示於圖16之組態提供自六組至三組連接的減少。 Figures 16 and 17 illustrate an embodiment suitable for use in a combination of coded switch closures that can be used to reduce the number of interconnections. Figure 16 shows an R/2R resistor ladder in which the digital input, represented as 1 or 0, at each of the 5 input locations is a digital input and Vout is an analog output voltage that uniquely represents a particular switch combination. Note that for the topology shown in Figure 16, the switch is a single pole double throw (SPDT). In order to include the actuating electronics self-switching/resistor three sets of connection separation: Vout, Vref, and grounding are employed. The configuration shown in Figure 16 provides a reduction from six to three sets of connections.

也可以通過使用在圖17所示的二進制加權梯形電路獲得在互連的減少。在圖17的電路中,開關W1-W5表示各個開關。該源頭元件是遠端電子之部件且提供一固定電流或固定電壓。所產生之電壓或電流(越過或經由源頭)提供開關閉合之組合的唯一表示器。只需兩根導線連接感測平台的開關/電阻器組合與位於遠端的電子設備。使用在圖17所示的電路之足部感測器子系統808實施例中,只有電阻器和開關在感測器致能鞋墊或可嵌入式裝置814之內。在這兩種拓撲結構,如果另外的開關被添加以抵抗外部拾取雜訊敏感性,則附加電阻器/開關腳部可被添加。僅兩個或三個信號點的互連降低成本和提高可靠性。此外,使用兩個互連可打開使用電感性或電容性交流(AC)耦合的可能性並省去了對一個實際連接之需求,進一步提 高了可靠性。同時也應注意的是對於電阻器/開關組態,相對開關閉合時序資訊是藉由快速地取樣該單一類比信號以判定是否開關組態被改變而得到。 The reduction in interconnection can also be obtained by using the binary weighted ladder circuit shown in FIG. In the circuit of Fig. 17, switches W1-W5 represent the respective switches. The source element is a component of the remote electronics and provides a fixed current or a fixed voltage. The resulting voltage or current (over or through the source) provides a unique representation of the combination of switch closures. Only two wires are needed to connect the switch/resistor combination of the sensing platform to the electronics at the far end. In the embodiment of the foot sensor subsystem 808 using the circuit shown in Figure 17, only the resistors and switches are within the sensor enabled insole or embeddable device 814. In both topologies, additional resistors/switch legs can be added if additional switches are added to resist external pick-up noise sensitivity. Interconnections of only two or three signal points reduce cost and increase reliability. In addition, the use of two interconnects opens up the possibility of using inductive or capacitive alternating current (AC) coupling and eliminates the need for an actual connection, further High reliability. It should also be noted that for the resistor/switch configuration, the relative switch closure timing information is obtained by quickly sampling the single analog signal to determine if the switch configuration has been changed.

角度、位置、及移動之感測器 Angle, position, and movement sensor

於一些實施例中,另外的感測器,例如用於判定角度、位置、及移動之感測器被包含於穿戴式鞋具感測器系統800。角度、位置、及移動之感測器可以包含加速計、迴轉儀、磁力計、指南針、全球定位系統、及慣性導航單元。例如,加速計與迴轉儀可以實施於單一軸或三軸的版本。於一些實施例中,九軸微機電系統(MEMS)的運動表徵裝置,例如加速計、迴轉儀、及磁力計各三軸,包含於穿戴式感測器鞋具系統800。主體的路徑可以由整合過去的輸入而追踪。上述感測器可以包含於感測器電子808及/或分離自鞋子或鞋墊之內電子。 In some embodiments, additional sensors, such as sensors for determining angle, position, and movement, are included in the wearable footwear sensor system 800. Angle, position, and motion sensors can include accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, compasses, global positioning systems, and inertial navigation units. For example, accelerometers and gyroscopes can be implemented in single or three-axis versions. In some embodiments, nine-axis microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) motion characterization devices, such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers, are included in the wearable footwear shoe system 800. The path of the subject can be tracked by integrating past inputs. The sensor can be included in the sensor electronics 808 and/or from the electronics within the shoe or insole.

此一感測器多樣性是用以判定前面列舉的鞋具與主體之較寬範圍複數個特性所需的。 This sensor diversity is required to determine the broad range of characteristics of the footwear and body listed above.

另外的感測器 Additional sensor

於一些實施例中,感測器系統800包含一個或多個另外的感測器,其選自含有一全球定位系統、一加速計、一迴轉儀、一慣性導航單元、一力感測器、一剪力感測器、一壓力感測器、壓力感測器陣列、一溫度感測器、一脈搏感測器、以及一血壓感測器之族群。這些另外的感測器可以包含於鞋墊、電子式封裝或在鞋子中別處。尤其是,鞋的溫度可使用熱電偶或熱敏電阻被感測且足背動脈 脈搏可以由結合圖18和21所討論的一種系統和方法被感測。 In some embodiments, the sensor system 800 includes one or more additional sensors selected from the group consisting of a global positioning system, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, an inertial navigation unit, a force sensor, A cluster of shear sensors, a pressure sensor, a pressure sensor array, a temperature sensor, a pulse sensor, and a blood pressure sensor. These additional sensors can be included in the insole, electronically packaged, or elsewhere in the shoe. In particular, the temperature of the shoe can be sensed using a thermocouple or thermistor and the dorsal artery The pulse can be sensed by a system and method discussed in connection with Figures 18 and 21.

於一個論點中,系統800進一步地被組態以判定足動脈脈搏。醫生和救援人員往往採取足背動脈之脈搏,因為它是強大且容易獲得。足動脈脈搏可以幫助判定通過下肢的充足血液流動。足背脈搏直接觸診可以決定或排除周圍血管疾病,且是一種迅速地有助於診斷之非侵入式身體檢查操作。 In one argument, system 800 is further configured to determine a foot artery pulse. Doctors and rescuers often take the pulse of the dorsal artery of the foot because it is powerful and easy to obtain. The foot artery pulse can help determine adequate blood flow through the lower extremities. Direct contact with the foot can determine or exclude peripheral vascular disease and is a non-invasive physical examination that quickly aids in diagnosis.

目前的技術既非捕捉類比心跳率,也不是傳輸生機的類比脈搏波。接著參看圖18及21,足背動脈1211是在足部的背側(頂部)的表面。於一些實施例中,一脈搏波形可以在鞋子舌部或客製襪子中間或下方置FSR而以非侵入式方法在足背動脈1211測量。 The current technology neither captures the analog heart rate nor the analog pulse wave that transmits vitality. Referring next to Figures 18 and 21, the dorsal artery 1211 is the surface of the dorsal (top) portion of the foot. In some embodiments, a pulse waveform can be measured in the dorsal artery 1211 in a non-invasive manner by placing an FSR in the middle or under the shoe tongue or custom socks.

如於圖18之展示,脈搏感測陣列1210由線性組之壓力感測器1212、1214、1216所構成。於一些實施例中,壓力感測器1212、1214、1216包含沿著血管(動脈)對齊之FSR或壓電式轉換器以撿拾下方之血流/脈衝施加之壓力。這些脈搏信號被使用來重建使用者的類比脈搏與脈搏波形1218表示之血壓曲線。脈搏波形提供心臟和血液循環系統性能的即時資訊。陣列1210可以是功能性使用只一個力量感測器;使用二個或更多個力感測器於陣列1210中提供更好的精度和測量可靠性。 As shown in FIG. 18, pulse sensing array 1210 is comprised of linear sets of pressure sensors 1212, 1214, 1216. In some embodiments, the pressure sensors 1212, 1214, 1216 include an FSR or piezoelectric transducer aligned along the blood vessel (artery) to pick up the pressure applied by the underlying blood flow/pulse. These pulse signals are used to reconstruct the blood pressure curve represented by the user's analog pulse and pulse waveform 1218. The pulse waveform provides instant information on the performance of the heart and blood circulation system. Array 1210 can be functionally using only one force sensor; using two or more force sensors provides better accuracy and measurement reliability in array 1210.

