TW201037230A - Lighting apparatus and display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Color mixture by dispersion has difficult radiation angle control and low efficiency, therefore it realizes the lighting apparatus and the display apparatus which mix colors with control of radiation angle and in high efficiency. It sets up one diagonal of a lozenge-shaped refraction plane on base plane, and contacts each other in adjacent side of lozenge-shaped refraction plane in upward of base plane, and adjacent side of a lozenge-shaped refraction plane in the lower part, namely it becomes trigonal pyramid refraction grating with bump and hollow, and the grating inclination angle γ between normal line of a lozenge-shaped refraction plane and base plane, which is set by difference with incident angle α to refraction plane and refraction angle β. By the above structure, parallel light from light source of three directions enters into only each refraction plane of facing toward light source, and be refracted in a perpendicular direction of base plane, and be radiated in the same direction with mixing. The liquid crystal display apparatus which used the above, parallel light enters into the side of the light-guide plate which has trigonal pyramid refraction grating 4 in radiation surface and convex mirror 5 in base surface, three colors of parallel light expand flux of light by convex mirror, and reflect to trigonal pyramid refraction grating, and irradiate to the pixel which is consisted of lozenge-shaped sub-pixel.

Description

201037230 mirror 5 in base surface, three colors of parallel light expand flux of light by convex mirror, and reflect to trigonal pyramid refraction grating, and irradiate to the pixel which is consist of > lozenge-shaped sub-pixel. Figure·· (1) The representative representative of the case is: (20). * (2) A brief description of the symbol of the representative figure: 5A, 5C: convex reflecting surface u 15A: refractive surface 24: light guide plate 27A, 27C: sub-pixel. 2 8 : liquid crystal holding substrate 4 8 : polarizing plate 5 If there is a chemical formula in this case, please disclose the chemical formula that best shows the characteristics of the invention: • Sixth, the invention description: [Technical field of the invention] The present invention relates to controlling the light emission from the reflective element or the refractive element constituting the lattice shape A llghting apparatus and a display apparatus for improving the color-emitting direction of a component, and a display apparatus. 3 3, 2010, 372. [Prior Art] A semiconductor light emitting device (semiconductor light emitting .ele«ient) is small, high-efficiency, It is widely used in various display devices, illumination devices, and the like because of its excellent characteristics such as long life, low voltage operation, high speed response, and the like. • The liquid crystal display device uses a three-color light-emitting element even if it is a discontinuous spectrum generated by three primary color light-emitting elements of red, green, and blue, because the intermediate color is displayed by the three-color control signal. 3 primary colors of light. In the case where the three-color light-emitting elements are disposed on the inner surface of the cone and the color mixture distance of the back scattering is elongated (Fig. 40' Patent Document 1), the absorption accompanying the multiple reflection is increased and the efficiency is lowered. Although it is possible to store the three-color light-emitting elements in the same package, the slope of the mirror close to the light-emitting element is steep and steep, and the difference between the distance and angle of each light-emitting element and the mirror is relaxed. (Fig. 41, Patent Document 2), but only a part of them can be uniformly mixed. It is difficult to sufficiently mix the three color light-emitting elements in the same package, and the following fluorescent white light emitting diodes are often used for reasons such as the difference in the power supply voltage of the elements. The blue light of the blue light-emitting diode is irradiated to the yellow phosphor, and the spectrum of the fluorescent white light-emitting diode using the complementary color is composed of two peaks of a sharp blue and a gentle yellow field. (Patent Document 3). It is a red domain, very few, and green also has a strong blue spectral characteristic of large valleys. However, since the fluorescent white light-emitting diode can be easily manufactured in comparison with the color mixture of the three primary colors, it is used as a backlight (backlight) of a liquid crystal display device such as a mobile phone or the like, and an LED bulb or the like. 4 201037230 Due to the increase in the luminous efficiency of semiconductor light-emitting devices, light-emitting diodes smaller than fluorescent lamps are used for illumination. Since the allowable temperature of the light-emitting diode is *the rise is smaller than that of other light sources. A large beam requires a large number of crystal grains (ch i p ) and is expensive, so that the efficiency is considered to be a strong blue spectrum. The fluorescent body near the yellow-green color with the excite luminous efficiency function (ph〇t〇pic lumin〇us • efficiency function) of the blue light-emitting diode is used to supplement the fluorescent white light with complementary color. In the case of general illumination, the illuminated body of the red or valley band is darker than the white light of the continuous spectrum. A method of mixing a magenta phosphor or the like, or replacing a part of the crucible with a crucible and shifting it to the long wavelength side to improve the color rendering property (c〇1〇r rendering) Document 3). When the color filter (c〇1〇r f i丨ter) is cut into three colors from the white light backlight source, 2/3 of the light amount is absorbed by the color filter, and the efficiency is lowered. Instead of using a color filter, a method of using three primary color light-emitting elements and adding additive mixture is provided in the light guide plate with the same number of pixels as 45. The groove is a proposal of superimposing three layers of the light guide plate on the liquid crystal surface in the direction of the 0-plate at the interface of the groove (Fig. 42, Patent Document 4). A light shielding layer is disposed at an interface of the plurality of rod-shaped light guides to shield the light of the color difference of the plurality of light-emitting ones and propagate in the rod-shaped light guide body, so that the color filter does not supply the three colors of light to the liquid crystal A method of streaking is proposed (Fig. 43, Patent Document 5). A liquid crystal display device in which a three-color light source is provided on three sides of a liquid crystal panel, and a four-cone is arranged in a matrix shape on the light guide plate, and a predetermined pixel of the liquid crystal panel is irradiated by a sloped surface of the quadrangular pyramid is proposed (FIG. 44, Patent Document 6). 5 201037230 There is a proposal to spread parallel light of three primary colors to a light guide plate in which a convex reflecting surface is arranged in a terrace shape, and to expand and reflect the light beam in the pixel direction, and to distribute the reflected light of each color into stripes by the reflection/transmission element (Fig. 45, Patent Document 7). Because there are 90 in the apex angle and the valley angle. The bottom surface of the prism is incident on both sides of the light of two colors incident in two directions. The light incident on the slope of the incident angle is large. The refracted light is mixed and emitted in the same direction, and is incident on the slope of the incident angle. The light becomes above the critical angle and is totally reflected, so it returns to the other source. In order to utilize the returned light, a configuration in which a bandpass mirror is used to emit light from the side of the light source is proposed (Fig. 4, Patent Document 8). A three-wavelength cold cathode tube is often used as a light source for photography. However, since the fluorescent material of each color is a line spectrum (Ηη6 Spectrum), the unevenness of the wavelength characteristics is large, and accurate color reproduction cannot be performed (c〇l〇). r reproduction). The half value of the iumin〇us intensity of the light-emitting diode becomes a half value of the peak, and the half value width is 20 nm to 60 nm. Therefore, the use of 6 colors to 9 colors covers the visible light region. (Patent Document 7). 〇In the lens (iens) in which seven kinds of light-emitting elements are arranged in the center of the substrate and enclosed in a shallower focal plane, the color of the scattering layer in the focal plane is mixed, and the half-peak of each color is displayed. The wavelength of (half-peak wavelength) is connected to and forms white light, which is used as a light source for converters. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. JP-A-2004-87935 (Patent Document 3) Japanese Patent No. 3246386 No. 6 201037230 [Patent Literature Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei. No. Hei. No. 2006-323221 (Patent Document 6) Japanese Patent Publication No. 2006-323221 (Patent Document 7) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei. No. 2008-218154. [Summary of the Invention] Since the light-emitting elements of three colors are arranged in the same package, the inclination of the mirror in the vicinity of the light-emitting element element is obtained. The k case of Patent Document 1 in which structural color mixing such as steepness is different from the distance from the respective light-emitting elements to the mirror, and thus a color unevenness according to the arrangement of the crystal grains is generated. It is difficult to mix colors by regular reflection. Therefore, the scattering layer on the inner surface of the cone is used to scatter back, and the color mixture such as the distance of the emission is longly dispersed. Therefore, the reflected light returns to the light source side and is absorbed during multiple reflection. Reduced efficiency. A white light-emitting diode that illuminates a complementary color of a blue light-emitting diode to a yellow phosphor has a sharp spectrum of blue light and a gentle yellow-yellow spectrum, and the red and cyan domains are insufficient (patent Document 3). With the increase of the blending ratio of the phosphor, the peak of the blue light is lowered, the peak of the fluorescent light is increased, and the fluorescent light is yellow when it passes through the fluorescent body in the traveling direction. In the case of a yellow phosphor, the phosphor is colored and opaque, and the fluorescence conversion rate to the fluorescent wavelength is low, so it is absorbed. If the compensation absorption increases the phosphor blending ratio, the efficiency is further lowered. The fluorescent white light-emitting diode is a light-lighting illumination with a light-emitting blue light having a large blue light spectrum and an average color rendering. 7 201037230 In order to improve the color rendering, the phosphor of a wide-band mixture is mixed with a blending ratio of the luminous efficiency in accordance with the conversion efficiency and the luminous efficiency function. Since the amount of the long-wavelength phosphor increases in the luminous efficiency function, the conversion efficiency, the degraded red color, etc., the light emitted by the long-wavelength phosphor is absorbed only in the short-wavelength phosphor and is not subjected to the firefly. Light conversion, so - the need to increase the amount of phosphors. The yellow fluorescent light is illuminated to the yellow phosphor. The rate and the red fluorescent light are also increased to the red fluorescent body, and the efficiency is lowered. Therefore, mixing and dispersing a plurality of kinds of phosphors realizes a continuous spectrum of white light with reduced efficiency. problem. Instead of using a color filter, a method of using three primary color light-emitting elements and adding color mixing is used, and the light guide plate is provided with the same number of pixels as 45. The groove is superimposed on the light guide plate in which the interface of the groove is totally reflected in the direction of the liquid crystal panel. The proposal of Document 4 is to provide a slope of -45° which is the same as the number of subpixels. The thickness of 1/3 of the width of the face is required to be ΙΟΟπππ thick in each of the three layers of the screen width, which is expensive due to the man-hours of the groove in which the number of stripes is processed. In the case of a plurality of rod-shaped light guides, the light in the bleed area is propagated in the rod-shaped light guide body, and the patent reading 5 which does not use the color filter to supply light to the liquid crystal strip level is difficult to bind the purple quilt. It is manufactured by a linear light guide member having a wide sub-pixel width. When the light-transmissive sheet is laminated, the tolerance of the sheet thickness is integrated, and the pixel size of the liquid crystal is transmitted by the diffused light to the light-transmitting material separated by the respective light-shielding layers. Inside,* . The case of the film is that each reflection is absorbed and the farther and darker. In the light guide plate, a plurality of reflectors composed of a quadrangular pyramid are disposed, and the proposal of the patent document 6 in which the three primary colors of light from the direction of the 3, 2010, 372, 30 are reflected and mixed with the color is masked by the square pyramid, and only the inverted When the reflected light of the v-type illuminates the oblique and oblique parallel light to the quadrangular pyramid, it also shines on the side surface, so that it becomes a scattered light person. It becomes unclear to other pixels. Patent Document 7 in which a light-conducting plate having a convex reflecting surface and a reflecting/transmissive element are arranged in a stripe shape is proposed to be correctly aligned by using two types of light guiding elements of different configurations. The light-emitting diode of the traffic light (trafflc light) is wide because of the directivity of the lens, the station is stationed, and the self-destructive, |_, the waste current is radiated to the sky and the current consumption is large. In the case of (4) on the side of the intersection, there are many conditions such as a three-way road that requires a visor. Because of the acceptance of the sun, the two lights that are not lit are also lit up, so there is a visor that shields the sun. Patent Document 8 is a structure in which a slanted refracting surface is refracted toward the bottom surface in a vertical direction, and light incident on a pair of other refracting surfaces has an incident angle of a critical angle or more, so total reflection and return to Other side of the light source. By using a band-pass mirror to reflect the total reflected light and using it, it can be lost, but it is complicated and expensive. When the long-axis direction of the thin rectangular reflecting surface is orthogonal to the traveling direction of the parallel light from the light source and is arranged on the reference surface, the short-axis direction interaction of the thin rectangular reflecting surface is ±30. The slopes are arranged in a triangular wave shape, and a triangular wave-shaped reflection grating 4 is formed. The triangular wave-shaped reflection grating is arranged to be disposed at a symmetrical position with a parallel light source 30 obliquely above the short axis direction of the thin rectangular reflecting surface. The direction of the construction is in the drawing. Since the pair of reflecting surfaces of the parallel light source and the triangular wave grating are horizontally 9 201037230, they cannot enter the reflecting surface disposed on the side of the pair of parallel light sources, and are located from the horizontal plane 30. The parallel light source above is a flat light that is reflected by the light source in the direction of the light source of the two chord mirrors. When the parallel light of the light source directed to the reflecting surface is incident on the reflecting surface, it is incident on both sides vertically. If the slope of the triangular wave grating and the slope angle of the oblique light are ", • the angle formed by the normal of the slope plane and the vertical direction is stone, then the slope 1 and the stone are 30 as in Equation 1. [Formula 1] 2α+]3 = α + 20 = 9Ο° ·_·α = β = 3 0 The reflected light from the left and right parallel light sources becomes the comb shape according to the opposite side of the light source side, from the left and right The parallel light is a reflected light that is alternately arranged in a comb shape. If a stripe of a size that cannot recognize the grating pitch (pi tch) is visually recognized and the left and right parallel light sources are made into two colors of different colors, additive color mixing is performed. In order to make the emitted light into diffused light or convergent light, a radiation angle can be controlled by using a lens, a reflection, a mirror, or the like in combination, but the radiation angle can be controlled by making the grating reflection surface a curved surface without depending on the lens. A side view showing a state in which the reflection grating is formed by the convex reflection surface 5 and the light beam is enlarged is shown in Fig. 2. When the radiation angle directions of the pair of curved surfaces are not equal, the color direction is caused by only one component due to the direction of the viewing. In Figure 2, in the valley of the grating The reflected light of the left side source light is parallel to the reflected light of the right side source light in the top of the grating, and the reflected light of the left side source light in the top of the grating is also parallel to the reflected light of the right side source light in the valley of the 201037230. Even if the diffused light is emitted in parallel through the light in the range, the light is uniformly mixed in pairs. • The inclination α of the incident light to determine the radiation angle 7 from the vertical direction is displayed, and the top slope α and the valley are displayed. The slope point is related to Equation 2 and Figure 3. [Formula 2] % Call = 45. One α/2 + γ/2 n In the radiation angle r = 6, α = 28, /5 = 34. In the radiation angle r 〇-30, α=20°, cold=50°. In addition to the radiation angle 7, the illumination device needs to add an error angle of 0 caused by the size of the light-emitting element. If the focus is set at the focus of the parabolic mirror 6 In the case of the element 1, the parallel light can be obtained. However, since the crystal grain size of the light-emitting diode is about 25 μm on each side, the size of the light-emitting element disposed at the focus of the parabolic mirror is from the center portion and the periphery. The light emitted by the portion produces an optical path difference with an error from the parallel light shown in Figure 4. The error angle 平行 of the parallel light emitted from the periphery is the length r from the center to the outer circumference of the light-emitting element, the coordinates m (X, y) of the parabolic mirror, and the focal length p of the 以 are expressed by the formula 3 'in order to reduce the error angle 0 Increase the focal length. [Equation 3] e^tan"1 {(px) / (yr)} - ta n"1 {(px) /y} ' Displayed in order to mix 3 colors with a triangular wavy grating, on a tilted reflective surface - The structure in which the translucent opening is provided at the bottom is shown in Fig. 5. In order not to incline the light to the opening portion, the inclination 0 s of the reflecting surface is required to be 3 5. 3 [Formula 4] 201037230 ta η θ r= tan (tc/2 — 2 · Θβ) 〇t ( 2 ^ Θ β)

