SU982039A2

SU982039A2 - Information readout device

Info

Publication number: SU982039A2
Application number: SU813309088A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Леонид Степанович Жмулев; Александр Александрович Иванов; Олег Борисович Козлов; Евгений Иванович Строков
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я А-3904
Priority date: 1981-06-30
Filing date: 1981-06-30
Publication date: 1982-12-15

Description

Изобретение относитс к автоматике и вычислительной технике,в част ности, к устройствам дл считывани гр :фической информации, и может быть ис пользовано при исследовании физичес ких процессов, в рентгеноскопии, при (Изучении результатов аэрофотосъемок и т.д. По основному авт.св. № 631949 известно устройство дл считывани графической информации, содержащее телевизионный датчик, соединенный с блока ми формировани строчной и кадровойр 1зверток и через видеоусилитель с блоком видеоконтррл , первый счетчику подключенный к блокам формировани строчнрй и кадровой разверток и к одному из. входов блока сопр жени , другой вход которого через последовательно соединенные схему пропускани и. блок формировани стробирую ,щих импульсов подключен к блоку сравнени , второй счетчик, соединенный с блоками формировани кадровой развертки , сравнени и сопр жени , и генератрр импульсов, третий счетчик, соединенный с блоком форгчировани строчной развертки, блоком сравнени Н генератором импульсов, аналого-циф ровой преобразователь, вход которого подключен к в 1дерусилителю, а выход через блок пропускани соединен с блоком сопр жени 3. Однако это устройство характеризуетс недостаточно высоким быстрЪдействием . Цель изобретени - повышение быстродействи устройства. Поставленна цельдостигаетс тем,, что в устройство введены первый и второй регистры, входы которых соединены с аналого-цифровым преобразователем , первый реверсивный счетчик, выход которого подключен -к блоку сопр жени , первый индикатор, соединенный с первым реверсивным счетчиком, переключатель, одни выходы которого подключены к первому реверсивному счетчику, второй реверсивный счетчик , входы которого соединены с другими выходами переключател ,второй индикатор, подключенный ко втррому реверсивному счетчику, второй генератор импульсов, соединенный с входом перекл19чате1л , второй блок сравнени , один выход которого подключен к первому реверсивному сметчику, другой соединен с третьим счетчиком, а выход подключен ко второму регистру , и к блоку формировани управл йщйзс импульсов, выход которого соедипен с аналого-цифровым преобразователем , третий блок сравнени , подключенный ко второму счетчику и второму реверсивному счетчику, элемент И, входы которого соединены со вторым 5 и третьим блоками сравнени , а выход подключен к первому регистру и к блоку формировани управл ющих импульсов , третий индикатор, соединенный с первым регистром, четвертый 10 блок сравнени , входы которого подключены ко второму регистру и к Третьему счетчику, к последовательно соеди-. ненные дискриминатор, подключенный к ; видеоусилителю и к блоку пропускани ,$ элемент ИЛИ, другие входы которого подключены ко второму, третьему и четвертому блокам сравнени , и форМИрователь импульсов подсвета,выход которого подключен к блоку видеокон- Q трол .The invention relates to automation and computer technology, in particular, to devices for reading group information, and can be used in the study of physical processes, in fluoroscopy, in (Examination of the results of aerial photography, etc.) No. 631949, a device for reading graphic information is known, which contains a television sensor connected to the horizontal and horizontal frame formation units and through a video amplifier with a video control unit, the first counter connected to the units. A line and frame sweep to one of the inputs of the interface block, the other input of which is connected through a serially connected transmission circuit and a gating formation unit, connected to the comparison unit, a second counter connected to the framing, matching and conjugation units and a pulse generator, the third counter connected to a horizontal scanning unit, a comparison unit H by a pulse generator, an analog-to-digital converter, the input of which is connected to a power amplifier, and passing through the unit is connected to the interface unit 3. However, this device is characterized by not high enough bystrdeystviem. The purpose of the invention is to increase the speed of the device. The goal is achieved by the fact that the device includes the first and second registers, whose inputs are connected to an analog-digital converter, the first reversible counter, the output of which is connected to the interface unit, the first indicator connected to the first reversible counter, the switch, one outputs of which connected to the first reversing counter, the second reversing counter, the inputs of which are connected to other outputs of the switch, the second indicator connected to the second reversing counter, the second impu generator A second comparison unit, one output of which is connected to the first reversing estimator, another is connected to the third counter, and the output is connected to the second register, and to the pulse shaping control unit, the output of which is connected to the analog-digital converter, the third comparison block connected to the second counter and the second reversible counter, the AND element, whose inputs are connected to the second 5 and third comparison blocks, and the output connected to the first register and to the shaping unit control pulses, the third indicator connected to the first register, the fourth 10 comparison unit, the inputs of which are connected to the second register and to the Third counter, are connected to the series. unnumbered discriminator connected to; a video amplifier and a pass-through unit, an OR element, the other inputs of which are connected to the second, third and fourth comparison units, and a backlight pulse former, the output of which is connected to the video-Q Trol unit.