於一實施例中,量測一使用者之類比脈搏波形之系統中,例如被展示於圖18,複數個FSR沿著一血管對 齊,其中各力敏電阻器被組態以量測在血管與力敏電阻器之間使用者皮膚上之力,其中所量測力表示血壓特性,且其中使用者之類比脈搏波形藉由複數個力敏電阻器各者所量測之血壓特性組合被判定。各FSR可以分別地依據這揭示教導而被選擇及/或最佳化。於一些實施例中,一線性電位計可以被使用以取代一感測器陣列。自感測器之量測數值可以在相對低的頻率,例如100Hz,被取樣。分析這資料時,生物特徵感測可以藉由比較使用者之類比脈搏波形與一已知的類比脈搏波形而達成。一生物特徵感測方法藉由比較使用者之類比脈搏波形與一已知的類比脈搏波形而識別一系統的使用者。於分析這資料,生物特徵感測可以藉由比較使用者之類比脈搏波形與一已知的類比脈搏波形而達成。步態或脈搏波形可於一主體上量測經一界定時間週期以提供系統一生物認證基線,其藉由使用形狀為主的分析而抽取收集數值特點,例如頻率、外形、及振幅,且將它們比較於遵守批准特點與數值之資料庫。 In one embodiment, in a system for measuring a pulse waveform of a user, for example, as shown in FIG. 18, a plurality of FSRs are along a blood vessel pair. And wherein each of the force-sensitive resistors is configured to measure a force on a user's skin between the blood vessel and the force-sensitive resistor, wherein the measured force represents a blood pressure characteristic, and wherein the analog waveform of the user is plural The combination of blood pressure characteristics measured by each of the force sensitive resistors is determined. Each FSR can be selected and/or optimized separately in accordance with the disclosed teachings. In some embodiments, a linear potentiometer can be used in place of a sensor array. The measured value of the self-sensor can be sampled at a relatively low frequency, such as 100 Hz. When analyzing this data, biometric sensing can be achieved by comparing the user's analog pulse waveform to a known analog pulse waveform. A biometric sensing method identifies a user of a system by comparing a user's analog pulse waveform to a known analog pulse waveform. To analyze this data, biometric sensing can be achieved by comparing the user's analog pulse waveform to a known analog pulse waveform. The gait or pulse waveform can be measured over a body for a defined period of time to provide a system-biometric baseline that is extracted using shape-based analysis to extract numerical features such as frequency, shape, and amplitude, and They are compared to a database of approved features and values.

於一實施例中,用以量測一主體之類比脈搏波形之系統包括沿著血管被置放之複數個力敏電阻器(FSR),其中各FSR被組態以量測血管施加之力,其中該血管量測力是血壓特性之表示,且其中主體之類比脈搏波形藉由組合複數個力敏電阻器之各者的量測血壓特性被判定。於一個論點中,該系統進一步地被組態以判定足動脈壓力。於另一論點中,該系統是一環形物之部件。於另一論點中,該系統被附帶至一手腕。於另一論點中,該系統 是於一彈性或可伸展的貼片或基片上。 In one embodiment, a system for measuring an analog pulse waveform of a subject includes a plurality of force sensitive resistors (FSRs) placed along the blood vessel, wherein each FSR is configured to measure a force applied by the blood vessel, Wherein the vascular measurement force is a representation of blood pressure characteristics, and wherein the analog pulse waveform of the subject is determined by combining the measured blood pressure characteristics of each of the plurality of force sensitive resistors. In one argument, the system is further configured to determine the arterial pressure. In another argument, the system is a component of a ring. In another argument, the system is attached to a wrist. In another argument, the system It is on a flexible or stretchable patch or substrate.

電子 electronic

參看回至圖8及9,鞋具電子810可以被附帶在鞋具802內部或外部。接著參看至圖19,鞋具電子810實施例之方塊圖被展示。鞋具電子810包含感測器,例如,加速計或討論此處的其他感測器,用以供電給感測器之一電源、一電力管理單元、一處理單元、一通訊單元、及一天線。該電源是一般的電池,但是其他型式的電源,例如,太陽能電池或動能可以被使用。於一些實施例中,電子可以包含記憶體或儲存各種感測器量測資料之儲存部。 Referring back to Figures 8 and 9, the footwear electronics 810 can be attached to the interior or exterior of the footwear 802. Referring next to Figure 19, a block diagram of an embodiment of a footwear electronic 810 is shown. The shoe electronics 810 includes a sensor, such as an accelerometer or other sensor discussed herein, for powering one of the sensors, a power management unit, a processing unit, a communication unit, and an antenna . The power source is a general battery, but other types of power sources, such as solar cells or kinetic energy, can be used. In some embodiments, the electrons can include memory or a storage that stores various sensor measurements.

該等電子及電池可以是堅固的以至於它們無法舒適地充填於泡棉或矽鞋墊;因此,該等電子需要保持連接方式使得不會引起使用者不適,例如於鞋具802之外方表面。於使用彈性印製電氣連接以代替圖14展示之導線的一些實施例中,許多小的連接跡線可被繪製到一個剛性電路板且電池被置放在鞋具802之外面或嵌進鞋具802。為適應於多種型式鞋具802,一彈性尾部拉至鞋子的四分之一的內側,因而感測器封裝可以被附帶至鞋子之外面。這允許一介面以適應幾乎所有款式的鞋子而防止任何不適。其同時也防止當滑動足部進入鞋子時之任何問題。 The electronics and batteries can be sturdy such that they cannot be comfortably filled in the foam or mattress insole; therefore, the electronics need to remain connected so as not to cause user discomfort, such as on the outer surface of the footwear 802. In some embodiments in which a resilient printed electrical connection is used in place of the lead shown in Figure 14, a number of small connecting traces can be drawn to a rigid circuit board and the battery placed over the outer surface of the footwear 802 or embedded in the footwear. 802. To accommodate a variety of styles of footwear 802, an elastic tail is pulled to the inside of the shoe by a quarter, so that the sensor package can be attached to the outside of the shoe. This allows an interface to accommodate almost any style of shoes without any discomfort. It also prevents any problems when sliding the foot into the shoe.

該等電子810可以被覆蓋在一個小的防水容器,如於圖8和圖11所示。藉由附帶一薄形記憶體材料至該彈性電路互連區域,該彈性電路可牢固地夾住鞋子的邊緣。該等電子810靠在鞋具802之外面。被展示於圖11之電子 810之定位同時也是有利的,因為電子810很不可能另一鞋具802之電子810接觸,如果足部靠在一起,其可能損害電子。於一些實施例中,電子810將包含一覆蓋,其以圍著印製彈性尾部之密封物而牢固地密封電子。 The electrons 810 can be covered in a small waterproof container, as shown in Figures 8 and 11. The elastic circuit securely grips the edge of the shoe by attaching a thin memory material to the flexible circuit interconnection region. The electrons 810 rest against the outside of the shoe 802. The electrons shown in Figure 11 The positioning of 810 is also advantageous at the same time because the electronics 810 is unlikely to be in contact with the electronics 810 of another shoe 802, which may damage the electronics if the feet are close together. In some embodiments, the electrons 810 will include a cover that securely seals the electrons around the seal that prints the elastomeric tail.

另外地,電子810可以封裝於被塞於鞋底腔室或鞋具802之後腳跟之構件。於此情況中,互連812必須被塞經由鞋子材料或另外以感測器致能鞋墊814連接電子810而不必干擾穿戴者。 Additionally, the electronics 810 can be packaged in a member that is tucked to the sole of the sole or to the heel of the shoe 802. In this case, the interconnect 812 must be plugged via the shoe material or otherwise connected to the electronics 810 with the sensor enabled insole 814 without interfering with the wearer.

通訊與資料同步 Communication and data synchronization

穿戴式鞋子感測器系統800可以包含在裝置之間複數個通訊路徑。例如,二個或更多個足部感測器子系統808及主裝置,例如一智慧型裝置822、移動式電子裝置824、或個人電腦826,可以被組態以彼此無線地通訊。此外,該主裝置同時也可以被組態而經一行動電話網路、衛星網路、或無線熱點與其他的裝置,例如一移動式電腦裝置通訊。在實驗室中,主裝置和其他裝置之間有線通訊是可能,但是較佳地足部感測器子系統808和主機裝置進行無線地通訊。無線通訊可以是使用電磁、光學或聲波路徑。如上所述,無線通訊可以利用藍牙標準,因為許多主裝置是已經如此致能。無線通訊同時也可以感應式進行、具有閃爍的紅外光、超聲波叢訊、或使用不同的頻率或協議之其它射頻方式。它可以使用一個空閒頻帶做到,例如是用在300兆赫之無線溫度計,其廣播週期的同步脈衝。 Wearable shoe sensor system 800 can include a plurality of communication paths between devices. For example, two or more foot sensor subsystems 808 and a master device, such as a smart device 822, mobile electronic device 824, or personal computer 826, can be configured to wirelessly communicate with one another. In addition, the primary device can also be configured to communicate with other devices, such as a mobile computer device, via a mobile telephone network, satellite network, or wireless hotspot. In the laboratory, wired communication between the host device and other devices is possible, but preferably the foot sensor subsystem 808 and the host device communicate wirelessly. Wireless communication can be by using electromagnetic, optical or sonic paths. As mentioned above, wireless communication can take advantage of the Bluetooth standard because many master devices have been so enabled. Wireless communication can also be inductive, with flickering infrared light, ultrasonic bursts, or other RF methods using different frequencies or protocols. It can be done using an idle frequency band, for example a wireless thermometer used in a 300 MHz, which broadcasts a synchronization pulse of the cycle.

