SA517381081B1 - System and Method for Detecting Broken Rails on A Railway Line - Google Patents

Abstract

System and method for detecting broken rails for a railway line, adapted for detecting the breakage by means of electrical discontinuity in at least one rail (R). The system comprises an emitting node (1), a receiving node (2), connection means for generating an electrical circuit between both nodes (1, 2) and the section of rails (R) of up to 7 km between both nodes (1, 2) into which the emitting node (1) injects an alternating electrical signal, a detector (S) associated with each rail (R) for detecting the alternating electrical signal through the corresponding rail (R), and control means that receive the detected signals and determine whether there is electrical discontinuity in the electrical circuit, identifying the broken rail (R). In the event of double-track railway lines, the broken rail (R) is also identified and the break area is estimated. Fig 1.

Description

System and method for detecting broken rails in a railway line

System and Method for Detecting Broken Rails on A Railway Line FULL DESCRIPTION BACKGROUND The present invention relates to systems and methods for detecting broken rails on railway lines “and more specifically to non-internal or Ld systems and methods In the track of non-internal systems, 000-00502810. There are now different techniques for detecting the extent of a broken rail eka of a rail. Some of these technologies are applicable to internal systems; while others are intended for non-internal systems. US Patent No. 112004172216 discloses a non-internal system with ultra-sonic technology. The system includes one Age per rod and the generators emit a corresponding ultrasonic signal. The 0 special receivers are arranged a certain distance from the rails (one for each rail). The rod itself (if broken) is responsible for transmitting the supersound from the receiving point to the receiving point; So that in the event that a receiver does not receive a signal when it is required to do so; The corresponding penile fracture is determined. The advantage of this solution lies in the ability to detect all types of defects, surface damage; 0180616 crack and breakage 5 that can affect the effectiveness and quality of the received signal; However, it has the short range of the signal source (about 2 meters) as a disadvantage; Therefore, the need to integrate a large number of signal repeaters, which makes the whole system more expensive Gd . Another technology used in non-internal systems of this type is fiber optic technology. The most common optical fiber technical solution consists of placing an optical conductor towards each rod. 0 The main advantage lies in the minimum and simplicity of the required infrastructure; But is the weak point

Its own strength in the 50655 mechanical stresses that the bar must endure to break the fibers and to detect the corresponding shortcomings. Another technique used in non-internal systems of this type is conductive coupling. The basic idea of this technique is to use the good electromagnetic conductivity of the rails to close an electrical circuit in which a signal source induced by a coil connected to the rails is used at a specific point on the railway line. A toroidal JS acting as a receiver is placed at a specified distance; To catch the inductions spread by the bars if they are in the right condition. By breaking one of the rods, a signal induced in the receiving loop is lost. The main advantage of this is simplicity and low cost however the loss of the induced signal increases with distance; Where to detect long distances; The technology requires an increase of 0 generator current electromagnetic induction or an increase in the number of emitter coils and receiver loops. On the other hand, the loss of the received signal is indicative of a broken path, but it does not allow to distinguish which of the two rods has been rendered in a non-operational state. Another technology used in non-internal systems of this type is the wave-based flexible technology that uses sonic and ultrasonic Waves 5 emitted from the train itself and propagated along the track where the receivers are placed. The main advantage of this technology is that it does not require additional signal sources; However their use is limited by the extreme damping these signals undergo with frequency and distance; This necessitates placing receivers every few metres. Cais Spain Document No. 2320517a1 for a technology known as 'track Cus (circuit 20) whose function is to detect the presence/absence of a train in a railway line segment using a forced short circuit circuit between rails of the track by means of a wheel-axle-wheel assembly of a 0. Indirectly in the absence of a train, these circuits can detect whether or not there is a break An electrician of bars in the sector under study, having the capacity to break a bar upon detection