—__G ° t a θ s" 1 2 c 〇 t Θ S = t a n0s/2 ** t a ϊι 2 0g= 1/2 6s=tan-1 ·=3:5_26. (1/2/-2) =19.47* • The inclination of the incident angle &amp is 19.5°. Therefore, the light converted into parallel light has a larger size in the thickness direction of the source portion, and the size of the light source unit suitable for the front is not Projectors that will be affected, etc.进行 It is the same as the reflected light that is alternately arranged in a comb shape by the reflected light from the left and right parallel light sources, and is set to be the same as if the slope is 3〇. The dichroic reflecting surface reflects the parallel light in the three directions to the wrong direction, and then mixes and emits in a delta arrangement of equilateral triangles. The light source that is incident on the cube-cone reflecting surface is disposed in the '3 direction as shown in Fig. 6 and faces downward 30 toward the reference surface. Since the arrangement of the illumination is such that the incident surface other than the opposite light source is not shielded by the triangular pyramid. Since the gradient plane is the same as the triangular wavy grating, and the mixed color light of three colors is emitted as parallel light in the straight direction in the reference plane, it can be used as the three primary colors. The light source of the display device or the like is used. If the triangular pyramid is formed by a convex shape and a concave shape, the shape of the inclined surface in the three directions of the upper and lower triangular joints is as shown in Fig. 2 • It is a combination diamond. Fig. 6 is a datum line showing the reference surface of the triangular pyramid, and 〇 • indicates the top of the convex triangular pyramid, and • indicates the valley of the concave triangular pyramid. The triangular wavy grating can also be formed by a refracting surface, and is shown in Fig. 7 in a state in which the plane light is incident by two directions and forms a triangular wave. Refractive grating (refractive grating) constitutes the refraction of the material 12 201037230 is n2 'the refractive index of the surrounding medium (medium) is the light incident on the right oblique plane of the refractive grating by the right side light source at the incident angle α by the formula 5 〇) • Snell's law is refracted by the refraction angle 彡. In parallel, the angle of the oblique plane incident on the triangular wave-shaped refractive grating is 7 pairs of refractive surfaces of the core line, and the right side light source is incident only on the right inclined surface, because the sloped surface is symmetric with the *incident light, so the left side The light source is the same. By setting the slope angle r of the triangular wave-shaped refractive grating with the difference between the stone and α as shown in the formula 5 (2), the refracted light of both directions is emitted in parallel to the center line. If the angle δ is incident on the horizontal plane of the refractive grating by the right and left symmetry, it is incident on the refractive surface at an angle α, so that it is mixed and emitted as parallel light. [Formula 5] (1) (2) (3) n2 si η α = η isi η j3 7 = /3-α n2s iny = nlS ΐηδ Polymethylmethacrylate of light-transmitting polymer not represented by decyl acrylate :PMMA) and α, 0 r in poly(p〇lyCarb〇nate: PC), examples of carbonates.