來自複數個無線裝置之資料同步判定一活動特 性。雖使所有裝置全有線接在一起允許同步,其同時也非常繁瑣且困擾穿戴者。於一些實施例中,各鞋子將具有一個獨立的無線收發機和在其他的身體部位的另外無線-致能加速計/迴轉儀感測器,1)接近身體質量中心以移除整個身體的影響,以及2)在四肢的不同點,以顯示髖關節、膝關節和腳踝的身體動力學。另外的位置/移動感測器可以被包含於主裝置,例如智慧型手機、智慧型手錶、智慧眼鏡、等等。該“主裝置”可以是智慧型手機、個人數位助理、MP3播放機、智慧型手錶、智慧眼鏡、平板電腦電腦、其他的電腦或具有處理、通訊及時序能力之任何裝置。該主裝置軟體可接受資料且與複數個無線裝置通訊。資料可區域性地被儲存於主裝置或儲存在一遠端伺服器/資料中心。 Data synchronization decision from a plurality of wireless devices Sex. Although all devices are wired together to allow synchronization, it is also cumbersome and confusing to the wearer. In some embodiments, each shoe will have a separate wireless transceiver and additional wireless-enabled accelerometer/gyro sensor at other body parts, 1) close to the body mass center to remove the effects of the entire body. , and 2) at different points in the limbs to show the body dynamics of the hips, knees and ankles. Additional position/motion sensors can be included in the main device, such as smart phones, smart watches, smart glasses, and the like. The "master device" can be a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, an MP3 player, a smart watch, smart glasses, a tablet computer, other computers, or any device with processing, communication, and timing capabilities. The master device software accepts data and communicates with a plurality of wireless devices. The data can be stored regionally on the primary device or stored in a remote server/data center.

主裝置自分別的資料來源收集資料且經由一無線網路或通訊協定發送該資料至一主裝置。該資料來源可以是任何感測器集合,其接線至一單一無線收發器,此處稱“裝置”。該裝置將包含平面的天線,其接收來自傳輸板的功率。該感測器可以是一個或多個加速計、FSR、迴轉儀及其他的感測器。FSR將於收發器封裝外部,但是加速計以及迴轉儀可在內部且直接地安置於印刷電路板上。第二加速計/迴轉儀可於電子式封裝外部以闡明,例如,在足部的角運動。 The master device collects data from separate sources and transmits the data to a host device via a wireless network or communication protocol. The source of information can be any sensor set that is wired to a single wireless transceiver, referred to herein as a "device." The device will contain a planar antenna that receives power from the transmission board. The sensor can be one or more accelerometers, FSRs, gyroscopes, and other sensors. The FSR will be external to the transceiver package, but the accelerometer and gyroscope can be placed internally and directly on the printed circuit board. The second accelerometer/gyrator can be external to the electronic package to clarify, for example, angular motion at the foot.

明確地說,資料收集是同步於在該主裝置之內的一內部時脈。當同步至該主裝置時,一裝置將被組態以 輸出具一相對時間的一相關量測資料。足部感測器子系統808收集且被通訊至主裝置的所有資料包含來自足部感測器子系統808時脈之時戳或標籤。該主裝置被組態以同步複數個分別裝置的時脈,例如足部感測器子系統808,因而自足部感測器子系統808收集之資料可以時間上與主裝置對齊。來自分別裝置的資料共同地以叢發模式被傳送因而無線網路接收器與發送器可以大部分時間內被關閉,以減少電力消耗。然而,叢發模式傳送使足部感測器子系統808之間的時間同步有問題。 In particular, data collection is synchronized to an internal clock within the primary device. When synchronizing to the master, a device will be configured to The output has a related measurement data with a relative time. All data collected by the foot sensor subsystem 808 and communicated to the primary device includes time stamps or tags from the foot sensor subsystem 808 clock. The primary device is configured to synchronize the clocks of a plurality of separate devices, such as the foot sensor subsystem 808, such that the data collected from the foot sensor subsystem 808 can be time aligned with the primary device. The data from the respective devices are collectively transmitted in burst mode so that the wireless network receiver and transmitter can be turned off most of the time to reduce power consumption. However, burst mode transmissions cause problems with time synchronization between the foot sensor subsystems 808.

藉由叢發模式通訊而不是即時通訊,該等分別的裝置可以有長電池壽命之非常低的功耗。為了使裝置可氣密密封,裝置可以不連接以做電池充電,而是藉由將裝置置放於感應電力傳輸板或墊上之感應式充電/再充電。 With burst mode communication instead of instant messaging, these separate devices can have very low power consumption over long battery life. In order for the device to be hermetically sealed, the device may be unconnected for battery charging, but inductively charged/recharged by placing the device on an inductive power transfer board or pad.

於另一論點中該感測器系統介面於且時間關聯於除了足部之外在身體部位之另外的感測器。在其他剖析部位的另外加速計/迴轉儀感測器可用腰帶/皮帶/鉤環及魔術貼,或在衣物口袋被固定到其他感興趣的區域,包含腰背部、腰前部、四肢。這些裝置將與一中央裝置無線通訊以捕獲和協調不同的身體動作。一個加速計/迴轉儀感測器可以是同時也包含一全球定位系統(GPS)之智慧型手機,其提供一絕對時戳(參見,例如,圖20)。 In another argument, the sensor system interfaces and is temporally associated with additional sensors at the body part other than the foot. Additional accelerometer/slewing sensors at other profiling locations can be secured with belts/belts/shackles and velcros, or in clothing pockets to other areas of interest, including the lower back, waist front, and limbs. These devices will communicate wirelessly with a central device to capture and coordinate different body movements. An accelerometer/gyrator sensor can be a smart phone that also includes a Global Positioning System (GPS) that provides an absolute time stamp (see, for example, Figure 20).

於一個論點中,該系統包括一脈搏感測器,其是一個環形物之部份。於另一論點中該系統包括一脈搏感測器,其被保持於一手腕。於另一論點中該裝置是在可撓 性或伸展性的一貼片或一基片上。 In one argument, the system includes a pulse sensor that is part of a ring. In another aspect the system includes a pulse sensor that is held on one wrist. In another argument, the device is flexible Sexual or stretchable patch or a substrate.

另外的脈搏感測裝置,依據本揭示之教導,可以被安置於圖21的另外剖析部位並且與主裝置通訊和同步。 Additional pulse sensing devices, in accordance with the teachings of the present disclosure, can be placed in the additional profiling site of Figure 21 and communicated and synchronized with the host device.

其他的應用 Other applications

除鞋具外,力與加速度感測器有用於其他的應用,明確地說田徑和更具體的高衝擊運動,如足球,其中撞擊傷害,包含腦震盪,是常見的,且必須迅速診斷並以良好設計的防護設備改善,這是大型且容易允許感測器的併入。 In addition to shoes, force and acceleration sensors are used for other applications. Clearly speaking, track and field and more specific high-impact sports, such as football, where impact damage, including concussion, are common and must be quickly diagnosed and A well-designed protective device is improved, which is large and easy to allow for the incorporation of sensors.

於一個論點中,最佳化FSR裝置附著或嵌進運動設備之一片段。於另一論點中,該運動設備是頭盔或防護墊。於一些實施例中,足球頭盔可以設計如於圖22之展示,FSR於內部與外方表面且具無線傳輸能力之加速計可比較於墊肩加速計。為了減少到佩戴者接觸力的任何其他防護設備可類似裝設,例如,墊肩、護膝、護肘、臀墊、護腿、前臂防護、護腕、護手、腿板、護耳、肋骨墊,身體盔甲,“防空”夾克、軀幹/胸部保護、頸部防護、運動罩杯、臉部防護、牙套、喉嚨防護、防護鞋/靴、踝部支撐、護膝等。 In one argument, the optimized FSR device is attached or embedded in one of the segments of the motion device. In another argument, the exercise device is a helmet or a protective pad. In some embodiments, the football helmet can be designed as shown in FIG. 22, and the FSR on the inner and outer surfaces and the wireless transmission capability accelerometer can be compared to the shoulder accelerometer. Any other protective equipment to reduce the contact force of the wearer can be similarly installed, for example, shoulder pads, knee pads, elbow pads, hip pads, leg protectors, forearm guards, wrist guards, hand guards, leg plates, ear protectors, rib pads, body armor , "air defense" jacket, torso / chest protection, neck protection, sports cups, face protection, braces, throat protection, protective shoes / boots, ankle support, knee pads, etc.

於另一論點中,該運動設備包括一個或多個下面者:一個球、一球棒、一高爾夫球桿、一自行車座、一滑雪板及一滑板。 In another aspect, the exercise device includes one or more of the following: a ball, a bat, a golf club, a bicycle seat, a snowboard, and a skateboard.

在其它實施例中,嵌進板與滑板之感測系統, 如於圖26之展示,可提供主體訓練和監視性能的有用的資訊。 In other embodiments, a sensing system embedded in the board and the skateboard, As shown in Figure 26, useful information can be provided for subject training and monitoring performance.