about interruption. However; exclusive use of it involves; As a detector of cal breakage, a solution that is larger than usual with costly implementation and maintenance is chosen. General description of the invention One of the objectives of the invention is to provide a system for detecting broken rails on the Makkah railway line; It will also be described below. The system of the invention is adapted to detect broken bars by their electrical discontinuity; including at least one sending node; at least one receiving node »and connections to generate at least one electrical circuit between the two nodes and a section of rails between both nodes« and specifying whether or not 1 0 is an electrical interruption in the said sector; The transmitting node is designed to inject at least one MSI of power specific to the circuit. Including the system also in each node; A detector attached to each rail in the rail segment forming part of the circuit to detect the signal passing through the corresponding rail in response to an injection made from the transmitting node; at least one control that communicates with the detectors to receive the signals detected by said detectors 5 and is designed to determine whether there is a circuit failure based on the received detections; and to determine at least a daly break of the bars that is part of said electric circuit provided there is a break in said electrical circuit (and in particular a break in said bar segment that is part of said electric circuit). A further object of the invention is to provide a method for detecting broken rails of a railway line 0 - having at least one track; It will also be described below. With the pl AY method) at least one electrical circuit is designed between a transmitting node and a receiving node and a segment of busbars between both nodes” and at least one alternating electrical signal of a particular power is injected into the electrical circuit of the transmitting node; Jig Detection of the cascading electrical signal penetrating each rod which ich is part of the circuit in both

Nodes are in response to the cascading electrical signal injected and determine if there is an electrical failure in a busbar that is part of the circuit; in which sector (Jia) is part of said circuit; and therefore whether there is a fracture of the said penis; Depending on the mentioned signals detected.

So; Kad The system and method of the invention of placing the receiving node and the transmitting node at great distances from each other compared to the previous known field solutions; Cus at least one bar parallel signal injection is made of suitable power (Bak) The value of the inductor voltage and current value of said cascade signal are limited to the electrical safety prohibitions of rail systems (maximum induction voltage: 30V ¢ max current value 5A) 0 As (ald) the spaces between

0 The various technical buildings distributed along the railway lines (which are separated from each other by distances between 10 km and 14 km) with a smaller number of devices, provided that the transmitting nodes can be placed in the technical buildings and the receiving nodes can be placed at intermediate points relative to the aforementioned technical buildings (intermediate points that It may range from 5 km to 7 km from technical buildings)», for example. (ig) The number of fixtures required for fracture detection in railway tracks is greatly reduced; with both

5 of the technical and economic advantages involved. Substations shall be included; Transformers (sll) communication tapes; information centers...etc.; in defining a technical structure. Those advantages and features of the invention and others will become clear in light of the drawings and detailed description of the invention. A brief explanation of the drawings

Figure 1 schematically shows an overall structure of a model of the system of the invention. Figure 2 La schematically illustrates two independent circuits Px x designed with the invention system for two-track railway tracks.

Figure 3 schematically shows a Lana circuit of the system f of the invention; The two tracks are connected by a two-track railway. Figure 4 shows the electrical circuit in Figure 3; with a break in each rod and where the coupling impedances between the rods are depicted. Figure 5 schematically shows the electronic structure of the Figure 1 system.

Detailed description: A first aspect of the invention relates to a system for detecting broken rails of a railway line comprising at least one (V) track having two (R) parallel rails which is also preferably adapted for detecting broken rails of a two-track railway As shown schematically

0 and structurally in Fig. 1 eg 0 The system is designed such that the detection of breakage in any (R) rail is based on the detection of an electrical failure provided that the capacity of the same (R) rails is used as conductors of electricity. The Load system of the invention is a non-internal system, that is, it is installed on the track or in the surrounding space; A train or dad vehicle on the tracks is not part of said system. The system includes one emitting node 1 on JY and one receiving node 2 on

The least 5 are arranged at a specified separation distance from the transmitting node 1; and means of connection to generate at least one electrical circuit identified between nodes 1 and 2 and the (R) section of rails of the railway line between nodes 1 and 2. The connections allow the electrical connection of nodes 1 and 2; respectively; with different rails oR) so that a circuit can be generated between nodes 1 and 2 and a segment of the rails (R) between nodes 1 and 2; This enables detection of the extent of a rod fracture

0 (©) in said (R) section of rails on the basis of whether the designed circuit is closed (there is no electrical break (sb) in the (R) section of rails that are part of the circuit electrical circuit is open or there is at least one electrical failure in one of the bus segments » that are part of the electrical circuit.

