SU1476149A1 - Method of controlling gas-and-dust mixture in blasting work in open mines - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the mining industry. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of dust and gas suppression and prevent pollution of the environment due to the impact on the dust and gas cloud at the time of its formation. Before blasting on the ledge of the quarry block along the contour of the overlying ledge, drill t inclined wells (NS) and horizontal holes (GS). NS and GSH are charged with additional charges and placed in the GSH on the side of the mouth of the inhibitors. After the block is blown up in the path of the dust-gas cloud, additional charges in the GSH are created by first creating the primary temperature-lowering barrier from the inhibitors, and then the secondary rock barrier by the directed explosion of the additional charges in the NA. In the initial period of its formation, the dust and gas cloud, facing a barrier of inhibitors, loses its store of thermal energy. It then interacts with the rock barrier, loses its kinetic energy, deforms and disperses inside the pit and does not pollute the external environment. 3 il.

Description

(21) 4253153 / 23-03

(22) 05/28/87

(46) 04.30.89. Bksh. Number 16

(71) Dnipropetrovsk Mining Institute. Artyom

(72) A.V. Zberovsky, A.I. Getalo, B.Ye.Sobko, V.M.Matveychuk and G.N.Julay

(53) 622.445 (088.8)

(56) Author's certificate of the USSR No. 726348, cl. E 21 F 1/00, 5/02, 1980.

USSR Author's Certificate No. 1165800, cl. E 21 F 1/00, 5/02, 1983.

(54) METHOD OF STRUGGLE AGAINST PULSE-CLOUD DURING EXPLOSION WORKS IN CAREER

(57) The invention relates to the mining industry. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of dust and gas suppression and prevent pollution of the environment due to the impact on the dusty cloud at the moment of its formation .- Before blasting on the ledge of the quarry of the block along the contour of the upper ledge, inclined boreholes (PS) and horizontal holes (PC). NS and P11 are charged with additional charges and placed in the GSH on the side of the mouth of the inhibitors. After the block is blown up in the path of the dust-gas cloud, the additional charges in the GSH are created by first creating a primary temperature-lowering barrier of inhibitors, and then a secondary rock barrier with a directed explosion of additional charges in the NA. In the initial period of its formation, the dust and dust cloud, facing an obstacle of inhibitors, loses its store of thermal energy. Then it interacts with the rock barrier, loses its kinetic energy, deforms and scatters inside the quarry and does not pollute the external environment. 3 il.

with

S

one

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used to control dust and gases during blasting operations in the open pit mining of mineral deposits.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of dust and gas suppression and to prevent pollution of the environment due to the impact on the dust and dust cloud at the moment of its formation.

j

Figure 1 shows an explosive block, a general view; figure 2 - directional effect of secondary breed barriers; in FIG. 3, a ledge with an exploding unit, and adjacent ledges, a general view.

In a quarry, block 1 is prepared for a massive explosion. Before the explosion, inclined bore holes 2 and horizontal holes 3 are loaded along the contour of the overlying scarp.

J

WITH

dispersed charges 4, and horizontal holes 3 - additional charges 5 and heat-lowering inhibitors 6 (temperature lowering ХAV) are placed in holes 3 on the side of the mouth. After charging and blasting the grid of wells 7 of block 1 in the path of movement of the nascent dust cloud 8, they create a primary temperature-lowering barrier due to the directional release of inhibitors 6 into the epicenter of the dust-gas cloud 8 by blowing up additional charges 5 in the holes 3 and then creating dust and gas in the path of dust and gas clouds 8 secondary rock obstacle 9 (from the mineral upper recess) directed blast of additional charges 4 in inclined wells 2 from the periphery of block 1.

The wells 2 are positioned obliquely to reduce the size of the line of least resistance and increase the efficiency of the directional ejection of the rock.

For blasting, the dispersed construction of charges 4 in the form of a wire is used, which allows to create the maximum crushing effect and powerful directional action of the explosion.

In the initial period of its formation, the dust-gas cloud 8, colliding with temperature-lowering inhibitors 6, loses its thermal energy supply, and collides with the breed obstacle 9 created by the directional explosion of borehole charges 4 of the overlying scarp, loses its kinetic energy, distorts and dissipates inside the career space.

Example. It is necessary to blast the block on the ledge with the following characteristic: the height of the ramp is 15 m, the angle of the slope of the ledge is 80e, the width of the blasting block is 30 m, the length of the blasting block is 100 m, the diameter of the wells is 250 mm, the length of the wells is 17.5 m, type BB - grammonite 30/70, the number of explosives in one well is 1150 kg, the number of wells is 30,

The primary temperature-reducing barrier is created by the directional release of heat-absorbing inhibitors 6 from horizontal holes 3 drilled on the slope of the overlying scarp with the following parameters: hole diameter 46 mm, hole length 5 m, type BB

Q 0

five

Q

.Q

from 5

five

30/70 grammonite (trained), the amount of explosives in one hole is 0.3 kg, the type of heat-absorbing inhibitor is disubstituted ammonium phosphate, the number of boreholes is 30, the holes are, for example, three rows of 10 holes in the row between wells 2 ( figure 1).

The secondary rock barrier 9 is created by the directional explosion of additional downhole charges 4 located on the overlying bench with the following parameters: the angle of inclination of the wells is 80 °; the well length is 17.2 m, the well diameter is 250 mm, the type of explosives is 30/70 grammonite, the number of wells is 11, the amount of explosives in one well is 1127 kg.

The method is implemented as follows.

When blasting the last peripheral row of wells 7 of the main unit 1, simultaneously blast drilling charges 5 with temperature-lowering inhibitors 6 and the upper part of the dispersed charge 4 (beats) of wells 2. At the same time, the subsequent distributed charges in wells 2 explode from top to bottom with a deceleration interval of 10 ms. using pyrotechnic deceleration relays of TSDSH-58, which allows to obtain the required form of rock barriers in the path of the dust-gas cloud.

The temperature lowering inhibitors 6 penetrate under the action of the blast of blast-hole charge 5 into the zone of the emerging dust-gas cloud and reduce the temperature of the cloud 8-. Further blasting of dispersed charges 4 in inclined boreholes 2 forms a rock obstacle 9 above the dust-and-dust cloud, which deforms and disperses the cloud 8 inside the quarry, excluding dust and gas emissions into the environment.

The invention makes it possible to increase the suppression efficiency of the pypegas cloud, interrupt the process of its active formation at the initial stage, leads to neutralization and coagulation of dust particles, eliminates the release of mass explosion products outside the pit and prevents environmental pollution.

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1

eight

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FIG. 2

Fig.Z

Claims (1)

Claim A method of combating a dust and gas cloud in blasting operations in a quarry, ₅ including the creation of a primary temperature-reducing and secondary obstacles to the movement of a dust and gas cloud during explosions in the ledges of a quarry, characterized in that with * the aim of increasing the efficiency of dust suppression and preventing environmental pollution for account for dust and gas cloud in 149 the moment of its formation, before the explosion in the quarry, horizontal boreholes and deviated wells are drilled along the contour of the overlying ledge, they are charged with additional charges and inhibitors are placed in the said horizontal boreholes, while the primary temperature-reducing barrier is created by a directed explosion of additional charges in horizontal boreholes, and the secondary barrier is created directed explosion of additional charges in deviated wells. Figure 1 Fi g. 2. '1476149 Fig.Z