By refracting the first grid and making the directions of the shots uniform, as shown in Fig. 8, the first color mixture from the three sides can be seen from the top. The 3 degrees of the triangular cone are the center line r, and the 氺A 〇 slope angle is from the 3 direction of the parallel spot bottom incident angle (5. Because of the bottom surface of the light; 4 2 6 '' bottom surface It is incident only on the 201037230 plane of the traveling direction and parallel to the other two sides, so it is not incident. The 8 is the parallel pupil of the light source 右侧 on the right side, and is refracted by the bottom surface, and is incident on the refractive surface of the left side of the corner cone and refracted. The rear shot is straight. The light source from the left side is arranged, and the B parallel light B is refracted by the refractive surface on the right side of the pyramid and then emitted from the lead. The parallel light c from the light source c disposed on the front side of the left hand is used. • After that, the refracting surface on the inner side of the pyramid is refracted and then emitted. The refracting surface on the inner + side is shaded in Fig. 8. 〇 If a plurality of triangular pyramids are arranged on the reference plane in the same direction - the pyramidal refractive surface The three directions of parallel light are refracted and mixed to emit a space which is oriented toward the reference plane in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the triangular pyramid. Even if the space is provided with a convex three', Shot in the vertical direction' In the space, the concave triangular ridges of the concave-shaped triangular ridges are connected to each other by the upper and lower ridges, and the shape of the inclined refracting surfaces is not the combination of the diamonds. : By setting the diagonal of the square of the diamond to the reference plane i, the contact is arranged adjacent to the adjacent side of the rhombic refractive surface on the upper side of the reference angle, and the triangular pyramidal refractive grating is convex toward the reference. The contact arrangement is more than the diagonal line; the adjacent side of the refractive surface forms a concave/refractive grating recessed from the reference surface, and the difference between the incident angle of the refractive surface and the angle of refraction and the normal of the reference surface The slope angle is such that the material having a large surrounding medium constitutes a triangular pyramidal refractive grating 'and is emitted from the high to the low refractive index side. The parallel light source from the three directions is self-disposed in the direction of the angle of incidence α, and is refracted in the straight direction at the bottom surface. The bottom surface is refracted to the vertical direction, and the angle of the reference square pyramid is also formed by the angle of the triangular pyramid which is opposite to the upper side of the refractory surface on the refracting surface of the 9-shaped refractive surface. Each side of the rate side parallel light 201037230 I is incident only on the refracting surface of the side opposite to the light source and is refracted vertically above the reference plane to make it coincide with the exit direction. • ® 9 is a triangular cone with a dotted line. The bottom surface of the convex triangle is the top of the cone. The y indicates the valley of the concave triangular polygon. The shape of the refractive surface is a diamond shape. However, since it is a combination of a convex triangular pyramid and a concave triangular pyramid, it is called It is a two-cone refractive index 4. If it is formed by a convex triangular pyramid and a concave double pyramid, it can illuminate the parallel light to the diamond that opposes the parallel light without waste. The light source that illuminates the refractive surface of the triangular cone is as shown in Fig. 8. Since it is arranged in the 〇3 square ′′, the illuminating surface is irradiated at the angle of the elevation at the elevation angle. Therefore, the refracting surface has no structure other than the incident light source, and is not shielded by the triangular pyramid. Since the mixed color light of three colors is emitted as parallel light in the vertical direction of the reference surface, it can be used for a light source of the three primary color display devices. : In the case where the light incident on the refracting grating is parallel light, it is necessary to arrange a large space of a plurality of parallel light sources on the display y-plane, a needle-forming, and a thin-conical refracting grating. Right on the exit surface side of the light guide plate G forms a convex reflection surface on the bottom surface of the light guide plate 5 kg =: 4, • oblique parallel light incident on the convex reflection surface 5 will be from the side of the guide plate to the bottom surface

^ ^ 匕 convex reflecting surface 5, then reflects and enlarges the light travel 0S to the triangular cone refracting grating. The nine beams are reflected and reflected, and the beam sub-pixel 27 is enlarged by the self-heavy convex reflecting surface: the refractive grating is refracted and enlarged The appearance of the width w of the incident portion in the illuminated surface is shown in FIG. By the curved surface along the convex: the circumference of the surface, the mouth is convex and inverse. The width of the sub-pixel to the illuminated surface is the beam expansion. If the thickness of the light-emitting portion is thicker than that of the liquid crystal-holding substrate, the width of the light-emitting portion is w, and the convex surface of the light guide plate is tilted toward 201037230. The length of the J-surface of the circumference of the portion is d, and the radius of curvature r of the convex reflecting surface is expressed by Formula 6. • [Formula 6] • r = 2.td/(w_d//v-2) The slope of the bottom surface of the incident light “is determined by the step s and the pixel width X. Equation 7. ^ [Formula 7] 0i =t an-1 (s/x) O Right-incident three-color incident light is incident on the convex reflecting surface by the three directions, and each beam is enlarged and reflected, and is irradiated to the diamond-shaped refractive index of the triangular-cone refractive grating == to the sub-pixel The sub-pixel width W above the long-refractive grating orthogonal to the diagonal of the reference plane of the rhombic refractive surface is equalized by the rhombic refractive surface and is emitted by the ?= angle 2. The combined sub-pixel of the rhombic shape The shape is such that the shape of the pixel is hexagonal. When the step is io"m', the pixel width is 4 〇〇//m, and the θ soil can be flattened to 9.5/n A i in Fig. 5. The furnace can be used. 蕻1鸰, 1 / 1 3 'The thinning of the light source unit is the same. The 4th type makes the light guide plate 耔 厶 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 利用 全 全 全 全 全 全 全There is no need for a mirror shape. Deer - It is not like a mother-in-law 35? 4/La The convex reflection surface of the light source in two directions, the structure of the -6 and the sub-direction is shown in Figure U.

• / knife, so Θ i is 1. 43. It is still big and is not seen by g'. Fig. 12 is composed of two conductive sheets, each of which is oriented opposite to the leading sheet. By allowing the color light to be transmitted through the horizontal plane between the pitches of the convex reflective surfaces, it is possible to mix colors of three or more colors. Fig. 12 is m. The state in which four colors are mixed without disposing the same shape of the light guide plate. π heart shape is displayed from the case where the surface of the light guide plate is provided with a convex refraction 201037230 and restored to parallel light. Fig. 13 is a view showing a state in which three colors are supplied to the sub-pixels of the liquid crystal display device and the color mixture is mixed. In Fig. 12 and Fig. 13, although two light guide plates are used, if only these elements are integrated, a three-color strip can be realized by a sheet light guide as shown in Fig. 14. Since it is a light guide plate composed of a sheet, & does not require pixel alignment, • can improve productivity, and can reduce the material cost by half. The main part of Fig. 14 is enlarged and explained in Fig. 15. The light incident on the thin line of the first sub-pixel m of the sub-pixels of the three sub-pixels is reflected from the upper end of the convex portion of the fifth end and incident on the central stone reflecting surface 5A. The total reflection of the convex reflecting surface enlarges the light beam and illuminates the sub-pixel width. The dotted light is incident on the convex reflecting surface on the left side and the enlarged light beam is incident on the second sub-pixel, and the light of the third color is incident on the lower portion of the light guiding plate. The incident portion protruding from the lower portion of the light guide plate constitutes a surface perpendicular to the incident light, and the rear surface of the projection portion is formed as a convex reflection surface 5C' to expand the light beam and to illuminate the third pixel. If a reflecting surface symmetrical to the 5C plane is formed, a 4-color display is also possible. A. The diffused light of the enlarged beam is not incident on the other 〇 and 胄 which form the triangular pyramid, and is parallel to the other two faces or the shadows of the other two faces. The light mixed under this condition expands the beam according to the Sner's law of Equation 5(1) and emits it. The ray A of Fig. 16 travels in parallel to the other ribs constituting the triangular pyramid and is incident on the reference plane in the wrong direction. It is a two-layer structure in which a convex refraction of a beam-expanded light caused by reflection in a convex surface is converted into parallel light and a triangular-concave-refracting grating, but also an angle of incidence to the dichroic refractive grating is constant. . The larger the radiation angle of the diffused light is, the more the emitted light of the line C D is emitted obliquely from the vertical direction. If 17 201037230 is incident on the other two sides constituting the triangular pyramid, it is totally reflected as the light E and is emitted in a direction different from the formula 2. 17 and 18 are views showing a cross section of both faces in a triangular pyramidal refractive grating. Fig. 17 is a view showing a state in which II is reflected by a 16 (four) convex reflecting surface and irradiated to a column of sub-pixels of one column, and as shown in Fig. 18, a cylindrical convex reflecting surface is irradiated to a column of a plurality of sub-pixels. The number of sub-pixel columns is not limited to the integer '. If the light from the next convex reflecting surface is continuous, it is also possible to use the mantissa. #The column with a convex convex surface on the bottom surface of the light guide plate is smaller than the number of pixels