(For clarity, generation is depicted with reference to A in the illustrations); Determine if there is a break in one of the rails (R) that is part of the corresponding circuit based on said injected signal. The injected signal has special electrical properties and the length of the bars segment (R) that can be detected depends on those mentioned properties. The injection of an alternating electrical signal should be interpreted as the generation of an alternating voltage (excitation voltage) that is applied to a circuit to provide a specified current. The system includes in each of nodes 1 and 2 a detector (5) connected to each rod (4a)”; in the busbar sector (R) that is part of the circuit (see Figures 2 and 3); to detect the penetrating signal of the corresponding rod (4a) as Jad's response to the injection performed by sending node 1; at least controls that communicate with the detectors (5) to receive the signals detected 0 by the detectors (5) and are designed to determine the presence of circuit failures on the basis of said signals; and to determine the breakage of at least one of the rails (slag) (R) a rail (R) which is part of said circuit; in the segment of rails R is Aull given that there is a power outage in said circuit. The characteristics of the isoelectric signal are The injected and circuit impedances are known so that 5 the characteristics of the signals to be detected by the detectors (5) can be predicted in response to the injected DC signal, so the controllers can determine how well the received signals correspond to the expected signals or not, which enables Kab to determine how The presence of a break in the mentioned sector of the rails (6). ) used; 0 controls are thus designed to determine which bus (R) the electrical discontinuity has occurred on the basis of received signals. 1 and 2 by rail” and inject a special frequency signal into said circuit By placing the transmitting node 1 and the receiving node 2 at greater distances from each other

Some of the well-known previous field techniques »provided that the electrical signal is able to cover greater distances. There are electrical taboos connected to the railways where the electrical signal AC must also comply with (maximum excitation voltage of 30V, max current of 5A). Taking these parameters in lie) it is possible to design an analogue electrical signal that; when injected by sending node 1; It is properly received at the receiving node 2 and at the sending node 1 itself after it penetrates the receiving node 2; at a level that depends on whether or not there is a fracture of the (R) rod; The separation between nodes 1 and 2 has the potential to reach 10 km as a result of the system of the invention. (Lal) It should be considered that the analyzed segment of the railroad excited by the injected signal includes the distance between its two adjacent receiving nodes (Fig. 1); so that it can reach

0 rail line distance 5380 by one and the same transmitting node 1 to 20 km (10 km each side of the transmitting node). to calculate the distance which can be covered by the AC signal; The properties of the PV signal itself and the properties of the shorted circuit (impedance, for example) must be considered; But such a detailed account is not provided with the recognition that on the basis of these premises a person skilled in the art will be able to know the limits of the generated electrical signal. That allows

5 The system of the invention by placing the transmitting nodes 1 in the technical buildings along the railway lines and placing the receiving nodes 2 at an intermediate point between the two technical buildings (between the two transmitting nodes 1); So that there is a separation distance between 5 km and 9 km between nodes 1 and 2. Substations shall be included; autotransformers; contact tapes; Switching centers or installations located along railway lines that are separated from each other by about 10 km and 14 km are generally defined in a technical building.