如於圖23之展示,一自行車座2218可以儀表化連接到互連2223之FSR或XYZ數化板2220、2221、2222。自行車座2218可以被使用以適合騎乘者或識別過剩壓力及電位神經的位置。包含球、球棒、高爾夫球桿等之運動設備,都可以儀表化為訓練和量測用途。所有型式的運動鞋子可儀表化具有FSR而於除了鞋底之外之表面以量測側向力和踢力(鞋外)以及如先前被說明之儀表化安裝者。 As shown in FIG. 23, a bicycle mount 2218 can be instrumentally coupled to the FSR or XYZ digitizers 2220, 2221, 2222 of the interconnect 2223. The bicycle seat 2218 can be used to suit the rider or identify the location of excess pressure and potential nerves. Sports equipment including balls, bats, golf clubs, etc. can be instrumented for training and measurement purposes. All types of athletic shoes can be instrumented with an FSR on the surface other than the sole to measure lateral and kick forces (outside the shoe) and instrumented installers as previously described.

先前技術範例#1-單一感測器藍牙致能裝置 Prior Art Example #1 - Single Sensor Bluetooth Enabler

耐吉(Nike)之Nike+運動感測器包括放在一鞋子之一鞋底空間中之單一裝置。僅一單一資料集被通訊至一藍牙致能主裝置,例如一智慧型手機,因此不需要資料的相關性。 Nike's Nike+ motion sensor includes a single device placed in the sole space of one of the shoes. Only a single data set is communicated to a Bluetooth enabled main device, such as a smart phone, so no data correlation is required.

先前技術範例#2-被附帶至鞋墊之商業FSR Prior Art Example #2 - Commercial FSR attached to the insole

一些先前技術來源附帶商業上可用的力敏電阻器至標準鞋子鞋墊。沒有試圖變化動態範圍或印製FSR於一共同基片被記錄於文件。分離鞋子裝置使用非叢發模式之無線電頻率信號被發送,其達成時序,但是同時也採用超數量電力。 Some prior art sources incorporate commercially available force sensitive resistors to standard shoe insoles. No attempt was made to change the dynamic range or print the FSR on a common substrate that was recorded in the file. The split shoe device is transmitted using a radio frequency signal in a non-cluster mode, which achieves timing, but also uses an excessive amount of power.

先前技術範例#3-大FSR陣列 Prior Art Example #3 - Large FSR Array

Tekscan之F-Scan無線系統具有一感測器陣列960,所有都通過導線連接到一單一無線節點,其達成時序,但是非常困擾穿戴者且可能影響步態。該感測器陣列 被切割以適應鞋子。有感測器範圍自50至125psi之版本,其沒有越過該陣列之明顯動態範圍最佳化這是銷售給醫務人員而不是個人。 Tekscan's F-Scan wireless system has a sensor array 960, all wired to a single wireless node, which achieves timing, but is very confusing for the wearer and may affect the gait. The sensor array Cut to fit the shoes. There are sensors ranging from 50 to 125 psi, which do not have an apparent dynamic range optimization across the array which is sold to medical staff rather than individuals.

範例#4-屏幕式印製形狀匹配鞋底之三組分流模式FSR Example #4-Screen Printed Shape Matching Sole Three-Component Flow Mode FSR

一組三層包括同時平行地印製之三組力敏電阻器且被組裝為一單一單元,如下所述:一800Ω薄片電阻二硫化鉬層,屏幕式印製於一0.005”厚熱穩定聚酯基片,0.5”直徑圓,在三剖析部位之下:第一蹠骨頭部(足部的球部)、第五蹠骨基部(外拱部)、跟骨中心(腳跟骨中心)。 A set of three layers consists of three sets of force-sensitive resistors printed simultaneously in parallel and assembled into a single unit, as described below: an 800Ω sheet resistance molybdenum disulfide layer, screen printed on a 0.005" thick thermally stable poly The ester substrate, 0.5" diameter round, below the three dissection sites: the first metatarsal head (the ball of the foot), the fifth metatarsal base (outer arch), and the calcaneus center (the heel bone center).

自各組叉合指部之導體跡線0.015”寬或更寬同時地以銀糊屏幕式印製於後腳跟。沒有介電質點以這設計印製。所有的三組聚合物層被切割成鞋底頂部形狀,導體跡線終止於尾部,其從該形狀的腳跟部分延伸,以允許所述導體線進入它們附帶至連接器之鞋子剛性後腳跟部份。 The conductor traces from each set of interdigitated fingers are 0.015" wide or wider and are simultaneously printed on the back heel with a silver paste screen. No dielectric dots are printed with this design. All three sets of polymer layers are cut into The sole top shape, the conductor traces terminate in a tail portion that extends from the heel portion of the shape to allow the conductor wires to enter the rigid rear heel portion of the shoe that they are attached to the connector.

這感測器系統適合6呎高,150磅之男人,其穿著男人尺度大小10½鞋子。這中央組合將適於寬範圍重量與鞋子大小。於其中有較大力量情況,0.030”間隔與0.015”指部將較佳。一200磅以上之個體可能同時也需要稍微地較厚的間隔物(如0.007”與0.011”)。並不預期高度、性別、和鞋子大小將如重量有同樣強烈的影響。範例#5-屏幕式印製三組分流模式FSR成形以匹配較小主體的鞋底。 This sensor system is suitable for 6-inch, 150-pound men wearing men's size 101⁄2 shoes. This central combination will be suitable for a wide range of weights and shoe sizes. In the case of greater power, the 0.030" interval and 0.015" fingers will be preferred. Individuals above 200 pounds may also require slightly thicker spacers (eg, 0.007" and 0.011"). It is not expected that height, gender, and shoe size will have the same strong impact as weight. Example #5 - Screen-printed three-component flow mode FSR shaping to match the sole of a smaller body.

對於較小的主體,例如5英呎2英吋女性,115磅重,穿著女人尺度大小7½鞋子,感測器組態將包括三層, 其含有同時平行地印製之三組力敏電阻器且被組裝如一單一單元,如下所述:一800Ω薄片電阻二硫化鉬層,屏幕式印製於一0.005”厚熱穩定聚酯基片,0.5”直徑圓,在三剖析部位之下:第一蹠骨頭部(足部的球部)、第五蹠骨基部(外拱部)、跟骨中心(腳跟骨中心)。一分割厚度間隔物包括3M之467MP丙烯酸,兩側端有黏膠,及圓形孔洞切割對齊於1a,b,c之相同剖析部位,具有下面的厚度及內部直徑:第一蹠骨頭部0.004”厚,0.45”直徑腔室,第五蹠骨基底0.007”厚,0.45”直徑,跟骨中央0.007”厚,0.40”直徑。 For smaller subjects, such as 5 inches 2 inches female, 115 pounds, wearing women size 71⁄2 shoes, the sensor configuration will include three layers, It contains three sets of force-sensitive resistors printed simultaneously in parallel and assembled as a single unit, as described below: an 800Ω sheet resistance molybdenum disulfide layer, screen printed on a 0.005” thick thermally stable polyester substrate, The 0.5" diameter circle is below the three dissection sites: the first metatarsal head (the ball of the foot), the fifth metatarsal base (outer arch), and the calcaneus center (the heel bone center). A split thickness spacer consists of 3M 467MP acrylic with adhesive on both sides, and a circular hole cut aligned to the same profile of 1a, b, c, with the following thickness and internal diameter: 0.004" of the first metatarsal head Thick, 0.45" diameter chamber, fifth metatarsal base 0.007" thick, 0.45" diameter, calcaneus center 0.007" thick, 0.40" diameter.

各孔具有通氣孔在導線之間排出。叉合傳導指部跡線0.015”寬,直徑0.5”之一圓形樣型以銀糊屏幕式印製於一第二0.005”厚熱穩定聚酯基片,對齊於如1a,b,c之相同剖析部位,具指部間隔:第一蹠骨頭部0.025”間隔,第五蹠骨基底0.020”間隔,跟骨中央0.025”間隔,自各組叉合指部0.015”寬或更寬之導體跡線同時地以銀糊屏幕式印製於後腳跟。 Each hole has a vent hole that is discharged between the wires. The forked conductive finger trace is a 0.015" wide, 0.5" diameter circular pattern printed on a silver paste screen in a second 0.005" thick thermally stable polyester substrate aligned to a 1a, b, c The same dissection site, with finger spacing: 0.025" spacing of the first metatarsal head, 0.020" spacing of the fifth metatarsal base, 0.025" spacing of the center of the calcaneus, conductor traces of 0.015" wide or wider from each set of interdigitated fingers Simultaneously printed on the back heel with a silver paste screen.

