SI8510560A8

SI8510560A8 - Procedure and device for producing joints binds for electrically insulating or electrically conducting stick conection of rails, as also for build-in prepared joint bind

Info

Publication number: SI8510560A8
Application number: SI8510560A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Richard Martin
Original assignee: Wagner Elektrothermit
Priority date: 1985-04-04
Filing date: 1985-04-04
Publication date: 1996-06-30
Also published as: BA96126A; YU56085A; YU46726B

Description

POSTUPAK ZA PROIZVODNJO SPOJNIH VEŽICA ZA ELEKTRIČNO IZOLACIONE ILI ELEKTRIČNO PROVODLJIVE LEPLJENE SASTAVKE NA ŠINAMAPROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF JOINTS FOR ELECTRICALLY INSULATED OR ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTED GLUED INGREDIENTS

Oblast tehnike u koju spada pronalazakFIELD OF THE INVENTION

Pronalazak spada u oblast uredaja na kolosecima za vozila na električni pogon, a posebno se odnosi na elemente spoje va šina za provodenje struje ili za izolaciju. Oznaka prema Medunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata : B 60 M 5/00. Takode spada u oblast postupaka lepljenja, oznaka prema Medunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata: C 09 J 5/00.The invention falls within the scope of the trackside apparatus for electrically-powered vehicles, and in particular relates to elements of joints for conducting electricity or for insulation. Labeling according to the International Patent Classification: B 60 M 5/00. It also belongs to the field of adhesive processes, the designation according to the International Patent Classification: C 09 J 5/00.

Tehnički problemTechnical problem

Pronalaskom se rešava problem kako ostvariti postupak za izradu spojnih vežica za električno izolacione ili električno provodljive sastavke na šinama koloseka za vozila na električni pogon, kojim če se dobiti vežice obložene slojem lepka za metal, ojačanim slojem tkanih ili netkanih tekstilnih ili sta klenih vlakana, , u koji se ugraduju odstojnici od izolacionog materijala ili električno provodljivi elementi, pripremljene za neposrednu ugradnju na šine koloseka.The invention solves the problem of how to accomplish the process of making connecting pins for electrically insulating or electrically conductive assemblies on track rails for electrically-powered vehicles, which will produce pins coated with a layer of metal glue, a reinforced layer of woven or non-woven textile or glass fibers, incorporating spacers of insulating material or electrically conductive elements, prepared for direct installation on track rails.

- ιStanje tehnike- State of the art

Kod koloseka za vozila na električni pogon, pojedine šine se medusobno povezuju metalnim spojnim vežicama, koje ostvaruju električnu vezu, ili su izolacione, a spojene su sa obe šine na mestu sastavka lepljenjem lepkom za metale i zavrtnjima. Na šinama su načinjene komore za smeštaj vežice. Sloj lepka iz medu vežica i komora šina za smeštaj vežica ima neku unapred odredenu tvrdoču, kao i odredenu otpornost na pritisak, i sastoji se kod izolacionog sastojka od jednog ili više slojeva tkanih ili netkanih tekstilnih ili staklenih vlakana, natopljenih nekim lepkom koji se stvrdnjava na vazduhu, ili smešom epoksidna smola-očvrščivač. Za proizvodnju električno provodljivog spoja, poznato je iz austrijskog patentnog spisa AT-PS 374.216 da se u sloj lepka, koji može biti izveden i kao medusloj sa navedenom strukturom, umeču tela od električno provodljivog materi jala, najpogodnije čelične kuglice. Ova se tela kod pritezanja zavrtnjima vežica sa šinom probijaju. kroz sloj lepka, tako da dolaze u neposreden dodir sa naspramno postavljenim površinama vežice i šine, pri čemu čak i prodiru u ove.In the track for electric vehicles, the individual rails are interconnected by metal connecting pins, which are electrically bonded or insulated, and are connected to both rails at the assembly site by bonding with metal glue and screws. Chambers were placed on the rails to accommodate the garters. The layer of adhesive made of honey and the chambers of the rail housings has a predetermined hardness, as well as a certain resistance to pressure, and consists of an insulating component of one or more layers of woven or non-woven textile or glass fibers, impregnated with some adhesive that cures on air, or a mixture of epoxy resin-hardener. For the manufacture of an electrically conductive compound, it is known from the Austrian patent file AT-PS 374.216 that the most suitable steel ball is inserted into the adhesive layer, which can also be formed as an intermediate with said structure, from a body of electrically conductive material. These bodies are punctured when tightening the screws with the rail. through the adhesive layer, so that they come in direct contact with the opposite surfaces of the girder and rail, even penetrating these.