0 The system includes Lala control means 11 and 21 in each node 1 and 2 which receive the signals detected by the 5 special detectors (control means 11 receive the signals from the 5 detectors of the transmitting node 1 and the control means 21 receive the signals from the 5 detectors of the receiving node 2); and a communication data line 3 through which both controllers 11 and 21 communicate with each other. Communication line 3 preferably corresponds to the line on the railway tracks; no

5 Adding an additional communication line is necessary (it can be added if there is no such line). And he has

The communication line 3 is an Ethernet line, for example; although it can be of the AT type, it is preferable to design the control means 016805 control 21 at the receiving node 2 to send the signals you receive to the control means 11 at the transmitting node 1 The said controls 11 are designed to determine the presence of a circuit failure on the basis of those signals received from the receiving node 2 through the communication line 3, the signals received from the receiving node 2 through the communication line 3, and the signals received from the detectors. (S) of transmitting node 1 itself where the said controls 11 are those which determine whether or not the (R) rod is broken; where appropriate which (R) rod is Hue reciprocating; may Devices 0 controllers 21 of receiving node 2 are the ones responsible for performing the determinations; transmitting node 1 transmits received signals to receiving node 2 through communication line 3. Therefore only one of controllers 11 and 21 must have computing capabilities to determine whether a rod is (R) Fractured or not Design of different circuits between transmitting node 1; Receive node 2 and sector 5 of the rails (R) between both nodes 1 and 2. To this end the means of communication includes a first module 0 in transmitting node 1 by which said transmitting node 1 may be electrically connected in many ways to the rails ( ) of a railway line; and a second module 200 with receiver node 2 through which said receiver node 2 can be electrically connected in many ways to the rails (R) of a railway line. Each 100 and 200 module includes at least one controllable switch (not pictured) per +A rod; and whereby both nodes 1 and 2 can therefore communicate electrically with all rails (4a) of the railway line; ping The connection of each of the control means 11 and 21 to the corresponding extension unit 100 and 200 and their formation to control the opening and closing of the mentioned switches to form the various electrical circuits between nodes 1 and 2 and the rails segment (R) between both nodes 1 and 2. Thus, the controllers 11 and 21 are configured to control the switches of modules 110 and 200; respectively;

symmetrically; So that they cooperate with each other to form the required electrical circuit between both nodes 1 and 2 and the bus segment (R) between nodes 1 and 2. The first module 100 is adapted to connect transmitting node 1 to the two receiving nodes 2; one side JS (one on the right side and one on the left side bha as Figure 1; for example); The second module 200 is adapted to connect receiving node 2 to the two transmitting nodes 1;

one on each side (one on the right side and one on the left side with it); Whereas controllers 11 of transmitting node 1 and controllers 21 of both receiving nodes 2 are configured to control modules 100 and 200 coherently. This allows multiplexing of the evaluated sector of the rail (R) rails with one and the same transmitting node 1; With the advantages that it entails

0 cost, installation and maintenance; For example. Control means 11 and 21 allow a circuit to be formed between transmitting node 1; Receiving node 2 and rail segment (R) between both nodes 1 and 2 with a track (V) of a railway line. Thus, two independent electrical circuits can be formed for the case of a two-track railway line, one for each track / A; As, for example, in Figure 2. For the case of a two-way railway line,

5 Formation of the sending node 1 so that it is preferable to inject a first signal into the electrical circuit of one of the paths (V) and then inject another signal into the electrical circuit of the other path /. For the case of a two-track railway; Controllers 11 and 21 and modules 0 and 200 are aligned and configured to be capable of forming another circuit including both paths (V) between transmitting node 1; and receiver node 2 and rail segment (4a) of both paths (V) which is between

0 nodes 1 and 2; The circuit between the four rails R (section) forms the rail which is thus formed as Figure 3. In this case; The sending node will inject 1 alternating electrical signal into both rails (R) in the same single path (/1); The circuit through receiver node 2 and the rails (R) of the other path (V) are closed. in the said circuit; The transmitting node 1 is connected to both tracks (V) of the railway line and at the receiving node 2 the circuit is made