範例#6-剪力感測器 Example #6-Shear Sensor

一組FSR,其中取代一簡單FSR,各個裝置是正方形或長方形矩陣陣列(例如,2x2,2x3,等等)XYZ數化器墊,當輸出以二不同時間-多工化樣型被讀取時,如那些熟習本技術者所明白,其允許判定最大壓力點之正交力與剪力運動。越過該陣列之動態範圍可藉由變化介電質點數目與厚度或如此處討論變化其他的FSR特性/參數而被變 化。 A set of FSRs, in which a simple FSR is replaced, each device is a square or rectangular matrix array (eg, 2x2, 2x3, etc.) XYZ digitizer pad, when the output is read in two different time-multiplexed samples As understood by those skilled in the art, it allows for determining the orthogonal force and shear motion of the maximum pressure point. The dynamic range across the array can be varied by varying the number and thickness of dielectric dots or by changing other FSR characteristics/parameters as discussed herein. Chemical.

範例#7-FSR/加速計/無線組合 Example #7-FSR/Accelerometer/Wireless Combination

一範例#4FSR最佳化集合接線於鍍錫母連接器而接至一印製電路板,其包含一個三軸加速計與一藍牙晶片具韌體使能夠以一智慧型手機通訊及控制。資料收集同步於在藍牙晶片之內的內部時脈,其自智慧型手機全球定位系統時脈被設定。各資料集合包含來自三組FSR之電壓讀數、來自加速計的所有三軸之加速計讀數、及資料量測時之時戳(不是發送時間)。加速計與電子式封裝以彈簧鋼夾被附帶在鞋子外面之鞋帶區域、封裝在後腳跟空腔中、在鞋的足弓的空腔中、在鞋的舌部袋中、或插入鞋子背部之連接器(後跟或背縫)、收容在其它位置。各鞋子有此配備。沒有FSR之一分離藍牙致能加速計以彈簧鋼夾被附帶至主體腰帶的背面。來自所有三組裝置的資料因精確時戳而可以在任何位準之處理相關聯。 An example #4FSR optimized set connection is connected to a tin-plated female connector to a printed circuit board that includes a three-axis accelerometer and a Bluetooth chip with firmware to enable communication and control with a smart phone. Data collection is synchronized to the internal clock within the Bluetooth chip, which is set from the smartphone Global Positioning System clock. Each data set contains voltage readings from three sets of FSRs, all three-axis accelerometer readings from the accelerometer, and a time stamp (not the time of transmission) at the time of data measurement. Accelerometers and electronic packages with spring steel clips attached to the shoelace area outside the shoe, packaged in the rear heel cavity, in the cavity of the shoe's arch, in the shoe's tongue pocket, or inserted into the shoe back The connector (heel or back seam) is housed in other positions. Each shoe has this feature. Without a separate FSR, the Bluetooth enabled accelerometer is attached to the back of the body belt with a spring steel clip. Data from all three sets of devices can be correlated at any level of processing due to accurate time stamps.

範例#8-儀表化足球頭盔 Example #8 - Instrumented Football Helmet

一足球頭盔遭受大致地不同於足部蹠部表面之力量且因此需要不同的設計。鞋子底部感測器被預期具有步行和跑步之間加倍的動態範圍,但是不預期超出200psi。足球頭盔外部必須禁受得起高至1100psi之力,但是儘可能少地傳通至顱骨,最可能在100psi範圍,但是需要有較佳的精確度。頭盔遭受之力範圍比足部遭受者更均勻;因此,不需要分割間隔設計。在鬢角之內部力應該較低,因生理及頭盔設計以比後腦勺更大的程度保護這些更 脆弱的區域。外部感測器之介電質點大量延伸範圍而允許其他的設計參數大致地保持相同。 A football helmet suffers from a force that is substantially different from the surface of the ankle and therefore requires a different design. The shoe bottom sensor is expected to have a dynamic range that doubles between walking and running, but is not expected to exceed 200 psi. The outside of the football helmet must be able to withstand forces as high as 1100 psi, but pass as little as possible to the skull, most likely in the 100 psi range, but with better precision. The range of force the helmet is subjected to is more uniform than that of the foot; therefore, there is no need to divide the spacing design. The internal force in the temple should be lower, as the physiology and helmet design protects these to a greater extent than the back of the head. Fragile area. The dielectric mass of the external sensor has a large extent of extension allowing the other design parameters to remain approximately the same.

對於足球頭盔,這範例裝置具有二組四層包括同時地平行地印製之三組力敏電阻器且被組裝如一單一單元如下所述:一800Ω薄片電阻二硫化鉬層,屏幕式印製於一0.005”厚熱穩定聚酯基片,0.5”直徑圓,在三剖析部位之下:顱骨背部,在鬢角之上顱骨右方側,在鬢角之上顱骨左方側。 For a football helmet, this example device has two sets of four layers including three sets of force-sensitive resistors printed simultaneously in parallel and assembled as a single unit as follows: an 800 ohm sheet resistance molybdenum disulfide layer, screen printed on A 0.005" thick heat-stable polyester substrate, 0.5" diameter round, below the three dissection sites: the back of the skull, on the right side of the skull above the temple, on the left side of the skull above the temple.

一0.009”厚間隔包括3M之467MP丙烯酸,兩側端有黏膠,及圓形孔洞切割對齊於1a,b,c之相同剖析部位,具有下面的內部直徑:顱骨背部0.35”直徑,在鬢角之上顱骨右方側0.40”直徑,在鬢角之上顱骨左方側0.40”直徑。各孔具有通氣孔在導線之間排出。叉合傳導指部跡線0.015”寬,直徑0.5”之一圓形樣型以銀糊屏幕式印製於一第二0.005”厚熱穩定聚酯基片,對齊於如1a,b,c之相同剖析部位,具指部間隔如下所示:顱骨背部0.025”間隔,在鬢角之上顱骨右方側0.020”間隔,在鬢角之上顱骨左方側0.020”間隔。 A 0.009" thick spacer consists of 3M of 467MP acrylic, with adhesive on both sides, and a circular hole cut aligned to the same profile of 1a, b, c, with the following internal diameter: 0.35" diameter of the skull back, at the corner The right side of the upper skull is 0.40" in diameter, 0.40" in diameter on the left side of the skull above the temple. Each hole has a vent hole that is discharged between the wires. The forked conductive finger trace is a 0.015" wide, 0.5" diameter circular pattern printed on a silver paste screen in a second 0.005" thick thermally stable polyester substrate aligned to a 1a, b, c The same dissection site, with finger spacing as follows: 0.025" interval of the back of the skull, 0.020" spacing on the right side of the skull above the temple, 0.020" spacing on the left side of the skull above the temple.

對於頭盔外部感測器,具有0.1”x及y間隔之正方形陣列介電質點印製在指部區域之上以增加動態範圍至1100psi之足球頭盔額定值。0.015”寬或更寬之導體跡線同時地以銀糊自各組叉合指部屏幕式印製至安置於頭部背面之一連接尾部。 For helmet external sensors, a square array of dielectric dots with 0.1"x and y spacing is printed over the finger area to increase the dynamic range to a football helmet rating of 1100 psi. Conductor traces of 0.015" wide or wider The wires are simultaneously printed with silver paste from each set of interdigitated fingers to a connecting tail disposed on the back of the head.

由一側或兩側具黏膠,0.016”厚度及0.5”直徑之 矽橡膠薄片製成之促動器被應用在FSR區域之上以供應更通用/可重複的力促動器,其如典型的泡棉墊是不會隨時間改變。所有的三組聚合物層被切割成條帶的形狀,其尾部在頭部的背面,以允許電子設備導線包圍在其中它們附著於鍍錫母連接器的安全帽墊。這些層疊到頭盔的外側和墊部的內部,且連接到一印刷電路板,其包含一三軸加速計及一藍牙晶片,其具韌體能夠以肩墊中一分隔加速計之一記錄裝置引動通訊與控制。資料收集是讀出到側線上之一無線致能電腦且同步於在藍牙晶片之內的內部時脈,其從主電腦被設定且關聯於遊戲時脈。各資料集合包含來自六組FSR之電壓讀數、來自頭盔和護肩加速計的所有三軸之加速計讀數、及各個裝置之時戳。該等資料因精確時戳而可以在任何位準之處理相關聯。 Adhesive on one or both sides, 0.016" thickness and 0.5" diameter An actuator made of a rubber sheet is applied over the FSR region to supply a more versatile/repeatable force actuator that does not change over time as a typical foam pad. All three sets of polymer layers are cut into strips with tails on the back of the head to allow electronic device wires to surround the hard hat pads where they are attached to the tin-plated female connector. These are laminated to the outside of the helmet and the interior of the pad and are connected to a printed circuit board comprising a three-axis accelerometer and a Bluetooth chip, the firmware of which can be actuated by a recording device of a separate accelerometer in the shoulder pad Communication and control. The data collection is read out to one of the wireless enabled computers on the side line and synchronized to the internal clock within the Bluetooth chip, which is set from the host computer and is associated with the game clock. Each data set contains voltage readings from six sets of FSRs, all three-axis accelerometer readings from helmet and shoulder accelerometers, and time stamps for each device. Such data can be associated at any level of processing due to accurate time stamping.