Pošto je izrada električno izolacionih i električno provodljivih lepljenih sastavaka na več postavijenom koloseku relativno komplikovana i iziskuje dosta vremena, zbog potre bne tačnosti radnih operacija koje treba izvoditi, a posebno nanošenja na vezicu lepka odnosno tkanina i unošenja kontaktnih tela u sloj lepka, a pored toga postoji i opasnost od prljanja, a zatim je teško vršiti naknadna merenja veličine omskog otpora, odnosno vrednosti provodljivosti, do sada se postupalo tako, da se krajnji delovi šina koje treba spojiti ovim vežicama i slojevima lepka, medusobno spoje još u fabrici, a zatim se ti delovi šina sa prethodno izradenim sastavcima zavare u kolosek.Since the manufacture of electrically insulated and electrically conductive adhesive compositions on an already installed track is relatively complicated and time consuming, due to the required accuracy of the work operations to be performed, especially the application to the adhesive or fabric lanyard and insertion of contact bodies into the adhesive layer, in addition there is also a risk of soiling, and subsequently it is difficult to make subsequent measurements of the magnitude of the ohmic resistance, or the conductivity value, so far, so that the end parts of the rails to be joined by these laces and adhesive layers are interconnected at the factory and these rail sections with pre-fabricated weld components into the track.

Bilo bi, medutim, u mnogim slučajevima poželjno da se izbegnu troškovi transporta ovih šinskih adaptera, kao i radovi na zavarivanju na mestu ugradnje, i sa time povezan utrošak radnog vremena, i da se spajanje šina obavi na mestu ugradnje unapred pripremljenih spojnih vežica. Iz britanskog patentnogHowever, in many cases it would be desirable to avoid the transportation costs of these rail adapters, as well as welding work at the installation site, and the associated time spent, and to connect the rail at the installation site of pre-assembled connecting pins. From the British patent

- ο spisa GB-PS 2,108,184 poznato je da se koristi kalup sa šupljinom koja odgovara profilu komore na šini za smeštaj vežice, pri čemu su u ovu šupljinu kalupa postavljeni odstojnici debljine koja odgovara debljini sloja lepka na obrazovanoj vežici. Pri torne je kalup po unošenju tela vežice zatvoren b®z koriščenja pritiska, a telo vežice je sa obe strane obloženo ubrizgavanjem smeše smola/očvrščivač. Na taj način nije se moglo ostvariti zadovolja· vajuče impregniranje umetnutog ojačanja sloja lepka.- ο file GB-PS 2,108,184 it is known to use a mold with a cavity corresponding to the chamber profile on the rail to accommodate the lug, with thickness spacers corresponding to the thickness of the adhesive layer on the formed lug being placed in this cavity of the mold. In the case of the inserts, the mold was closed after applying the body of the b®z using pressure, and the body of the mold was coated on both sides by injection of a resin / hardener mixture. In this way, a satisfactory impregnation of the inserted reinforcement of the adhesive layer could not be achieved.