The electronegativity of the four bars, R, is short. This new configuration allows the controls 11 to be able to identify the broken rod (R) and estimate the fracture area of said rod (). Referring now to Figure 3; The system may include in the transmitting node 1 the first signal bus 17 serving as a node to separate the PS into two (one for each of the oR bars so that the generation of one PM is sufficient for the circuit. To close the corresponding circuit, the system includes a Lad bus The second signal 18 unites the two signals coming from the two rails of the other path 1/ (the second path 1/). The detectors (5) of the transmitting node 1 are arranged between the rails R and the signal rods 18517 in the receiving node 2. The system in turn includes Two signal rods 27 5 28 The first signal rod 0 217 unites the two signals coming from the two (R) rails of the first track o(V) and the second signal rod 28 separates the alternating electrical signal it receives from the first signal rod 27 into two, one for each rod. (R) on the second track L(V) as on transmitting node 1; in receiving node 2 the detectors (5) are arranged between rails (R) and signal rails 27 and 28. detector (5) detects an electrical signal AC connected to its corresponding busbar (R) in response to the injected AC electrical signal 5. It is preferable that the detector (5) include resistors A sensory m to detect the current passing through said rod (R) at that point; Although a different reagent can be used (5). So and on the basis of the relative differences (of one of the 5 detectors relative to the others) between current (or voltage levels; for example); Indicative of one or more faults in the analyzed circuit At least one broken rod (R) can be detected in segment 0 of the path / analyzed (the segment that is part of said circuit). The transmitting node 1 of the AC signal generation is modulated on the basis of a digital carrier signal which is modulated by a specific symbol. The frequency of the carrier signal is chosen so that its bandwidth is not specified by the network frequency (50 Hz) and its main harmonics; So a frequency of at least 500 Hz is chosen. On the other hand, the security systems now used in railways use signals that have frequency

— 2 1 — above 1 kHz; Bearing in mind that the damping of an outgoing signal increases with frequency; The selected frequency is less than 1 kHz. The bandwidth of the modulated digital signal is thus encapsulated at the specified rate between 500 Hz and 1 kHz” dually between about 700 Hz and about 0 Hz (resulting in a digital carrier frequency of about 800 Hz).

The coding used contributes to the detection of signals that are highly immunogenic to ambient noise. The modulation allows the user to focus the signal energy into the required bail width. ¢ (1023-bit Kasami code) embedding (BPSK) is preferred but AT type of embedding and encoding can be used. The transmitting node includes 1 digital-to-analog converter (DAC) digital-to-analog converter

0 to convert said modulated digital signal into a modulated analog signal (all) which may or may not be integrated by control means 11) and amplifier 19 to amplify said modulated electrical signal. Where said amplified signal is the injected PS. Therefore, as a result of the system of the invention, an analogue electrical signal can be injected with the characteristics by means of which at least the following advantages are obtained:

5- It is possible to analyze (R) electrical discontinuity of rails in railway line segments with a large distance between the transmitting node 1 and the receiving node 2 compared to the distance allowed by the previous field systems. Signals with high electronegativity to ambient noise are detected. The signals from each transmitting node 1 can be distinguished so that each receiving node 2 is interpreted from any

0 Source (from any contiguous transmitting node 1) Lan The detected signal. The system includes at each node 1 and at least 2 an analog-to-digital (ADC) converter to convert the DC signal detected by the corresponding detectors

corresponding detectors (5) to digital; Whereas, controls 11 and 21 are connected to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to receive the signals that have been converted to digital

— 3 1 — mentioned and processed. to treat them; Controls 11 and 21 demodulate the detected signals they receive from the corresponding detectors (5), de-encode them, and associate with the known data type used to generate the same isoelectric signal to be injected. The controllers 21 send the processed signals to the corresponding transmitting node 1 through communication line 3 (in accordance with the corresponding Ethernet protocol, etc.).