The number structure is such that a cylindrical convex reflecting surface is irradiated to a plurality of sub-pixel columns, and the size of the convex reflecting surface is larger than the number of columns of the cylindrical convex reflecting surface when irradiated to the columns of the sub-pixels of one column. The formation of the convex reflecting surface in the three directions becomes easy. _ Since the number of sub-pixel columns allocated is increased, as shown by the light rays B, C, and D in Fig. 16, the slope of the exit surface is corrected according to the formula 5(1) in order to make the emission direction vertical. Or suppressing the radiation angle of sub-pixels that are not incident on other colors adjacent to each other. The ray B, c, D 图 of Fig. 16 is shielded by the valley portion and produces a dead angle portion near the top portion and reduces the amount of light. The radiation angle which suppresses the influence of the brightness unevenness is preferable. The case of reducing the thickness of the light guide plate is also the same as the light B, C, and D. In Fig. 17 and Fig. 18, only the two-direction components are shown. Therefore, the three-direction component is shown in Fig. 19 in a plan view. A mechanism in which the parallel light from the three directions is totally reflected in the direction of the triangular pyramidal refractive grating by the convex reflecting surface in the three directions of the bottom surface of the light guide plate will be described. In the BB of Fig. 19, the cross section of the lining of the bottom surface of the lining of the lining of the lining of the lining of the lining of the lining of the lining of the lining of the lining of the lining of The top surface of the upper and lower sides is connected to the top edge to form a triangular column shape. A cylinder for reflecting the parallel light B irradiated in the figure in the direction of the rhombic refractive grating is arranged on the bottom surface of the light guide plate so as to be in contact with the diamond in the upper right direction of the figure (the fourth) of the grating direction The parallel light B irradiated to the figure and the parallel light c which is irradiated in the upper right direction of the figure are reflected by the cylindrical convex reflecting surface contacting the top edge, and are incident on the sub-pixels B and c. The flat light from the leftward direction is converted into a vertical direction by a diamond-shaped refractive grating and irradiated to the upper and lower sides. • The reflection from the light source a convex reflecting surface disposed on the right side in Fig. 19 is disposed in the two triangular columnar convex reflecting portions. Since the light source 配 disposed on the upper side and the lower side of Fig. 19 is incident on the valley portion 5A' of the shadow located on the triangular columnar convex reflecting surface, only the light of the light source A is irradiated to the sub-pixel A. A section A-A' along the valley portion is shown in Fig. 20. The light beam is enlarged by the 1' reflecting surface 5A and reflected light is incident only on the triangle. The emitting surface 15A is incident on the sub-pixel 27A. Displayed on the convex reflection convex reflection surface 5C does not exist on the same cross section, but has a straight direction and a perspective display. The light from the upper side B, C disposed in Fig. 19 is further present on the back surface of the convex reflecting surface by the convex reflecting surface 5C. Aligning the parallel light C parallel to the convex reflection surface in the lower right direction of the convex reflection of the cylindrical convex portion, and forming a valley in the lower right direction and incident on the complex surface of the light of the secondary image in the direction of the three rows of light sources A The convex reflection surface of the light of c is smaller than the convex reflection of the light source side on the lower side of the paper surface on the lower side of the 5A of the cone grating 19 201037230. The surface 5B enlarges the light beam and reflects it, and each of them is incident on the triangular pyramid grating. The refractive surfaces 15C and 15B are incident on the sub-pixels 27C and 27B. Since the convex reflecting surface 5B, the refracting surface 15B, and the sub-pixel 27B are located on the back side, the bottom surface of the light guide plate of the convex reflecting surface in the three directions totally reflects the parallel light from the three directions in the direction of the triangular pyramidal refractive grating. When the convex reflection surface A is formed into a cylinder, if the light from the right side is reversed, the upper portion of the triangular prism-shaped convex reflection surface is not illuminated, so that a curved surface is formed in the longitudinal direction of the convex reflection surface A. The radiation pupil angle ε in the long axis direction is controlled and irradiated to the pixels above the triangular columnar convex reflecting surface. The radius of curvature R of the convex reflecting surface in the long-axis direction is such that the length of the convex reflecting surface in the long-axis direction is L, which is expressed by Formula 8. [Formula 8]. Ruler-L// (2. si η (ε /2)} The irradiation length is longer than the length of the convex reflection surface of the convex reflection surface orthogonal to the direction of the triangular columnar convex reflection surface, so that it can be irradiated The pixel in the upper portion of the triangular columnar convex reflecting surface. The light in the three directions reflected by the convex reflecting surface of the bottom surface of FIG. 19 is incident on the a and B of the triangular pyramidal refractive grating disposed on the upper side surface of the light guide plate. Since the c-plane triangular pyramidal refractive grating has a structure in which three diamond-shaped surfaces are combined, a liquid crystal panel having a diamond-shaped sub-pixel is disposed above the light guide plate. FIG. 21 is a sub-pixel of three colors and is triangularly arranged. 6-shaped a ^ l thick 1% of the liquid 曰 ',,, ', and the top view of the rupture. In Figure 21 for the convenience of explanation, when the size of the sub-pixel is enlarged greatly, the three-color source A , B, C are arranged in the peripheral part and are illuminated by 1 9n. 屯1 zu is different from 20 201037230. Although the arrangement of the missing, Γ η ^ ..., Β is arbitrary, the number of light sources 配置 disposed on the right side is the least. _ > Therefore, it is best to configure the components to the width. Arrange the light on the right to the left. The ten-light source A' is a parallel light source B that is irradiated in the lower right direction of the figure on the upper side and the upper (four) column on the upper side of FIG. 21, and the parallel light source that is irradiated in the upper-right direction of the figure on the lower side and the lower side: (4) The color in the three directions is mixed and displayed in color. Since the dichroic refractive grating is used to illuminate the three colors of light to the sub-pixels, the color display of the liquid crystal display device can be performed without using the color filter, due to the convex anti-reflection surface and the triangle The cone-refracting grating is a light-guiding plate composed of the same member, so that it can be aligned with the pixel of the liquid crystal panel; the good #必A _ is to be displayed in the color of the sheep. Since the diamond-shaped sub-pixels are arranged in a point pair (four) 6 (four) pixels, Therefore, it is preferable that the additive color mixture is better than the square pixels formed by the stripes. The transmission of the transurassion faCt〇r is 33% or less, and the absorption of the polarizing plate is included. The efficiency of the entire liquid crystal display device is 8% or less. However, since the color light-receiving sheet is not used in the present invention, the efficiency is three times, and the number of 〇RGB light-emitting diodes is about 1/3 as compared with the white light-emitting diode. because In addition, it is possible to reduce the cost of the light-emitting diode and the power supply unit by reducing the manufacturing process of the color filter. The display device can be reproduced in a mixed color of three primary colors, but in a lighting device, a photographing device, or the like. The lack of the wavelength characteristics of the light source makes it impossible to perform correct color reproduction. The white light-emitting diode that uses the blue light of the blue light-emitting diode to illuminate the complementary color of the yellow phosphor has a sharp blue spectrum and a gentle yellow light. It has a large valley value in the cyan field. When a plurality of phosphors are mixed and the fluorescent white light-emitting diode is wide-banded, the amount of fluorescence is reduced by a large amount of 21 201037230. Come to Lai Ming this j-reward to absorb the 'efficiency is even lower. So 'not a hybrid phosphor, but a shovel __ 疋 right by a two-cone refractive grating or three

• The pyramidal reflection of the peach-paste color is not accompanied by the effect of the skeletal and ± E sucking sheep to reduce the wavelength characteristics. Let the first illuminating element be blue-purple. • Bazin's nine-pole, if the wave height produced by the yellow phosphor is blue-purple varnish, the cypress recognizes the milk 丄 ^ % and about half of the double value of the return value. Features • (dual-peak charac ter isti c<^ eight private n ship 1 csv knife scattered fluorescent body, then in the blue ~ green with a valley 'red field' reduced characteristics. Let the first light-emitting element of the valley temple The cyan-green light-emitting diode of the oil and the political wavelength is the second light-emitting element. If the wave height of the field-light phosphor is 约6, the wave height is about half of the value of the blue-green light wave. The characteristics of the bimodal Boundary fork ▼ characteristic dispersion of the phosphor are in the shade of green to yellow. The green light-emitting diode 'which is the third light-emitting element' that emits light at the bottom wavelength of the first light-emitting element is used as the third light-emitting element. Approximately half of the value of the double-peak Μ, 14 octa- octane characteristic dispersion of the phosphor, is a characteristic of the valley in yellow to orange. If a triangular cone refraction 使用 is used; the 耵九 grid addition color mixing the first to third illuminating dipole Ο body light, then the first illuminating diode of the first illuminating dipole, ... the sister's bottom area by the second and third illuminating The excitation light of the diode complements the light. The fluorescence spectrum of the first ~ flute one & two light-emitting diodes is added by the additive color throughout the yellow ~ red domain, ^ 'the two values of the skin are roughly equal to the excitation light, and a flat continuous spectrum can be obtained. Love 7b. The method of obtaining broad-band characteristics of the phosphor is reduced in efficiency, but it is possible to provide a different excitation wavelength in the valley region by left-handed field and perform color mixing using the triangular cone refracting light to the mono-tree tree, and efficiently Achieve continuous wavelengths. A cross-sectional view showing the parabolic clock and the brother is shown in Fig. 22, showing that the slope of the refractive grating is concave, and the cross-sectional view of the light guide is shown in Fig. 22 201037230. It is shown that the pre-synthesis and post-synthesis wavelength characteristics of the dither mixing of different excitation wavelengths by the triangular cone color mixing device are used for the purpose of expanding the radiation by the parallel light, so the negative focal length optical system can be used. The parallel light to be mixed is also enlarged to the radiation angle. If the radiation direction is different, it is only a minute, so that the light source angle and the direction of the respective light sources are uniform, and the mixed color light is uniform. Fig. 24 is a diagram in which a concave lens array is disposed in an emitting portion of a refractive grating. 〇 0 can be enlarged by a concave surface of a refractive grating, and is shown in Fig. 25. The uniform mixed color light can be irradiated by making the radiation angles of the light emitted from the oblique surface of the opposing refractive grating uniform. In order to oppose the refractive grating slope plane, it is required to be incident at a degree in the valley of the refractive grating. Therefore, since it is not incident on the top of the refractive grating, it can be made sharp, and it can be made flat and easily molded. It is also possible to make the slope of the refractive grating convex, and to pass through a large radiation angle. Even if the slope of the refractive grating is a plane, the incident ◎ is parallel light, but when the light is diffused, after the refractive grating is emitted, the shoulder is not formed into a plane but a concave surface, and the light is incident on the refractive grating. The diffused light is emitted. • When the light source unit is diffused from a point, the angle of the reference plane incident on - differs depending on the position, but if it is from the complex diffused light, the angle of incidence on the reference plane can be made uniform. Because of the spot light, the illumination range (the illumination range of the illumination range or the observed range of the radiation angle θ is greater than the angle of the fluorescence conversion diagram of Equation 6), the angle of the parallel lens is illuminable to the uniform lens array angle. The concave top of the concave surface is not incident on the oblique top of the tangential line, and the light is diffused without the focus, and the light is not diffused. The light of the diffusion refraction grating can be several points, and the width w of the 201037230 of FIG. Since it is easy to use, if it is represented by the curvature half of the convex reflection surface, the curved surface length d of the Γ / 〇 circumference, and the radiation angle 0, it can be approximated by Formula 1 表示. The radiation angle is shown in Fig. 11 and is shown as an angle symmetrical to the center line. [Formula 9] θ = ά - 36〇° / (2πΓ) [Formula 1 0 ] 0 = s i n_1 (d/r)