Opis rešenja tehničkog problemaDescription of solution to a technical problem

Pronalazak se odnosi na postupak za izradu spojnih vežica za električno izolacione ili električno provodljive lepljene sastavke na šinama, kod koga se u šupljinu kalupa, koja odgovara profilu komore na šinama za smeštaj vežice postavljaju distanciona tela, odstojnici od izolacionog materijala, čija debljina odgovara debljini sloja lepka ostvarenog na metalnom telu vežice. Pri torne je u šupljinu kalupa unesen lepak za metal koji se stvrdnjava na vazduhu. U slučaju izrade vežice za električno provodljivi sastavak, u šupljinu kalupa se postavljaju dodatna tela od električno provoaljivih materijala, čija je debljina veča od debljine ofstojnika. Kod izrade vežica kako za električno izolacioni, zako i za električno provodljivi lepljeni sastavak, postavlja se na površinu šupljine otvorenog kalupa jedan ili više slojeva tkanih ili netkanih, tekstilnih ili staklenih vlakana a na njega sloj lepka koji se stvrdnjava na vazduhu a zatim se metalno telo vežice utiskuje pod pritiskom u ovaj sloj sve do na leganja na odstojnik, posle čega se pušta da se lepak pod pritiskom stvrdne, posle čega se vežica pripremljena za ugradivanje vadi iz kalupa.The invention relates to a method for making connecting pins for electrically insulating or electrically conductive adhesive assemblies on rails, in which spacers, spacers of insulating material whose thickness corresponds to the thickness of the layer are placed in the mold cavity corresponding to the chamber profile on the rails for accommodating the pin. the adhesive made on the metal body of the garter. In the case, a glue for air curing was inserted into the mold cavity. In the case of an electrically conductive assembly binder, additional bodies of electrically conductive materials whose thickness is greater than the thickness of the spacer are placed in the mold cavity. In the manufacture of bindings, one or more layers of woven or non-woven, textile or glass fibers are placed on the surface of the open mold cavity for both the electrically insulating and the electrically conductive bonded composition, followed by a layer of air-curing adhesive and then a metal body The press is pressurized into this layer until it rests on the spacer, after which the pressure glue is allowed to harden, after which the clip prepared for installation is removed from the mold.

Pronalaskom se postiže da se vežica samo na jedno j strani obloži slojem ojačanog lepka u dovoljnoj meri, kao i da lepak u dovoljnoj meri impregnira materij al ojačanja. Postiže se ravnomerna raspodela lepka, a u slučaju izrade vežice za elektri čno provodljivi sastavak, siguran kontakt izmedu tela vežice i provodljivog tela.The invention makes it possible for the brace to be sufficiently coated on one side only, and that the adhesive sufficiently impregnates the reinforcement material. A uniform distribution of the adhesive is achieved, and in the case of an electrically conductive assembly, secure contact between the body of the adhesive and the conductive body.

Ostala svojstva pronalaska biče detaljnije objašnjena na jednom primeru izvodenja sa pozivom na priloženi crtež, pri čemu :Other features of the invention will be explained in more detail in one embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein:

- slika 1 predstavlja horizontalnu projekciju uredaja za proizvodnju vežice, u koji je postavljena vežica, pri čemu leva polovina slike prikazuje izradu vežice za električno provodljivi sastavak, a desna polovina izradu vežice za električno izolacioni sastavak,- Fig. 1 is a horizontal projection of the apparatus for producing the lining, in which the lining is placed, with the left half of the image showing the making of the lining for the electrically conductive composition and the right half of the construction of the lining for the electrical insulating composition,

- slika 2 prikazuje bočnu projekciju uredaja sa slike 1.- Figure 2 shows the lateral projection of the device of Figure 1.

- slika 3 prikazuje, u uveličanoj razmeri presek uredaja sa slike 1, pri čemu desna polovina slike predstavlja presek duž linije 3-3, a leva polovina slike presek duž linije 3'-3’ sa slike 1,- Figure 3 shows, in magnified scale, the cross-section of the apparatus of Figure 1, wherein the right half of the image is a cross-section along line 3-3 and the left half of the image is a cross-section along line 3'-3 'of Figure 1,

- slika 4 prikazuje uveličani detalj sa slike 3.- Figure 4 shows the magnified detail of Figure 3.

