SU1431736A1 - Apparatus for determining the degree of expressiveness of brain edema - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to medical technology. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of diagnosis of local brain edema. The device contains a transmitter 1 ultrasonic pulses, a receiver 3 ultra-sound pulses, amplifiers 4, oscillographic indicator 5, synchronization generator 6, generator 7 tags, generator 8 sweep, buffer stage 9, comparator 10 and gate 11, counter 12, one the vibrator 13 and the buffer stage 14. With the reduction of additional signals (less than ten), the light and sound alarms are turned off, the most affected area of the brain is searched for and the monitor control is performed again. 2 Il.

Description

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; The invention relates to medical devices and is used for the echolocation diagnosis of cerebral edema in various diseases of the central nervous system, monitor monitoring of the development of edema, and monitoring of therapeutic measures taken.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of diagnosing local edema of the brain by creating a second mobile label and counting the number of reflected pulses between NeTKaMH.

FIG. 1 shows the functional diagram of the device; in fig. 2 - time diagrams that show the operation of the device.

I The device contains successively median transmitter 1 ultrasonic pulses, the studied structure 2 patient's brain, receiver 3 ultrasonic pulses, amplifier 4, oscillographic indicator 5, synchronizing generator 6, generator 7 tags, the input of which is connected with the output of the synchronizing generator 6, and the output with the second input of the amplifier 4 and the generator 8 of the sweep, the input of which is connected to the output of the synchronizing generator 6, and the output with horizontal plates of the oscillographic indicator torus 5, successively connected to the buffer cascade 9, the input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier 4, the comparator 10 and the valve 11, the count Cyc 12, the first input of the valve 11 is connected to the output of the comparator 10, and the second input - to the output of the one-shot 13, the input of which is connected via a buffer stage 14 to the output of the generator 7 tags.

In addition, the output of the one-shot 4 through the serially connected tag generator 15 and the third buffer stage 16 is connected to the third output of the amplifier 4, and the output of the valve 11 is connected to the input of the counter 12. The output of the counter 12 is connected to an indicator consisting, for example, of the digital block 17 display unit 18 light alarm and block 19 audible alarm display.

The device is used as follows.

The device is located on the border of the anterior scalp 2 cm lateral to its sagittal line, with the possibility of elchlocation of the entire half of the upper anteroposterior projection, as well as the structures of the brain stem.

The ultrasound pulse transmitter 1 generates a signal that, reflected from the brain structures 2, is picked up by the receiver 3 and further amplified by the amplifier 4 to the video signal level (Uo, Fig. 2), which is necessary for visual observation on the oscillographic indicator 5. The tags generator 7 generates

signal “Label 1 (LJi, Fig. 2), which, together with the video signal, goes to the screen of the oscillographic indicator 5.

In addition, the video signal through the buffer

cascade 9 is fed to the input of comparator 10. Buffer cascade 9 is designed to match the video signal levels of an echograph and a comparator 10, which selects the transitions of one video signal character and converts them into TTL level pulses.

From the output of the comparator pulses (Us, Fig. 2) arrive at the first input of the valve 11.

The signal "Tag 1 from the output of the generator 7 tags through the second buffer stage 5 frame 14 is fed to the input of the one-shot 13. Buffer cascade 14 matches the levels of the signal" Tag 1 and the input level of the one-shot 13, which is performed on an integrated circuit. The single-oscillator generates a pulse with a duration equal to the studied section of the echogram (LH, Fig. 2). The signal from the one-shot output goes to the second input of the valve 11. The valve 11 transmits pulses from the comparator's output to the duration of the one-shot pulse 13. From the output of the valve 11, the pulses go to the input of counter 12, where they are counted in a single sweep period of the echoencephalograph (Us, Fig 2). The number of counted pulses can be visually read from the digital block 17