The controls 11 analyze the signals received from the receiving node 2 and the signals processed by the transmitting node itself 1 and determine whether or not there is a fracture (and whether there should be; which bars are broken and the estimated fracture area). mutually The controls 21 may not process the signals received from the detectors 5 (or at least ga from the processing steps); Where in that case might

0 send said signals to the corresponding transmitting node 1 so that that transmitting node 1 is responsible for processing them (or completing the missing steps). To achieve galvanic isolation between the railway line and the electronic components of nodes 1 and 2 which will protect said electronic components from disturbance of electromagnetic energy pulses on the track(s) 1/ of the railway line; The system also includes:

5 - transformer 11 between amplifier 19 and each R-bar by which the electrical signal can be injected into transmitting node 1; allowing galvanically isolating the electrical components of transmitter node 1 responsible for generating the signal to be injected into the circuit of which the railroad is a part terminator and a pale - gan non-graphic coupling Jad transformer ( for each detector 5; to connect to each detector 5 with rail (Rll) making the current sensing resistor (or equivalent element) isolated

0 galvanically for the aforementioned rod ». On the AY side) the palindrome signal detected with each rod (R) is filtered (by non-graphic bandpass f filters) both by transmitting node 1 and transmitting node 2 to eliminate frequencies outside the bandwidth of interest . The passband of the filter is held to the bandwidth of the signal to be injected dually between about 700 Hz and about

900 Hz as mentioned above. The filtered signals are delivered at an analog-to-digital (ADC) converter. The control means can be 11 and 21 microprocessors; a microcontroller; A personal computer «Field-programmable gate matrix special card

(FPGA) gate array 5 or any other compute-capable device to perform the required operations

and mentioned. A second aspect relates to the invention of the CRASH method of a broken rail of a railroad track; The (R) breakage of the rails is detected by their electrical non-contact. The method is adapted for application to a system such as that mentioned in part one of the invention.

0 in the method; At least one circuit is formed between transmitting node 1; send node 2; and segment bars () between both Gaba) 1 25” and at least an AC signal of particular power is injected into the circuit from transmitting node 1 and the AC signal passing through each bar lly (R) is part of the circuit which is detected by both nodes 1 and 2 in response to the isoelectric signal that was injected and the extent of the outage is determined

5 electrode in a rod ( ) that is part of the circuit; Hence the extent of said penile fracture (oR) based on said signs detected. ling The method is adapted for application when no railway equipment passes along the rail segment (R) to be analyzed (or preferably also in close proximity to prevent sources of interference from said railway equipment). It is preferable that the signal be injected during a specified time; which may be 1 minute; For example; And done

0 Detect the electrical signal through the bars (R) of the corresponding detectors (5) during said interval. Nodes 1 and 2 are synchronized such that receiving node 2 performs the functions for which it is responsible (detecting and transmitting signals through communication line 3) provided that transmitting node 1 injects the corresponding PA signal(s); said receiving node 2 is off as long as transmitting node 1 does not inject any signal (transmitting node 1 Load is idle at that position);

— 5 1 — which reduces energy consumption. Sag Perform synchronization in various ways for example sending node 1 can be programmed to operate in a cycle and on activation cause node 1 to be activated to receive 2 (Sag) Program both nodes 1 and 2 and synchronize them Or a remote controller can be responsible for activating both nodes 1 and 2.

The detected signals reach the corresponding controls 11 and 21 (the filtered and digital as described in the first side of the invention); The aforementioned controls 11 and 21 Judy process the signals as mentioned in the first side of the invention” for example. The correlation of signals received by controls 11 and 21 is performed during processing taking into account the data types used to encode the injected PM. lng sends the obtained link results

0 on it at the means of control 21 of the receiving node 2 through the communication line 3 to the means of control 11 of the transmitting node 1 for joint analysis (analysis of signals processed by means of control 21 and signals processed by means of actual control 11). The analysis allows determining whether or not there is an electrical failure in the electrical circuit; Hence the extent of the presence of ju in the rod of ¢(R) as Wad is shown in the first side of the invention. labs controllers 21 may not process the signals received from the detectors (5) (or