Fig. 11A shows a state in which parallel light from both directions is mixed at a radiation angle of 0 and is emitted in the same direction. If the radiation angles are equal and the directions are the same and the size of the grating cannot be recognized, the additive color mixing is performed. In order to obtain a continuous spectrum of individual light-emitting elements, the light-emitting intensity of the light-emitting diode has a wavelength of about half a value of a peak of 2 〇 nm to 6 〇 nm, so that the color is connected at a half-value wavelength of each color and 6 to 9 colors are used. , can cover the visible light region and achieve a continuous spectrum of white light. Furthermore, since the three light sources incident on the triangular pyramidal refractive grating use the mixed color light generated by the refractive grating or the reflective grating, they can be combined in 6 colors or 9 colors. Since it is not a color mixture caused by scattering, white light having a narrow emission angle can be irradiated. If six colors are mixed, white light of continuous light can be synthesized as shown in Fig. 31. An example of a principal part perspective view showing the structure is shown in Fig. 26 to Fig. 29 for an example of a sectional view. The refractive grating of the exit surface can inject a plurality of lights onto a grating slope surface, so that FIG. 28 is compared with FIG. 27 to become a half of the number of refractive gratings. Fig. 29 is a view showing the concave-convex surface of the light-emitting plate exit surface of Fig. 27 by the beam expanding function of the convex reflection grating on the bottom surface of the light guide plate. 24 201037230 [Effects of the Invention] • In order to solve the problem of unevenness caused by the asymmetry of the distance between the plurality of light-emitting elements and the mirror, by using a reflection grating or a refractive grating that prevents light of other light sources and mixing, the same The radiation angle is emitted, * stop the stain. By making the reflection grating a convex reflection surface, the incident illuminance can be made small, and the light source portion can be made thinner. ^ By making the convex reflection grating in the three-direction structure or the three-refracting grating and the convex reflection grating in the three-direction structure, the three-color stripe is realized by one guide, so that alignment is not required, productivity is improved, and reduction can be achieved. Material costs for color film processing and light-emitting diodes. - In order to solve the problem that the spectrum of the fluorescent white light-emitting diode is composed of two sharp peaks of a sharp and gentle yellow domain, a continuous spectrum can be efficiently realized by using a plurality of excitation lights using a color mixture. It is possible to obtain a continuous spectrum of white light with high efficiency by mixing the phosphors in a multi-component manner and widening the spectrum. [Embodiment] [Embodiment 1] A description will be given of a liquid crystal display device using a diamond-shaped sub-pixel structure by using a triangular pyramidal refractive grating. Three types of convex reflection gratings are arranged on the light guide plate of the liquid crystal display device, and three types of sources are arranged on the side surface of the light guide plate. Fig. 1 is a view showing the liquid crystal display and the corner mixed with the rhombic sub-pixels. The optical display of the bottom surface of the blue filter is also shown in Fig. 21. Diagonal 1117m (type 46),

High Definiti〇n: Full HD) (1920xl080), | .1〇18 dragon, vertical 573mm, pixel spacing 53〇"m, sub-chapter 306 " m. The bottom surface of the light guide plate is arranged in three directions in the three directions. The cylindrical convex reflection surface B is irradiated to the lower right direction of the figure, and is obliquely upward, and is incident on the rhombic refracted light at the incident angle α. The convex light C of the convex reflecting surface Β contacting and forming the ribs is reflected obliquely upward to the upper right direction of the figure, and α is incident on the diamond-shaped refractive grating β. The light of the parallel light source Α in the left direction of the cylindrical convex reflecting surface is reflected obliquely upward' and incident on the diamond-shaped refractive grating. - The refractive surfaces A, B, and C of the triangular pyramidal refractive grating are converted in the direction and irradiated to the sub-pixels A, B, and C. Since the convexity of the light guide plate is small, the pixel size is enlarged, but the curvature radius of the convex reflection surface is constant due to the light guide. If the step s of the thickness of the light guide plate and the convex reflection surface is l〇"m, the radius of curvature! > The sub-pixels of the liquid crystal located in the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction are reflected from the light line, and are formed without being inclined to a critical angle of total reflection or more. The manufacturing cost is reduced. The light-emitting diode offset is placed at a position where the focus of the light source mirror does not obscure the reflected light of the parabolic mirror. By illuminating 540 light-emitting diodes with a luminous intensity of 240mcd, 540 light-emitting diodes with a luminous intensity of I40mcd are arranged with high image quality (Full-face size is a horizontally-shaped diamond-shaped side long convex reflection surface. Row light B reflection> Grid B. With the incident surface C, the incident angle A will be from the direction of the incident angle α to the vertical reflection surface, the thickness of the plate is constant, t is 1Omm, 1 5 9 // m. Parallel light reflection towards the source The layer, the paraboloid of the part can be obtained by the light source A. The light source B and g, and the brightness is 263 cd/m2 at a transmittance of 40 201037230 (light transmittance) 40. The power consumption at this time is about 130 W, which is white light. About 1/3 of the power consumption of the case of a diode and a color filter. The transparent material may be polymethyl methacrylate, all cyclic acrylic resin, or cyclic olefin resin (CyCi〇〇iefin) * resin), polycarbonate, photocurable acrylic resin (photocurable.acrylic res in), etc., can be formed by injection compression molding, etc. Since photohardenable acrylic resin is a low-viscosity monomer (m〇n〇mer), Oligomer polygomer As a starting material, starting molding is possible. [Embodiment 2] An illuminating device which displays a liquid crystal display device which is mixed into a three-color stripe in which a reflecting surface is arranged in a lattice shape is mainly shown in Fig. 14'. Figure 15. Diagonal 510·(20.1 type), XGA (1 024x768), the facet size is 4〇8_, 306 vertical, pixel spacing 399 /ira, sub-pixel spacing ^3"^. The three types of convex reflecting surfaces have a structure in which the number of pixels is evenly spaced by 1,024 segments. Since the convex reflecting surface difference of the light guide plate is smaller than the pixel size, it is enlarged into a pixel size, because the light guide plate has a thickness of $, The radius of curvature of the convex reflecting surface is constant. If the polar sequence t of the light guide plate is 10 mm and the difference s of the convex reflecting surface is ΙΟμπι, the upper radius r of the curvature radius is 159" m. The sub-pixel of the liquid crystal is located in the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction. Reflecting the τ~10 仃 线 line from the light source, the 乂夂 Μ Μ Μ Μ Μ Μ Μ Μ Μ 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可The focus of the parabolic mirror does not obscure the parabola The position of the reflected light of the mirror. By [..., the straw is configured with 128 colors of 27 201037230 light-emitting diodes of 250mcd, and the brightness is 307cd/m2 when the light transmittance is 4〇%. - [Example 3] An embodiment in which two colors of parallel light are incident on a light guide plate of a grating having a convex reflection surface in both directions and color mixing is described for a lamp in which a red light emitting diode and a green color light emitting body are used to synthesize yellow. An example of the refracting grating according to the fourth embodiment will be described by way of the fifth embodiment. Although called the blue signal, it is correct green. The color blindness strategy is shown in green with an indigo color. The yellow jg number is shown in orange-orange with orange. Fig. 32 is a cross-sectional view of a light lamp in which green and red parallel light is incident on a grating having a convex reflecting surface in both directions, and green and red are mixed in a yellow signal and displayed in yellow-orange. The top view is shown in Figure 3 2. The bottom surface of the light guide plate is a convex reflecting surface in the two directions shown in Fig. 11 - forming a triangular prism. Since the distance between the display surfaces of the lamps is about 5 m or more, the grating cannot be recognized when the width of the convex reflection surface is 5 mm or less, and is applied when the red light and the green light are emitted by the convex reflection grating at the same radiation angle in the same direction. ◎ The method of mixing colors does not produce stains. The two light source sections around the display surface are configured by a focus of each of the eleven elliptical mirrors, and are configured by a parabolic mirror to form parallel light and incident on one of the convex reflecting surfaces, and are disposed in one of the light source portions. The light-emitting diode is provided with a red light-emitting diode in the other light source portion. The pair of convex reflecting surfaces are reflected at the same radiation angle in the same direction, and the concave refractive surface of the surface of the light guide plate is enlarged to form a necessary radiation angle. The directionality of the conventionally irradiated road or the crossing path is a waste of the current consumption. However, if the radiation in the up and down direction is 28 201037230, the range is below the horizontal plane, and the radiation angle in the left and right direction is the soil 45. The range can be reduced by about 1/4 of the current consumption. Therefore, the necessary amount of light can be obtained even if one or half of the display surface is provided with red and green components. - If a cyan LED of 5 〇〇 nm or less is used and mixed with a red illuminator, the line on the chromaticity coordinates is close to the white field and becomes yellowish, so if 5 〇〇ηπι or more is used, The green light-emitting diode and the red light-emitting diode of 610 nm or more, the color mixture straight line follows the right side edge of the horseshoe-shaped chromaticity coordinate, so that the thick yellow color can be mixed. In the conventional color mixing, the color difference is reduced, and the number of light-emitting elements that are reduced by yellow on the display surface is reduced by the number. Therefore, not only can the intersection be seen, but also the current consumption is reduced, and the current consumption can be reduced. The improvement in efficiency is obvious. 'If the number of components is reduced, it will be difficult. However, since the number of light-emitting elements is reduced by the number of light-emitting elements (the fourth embodiment), the number of suspected points is one light, and the road side of the cost of the light can be used more. It is even more indistinguishable. Therefore, the phenomenon of lighting does not occur because of pointing. The conventional signal, which is necessary to reduce the knowledge of the cutting, is the convex reflection of the coarse wheel, which can be used to produce the surface illuminance according to the control of the ignoring light. The display shows that the two lamps of the wide-direction control of the grating also emit the grating, and the directionality of the components that can be cut can be wide, and the space can be reduced. In recent years, the taper of the number of components of the component is displayed, so the difference between the system and the luminous effect is 'the difference between the ten and the third embodiment, but the hb Gushan> the beneficial soil. The red light emitting diode is replaced by the refractive grating. A light with a cyan luminescent two 骽 骽 骽 。 。 。 。 。 2010 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 〇 unit. If 8 pairs of refractive 'gratings' are provided, it becomes a comb shape of 1. 5mm wide on one side, and is formed into a comb shape by a single side of the grating when it is displayed in red or green. 1. When a 5mm refraction grating is emitted, 'the distance from the surface of the display surface of the illuminator can not be obtained. The color difference is not generated by the uniformity of the radiation direction. The means for emitting the diffused light in the range of the necessary range (means) is a concave lens array as shown in Fig. 34. The concave lens array has a function of a dustproof and waterproof protective cover (H〇〇d) ^ [Embodiment 5] Reflective grating with red LED and cyan LED A yellow light is synthesized. If the reflection grating surface of the unit shown in Fig. 2 is formed into a 19 mm square shape, about 120 units can be arranged on the display surface having a diameter of 300 mm as shown in Fig. 36. If eight pairs of reflection gratings are provided, Then, it is a convex reflecting surface of 1. 5 mm wide on one side, and is formed into a comb shape by a single side of the grating when it is displayed in red or green. When red and green light are emitted by a reflection grating having a width of 1.5 mm, The grating is recognized by the distance to the display surface of the signal light. The color speckle is also produced by the uniformity of the radiation direction. The reflection grating expands the directivity by bending the reflection surface, and has the directivity of the size of the light-emitting element plus the original radiation angle. The setting surface of the curved reflection grating can be set and the directivity can be set. Therefore, the bending setting surface of the reflection grating can be set to the directivity according to the road condition. The directivity control has a degree of freedom than the convex reflection surface of the light guide plate and/or the guide. The characteristic of the refractive surface of the light plate is wide. Since the reflection grating shape is a structure in which the light source portions are arranged, the occupation ratio of the reflection surface (sPace 30 201037230 factor) is 60%. In the case of using a bullet-type light-emitting diode The point of the 'light-emitting element' is noticeable, and only the vicinity of the tip is illuminated, so the bright portion accounts for about 50%. Therefore, it is equivalent to the conventional rate. • [Embodiment 6] Using a reflective grating composed of a convex reflecting surface, the embodiment in which the direction of the delivery is poor is for a vehicle headlamp, a yellow phosphor is used for the blue light emitting diode, and the body is used with an orange phosphor. It can also be applied to spotlights, etc., when it is mixed with cyan-emitting diodes and satisfies the white light angle of the visible light field. ' Let the angle of the vertical direction of the vehicle headlamps be caused by the size of the light source. 4°, the positive radiation angle 7 is 6 °. The slope of the light from Equation 2 and the top of the valley are not 34°. If the angle parallel to the reflected light is 20°, the length of the thin rectangle of the reflective grating is 8 and the radius of curvature is 40 mm. The convex reflection surface of the four pairs is shown in Fig. 37, and the front view of the vehicle headlight is shown on the one side of the source portion. The yellow phosphor is used for the blue light emitting diode, and the other is the orange phosphor. Fluorescent white light-emitting diodes in the body. A phosphor is disposed in a light-emitting element disposed at one of the focal points of the elliptical mirror. The area ratio of the conventional horn light emitted by the phosphor receiving the excitation light according to the shape of the lens (the angle of incidence of the highlight on the area is indicated in the grating. The light source is the white light-emitting diode Fluorescent white source. If the change radiation is 10°, if the slope 1 of the reflection grating is 28°, the radiation in the direction of the grid is 14 mm, and the profile of the shell J is defined by the formula grating. The light-emitting diodes of the fluorescent white-green-green emitting diodes are fluorescent in the other side to the rear with the front 3 1 201037230 square parabolic mirror, the parallel light from the rear parabolic mirror is converted by the plane mirror and illuminates the parallel light Direction of the reflection grating. • If 40 mA forward current flows to the illuminator-piece ', it becomes a unit consisting of 2 light sources, 〇. 28W, using the unit horizontally 11 columns 'longitudinal 8 columns totaling 88 units A light beam with a conversion efficiency of 601 m/W and .14801 m is obtained. The size is 170 mm in the horizontal direction. The spectrum showing the color mixture is shown in Fig. 39. When the light beam is crossed, the next five columns are turned into 9201 m, as shown in Fig. 38. If in the unit The configuration of the cutoff iine can increase the anti-glare effect given to the opposite vehicle. The reflection grating with the cut-off line is a reflection grating combining the elliptical mirror and the hyperbolic mirror and forming a trapezoidal shape. Figure 38 is the front side of the left side. 6W, the total loss of the traveling beam caused by the above-mentioned configuration is 24.6W. The figure of the vehicle is turned off and the light is turned off. When the installation of a 30 mm wide installation space around the reflective grating array, the size of the heat dissipation plate is 220 m in the lateral direction and 230 m in the longitudinal direction. If the duct is disposed behind the heat dissipating plate, the wind speed U = 10 m/s. (36km/h) or more for traveling wind or forced convection cooling, the temperature rises to about 25 °C by Equation 9. Since the heat sink can be thermally conducted to the entire wall surface of the duct and can be used for heat dissipation, the temperature can be increased. It is lower than about 25 ° C. Since Equation 9 uses the physical property value of the air in the temperature of the heat sink, it is necessary to repeat the calculation, and use the physical property value of Prandtl number in the vicinity of the convergence condition (Prandtl number) Pr: 0.71 heat Thermal conductivity λ :0. ] 32 201037230 Dynamic viscosity ^ : 1.86x10_5 [m2/s] Reynolds number Re, Nusselt • number Nu, average heat transfer Average heat transfer rate • a. Temperature rise T can be obtained by Equation ii. Set the longitudinal dimension L and the horizontal dimension w of the heat sink, and set the external air temperature to .20 〇C. [Formula 11]