列表I例示對於一足部(範例#4)及頭盔部位(範例#8)之FSR參數變化以最佳化動態範圍。 Listing I illustrates the FSR parameter changes for one foot (example #4) and the helmet portion (example #8) to optimize the dynamic range.

範例#9-遊戲控制器 Example #9-game controller

於一個論點中,感測器系統被介面於一電子遊戲,例如,一操縱臺遊戲、電腦遊戲、或移動式遊戲。這文件討論之本揭示可被使用如一控制器,供用於遊戲、角色遊戲、戰略遊戲、視訊遊戲、跳舞、和健康遊戲化。於另一論點中,使用一電腦裝置而轉換該等二個或更多個判定特性成為用以移動一虛擬世界中之一化身的一輸出信號或對應至一鍵盤輸出信號的一輸出信號之至少一者。於視訊遊戲情況中,該系統可介面於習見的電腦裝置(固定及移動式),其中鞋具上的不同感測器映射至通常控制器、滑鼠、操縱桿和鍵盤(圖24)。本揭示藉由允許在房屋及建築物的外面遊戲,地理標記分數和位置(圖25)而打開了新的遊戲體驗機會。任何鞋具成為現實世界的一個遊戲控制器。在這種情況下,該系統可以內部地與一個計算裝置或記錄資料現場通訊以供稍後處理。 In one argument, the sensor system is interfaced to an electronic game, such as a console game, a computer game, or a mobile game. The disclosure of this document discussion can be used as a controller for games, role games, strategy games, video games, dancing, and health gamification. In another aspect, using a computer device to convert the two or more decision characteristics into at least one output signal for moving one of the avatars in a virtual world or an output signal corresponding to a keyboard output signal One. In the case of video games, the system interfaces with conventional computer devices (fixed and mobile) in which different sensors on the shoe are mapped to the usual controller, mouse, joystick and keyboard (Fig. 24). The present disclosure opens up new gaming experience opportunities by allowing games, geotagging scores and locations (Figure 25) to be played outside of homes and buildings. Any shoe has become a game controller in the real world. In this case, the system can internally communicate with a computing device or record data for later processing.

範例#10-身體動作 Example #10 - Body Movement

已經發現,現有技術之鼓勵使用者身體動作之遊戲控制器或裝置實際上不能強制執行。它們不能在之間一主要身體動作和微小的手動作之間辨別。因此,他們很容易由使用者執行的把戲矇騙。例如任天堂之Wii控制器不能在一臂部及兩手指動作之間或走動和臂動作之間區別。同樣的問題也適用於智慧型手機的加速度計和健身手腕監控裝置。這實施例說明之穿戴式鞋具可對於各個使用者重量被組態。這特點減低篡改裝置(作弊)供操作的任 何可能性。為致動感測器,使用者之重量被使用以機械式界定“啟始感測器狀態”。 It has been found that prior art game controllers or devices that encourage the user's body movements are virtually unenforceable. They cannot be distinguished between a major body movement and a tiny hand movement. Therefore, they are easily fooled by the tricks performed by the user. For example, the Nintendo Wii controller cannot distinguish between an arm and a two-finger action or between a walking and arming action. The same problem applies to smart phone accelerometers and fitness wrist monitoring devices. The wearable footwear described in this embodiment can be configured for individual user weights. This feature reduces the tampering device (cheating) for operation What is the possibility. To actuate the sensor, the user's weight is used to mechanically define the "start sensor state."

為強制執行身體動作,本揭示使用使用者的重量作為輸入來致動控制器。在開關的情況下,複數個裝置可置於彼此的頂部(覆蓋)。在這種情況下,一個開關被設定為由使用者之重量被致動。一旦電子裝置檢測這信號,接著,其他的感測器成為作用且開始啟動操作。於FSR裝置情況中,感測器被最佳化以在使用者之重量界定之一臨限數值以上操作。這處理程序可使用一校正工具及可變的偏壓被進行。 To enforce body motion, the present disclosure uses the weight of the user as an input to actuate the controller. In the case of a switch, a plurality of devices can be placed on top of each other (covering). In this case, a switch is set to be actuated by the weight of the user. Once the electronic device detects this signal, then the other sensors become active and begin the startup operation. In the case of an FSR device, the sensor is optimized to operate above a threshold value defined by the user's weight. This process can be performed using a calibration tool and a variable bias voltage.

範例#11-跳舞 Example #11-Dancing

於跳舞情況中,一個人、一對夫婦或一組人可以使用感測器平台來評估和分析其性能。這種情況可以發生在人、在網際網路上、在電視上、或有現場通訊之任何其他類型的情況。舞者可以評估他們的動作作為時間的函數。如果需要的話,使用者身體上的其他感測點可以被安裝和聯網,如圖20所示,以產生更精確的身體動作表示。 In the case of dancing, a person, a couple, or a group of people can use the sensor platform to evaluate and analyze their performance. This can happen in people, on the Internet, on television, or in any other type of field communication. Dancers can evaluate their movements as a function of time. Other sensing points on the user's body can be installed and networked, if desired, as shown in Figure 20 to produce a more accurate representation of the body motion.

除了上述情況之外,有其他可能的感測平臺應用:供第三活動之控制器,例如視頻/音樂版之時間軸導航儀;機器控制器;用於機器人和遠距操作裝置之控制器;和另外自由度的致動控制器。 In addition to the above, there are other possible sensing platform applications: controllers for the third activity, such as the video/music version of the timeline navigator; machine controllers; controllers for robots and remote operating devices; And an actuation controller with additional degrees of freedom.

於另一論點中,該感測器系統被介面於一供負載動作評估之勞動力監控系統。於此情況中,該穿戴式感測平臺被使用於監控人員(例如快遞、倉庫工人和士兵), 例如,以評估重量負載、平衡和由於在工業用途貨櫃操作之實際超載的可能性。一乘務員管理應用可以被使用以減少人員的背部受傷,且藉由監控員工的流失而避免保費增加。 In another argument, the sensor system is interfaced to a labor monitoring system for load action evaluation. In this case, the wearable sensing platform is used by monitoring personnel (eg, express delivery, warehouse workers, and soldiers). For example, to assess the weight load, balance, and the likelihood of actual overload due to container operation in industrial use. A flight attendant management application can be used to reduce back injuries to personnel and to avoid increased premiums by monitoring employee turnover.

於一些實施例中,一化身可基於實際的活動被提供能量。一人員移動越多,他/她的化身得到更多能量或技巧。當由它們的使用者組對時,化身可對抗於虛擬挑戰者或遊戲。 In some embodiments, an avatar can be powered based on actual activity. The more a person moves, his or her avatar gets more energy or skill. The avatars can compete against virtual challengers or games when paired by their users.

系統800可被使用如一室外控制器,其使用於足部為基礎之運動硬體,例如滑板、滑雪、溜冰鞋、衝浪板、自行車和鞋子。一使用者可以用這些器具戲玩且資料可聚集至標準操縱臺視訊遊戲以賺取額外點數、生命、或技能。 System 800 can be used as an outdoor controller for foot-based athletic hardware such as skateboards, skis, skates, surfboards, bicycles, and shoes. A user can play with these instruments and the data can be aggregated to a standard console video game to earn extra points, life, or skill.

如上所述,於另一論點中,該感測器系統800是介面於一生物力學分析系統。本揭示實施例可以使用如一增強生物力學追踪器且可以安裝於任何類型的鞋具,如跑鞋、太空靴、登山鞋、涼鞋。這可讓使用者執行任何類型的活動,如跑酷、滑板、跑、跳、走、旋轉、登山、角色扮演遊戲、生活策略遊戲,等等,並量化了他/她的體力活動以供健身和績效考核(參見,例如,圖25)。 As noted above, in another aspect, the sensor system 800 interfaces with a biomechanical analysis system. Embodiments of the present disclosure may use, for example, an enhanced biomechanical tracker and may be mounted to any type of footwear, such as running shoes, space boots, hiking shoes, sandals. This allows the user to perform any type of activity, such as parkour, skateboarding, running, jumping, walking, spinning, climbing, role-playing games, life strategy games, etc., and quantify his/her physical activity for fitness. And performance appraisal (see, for example, Figure 25).

一些實施例可用於運動的康復和生物力學分析。於另一論點中,該感測器系統被介面於一擴音機、耳塞、耳機、或聲音產生裝置以提供至該主體之聽覺回授。此聽覺回授可被使用與使用者互動。例如,聲音樣本可被 鏈接至特定足部動作,例如,跳躍、傾斜、慢走、快走、以及蹲下。於此情況中,音訊可使用裝置(例如、擴音機、耳塞、以及耳機)被產生。 Some embodiments are useful for rehabilitation and biomechanical analysis of exercise. In another aspect, the sensor system is interfaced to a loudspeaker, earbuds, earphones, or sound producing device to provide an audible feedback to the subject. This auditory feedback can be used to interact with the user. For example, a sound sample can be Link to specific foot movements, such as jumping, tilting, slow walking, brisk walking, and squatting. In this case, audio can be generated using devices such as amplifiers, earbuds, and earphones.