На фиг. 1 представлено предлагаемое устройство; на фиг, 2 - блок формировани управл ющих импульсов.FIG. 1 shows the proposed device; Fig. 2 shows a control pulse shaping unit.

Устройство содержит телевизионный 25 датчик 1, видеоусилитель 2, блоки 3 и 4 формировани кадровой и строчной разверток соответственно, первый 5 и .второй б счетчики, первый блок 7 сравнени , блок 8 формировани управ-, л ющих ИМПУЛЬСОВ, блок 9 пропускани , блок 10 видёоконтрол , блок 11 сопр жени , третий счетчик 12, аналогоцифровой преобразователь 13, первый 3,4 и второй 15 генераторы импульсов, реверсивные счетчики 16 и 17, первый 5 18, второй 19 и третий 20 цифровые индикаторы, второй 21, третий 22 и четвертый 23 блоки сравнени , формирователь .24 иглпульсов под свет а, пер вый 25 и второй 26 регистры, дискримина- 40 тор 27, Лереключатель 28, элемент И 29, элемент И 30. Устройство содержит также ЭВМ 31.The device contains a television 25 sensor 1, a video amplifier 2, blocks 3 and 4 of the formation of personnel and line scan, respectively, the first 5 and second b counters, the first block 7 comparison, block 8 of the formation of control- ly impulses PULSE 9 block skip, block 10 video monitor, interface 11, third counter 12, analog-to-digital converter 13, first 3.4 and second 15 pulse generators, reversible counters 16 and 17, first 5 18, second 19 and third 20 digital indicators, second 21, third 22 and fourth 23 comparison units, a .24 needle pulses under light a, the first 25 and second 26 registers, discriminator 40 tor 27, the switch 28, element 29 and element 30 and 30. The device also contains a computer 31.

На фиг. 2 представлен один из воз-45 можных вариантов выполнени блока В. Он содержит переключатели 32, 33 и 34,. инверторы 35, 36 и 37, усилители формирователи 38 и 39.FIG. 2 shows one of the possible 45 variants of block B. It contains switches 32, 33 and 34 ,. inverters 35, 36 and 37, amplifier shapers 38 and 39.

Переключател ми устанавливают ре- JQ жим работы устройства.The switches set the mode of operation of the device.

. .

Устройство работает следующим образом . .The device works as follows. .

Визуальное изображение преобразуетс передающим телевизионным датчиком 1 в видеосигнал, который усиливаетс видеоусилителем 2. Видеосигнал с выхода видеоусилител 2 подаетс на вход анллого-цифрового преобразовател 13. По сигналам с выхода блойа «О 8 формировани управл ющих импульсов, поступающих на второй вход аналогоцифрового преобразовател 13, осуществл етс преобразование видеосигнала в цифровой код, несущий информациюj65The visual image is converted by the transmitting television sensor 1 into a video signal, which is amplified by video amplifier 2. The video signal from the output of video amplifier 2 is fed to the input of the analog-digital converter 13. The signals from the output of the "O 8 control pulse generation to the second input of the analog-digital converter 13, converts the video signal to a digital code that carries information j65

ТЗ ркости считываемого элемента изображени .TK brightness of the read element of the image.