Uredaj za izradu vežice ima jedan duguljasti, pravougaoni kalup 1 od Čelika, sa šupljinom 2, kao i pritisnu ploču 3, koja se pritiskivačem 4 preše, koja nije prikazana, potisku je prema gornjoj površini u šupljinu 2 kalupa umetnute spojne vežice L za šine. Pritisna ploča 3 se može čvrsto pritegnuti pomoču poluga 5 za pritezanje, obrtno uležištenih na stranama kalupa 1, što če biti kasnije objašnjeno.The lanyard making apparatus has one oblong, rectangular mold 1 of Steel, with a cavity 2, as well as a pressure plate 3, which is pressed by the press 4, which is not shown, towards the upper surface in the cavity 2 of the inserted connecting lug L for the rails. The pressure plate 3 can be tightened with the help of the clamping lever 5, pivoted on the sides of the mold 1, which will be explained later.

Šupljina 2 kalupa ima dužinu koja odgovara dužini vežice L, a u preseku profil koji odgovara profilu komore na šini za smeštaj vežice. Kao što prikazuju slike 1, 3 i 4, šuplji na 2 kalupa ima na svom dnu 2', u području krajeva vežica i u području spoljnih od četiri otvora vežice, udubljenja 6, čija če funkcija biti kasnije objašnjena. Prema levoj polovini slike 3, dno 2’ i zid šupljine kalupa načinjeni su od obloge 2 od plastične mase. Sa dna šupljine 2 kalupa pružaju se naviše na mestima otvora 7 vežice L rukavci 8, jednodelno izvedeni sa kalupom 1, odnosno obloge 2, i prodiru u otvore 5 tela vežice, da bi sprečili ulaz lepka u ove otvore prilikom utiskivanja vezi ce L u šupljinu 2 kalupa 1.The cavity 2 of the mold has a length corresponding to the length of the lug L, and in cross section a profile corresponding to the profile of the chamber on the rail to accommodate the lug. As shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4, the hollow 2 mold has 2 'at its bottom, in the region of the ends of the lobes and in the region of the outer openings of the four lobes, recesses 6, whose function will be explained later. According to the left half of Figure 3, the bottom 2 'and the wall of the mold cavity are made of plastic lining 2. From the bottom of the cavity 2 molds extend upwards at the locations of the holes 7 of the lug 8 of the sleeve 8, uniformly made with the mold 1 or the lining 2, and penetrate the openings 5 of the body of the lug, to prevent the adhesive from entering these openings when pressing L into the cavity. 2 molds 1.