雖然例示之實施例已被例示並且被說明,應了解,本發明可有各種改變而不脫離本發明之精神及範疇。 While the exemplified embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the invention may be

Claims (37)

一種判定藉由一主體進行之一活動的二個或更多個特性之方法,該方法包括下列步驟:a. 提供一感測器系統,該感測器系統包括:二個各別之足部感測器子系統,其各包括選自含有一力感測器、一加速計、以及一迴轉儀之族群的二個或更多個感測器裝置,其中各個足部感測器子系統被組態以產生包含裝置資料被產生之一相對時間的時戳裝置資料,其中該等足部感測器子系統之各者被組態以被耦合至該主體之一各別的足部;以及一資料處理器系統,其與該等足部感測器子系統之兩者通訊並且被安置而與該等足部感測器子系統之至少一者分離;b. 以該時戳裝置資料輸出為基礎而在對於各個足部感測器子系統之活動期間產生時戳活動資料;c. 將對於各個足部感測器子系統之該時戳活動資料通訊至該資料處理器系統;d. 關聯來自各個足部感測器子系統之該時戳活動資料以使用該資料處理器系統而提供關聯活動資料;並且e. 使用該資料處理器系統以使用該關聯活動資料而判定該主體之活動的二個或更多個特性。 A method of determining two or more characteristics of an activity by a subject, the method comprising the steps of: a. providing a sensor system comprising: two separate feet Sensor subsystems each comprising two or more sensor devices selected from the group consisting of a force sensor, an accelerometer, and a gyroscope, wherein each foot sensor subsystem is Configuring to generate time stamp device data including one of the relative time of generation of device data, wherein each of the foot sensor subsystems is configured to be coupled to a respective foot of the body; a data processor system in communication with both of the foot sensor subsystems and disposed to be separated from at least one of the foot sensor subsystems; b. outputting the time stamp device data Generating time stamp activity data during activity for each foot sensor subsystem; c. communicating the time stamp activity data for each foot sensor subsystem to the data processor system; d. Associating this from each foot sensor subsystem Poke activity data processor system to use this data to provide information related activities;. E to use and activity data and determines the association of two or more characteristics of the body of active use of the data processor system. 如請求項1之方法,其中各個足部感測器子系統進一步包括用以導出各個感測器裝置之一時戳的一時脈,其中各時脈是藉由與一主裝置通訊而同步。 The method of claim 1, wherein each of the foot sensor subsystems further comprises a clock for deriving a time stamp of each of the sensor devices, wherein each clock is synchronized by communicating with a master device. 如請求項1之方法,其中該資料處理器系統包含一顯示裝置。 The method of claim 1, wherein the data processor system comprises a display device. 如請求項1之方法,其中該等二個或更多個特性是選自含有平衡、越過一足部之重量分佈、被施加至足部之總重量、被施加至足部之部份重量、足部動作、足部轉動、足部方位、行經距離、足部高度、足部溫度、在足部上之局部性壓力、足部加速度、足部速度、以及在足部移活動期間之動態負載運動之族群。 The method of claim 1, wherein the two or more characteristics are selected from the group consisting of a balance, a weight distribution across a foot, a total weight applied to the foot, a partial weight applied to the foot, and a foot. Movement, foot rotation, foot orientation, travel distance, foot height, foot temperature, local pressure on the foot, foot acceleration, foot speed, and dynamic load motion during foot movement The ethnic group. 如請求項1之方法,其中該資料處理系統被介面於一電子遊戲,例如,一操縱臺遊戲、電腦遊戲、或移動式遊戲。 The method of claim 1, wherein the data processing system is interfaced to an electronic game, such as a console game, a computer game, or a mobile game. 如請求項1之方法,其中該感測器系統被介面於一擴音機、耳塞、耳機、或聲音產生裝置以提供至該主體之聽覺回授。 The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor system is interfaced to a microphone, earbuds, earphones, or sound producing device to provide an audible feedback to the subject. 如請求項1之方法,其中該感測器系統被介面於一供負載動作評估之勞動力監控系統。 The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor system is interfaced to a labor monitoring system for load action evaluation. 如請求項1之方法,其中該感測器系統被介面於一生物力學分析系統。 The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor system is interfaced to a biomechanical analysis system. 如請求項1之方法,其中該感測器系統被介面於以及時間關聯於除了足部外之身體部位的另外感測器。 The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor system is interfaced with and time associated with an additional sensor other than the body part of the foot. 如請求項1之方法,其中該感測器系統被組態以使用於 室內。 The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor system is configured to be used in indoor. 如請求項1之方法,其中該感測器系統被組態以使用於室外。 The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor system is configured for use outdoors. 如請求項1之方法,其進一步包括使用一電腦裝置而轉換該等二個或更多個判定特性成為用以移動一虛擬世界中之一化身的一輸出信號或對應至一鍵盤輸出信號的一輸出信號之至少一者。 The method of claim 1, further comprising converting the two or more decision characteristics into an output signal for moving one of the avatars in a virtual world or a corresponding one to a keyboard output signal using a computer device At least one of the output signals. 如請求項1之方法,其中該感測器系統進一步包括選自含有一全球定位系統、一加速計、一迴轉儀、一慣性導航單元、一力感測器、一剪力感測器、一壓力感測器、壓力感測器陣列、一溫度感測器、一脈搏感測器、以及一血壓感測器之族群的一個或多個另外感測器。 The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor system further comprises a device selected from the group consisting of a global positioning system, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, an inertial navigation unit, a force sensor, a shear sensor, and a A pressure sensor, a pressure sensor array, a temperature sensor, a pulse sensor, and one or more additional sensors of a population of blood pressure sensors. 如請求項1之方法,其中,於一簡化互連組態中,該等感測器子系統之至少一者包括被組態以供用於壓力檢測之複數個數位開關,該等複數個數位開關相鄰於該主體之足部底部被置放,其中該至少一感測器子系統包含一二進制加權階梯式數位-至-類比(D-A)轉換電路。 The method of claim 1, wherein in a simplified interconnection configuration, at least one of the sensor subsystems comprises a plurality of digital switches configured for pressure detection, the plurality of digital switches A bottom portion of the foot adjacent to the body is placed, wherein the at least one sensor subsystem includes a binary weighted stepped digital-to-analog ratio (DA) conversion circuit. 如請求項14之方法,其中該至少一感測器子系統被組態以要求對應至該主體之重量的一力量之施加以致動該等複數個數位開關。 The method of claim 14, wherein the at least one sensor subsystem is configured to require application of a force corresponding to the weight of the body to actuate the plurality of digital switches. 一種力敏基片,其包括具有一第一動態範圍之一第一力敏電阻(FSR)裝置以及具有一第二動態範圍之一第二 FSR裝置。 A force sensitive substrate comprising a first force sensitive resistor (FSR) device having a first dynamic range and a second dynamic range FSR device. 如請求項16之力敏基片,於其中該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置各具有二個FSR組態之至少一者:a. 於一分流模式FSR組態中,該FSR包含利用一基片被支持的一半導體材料層、包括一中央洞孔的至少一間隔層、及包括驅動在前述二層之間的一接觸區域之一叉合樣型的電極之第二層;以及b. 於一直通模式FSR組態中,該FSR裝置包含各利用一堅固傳導墊被列印及利用一半導體材料被套印的二基片,其中該等二基片彼此面對被置放,並且其中該等二基片藉由包括一中央洞孔的一間隔層而被分隔。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the first FSR device and the second FSR device each have at least one of two FSR configurations: a. In a shunt mode FSR configuration, the FSR includes utilization a substrate of a semiconductor material supported by the substrate, at least one spacer layer including a central via, and a second layer comprising electrodes of a fork-like type that drives a contact region between the two layers; and b In an all-pass mode FSR configuration, the FSR device includes two substrates each printed with a solid conductive pad and overprinted with a semiconductor material, wherein the two substrates are placed facing each other, and wherein The two substrates are separated by a spacer layer comprising a central aperture. 如請求項16之力敏基片,其中該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置之一者被組態以量測在一部位之一施加力及一位置,其中該等FSR裝置進一步地包括下列之至少一者:a. 一線性電位計FSR,其被組態以量測相對於一平移軸之該部位的一位置且量測在該部位之一力量;b. 一XYZ數化器FSR陣列,其被組態以量測相對於二平移軸之該部位的一位置且量測在該部位之一力量;以及c. 一FSR矩陣陣列,其被組態以量測相對於三平移軸之該部位的一位置且量測在該部位之一力量。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the first FSR device and one of the second FSR devices are configured to measure a force applied to a portion and a position, wherein the FSR devices further comprise At least one of the following: a. a linear potentiometer FSR configured to measure a position of the portion relative to a translational axis and measure a force at the location; b. an XYZ digitizer FSR An array configured to measure a position relative to the portion of the two translation axes and measure a force at the portion; and c. an array of FSR matrices configured to measure relative to the three translation axes A location of the location and measure the strength of one of the locations. 