SU1651309A1 - Apparatus for training welders - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to technical means of teaching tool handling, in particular, to equipment for the manual arc welding station. The purpose of the invention is to enhance the functional and didactic capabilities by providing correct feedbacks. The simulator contains a power source of a low-ampere welding arc. The invention relates to technical means of teaching the use of the tool and can be used for teaching techniques and skills of manual arc welding, as well as methods of tuning to a given welding mode. The purpose of the invention is to expand the functional and didactic possibilities through the use of a low ampere welding arc. Figure 1 shows the scheme of the proposed device; 2 - electrode structurizer and electrode holders with a motor drive imitation of electrode reflow, which is made in the form of a motor with a winding drum, the cable of which is located across the cavity of the handle of the simulator of the holder and is connected to the handle of the electrode holder simulator with the working end of the spring-loaded electrode simulator. The separated edges of the simulator of the parts to be welded, made of aluminum or copper parts, are covered with low-temperature flux-like pas resistant, reusable, and a graphite or aluminum rod is laid in the root of the groove, the bottom of which is equal to the gap in the joint. The power source is made in the form of a low-power transformer assembly with an artificially increased magnetic dissipation and is connected to the switching unit and to the welding arc control unit. 2 Il. on the block diagram of a simulator for teaching welding skills. The device contains a welding source 1 of a low-ampere welding arc placed in the layout-copy 2 of an industrial welding power source, the simulator 3 of the product being welded is made of aluminum or copper parts, the separated edges of which are covered with flux paste 4, and graphite or aluminum 5 core (L 0 eaten with about

Description

the diameter of which is equal to the size of the gap in the joint, the motor drive for imitation of electrode flashing, also placed in layout copy 2, is made in the form of a motor 6, which through a gear coupling 7 is connected to a spring coil mechanism 8 by a winding drum 9 for winding a flexible cable 10 one end of which mounted on the working surface of the drum 9, and the other through a flexible metal hose 11, the handle of the electrode holder 12, the return spring 13 of the metal electrode rod simulator is connected to the working end of the latter in places a replaceable graphite tip 1 5, and a guide sleeve 17 is installed inside the tube 1 b to guide the movement of the simulator 14 metal electrode rod. The return spring 13 of the simulator 14 metal electrode rod is located between the end of the guide sleeve 17 and the restriction washer 18 near the replaceable graphite tip 15 One clamp of the terminal board of the case of the layout copy 2 is electrically connected by a line 19 of communication with the simulator 3 of the product being welded, and the other clamp of the terminal board of the layout copy 2 of the welding source The power supply is connected by a cable connection line 20 to the cable 10. The motor housing 6, the clutch coupling 7 body, the drum housing 9 for winding the cable and the metal cable 10 are used as a conductor of parts and the required voltage is applied to the arc gap.

The return spring 13 of the simulator 14 of the metal rod of the electrode, together with the interchangeable graphic tip 15, the tube 16, the guide sleeve 17 and the limit switch 21, constitute the simulator of the electrode.

The electrode simulator with the electrode holder simulator 12 is designed to simulate a real welding electrode with a holder used in the practice of welding production.

The motor drive is designed to provide a reduction in the working length of the electrode simulator, i.e. To retract the rod 14 into the body of the tube 16. The limit switch 21 is designed to stop the engine 6 at the moment of its impact on the upper end of the rod 14, the clutch spring actuator 8 is designed to disable the ba

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the engine 9 from the engine 6 in order to return the rod 14 under the action of the spring 13 to the initial state.

A graphite tip 15, a flux-like paste 4, an aluminum or graphite rod 5 are designed to initiate a steady burning of a low-power arc, and a flux-like paste 4 is intended to dilute the weld pool and form a weld simulator from a melted flux-like paste.

The structural block diagram of the simulator (Fig. 2) includes a block 22 — a unit for exciting, maintaining and adjusting a low-ampere welding arc; unit 23 is a power supply unit consisting of node 24 (low-power transformer) and node 25 (rectifying node) connected in series; block 26 — switching device; block 27 — block for registering short circuits and open circuits in an arc; block 22 is a block for driving, maintaining and regulating a low amperage arc, consisting of a simulator of a welded article 3, an electrode simulator.

The arc gap, to which the voltage is applied from the power source of a low-ampere welding arc, is the gap between the simulator of the product being welded and the end of a replaceable graphite tip of the electrode diameter.

The output of block 23 is connected to the first input of block 22 and to the input of block 26, and the outputs of block 26 are connected to the second input of block 22 and the input of block 27.

The simulator for teaching welding skills works as follows.

Before the start of training, the training disengages the gear coupling 7. Under the action of the spring 13, the rod 14 is set to its original position, i.e. the length of the simulator | electrode is set to the maximum.