Prema desnoj polovini slike 1, kod izrade vežice za električno izoalcioni sastavak, stavljaju se na nagnute zidove šupljine 2 kalupa i na pod 2' šupljine 2 kalupa, bar u bližini krajeva vežice L i u području otvora 7 vežice, nekoliko odstojnika 9 od izolacionog materijala, čija debljina odgovara ostvarenom medusloju lepka. Kod izrade vežice za električno provodljivi sastavak, stavljaju se umesto odstojnika 9 na krajevima vežice L i u području otvora 7 , u prikazanom primeru Celične kuglice 10 u udubljenja 6, čiji je prečnik nešto veči od debijine odstojnika 9. Zatim se neki put, ali uvek u slučaju izrade izolacionog sastavka, unosi u šupljinu 2 kalupa jedan ili više slojeva 11 tkanina od tekstilnih ili staklenih vlakana, a preko toga sloj 12 lepka na bazi sintetičkih smola, koji se toplo vulkanizira ili se vulkanizira na sobnoj temperaturi. Plastična masa obloge 2 birana je tako da posle stvrdnjavanja lepka ne prianja na sloj lepka. U ovako pripremljeni sloj ulaže se telo vežice L a zatim se stavija pritisna ploča 3. Pomoču pritiskivača 4 deluje se na pritisnu ploču 3 dovoljno velikim pritiskom tako da se vežica L utiskuje u taj sloj sve do naleganja na odstojnike 9. O toku postupka utiskivanja ulažu se celične kuglice 10, koje imaju veču tvrdču od materijala vežice, pa su nešto utisnute u vezicu L, kao što je to prikazano na slici 4. Pomoču steznih poluga 5 moguče je pritisnu ploču 3 stegnuti i držati stegnutu za vreme dok se lepak ne stvrdne.According to the right half of FIG. 1, when constructing an electrical insulating composition binder, 2 inclined cavity walls and 2 2 cavity cavity walls are placed on the floor, at least near the ends of the L shell and in the area of the 7 hole holes, several spacers 9 of the insulating material. the thickness of which corresponds to the achieved adhesive interlayer. In the manufacture of an electrically conductive assembly fastener, it is placed instead of the spacer 9 at the ends of the flange L and in the area of the aperture 7, in the example shown, of the Ball 10 in the recesses 6, whose diameter is slightly larger than the thickness of the spacer 9. Then, once in in the case of making an insulating composition, it enters into the cavity 2 of the mold one or more layers 11 of textile or glass fibers, and thereafter a layer 12 of synthetic resin-based adhesive that is hot vulcanized or vulcanized at room temperature. The plastic mass of the lining 2 is selected so that after curing the adhesive does not adhere to the adhesive layer. The body of L is then inserted into the layer thus prepared, and then the pressure plate 3 is put in. With the help of the press 4, the pressure plate 3 is pressed sufficiently high so that the force L is pressed into that layer until it is placed on the spacers. the steel beads 10, which have a greater hardness than the material of the ligament, and are thus somewhat pressed into the lanyard L, as shown in Fig. 4. With the help of clamping levers 5 it is possible to tighten the clamping plate 3 and hold it for a time until the adhesive hardens .

Po stvrdnjavanju lepka vadi se gotova, slojem lepka sa ojačanjem obložena, vežica iz kalupa 1 i zavaruje u kesu od folije, da bi se zaštitila od vlage i prljavštine, i spremna je za transport na mesto ugradnje. Tamo je potrebno sa se samo u komoru na šini za smeštaj vežice nanese jedan sloj pomenutog lepka, koji če, posle stezanja zavrtnjima vežice na šinama, zaje dno sa slojem lepka vežice, ojačanim sa spoljne strane slojem tkanih ili netkanih, tekstilnih ili staklenih vlakana, preči u stvrdnuti slepljeni spoj. Pri torne se, u slučaju električno provodljivog sastavka, čelične kuglice 10, koja se pružaju izvan sloja lepka vežice (slika 4) probijaju kroz sloj lepka na strani šine i utiskuju u materijal komore na šini za smeštaj vežice, cime se uspostavlja električno provodljivi spoj izmedu vežice i šina.After curing, the adhesive is removed, coated with a reinforced adhesive layer, molded from the mold 1 and welded into a foil bag to protect it from moisture and dirt, and ready to be transported to the installation site. It is only necessary to apply a single layer of said glue to the chamber on the rail for housing the glue, which, after tightening the glands with screws on the rails, together with the glue layer of the glue, reinforced externally by a layer of woven or non-woven, textile or glass fibers, crosses into hardened bonded joint. In the case of the electrically conductive assembly, the steel balls 10 extending beyond the adhesive layer of the girder (Figure 4) are penetrated through the glue layer on the rail side and pressed into the chamber material on the rail to accommodate the girder, thereby establishing an electrically conductive connection between the girder. twigs and rails.

-c- . .... .... ,..-c-. .... ...., ..

Kod proizvodnje vežice za izolacioni sastavak ne stavljaju se celične kuglice 10, a preko udubljenja se stavljaju odstojnici od električno izolacionog materijala, kako je to prikazano na desnim polovinama slika 1 i 3.In the manufacture of the insulating compound brackets, no steel balls 10 are inserted and spacers of electrically insulated material are placed over the recesses, as shown in the right halves of Figures 1 and 3.