Q indication. In the label shaper 15, a pulse "Label 2 (Uo, Fig. 2)" is formed from the back edge of the pulse of the one-shot 13, which through the third buffer stage 16 enters the third input of the amplifier 4. On the screen of the echoencephalograph, the selected sweep current is obtained between the signals "Label 1 and “Label 2. The signal“ Label 2 is similar to the signal “Label 1, but for difference it is made smaller amplitude. On the screen of the oscillographic indicator 5, an image of the signals reflected from the structures of the skull and brain is recorded, the number of which does not exceed ten along the entire length of the scan. In the presence of cerebral edema in cases of mild edema, a conditional number of signals (ten) is recorded at a distance between two strobe pulses ("Label 1 and" Label 2) 570-50 mm, with an average degree of edema, the distance equal to 50-30 mm, with severe swelling of the brain less than 30 mm. 0 The monitoring is carried out as follows.

After turning on the Echo 11 or Echo 12 apparatus, an ultrasonic transducer with a frequency of 1.75 MHz is installed 2 cm 5 lateral to the sagittal line in the zone of the anterior scalp. After that, turn on the Power switch; set it to 4-5, then use the Gain controller to increase the amplitude until a sharp signal appears, M-zho. In addition to “M-echo, signals reflected from the walls of the lateral ventricles are recorded on the screen of the oscillographic indicator 5. If there are clinical signs of intracranial hypertension and cerebral edema, a device is included to determine the degree of cerebral edema. At the moment of switching on of the indicated device, the signal "Label 2 appears on the screen of the oscilloscope, between the signals" Label 1 and "Label 2 a distance of 20-30 mm is established and the number of reflected signals is determined. If their number on the digital indicator 17 reaches ten, the light blocks 18 and the audible alarm 19 are turned on, which corresponds to the presence of marked cerebral edema; if the number of signals is less than ten, and the search by the depth of propagation of the ultrasonic beam also does not reveal an increase in their number, a distance of 30-50 mm is established between the marks and the standard number of signals (ten) is again determined, and the section brain with the most pronounced edema. In the absence of light and sound alarms (the number of signals in this case is less than ten), the distance between the marks increases to 70 mm. If the number of signals is again less than ten, and a search by the depth of propagation of the ultrasound beam also does not reveal an increase in the number of signals, then it is considered that there are no echo signs of cerebral edema.

If there is evidence of cerebral edema and the need for long-term monitoring of the ultrasound probe is fixed in the area of location, the brightness of the oscilloscope screen is reduced to a minimum, which allows for more economical operation of the device, the light and sound alarm signaling are permanently on. When dehydrating therapy is carried out, if the number of additional signals decreases less than ten, the light and sound alarms are turned off, after which the distance between the signals "Label 1 and" Label 2 increases, the most affected area of the brain is searched in the area of the ultrasound signal and again monitor control. To simplify the study, from the very beginning of the monitoring control, a distance between 70 mm marks is established, corresponding to the border between normal and mild degree of cerebral edema, as the dehydrating therapy is performed, less than ten signals are expected to decrease, which is also indicated by turning off the light and

audible alarm.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 0 A device for determining the severity of cerebral edema, containing a series-connected clock generator, ultrasonic pulse transmitter and receiver, amplifier, oscillographic indicator, sweep generator, tag generator, the input of which is connected to the output of the clock generator and the output to the second amplifier input and generator scanner connected to the second input of the oscillographic indicator, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of the diagnosis of local edema the brain by creating a second mobile label and counting the number of reflected pulses between the tags, it is additionally equipped with serially connected by the first buffer cascade, comparator, valve, counter and indicator connected in series by the second buffer cascade, single-vibrator, driver of the labels and the third buffer cascade, moreover, the amplifier output is connected to the input of the first buffer stage, the output of the generator of the tags - to the input of the second buffer stage, the output of the one-vibrator - with the second input of the valve, the output of the three the third buffer stage - with the third input of the summing amplifier. Thebes. g