Синхронизацию блока 4 формировани строчной развертки осуществл ют от стабильного генератора 14 через .-. счетчик 12, ВЫПОЛНЯЮЩИЙ функции делител частоты (дл синхронизации используетс импульс, возникающий на выходе счетчика в момент установки всех его разр дов в положение О). Число, зарегистрированное счетчиком 12, в любой момент времени пропорционально координате X считываемого элемента изображени . Блок 4, в свою очередь, осуществл ет синхронизацию блока 3 формировани кадровой развертки через счетчик 5, также выполн ющий функцию делител частоты. Число, зарегистрированное счетчиком 5, в любой момент времени пропорционально координате Y. считываемого элемента изображени .The synchronization of the horizontal scanning unit 4 is performed from the stable generator 14 through .-. counter 12, the PERFORMER of the frequency divider function (for synchronization, a pulse arises at the output of the counter at the moment all its bits are set to the O position). The number registered by the counter 12 is at any time proportional to the X coordinate of the readable picture element. Block 4, in turn, synchronizes block framing unit 3 via counter 5, which also performs the function of a frequency divider. The number registered by the counter 5 at any time is proportional to the Y coordinate of the readable picture element.

Таким образом, стабильность частоты строчной и кадровой разверток определ етс стабильностью частоты генератора 14, задающего длите пьность такта срабатывани всего устройства. Эта длительность значительно меньше длительности цикла ввода в ЭВМ 31 информации о координатах считываемой точки. Например, при работе телевизионного датчика 1 в стандартном телевизионном режиме (312 строк и 50 полей в секунду) и квантовании строки на 320 элементов длительность такта срабатывани устройства составит 0,2 МКС, в то врем как продолжительность цикла ввода в ЭВМ 31 координат одной точки составл ет несколько микросекунд или несколько дес тков микросекунд в зависимости от типа ЭВМ и используемой программы ввода информации. Дл ввода в ЭВМ 31 информации о всех элементах изображени используетс многократное считывание изображени с выделением при каждом цикле считывани (кадре) информации о ркости отдельных точек (элементов изображени ), причем каждой точке ставитс в соответствие определенна абсцисса X и определенна орди ата Y, значени которых снимаютс со счетчиков 6 и 5 соответственно . Счетчик 6 подключен к выходу блока 3 и осуществл ет счет циклов считывани (кадров). Входы блока 7 подключены к соответствующим разр дам счетчиком 12 и 6 таким образом, что при определенном соотношении чисел , зарегистри ванных счетчиками 12 и 6, например, при их равенстве, на выхьде блока 7 возникает импульс, поступающий на блок 8.Thus, the frequency stability of the line and frame sweeps is determined by the frequency stability of the generator 14, which sets the duration of the tact of the operation of the entire device. This duration is significantly less than the duration of the input cycle in the computer 31 of the information about the coordinates of the read point. For example, when television sensor 1 is operating in standard television mode (312 lines and 50 fields per second) and quantizing a line for 320 elements, the tact time of the device operation is 0.2 MCS, while the input cycle cycle time in the computer 31 coordinates of one point It lasts several microseconds or several tens of microseconds depending on the type of computer and the information input program used. To enter into the computer 31 information about all elements of the image, multiple readings of the image are used with the selection of information on the brightness of individual points (pixels) during each reading cycle (frame), and each point is assigned a certain abscissa X and a certain ordi nate Y, the values of which counters 6 and 5, respectively. Counter 6 is connected to the output of block 3 and counts read cycles (frames). The inputs of block 7 are connected to the corresponding bits by counter 12 and 6 in such a way that when a certain ratio of numbers registered by counters 12 and 6, for example, when they are equal, a pulse arrives at block 8 at the output of block 7.

Claims

The position code of the switches (mode code) through inverters 35, 36 and 37 is fed to the second input of block 9 together with the control signals, removed from the output amplifier section 39, from the output of block 9, the mode code black blocks 11 to the input device Computer 31. Depending on the computer mode code, the mode is automatically (programmatically) set to the mode and the processing of the incoming information. When the switch 34 is closed, the device operates in the mode of inputting all information into the computer and the inputs of amplifiers-shapers 38 and 39 are supplied with a control signal from block 7. At the outputs of the amplifiers-shapers 38 and 39 fop "control signals go to the second inputs, respectively analog-to-digital converter 13 and block 9 Block 9 transmits a code from the output of an analog digital converter 13 to the input of block 11 only if a control signal from block 8 is fed to the second input of block 9, i.e. under the condition of a certain ratio of numbers registered by the counters 12 and 6. For example, during the first read cycle (frame) to the input of block 11 with a horizontal scanning period (in the standard television mode 64 µs). information is received on the brightness of the initial sections of all lines of the raster, i.e. information about the brightness of the points (picture elements), the abscess of which is equal to one. In the second read cycle, the luminance information of the check, which has an abscissa of two and so on, arrives at the input of block 11. The X and Y coordinates of the read points arrive at the second and third inputs of the interface 11 with the counters 6 and 5, respectively, and the abscissa information of the point (the number registered by the counter 5) remains unchanged during the entire horizontal scanning period. Unit 11 provides transfers of information on coordinates and brightness. all points of the read image to the input devices of the computer 31. The read image is reproduced by block 10, the input of which receives the video signal from the output of the video amplifier