Pronalazak nije ograničen na prikazani primer izvodenja, ved se može u okvirima opšte ideje pronalaska različito menjati. Tako se može umesto obloge 2, ili pored nje, u šupljinu 2 kalupa 2 postaviti pregradna fclija koja je prekriva, a način j ena je od materijala koji sprečava peianjanje sloja 12 lepka na zidove šupljine 2 kalupa, dok na stvrdnuti sloj 12 lepka samo labavo prianja, pa se po vadenju vežice iz kalupa može lako od njega odvojiti,The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown, but may vary differently within the general idea of the invention. Thus, instead of or adjacent to the lining 2, a partition covering can be placed in the cavity 2 of the mold 2 and the method is made of a material that prevents the adhesive layer 12 from sticking to the walls of the 2 mold cavity, while the cured layer 12 of the adhesive is only loosely it adheres, so it can easily detach from the mold from the mold,

Umesto kugli 10, primenjenih kod prikazanog primera izvodenja, mogu se koristiti i telo drugih oblika, koja kod' stezanja zavrtnjima vežice na šinu prodiru kroz sloj lepka na strani šine i zahvataju materijal šine, čime se postiže električno provodljiva veza.Instead of the balls 10 used in the embodiment shown, a body of other shapes may be used which, by tightening the screws on the rail, penetrates the adhesive layer on the rail side and engages the rail material, thereby achieving an electrically conductive bond.

Dalje se podrazumeva i to, da se sloj lepka kod izrade vežica za električno provodljive sastavke sina može izvesti i bez sloja za ojačanje od tkanog ili netkanog materijala.It is further understood that the adhesive layer for making electrically conductive compositions of sin may also be made without a reinforcement layer of woven or non-woven material.

NAVOD O NAJBOLJEM, PRIJAVIOCU PO ZN ATOM, NAČINU ZA PRIVREDNUSPECIFICATION OF THE BEST, KNOWLEDGE APPLICANT, WAY FOR BUSINESS

UPOTREBU PRIJAVLJENOG PRONALASKAUSING THE RECORDED FINDING

Kod primene postupka prema pronalasku, na telo vežice, koje se izraduje, najbolje od istog materijala od koga i šine, na primer od Čelika Č3107, Č3108, Č3109 ili Č3110 (čelici za železničke šine prema propisima UIC), nanosi sloj lepka, najbolje na bazi epoksi smole. Ojačanje je od tekstilnih ili staklenih vlakana. Obloga kalupa se izraduje od materijala kao što su polietilen, polipropilen, politetrafluoretilen i sl.When applying the method of the invention, a layer of adhesive is preferably applied to the body of the workpiece to be manufactured, preferably of the same material as the rail, for example, Steel Č3107, Č3108, Č3109 or Č3110 (rail for steel rail according to UIC regulations). epoxy resin base. Reinforcement is made of textile or glass fibers. The molding is made of materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like.

Claims

PATENT

REQUEST

A method for the manufacture of connecting pins for electrically insulating or electrically conductive glued assemblies on rails, by which spacers of insulating material are placed in the cavity of one mold corresponding to the chamber profile on the rails for accommodating the pins. a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the adhesive layer formed on the metallic body of the mold, wherein an air-curing metal adhesive is introduced into the mold cavity, characterized in that, in the case of the manufacture of the electrically conductive bonded adhesive composition, an additional electrically conductive body is placed in the mold cavity. materials, the thickness of which is greater than the thickness of the spacers, and then, as in the case of making the binder for the electrically insulating and electrically conductive bonded composition, one or more layers of woven or non-woven, textile or textile layers are placed on the surface of the open mold cavity. glass fibers, and then a layer of glue for metal that hardens in the air, and then the metal body of the pressure gauge is pressed into this layer until it rests on the spacers, and the glue is allowed to harden under pressure, after which the glue is ready. for installation, come out of the mold.