Re=u·L/v

Nu = 〇· 3 3 2 · Pf 诡

a—Nu·λ/ψ T=P/ (1. 1 0 3 * a · L · w) [Embodiment 7] A triangular-cone refractive grating is used as illustrated in Fig. 22, Fig. 23, etc., and 3 is used in the direction of 3. An example of the implementation of a lighting device for a fluorescent conversion LED. The first fluorescent conversion light-emitting diode A has an excitation wavelength of 44 〇ηιη and a glory wavelength of 550 nm. The second #来μ掐义义也_ ^ Wo® especially converts the first diode to the excitation wavelength still. The fluorescence wavelength is 590. The third glory conversion light-emitting diode c is the teaching wavelength of 51〇, fluorescent The wavelength is 59 〇. FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view between the first glory-converted light-emitting diode A and the second fluorescent-converted light, _w? Xingzan, a first-pole body B, so the third fluorescent-converted light-emitting diode (: display.

- The light-emitting elements 1 A and 1 B are each driven in the cylinder AL 6. "The 6 is placed in the focus of the off-axis parabolic mirror 6 and 6 pulls are arranged in the depth direction of the paper. ν are converted by the off-axis parabolic mirror 6. Thousands of orders are made by the dispersion of the light guide plate 24 to the triangular pyramidal refraction grating 15. Κ In order to make the radiation angle about ±10, ^ = . The exit surface 33 of the pyramidal refractive grating 33 201037230 is a concave refractive surface. When the forward current of 1 oomA flows to each of the light-emitting elements, it becomes a total of 18 light sources and 6.3 W, and a light beam with a conversion efficiency of 8 〇lm/w and 5 〇〇lm is obtained. 22 shows the white light of the continuous spectrum. Since the envelope of the visible light region (envel〇pe) is similar to the white light of 55 〇〇 κ, it is suitable for high color reproducibility 'excluding infrared rays to avoid temperature rise, it is free of Use of damage by ultraviolet rays. [Embodiment 8] An embodiment of an LED bulb using a six-color light-emitting diode in three directions using a triangular pyramidal refractive grating will be described. Fig. 26 is a perspective view of a main portion in perspective. The light source for the three directions in order to illuminate the triangular cone refractive grating is There are a light guide plate having a convex reflection surface in both directions as illustrated in Fig. 11 and a light guide plate having a birefringent refractive index in a bidirectional direction and a convex reflection surface having a bidirectional direction. Fig. 28 is a plan view. The light guide plate of the convex reflection surface of the two directions expands the parallel light from the two directions and reflects the convex light on the exit surface of the light guide plate to return to the parallel light and then enters the triangular cone refraction grating. Since the emitted light is parallel light, the concave refractive surface 11 is provided. • The light beam has a necessary radiation angle. The radiation angle is narrow as shown in Fig. 27. The concave refractive surface may be a triangular refractive index grating. The spectrum of the mixed color is shown in Fig. 31. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a triangular wave-shaped reflection grating. Fig. 2 is a side view showing a triangular wave-shaped convex reflection grating. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the radiation angle error caused by the size of the light source. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the 3 color stripe display device of the reflection grating and the transmissive portion. Fig. 6 is a plan view showing the structure of a combined convex triangular pyramid reflection grating and concave triangular pyramid reflection light. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing color mixing by a triangular wave refractive grating. ^ Fig. 8 is a view showing a triangular pyramidal refractive grating Fig. 9 is a plan view showing the structure of a combined convex triangular pyramidal refractive grating and a concave triangular pyramidal refractive grating. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing beam expansion by a convex reflecting surface. Fig. 12 is a view showing a light guide plate of a pair of convex reflection gratings. Fig. 12 is a view showing a light guide plate of a multi-color stripe of a convex reflection grating and a transmissive portion. Fig. 13 is a view showing a convex reflection grating and a transmission portion. A two-layered structure of a 3-color striped light guide. Fig. 14 is a view showing a light guide plate of a three-color stripe in which a convex reflection grating is disposed on the bottom surface side of the light guide plate. Fig. 15 is a main portion enlarged view showing a three-color stripe light guide plate of one piece. Fig. 16 is a view showing an incident exit angle of diffused light. 35 201037230 Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a light guide plate using a convex reflection grating and a triangular pyramid refractive grating crystal display device. Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a light guide plate of a liquid crystal display device which is irradiated to a plurality of three-refractive optical arms by a convex reflection grating. Fig. 19 is a plan view showing three types of convex reverse gratings arranged on the bottom surface of the light guide plate and three types of light sources arranged on the side surface of the light guide plate. The figure is a cross-sectional view showing a light guide plate of a convex reflection grating and a triangular pyramid refractive grating crystal display device. Figure 21 is a plan view showing a liquid crystal display device of hexagonal pixels composed of diamond-shaped sub-pixels. Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a lamp comprising a mixture of three types of fluorescent conversion light-emitting diodes and a three-refracting grating. Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view showing a lamp in which three types of fluorescent conversion LEDs are mixed with a two-cone refractive grating. Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view showing the diffusion of a triangular pyramidal refractive grating by a concave lens. Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view showing light diffusion by a concave refractive surface of a triangular pyramidal refractive grating. Fig. 26 is a perspective view showing a main portion of a lamp comprising a mixture of six types of light-emitting diodes and triangular cones. Fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view showing a lamp comprising a mixture of six types of light-emitting diodes and a concave triangular grating. Fig. 28 is a view showing the color mixture in the case where the triangular pyramidal refractive grating on the exit side is twice the size of the two-color hybrid grating. The liquid pyramid of the liquid cone shows the concave surface of the liquid cone. The light exits the grating. The cone is folded. The color is folded. 201037230 Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view showing the lamp with a concave triangular pyramidal refractive grating and a convex reflecting surface on the bottom surface of the light guide plate. • Fig. 30 is a view showing a synthesized spectrum produced by color mixing of three types of fluorescent white light-emitting diodes. Fig. 31 is a view showing a synthesized spectrum produced by color mixing of six types of light-emitting diodes. Fig. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a horn lamp in which a light beam is enlarged by a convex reflecting surface and mixed. Fig. 33 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a lamp which enlarges a light beam by a convex reflecting surface and mixes colors. Figure 34 is a view showing a color mixing device composed of a triangular wave-shaped refractive surface grating. Fig. 35 is a view showing a display surface of a traffic light lamp composed of a refractive grating. Fig. 36 is a view showing a display surface of a traffic light lamp constituted by a reflection grating. Q Figure 37 is a cross-sectional view showing a convex grating unit. Figure 38 is a front view showing a headlight for a vehicle. Fig. 39 is a view showing a synthetic spectrum produced by color mixing of two types of fluorescent white light-emitting diodes. Fig. 40 is a schematic view showing only forward scattered light in a conventional color mixing device produced by a conical scattering surface. Fig. 41 is a view showing a conventional example of a package in which the mirror in the vicinity of the crystal grain is sharply tilted, the stain is moderated, and the color mixture is mixed. 37 201037230 Figure 42 is shown at 45. A diagram of a conventional example in which the interface of the groove is totally reflected by the achromatic filter of the liquid crystal surface. Fig. 43 is a view showing a conventional example in which three color lights are supplied to liquid crystal stripes by a laminated light guide having a wide stripe. Fig. 44 is a view showing a conventional example in which the inclination of the quadrangular pyramid disposed on the light guide plate is applied to a predetermined pixel. - Fig. 45 is a view showing a conventional example of a three-color liquid crystal display device comprising a terrace-like convex reflecting surface light guide plate and stripe members. 〇 Fig. 46 is a view showing a conventional example in which light in both directions is incident on a right angle 稜鏡 and a mirror is used. [Description of main component symbols] Plate-side surface-matching bandpass 1: Light-emitting component 4: Triangle-wave grating 5: Convex reflector surface 5A, 5B, 5C: Convex reflector surface 6: Parabolic mirror 8: Elliptical mirror 9: Double Curved mirror 1 〇: convex refractive surface 11: concave refractive surface 15: refractive grating 15A '15B, 15C: refractive surface 18: light-transmitting substance 19: parallel light 20: diffused light 21. concave mirror 22: convex mirror 24: light guide plate 2 ?: sub-pixels 27A, 27B, 27C: sub-pixels 2 8 : liquid crystal off-board 29 : substrate 30 : circuit substrate 31 : valley 32 : top 33 : air layer 3 7 : incident surface 38 : support member 39 : scattering surface 40: Focus 42: Groove 38 201037230 44 : Quadrilateral cone 45: Incident light 4 6 : Light source 47 : Band-pass lens 4 8 : Polarizer 4 9 : Prism • 50 : Reference plane 5 1 : Dead angle ο 〇 39

Claims (1)