2. For on-line analysis of the read information, a direct digital reading of the coordinates and brightness of the selected image element is used. The pulses from the generator 15 using the switch 28 to the inputs of the reversible counters 16 and 17 are set on the digital indicators 18 and 19 connected to the counter 16 and 17, respectively, to the values of X and Y of the selected image element. The inputs of the comparator unit 21 are connected to the corresponding discharges of the counter 12 and the reversible counter 16 in such a way that, at a certain ratio between the numbers registered by the counters 12 and 16, for example, when they are equal, an output occurs at the output 21 through the element OR 30 on. shaper 24 pulses backlight. The output pulses of the imaging unit 24, arriving at the second input of the unit 10, form on the screen of the unit 10 a vertical reference line, the abscissa of which corresponds to the number recorded by the reversing counter 16 and displayed by the digital indicator 18. The inputs of the unit 22 are connected to the corresponding bits of the counters 5 and 17 in this way that at a certain ratio between the numbers registered by the counters 5 and 17, for example, when they are equal, the output of block 22 produces a pulse arriving through the element OR 30 to the imaging unit 24. Output Forg / marovate pulses 24, arriving at the second input of block 10, form on the screen of block 10 a horizontal reference line, the ordinate of which corresponds to the number recorded by the reversing counter 17 and displayed by digital indicator 19. Thus, on the screen of block 10, a reference crosshair is formed, the coordinate the center of which is set by the operator and digitally displayed on indicators 18 and 19. The second outputs of blocks 21 and 22 are connected to the inputs of the And 29 element. At the time of reading the image element whose position on the screen is Eye 10 coincides with the position of the center of the crosshair, the output signals of blocks 21 and. 22 coincide, while at the output of the element And 29 a signal is received, which arrives at the second register input. 25 and providing a record in register 25 of a digital code from the output of the analog-to-digital converter 13. The number recorded in register 25 is reproduced on digital indicator 20 connected to register 25, this number corresponds to the brightness of the selected element of the amp; Thus, the operator can either directly make digital measurements of the coordinates and brightness of any image element, or, by closing switch 33, set the mode in which only information about the coordinates and brightness of selected image elements is entered into the computer 31. In this mode, the signal arising at the output of the element H 29 at the time of coincidence of the signals from the outputs of blocks 21 and 22 is fed through an amplifier — shaper 39 is fed to the input of block 9, which transfers data from the output of analog-digital converter 13 to the input of block 11 The block 11 provides the transfer of information about the coordinates and luminance of the selected image point to the input devices of the computer 31. To reduce the transmission time, a single image reading is used, the value of the X point abscissa is removed from the reverse screen. 16, and the ordinate value of the point Y is removed from counter 5. When the switch 32 is closed, the information about the brightness of all points with the X abscissa specified by the operator is entered into the computer. Introducing new units and constructive connections allows a significant increase in the speed of the device, since The computers of certain image areas reduce the amount of information processed and, accordingly, reduce computer time. The invention A device for reading information on the author. St. 63il949, characterized in that, in order to improve the speed of the device, it contains the first and second registers, the inputs of which are connected to the analog-to-digital converter, the first reversible counter, the output of which is connected to the interface block,. the first indicator connected to the first reversible counter, a switch, one outputs of which are connected to the first reversible counter, a second reversible counter whose inputs are connected to other inputs of the switch, the second indicator, under |) connected to the second reversing counter, the second pulse generator connected to the switch input, the second comparison unit, one output of which is connected to the first reversing counter, the other connected to the third counter, and the output connected to the second register and to the unit The third control unit connected to the second counter and the second reversible counter, the AND element whose input is connected to the second and third comparison blocks, and the output connected to the first register and to the unit forming control pulses, the third indicator connected to the first register, the fourth comparison unit, whose inputs are connected to the second register and the k third counter, and connected in series to the discriminator, connected Connected to the video amplifier and to the transmission unit, the OR element, the other inputs of which are connected to the second, third and fourth comparison units, and the backlight pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the video control unit. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 631949, cl. G 06 K 11/00, 1977 (prototype).

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