The student then puts on the welding mask and closes the end of the graphite tip i 1 5 on the rod 5. Simultaneously, the switching device 26 is activated, which is electrically connected to the output of the rectifying unit 25 of the unit 23. The triggering occurs at the moment of short circuit on the arc when the voltage at the output of the rectifier block of 25 block

23 drops to zero. The power from the grid through the switching device enters the motor 6, the winding drum 9 starts rotating, and the metal shield 10 is wound on it, which leads to the metal rod simulator 14 being pulled into the tube 16. In addition, from The gap (the replaceable graphite tip-surface of the simulator of the product being welded) is supplied by the voltage along the lines 19 and 20 of the connection. A replaceable graphite tip is heated intensively. When the end face of the replaceable graphite tip is removed from the surface of the simulator of the product being welded, a low ampere arc arc is excited. Failure of the registration of short circuits 27

In the process of training, a low-arc machino machyno arc discharge is used for a standard arc arc.

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Kelgoz - Gch-hista y, ya; The ego provides for the use of a small (: ie 6o, ipe 50-100 W) electric power for the simulator, as the formation of welded PPC wastes; it will not be at the expense of the planning of an electric tag, g, which requires the sick electrical power, but Plaspenn mouth: from fine-grained components,

The simulator ends at the moment of complete shortening of the electroplating simulator, since this: -meng upper end of the rod 1 4 acts at the end of the switch 21, which causes the engine to stop the engine. This is where the exercise process ends. Sang P rush simulator pg- i unskillful operator’s actions, the arc is broken, then the following is triggered) I wipe the device 26 (figure 2), so: at the moment of the break, a voltage of 15

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ensuring stability of low amperio 25 and power supply unit 23. With

The arc discharge uses a graphite tip 15 at the end of the steel rod 1A of the electrode simulator. The graphite tip 1 5 in at net, short-circuit and arc burning is heated to high temperatures, which provides stabilization of arc burning due to artificially increased thermionic emission in this way.

To increase the stability of a low amperage arc, measures such as the use of direct current of direct polarity, an increase in the inductance of the arc welding power source, the use of flux paste 4, which is a mechanical mixture of borax, fine-grained flux mixed with liquid, were also used. glass. All these components have a low ionization potential.

On paste 4 when exposed to heat of low-ampere arc discharge

A liquid weld bath appears, 50 ° C of the Rectal feedback, since during solidification of which a welding simulator is formed.

This paste must be used repeatedly. The electrical power required to melt s of the paste 4 is significantly lower than the electrical power that is needed to melt the flux, since the paste contains fine-grained drill and

they correspond to relaying a welding arc, and not to objects of imitation.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A simulator for teaching welding skills, containing the source of power of the welding arc, simulator of electrode and electrode holder, motor 0 In this case, the switching device acts on the input of the block 27 for registering short circuits and arc interruptions and performs the hsu ms of the mountain drive shortening of the electromotive simulator. The quality of the conducted training is judged by the type of simulator of the weld and by the parameters of the block of short closures and breaks. The use in the training process at the production training stage of the simulator for training in welding welding badges provides a significant reduction in training time, since the number of jobs (due to their low energy intensity and size) may correspond to the number of trainees, which, when using full-scale equipment, is impossible in the conditions of the educational institution due to the lack of space and on the economic. These considerations. The reduction of time is also achieved through the use of five 0 to ° Rectal feedback, since they correspond to relaying a welding arc, and not to objects of imitation. Invention Formula A simulator for teaching welding skills, containing a welding arc power source, a simulator of a electrode and an electrode holder, a motor the drive to simulate the electrode melting, the simulator of the product being welded, and the unit for registering short circuits and breaks in the welding arc, characterized in that in order to enhance the functional and didactic possibilities by providing correct feedbacks, it contains a low-ampere welding arc power source placed in the layout copy industrial welding source, power supply, while the simulator of the product being welded is made of aluminum or copper parts, the cut edges of which are covered with flux-like paste of a fine-grained flux mixed with liquid glass, and a graphite or aluminum rod is placed at the root of the edge groove, the diameter of which is equal to the gap in the joint, the electrode simulator is made in the form of 6 0 tube mounted on the end of the electrode holder simulator and equipped with a guide sleeve, in which a spring-loaded simulator of a metal rod of the welding electrode is installed with a graphite tip attached to the lower end and a pull-in current-carrying cable connected to the motor drive of the electrode melting simulator and to the power source of a low-ampere welding arc welding source and a low-amp welding arc heat source and a power source of a low amperage welding arc connected to the motor drive simulating the electrode melting and with a power source of a low amperage welding arc, and connected to the power source of the low-ampere welding arc, and a power source of the low-ampere welding arc, and a power source of the low-ampere welding electrode, and a power source of the low amperage welding arc, connected to the motor drive simulating the electrode melting and connected to the power source of a low-amp welding arc, and connected to the power source of the low-ampere welding electrode, and with the power source of the low amperage welding arc, and the power source of the low-ampere welding electrode and the power source of the low amperage welding arc, are connected. containing a node of a low-power transformer connected by an output through a rectifying node to the first input of the switching unit and to the input of the unit excitation, maintenance and regulation of the arc length, the second input of which is connected with the output of the switching unit, the other output, which is connected to the recording unit of short circuits and breaks of the welding arc. 3 8 1 FIG. 2