201037230 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A kind of lighting device, which is characterized as follows: • Contact the rectangular plane on the horizontal plane ^ 'The long side of the cylinder seven-time surface' makes the axis direction orthogonal to the parallel from the light source The traveling direction of the light is formed by the contact and repeating arrangement of the rectangular flat sides, forming a triangular wave-shaped reflection grating, and the adjacent sides of the emitting surface are: the two axis planes are equally symmetrically arranged with the rectangular axis reflecting surface The slope of the horizontal plane is configured by arranging two parallel light sources in a symmetrical direction by an angle equal to the slope of the short axis of the rectangular plane reflecting surface, wherein the parallel light from both sides of the parallel light source in the symmetrical direction is only The light enters the reflecting surface on the side opposite to the parallel light source and is reflected directly above the substrate plane W', and the light emitted by both parallel A light sources A is incident on the H side and mixed with the emission direction. 2. An illuminating device characterized by the following structure. A diagonal line of a rhomboid reflecting surface is parallel to a quasi-surface in a horizontal plane of the substrate, and a rhomboid reflecting surface is disposed orthogonal to the ten from the 3-direction _ mouth ^ Bamboo'. The direction of travel of the parallel light of the light source is formed by a triangular triangle on the upper side of the horizontal plane by contacting the adjacent sides of the horizontal diagonal of the rhomboid plane reflecting surface and arranging the triangles on the upper side. The cone-reflecting grating is formed by a triangular pyramid shape by contacting the adjacent sides of the horizontal diagonal and the lower side of the rhomboid plane reflecting surface, thereby forming a triangular pyramidal reflection grating which is more concave than the horizontal plane, wherein the long flat Up-and-down lead-based optical connection type recess 40 201037230 Parallel light from a parallel source of 3 directions located at an elevation angle specific to the horizontal curved phase is incident only on the side of the light source facing the dioptric cone reflecting surface The light is reflected back to the plane of the substrate, and the light incident from the three directions is incident above the misalignment and mixed with the direction of the shot a • and the exit. 3. A lighting station device is characterized by the following structure: . Contact on a horizontal surface · & 士:: η / A = long side of the concave convex reflecting surface, the long axis of the rectangular reflecting surface The direction 邴 七 , , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 门 门 门 门 门 门 门 门The plurality of triangular wave-shaped reflection gratings have a slope α formed by a tangential line in a vertex portion of the rectangular convex reflecting surface and a horizontal plane, and a slope formed by a short axis direction and a horizontal plane in the valley portion is not bent. By the tangential degree of the short axis direction in the top of the convex reflecting surface by "/, the square opening" "the elevation angle of the eye is arranged in two symmetrical directions in the symmetry direction, and the parallel light incident at a slope α from the horizontal plane is used by The convex reflecting surface 〇 and the beam is enlarged by the radiation angle r, • 3〇~7/3, $=45.~a/2+r/2 is set, and the parallel light from both sides of the parallel light source in the symmetrical direction is only Reflection towards the side of the source of the reflective grating The surface reflects the light from the plurality of light sources in a general direction of the horizontal plane. 4. An illumination device characterized by the following structure: making the long side of the reflective surface of the rectangular bar contact " the upper side making the long axis of the rectangular convex reflecting surface The direction is orthogonal to the direction of travel of the flat 201037230 row light from the obliquely incident incident vertical plane of the short-axis tangent line from the light source light-emitting surface, and the long sides of the rectangular convex reflection surface are in contact with each other, in pixels wide Spacing of X • The rectangular convex reflecting surface is symmetrically arranged to form a triangular wave-shaped reflecting grating, and the width W of the transmitting portion of the liquid crystal sub-pixel, the distance from the convex reflecting surface to the illuminated surface, and the convex reflecting surface The length d of the surface is r = 2.td/(Wd/ ./2) » and the radius of curvature of the short convex axis of the rectangular convex reflecting surface, the step s of the convex convex reflecting surface, the pixel width X, and the slope 0 〇i-tan (s/X) aligns two parallel light sources in a symmetrical direction, and arranges a triangular wave-shaped reflection grating with a rectangular convex reflection surface at a pitch of pixels wide on the lower side of the horizontal plane at the bottom of the light guide plate. By a step s of a rectangular convex reflecting surface, a pixel width χ, a parallel light source incident from the lower side of the horizontal plane with a slope θ 1 t^an (s/χ), wherein the pair is rectangular on the upper side of the horizontal plane The two-color reflected light reflected by the convex reflecting surface is irradiated by a different color light reflected from the rectangular convex reflecting surface of the upper surface than the horizontal convex surface of the water surface. The color mixture on the light board. The liquid a 曰 panel pixel, 3 colors of light to 5, a kind of illumination to protect the rectangle convex, ', characterized by the following structure: The upper side of the rectangular convex surface and the bottom of the light guide plate The traveling direction 4 of the long light of the horizontal plane 'reflecting surface is aligned perpendicular to the parallel line from the light source, and the long sides of the y convex reflecting surface are symmetrically symmetric with each other by the liquid crystal system ι π , the width w of the transmitting portion, The distance from the convex reflecting surface to the surface of the 201037230 emitting surface and the curved surface length d of the convex reflecting surface are set to r = 2, 2). The curvature of the short convex axis of the rectangular convex reflecting surface is set to be half. Long sides to each other The convex reflecting surface forms a triangular wave-shaped reflection grating, and the two parallel light sources are arranged in the symmetry direction by the pixel width X by the step s of the rectangular convex reflecting surface and the pixel width X.i = t arT1 ( s /X ) The other light guide plate of the rectangular convex reflecting surface wave-shaped reflective grating is disposed on the light guide plate, and the parallel light source incident by the step s of the rectangular convex reflecting surface and the pixel width: 〇iztarT's/X) is disposed under In the side, the reflected light of the two sides of the light guide plate on the upper side is irradiated with the other color reflected by the rectangular convex reflection surface of the light guide plate on the lower side of the convex reflection of the upper light guide plate. The liquid crystal panel pixels on the upper portion of the light guide plate are colored in three colors. q 6. An illuminating device' is characterized by the following structure: arranging a plurality of equilateral triangular prisms having a refractive index larger than that of the surrounding medium on a plane reference plane, and a corner of the difference between the incident angle and the refraction angle of the refractive surface The inclined surface of the triangular column and the normal of the reference surface form a triangular wave shape and form a refracting surface of the light peach, and the parallel light source having the same elevation angle on the lower side of the reference plane toward the plane, wherein • t·d/( Wd/ diameter, the length of the touched rib, with a slope Θ, and the lower side of the triangle, ί, with a slope of 0 light guide plate, the light of the reflective surface of the reflective surface is transmitted, and the light above the mixed substance Degree setting second-order angle 'arrangement direction arrangement 43 201037230 From to the opposite direction. Above, the edge is arranged side by side with the injection side, forming the contact edge 'formed to the side of the refractive surface and the side from which the low refraction comes Consistent and confusing The parallel light from both sides of the reference plane into the 鼾^##, each of which is only incident on the side of the ten-first source. # , ^ 折射 The refractive surface is refracted to the flat side of the reference plane. Light The light from the dry light is refracted to the vertical and mixed with the sentence. - The illumination device has the characteristics of *, and the background is the following structure. One of the refracting surfaces is Μ & . Λ m ^ ι - & angle, the corner line is arranged on the reference surface, and the diagonal convex prism 6 on the arid surface of the roadway and the convex pyramidal refraction grating adjacent to the side of the rhombic refractive surface are arranged, and are arranged diagonally tb ^ m ^ ^ The side of the diamond-shaped refractive surface is adjacent to the concave surface of the reference surface concave J—using the cone-concave 夯—, the angle of incidence of the refractive surface and the difference between the angle of refraction and the angle, the normal of the reference plane The slanting and slanting side of the slanting side, wherein the angle is from the two refractive index sides, the parallel light of the light source of the three directions is emitted, and the incident light is incident only on the lead surface opposite to the light source and refracted to the reference surface. Above, and with the direction of exit 〇8, an illuminating device 'characterized by: · The exit surface of the light guide plate is formed." The patented r-structure consists of: refracting the light thumb, the triangle of the bottom surface of the light guide plate, , the side of the two light guide plates are inclined to the bottom of the parallel light incident The convex reflection triangular pyramid refraction grating irradiates parallel light to a pixel formed by a diamond-shaped convex reflection surface and is reflected to the sub-pixel, and a sub-pixel of three colors from three directions is formed. 44 201037230 9. Patent application scope The illuminating device of item 8, wherein the cylindrical convex reflecting surface on the bottom surface of the plate is formed by a number of columns smaller than the number of pixels, and the cylindrical convex reflecting surface is irradiated to the plurality of sub-pixel columns to enlarge the convex reflection. 10. The illuminating device of claim 8 wherein the illuminating device consists of: • a parallel structure formed on opposite sides of the side of the light guide plate, contacting the top edge of the circular reflecting surface and on the light guide plate The bottom surface is formed in a triangular column shape, and 0 is disposed between the two triangular columnar convex reflecting surfaces, and a plurality of convex reflecting surfaces are disposed in a direction orthogonal to the triangular columnar convex surface, and the two sides of the two sides disposed opposite to each other on the side surface of the light guide plate The light source is applied to the triangular prism-shaped convex reflecting surface, and the light is disposed in a direction orthogonal to the triangular columnar convex reflecting surface to a convex reflection in a direction orthogonal to the two-columnar convex reflecting surface Wherein the parallel light incident from a third direction to a triangular pyramid refractive surface refracting the incident thumb three sub-pixels. 〇11. The illuminating device of claim 8, wherein the longitudinal surface of the convex reflecting surface in the direction of the prismatic convex reflecting surface, • is orthogonal to the triangular prismatic reflecting surface by the irradiation ratio The length of the convex surface in the direction of the long axis is long, and the upper pixel of the triangular &amplified convex surface is irradiated. 1 2. For example, the lighting installation f of the patent application scope ,8 is composed of the following structure: the following convex reflection illumination of the surface of the two-cone refractive refracting grating formed by the diamond-shaped folding & A six-angle crystal panel composed of three diamond-shaped sub-pixels is arranged on the upper 45 201037230 side of the orthogonal curved reflection surface as follows, and the convex reflection light is refracted and irradiated to the mann shape by the diopter refractive grating a sub-pixel in which a light of three directions is mixed by a pixel of a hexagonal shape and is illuminated as in the third aspect of the patent application. The horizontal plane is the father of the parallel light from the light source, and the rectangular convex reflecting surface is arranged. The display surface of the backlight in the long-axis direction will be provided with a red light-emitting element at the focus of one of the parabolic mirrors or the parabolic mirror, and the elevation angle of the horizontal horizontal plane of the green light-emitting element is equal to the focus of the other parabolic curvature circular mirror. Symmetrical direction, red signal illuminates red illuminating element, and is displayed in reverse red, green illuminating element in green signal, and displayed in reverse green, by yellow When the signal is illuminated, the red light-emitting element is illuminated and the parallel light is incident on the reflective grating by both parties and mixed, and the color is recognized as 0. 1 4. The reference surface of the illumination device according to the sixth application of the patent scope is arranged by the refractive index larger than the surrounding medium. The second equilateral triangular columnar body is a display of the symbol light of the following components: the angle of the difference between the incident angle and the refraction angle, and the angle between the plurality of sloped surfaces and the normal of the reference plane The three directions of the liquid level reflection are displayed in color. In the direction, and in the direction of the illuminating light, the rounded mirror or the parabolic short-range light source is disposed on the grating to reflect the reflection of the grating, and the green light-emitting element is regarded as orange-yellow In the plural, the complex matter composed of a planar material is formed in a triangular wave shape by an equilateral triangular columnar body toward the refractive surface, and the refractive index of the refractive surface which is emitted from the high refractive index side to the low refractive index side is formed by one of the Parabolic mirror or parabolic approximation (4) Focus of the circular mirror - the color light-emitting element, and a parallel light source with a green light-emitting element disposed at a focal point of another parabolic mirror or a parabolic surface, the radiation source is disposed at the front of the refractive grating Concave refracting surface, symmetrical to the lower side of the reference plane toward the plane, the parallel light source, the focal point 0 color illuminating element and the green illuminating element, red signal for the pair of light source portions incident on the refracting grating Lights up the red illuminating element and displays it in the refracted color of the refracting grating, illuminates the green illuminating element with the green signal and refracts the grating Refraction - Color display, . Lights up the red illuminating element and green illuminates by the yellow 彳 §. Parallel light is incident on the refracting grating and mixed by both sides, and is used as an identification. The illuminating device of claim 3, wherein the grating grating and the plurality of illuminating elements having different excitation wavelengths complement the wave height of the illuminating side of the excitation side by the wave height value of the illuminating element having a long excitation wavelength The intermediate value of the value and the wavelength of the fluorescent light, by adding the wave height value of the plurality of fluorescent domains with the reflection grating, and the wave height of the excitation light and the wave height of the added fluorescent domain are equalized, as in the patent application scope. The illumination device of item 6, wherein the grating is combined with a plurality of light-emitting elements having different excitation wavelengths and gratings; a red-rate circular mirror is arranged; in order to arrange red with red for green components, yellow for anti-mixing, The wavelength is short and roughly average. Using a blend color, 47 201037230 The height of the light-emitting element on the side of the light-emitting element that excites the wavelength of the light-emitting element with a long wavelength is intermediate with the wavelength of the fluorescent light. • By adding the wave height of the plurality of fluorescent domains to the refractive grating. The wave height value of the mixed excitation light and the added fluorescence field are 17. The illumination device of the third aspect of the patent application scope, the rectangular plane is arranged in a triangular wave structure on the horizontal plane of the substrate. The square plane reflection surface forms a reflection grating. A flat 0 is arranged in a symmetrical direction equal to the elevation angle of the horizontal plane. The plurality of reflective grating units are arranged in the horizontal direction on the heat dissipation substrate, and a part of the reflection grating is formed into a shape that is bent into a cutoff line. The reflection grating array is arranged in a plurality of vertical vehicle headlights, and a plurality of reflection grating rows are illuminated to illuminate the traveling beam to align the horizontal reflection grating arrays in a part of the longitudinal light beam. Ο 18. In the illuminating device of claim 7, the concave surface of the tangential line in the grating valley portion constitutes a triangular pyramidal folding surface, and the radiation angle of the emitted light of the refractive grating is enlarged. 1. The illumination device of claim 3, wherein the long side of the convex reflecting surface contacts the horizontal plane, and the orthogonal direction of the traveling direction of the parallel light of the long axis direction is 'the curved surface length d of the curvature half circumference The convex reflecting surface reflects the short-field of the excitation wavelength from both directions, and the value is roughly the average value of the wave. Wherein the heat-dissipating reflecting surface or the long-line light source is formed by tilting the constituent unit, and by illuminating the column, the illuminating grating is irradiated with the oblique direction of the refracting grating, so that the rectangular distance is placed from the optical path r, along Parallel light, 48 201037230 Mix and shoot in the same direction with a radiation angle of 0 = d. 360 ° / (27 rr). 49