一足部感測裝置,其包括: 如請求項16之力敏基片,其中該力敏基片之該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置牢固地被密封在該力敏基片的一主要部分之內,並且其中該力敏基片被組態以當該力敏基片改變形狀時保持該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置牢固地被密封在該力敏基片之內。 A foot sensing device comprising: The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the first FSR device of the force sensitive substrate and the second FSR device are securely sealed within a main portion of the force sensitive substrate, and wherein the force sensitive The substrate is configured to maintain the first FSR device and the second FSR device securely sealed within the force sensitive substrate when the force sensitive substrate changes shape. 如請求項16之力敏基片,其中該第一FSR裝置之該第一動態範圍以及該第二FSR裝置之該第二動態範圍的至少一者被最佳化,以至於在該第一FSR裝置之該第一動態範圍以及該第二FSR裝置之該第二動態範圍的至少一者之一最小以及一最大輸出電壓之間的差量是大約為二之因數。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the first dynamic range of the first FSR device and at least one of the second dynamic range of the second FSR device are optimized such that the first FSR is A difference between at least one of the first dynamic range of the device and the second dynamic range of the second FSR device and a maximum output voltage is a factor of about two. 如請求項16之力敏基片,其中該第一FSR裝置之該第一動態範圍或該第二FSR裝置之該第二動態範圍藉由修改該FSR裝置之下列特性的至少一者而被修改:a. 一FSR之一間隔物厚度;b. 在一FSR的一間隔層中之一中央洞孔的一直徑;c. 一間隔物硬度計(Durometer)硬度;d. 在一FSR的叉合傳導指部之間的一間隔;e. 一FSR之叉合傳導指部的一寬度;f. 電阻層之一厚度;g. 一傳導指部基片材料之一厚度;h. 一電阻層之一硬度計硬度或一傳導指部基片材 料之一硬度計硬度;i. 一電阻層之一薄片電阻;j. 介電質點之一數量;以及k. 一偏壓,其被提供至一FSR以當使用一轉阻抗放大器時動態地改變該FSR之一敏感性。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the first dynamic range of the first FSR device or the second dynamic range of the second FSR device is modified by modifying at least one of the following characteristics of the FSR device : a. a spacer thickness of one FSR; b. a diameter of a central hole in a spacer layer of an FSR; c. a Durometer hardness; d. a fork in an FSR a spacing between the conductive fingers; e. a width of the FSR cross-conducting conductive finger; f. a thickness of the resistive layer; g. a thickness of one of the conductive finger substrate materials; h. Hardness tester or a conductive finger base sheet One hardness of the hardness tester; i. one sheet resistance of a resistive layer; j. the number of dielectric dots; and k. a bias voltage that is supplied to an FSR to dynamically change when using a one-impedance amplifier One of the sensitivity of the FSR. 如請求項16之力敏基片,其中該第一FSR裝置被組態以量測在一足部上之一第一預定剖析部位的一力量以及該等第二FSR裝置被組態以量測在該足部上之一第二預定剖析部位的一力量。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the first FSR device is configured to measure a force of a first predetermined profile portion on a foot and the second FSR device is configured to measure A force on a second predetermined portion of the foot. 如請求項22之力敏基片,其進一步包括一第三FSR裝置,其中該第一FSR裝置被組態以量測在第一蹠骨之頭部的一力量,該第二FSR裝置被組態以量測在第五蹠骨之基部的一力量,並且該第三FSR裝置被組態以量測大約在跟骨的一力量。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 22, further comprising a third FSR device, wherein the first FSR device is configured to measure a force at a head of the first tibia, the second FSR device being configured A force is measured at the base of the fifth metatarsal, and the third FSR device is configured to measure a force about the calcaneus. 如請求項16之力敏基片,其中該力敏基片被調大小並且被組態以匹配一鞋底,一鞋墊、或剖析部位之一樣型。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the force sensitive substrate is sized and configured to match a sole, an insole, or a profiled portion. 如請求項16之力敏基片,其中該等第一FSR裝置以及第二FSR裝置平行同時地被製造以及被組裝如一單一單元。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the first FSR device and the second FSR device are fabricated in parallel and assembled as a single unit. 如請求項16之力敏基片,其中該第一FSR裝置以及該第二FSR裝置被附著至或被嵌入鞋之鞋底中。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the first FSR device and the second FSR device are attached to or embedded in a sole of the shoe. 如請求項16之力敏基片,其中該力敏基片被附著至或被嵌入一鞋墊中。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the force sensitive substrate is attached to or embedded in an insole. 如請求項16之力敏基片,其中該力敏基片被附著至或被嵌入一運動設備片段中。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 16, wherein the force sensitive substrate is attached to or embedded in a motion device segment. 如請求項28之力敏基片,其中該運動設備是一頭盔或防護墊。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 28, wherein the exercise device is a helmet or a protective pad. 如請求項28之力敏基片,其中該運動設備包括一個或多個下列者:一球、一球棒、一高爾夫球桿、一自行車座、一滑雪板、或一滑板。 The force sensitive substrate of claim 28, wherein the exercise device comprises one or more of the following: a ball, a bat, a golf club, a bicycle seat, a snowboard, or a skateboard. 一種用以量測一主體之一類比脈搏波形的系統,該系統包括沿著一血管被置放之複數個力敏電阻器(FSR),其中各FSR被組態以量測由該血管所施加的一力量,其中所量測之血管力量是一血壓特性之表示,並且其中一主體之一類比脈搏波形藉由組合各FSR之所量測血壓特性而被判定。 A system for measuring an analog pulse waveform of an object, the system comprising a plurality of force sensitive resistors (FSR) placed along a blood vessel, wherein each FSR is configured to measure a blood vessel applied by the blood vessel A force in which the measured blood vessel strength is a representation of a blood pressure characteristic, and one of the main analog waveforms is determined by combining the measured blood pressure characteristics of the respective FSRs. 一種生物特徵感測之方法,其包括藉由比較一使用者之類比脈搏波形與一已知的類比脈搏波形而辨識依據請求項31之一系統的使用者。 A method of biometric sensing includes identifying a user of a system according to one of the request items 31 by comparing a user analog pulse waveform to a known analog pulse waveform. 如請求項31之系統,其中該系統進一步地被組態以判定一足動脈脈搏。 The system of claim 31, wherein the system is further configured to determine a one-way arterial pulse. 如請求項31之系統,其中該系統是一個環形物之部份。 The system of claim 31, wherein the system is part of a ring. 如請求項31之系統,其中該系統被附帶至一手腕。 A system as claimed in claim 31, wherein the system is attached to a wrist. 如請求項31之系統,其中該系統是在可撓性或伸展性的一貼片或一基片上。 The system of claim 31, wherein the system is on a patch or a substrate that is flexible or stretchable. 一種用以判定藉由一主體進行之一活動的二個或更多 個特性之系統,該系統包括:a. 二個各別的足部感測器子系統,其中該等足部感測器子系統之各者被置放而相鄰至該主體之一各別的足部,並且其中各個足部感測器子系統包括選自含有一力感測器、一加速計、以及一迴轉儀之族群的二個或更多個感測器裝置,其中各個足部感測器子系統被組態以輸出時戳量測資料,其中該輸出的時戳量測資料包含該量測資料被量測之相對時間;以及b. 一自該等足部感測器子系統之至少一者分離地被安置的處理系統,其中該等二個各別足部感測器子系統以及該處理系統被組態而彼此通訊資料,其中該處理系統進一步被組態以進行下列步驟:接收對於各足部感測器子系統之時戳活動資料;關聯對於各個足部感測器子系統之該時戳活動資料以提供關聯活動資料;並且使用該關聯活動資料以判定該主體之活動的二個或更多個特性。 One or more used to determine one of the activities performed by a subject A system of features comprising: a. two separate foot sensor subsystems, wherein each of the foot sensor subsystems is placed adjacent to one of the subjects Foot, and wherein each foot sensor subsystem comprises two or more sensor devices selected from the group consisting of a force sensor, an accelerometer, and a gyroscope, wherein each foot The sensor subsystem is configured to output a timestamp measurement data, wherein the output timestamp measurement data includes a relative time at which the measurement data is measured; and b. a sensor sensor from the foot A processing system in which at least one of the systems is separately disposed, wherein the two respective foot sensor subsystems and the processing system are configured to communicate with each other, wherein the processing system is further configured to perform the following Step: receiving time stamp activity data for each foot sensor subsystem; associating the time stamp activity data for each foot sensor subsystem to provide associated activity data; and using the associated activity data to determine the subject Two or more of the activities Characteristics.
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