5 may not perform gia on J (processing steps); In those cases they will send said signals to the corresponding sending node 1 so that that sending node 1 is responsible for processing them (or completing the missing steps). In the case of a single-track railway (V) the method applies a detection process from one excitation (independent excitation). in operation; An electrical circuit is formed between transmitting node 1; and receiver node 2

0 and the rail segment (R) between both nodes 1 and 2 of said track (V) of the railway line; The AC signal is injected into the circuit; The electrical signal passes through each of the bars (R) in the aforementioned sector of the bars (R), which is part of the electrical circuit mentioned and is detected in each node 251, and the detected signals are processed by means of control 11 and 21, and the extent of the presence of an electrical failure was determined with a rod ((R) and thus the extent of a break based on the signals

5 mentioned electrophoresis detected.

With a two-way rail the independent excitation process is implemented in both tracks 1 (see Fig. 2). Thus, ju can be detected with a rod (R) in both lanes (V) with the same test. and if at least one (R) rod fracture is determined in at least one of the two (V) tracks (in loans sectors respectively) as a result of both independent excitation processes; An additional detection process (co-excitation; see Fig. 3) is applied in such a way that both paths (V) are co-excited (in the segments of the two paths already evaluated previously with their own independent excitations). in the additional detection process (co-excitation process); An electrical circuit is formed between transmitting node 1; receiving node 2 and rail segment (R) of both paths (/) between nodes 1 0 and 2 (see Fig. 3); wherein transmitting node 1 of said circuit with both paths (V) and four bars being short circuited is connected to receiving node 2 and an IC signal is injected into the circuit; The electrical signal passing through each of the bars (R) that is part of the circuit is detected in each node 1 and 2 and in each path (/); The detected signals are processed. Simultaneous analysis of all detected signals (8 in total 5 aff signals recorded by means of control 21 at receiving node 2 and four signals recorded by means of control 11 at transmitting node 1) allows identification of the broken “A” (inner or outer rod per path (V) and estimate the approximate fracture area (area near transmitting node 1 near receiving node 2 or intermediate area, for example) given the coupling impedances (ZIT) between the bars (R) of one of the paths (V) which is the same as 0 and the coupling impedances (Zrmi) between the two abutting rods (R) in the two paths ((V) shown for example using dashed lines in Fig. 4 (where the break in each rod ¢(R) is also shown and not AC signals are canceled through the entire circuit even during a (R) bus power outage (break). Detected in affected nodes 1 and 2. Based on these 5 amplitude changes, the controllers 11 are able to identify the broken rod (8) and offer t space

— 1 7 —

approximate fraction. to analyze signals by means of controls 11; A lookup table or equivalent insert can be applied

NAT signal amplitude JG ' ll Signal data with fraction areas; For example the illustrations provided for the first aspect of the invention Lad relate to signal generation; detection of signals in bars; Detected signal processing and control selections 11 and 21 Wad

Valid for the second side of the invention.

Claims (1)

Protection Elements 1- A system for detecting broken rails in a railway line that includes at least one track. It is adapted to detect (R) broken rails by detecting a special electrical outage (lg) and is characterized by the fact that the system includes a dispatched node. at least one (1); and at least one receiving node (2) and connections to form at least one electrical circuit between nodes (1; 2) and the (R) section of rails between both nodes. nodes (1; 2); Determining whether or not there is an electrical outage in the aforementioned sector; alg Configure an emitting node (1) to inject at least one power-specific IC signal into the electrical circuit; The system includes “La” in each of the two nodes (1; 2)” a detector (5) connected to each rail (R) in the glad rails section of (R) rails 0 which forms part of the circuit; To detect the signal passing the (R) corresponding rail in response to an injection made from the emitting node 56 (1)” and at least one control means (11;21) that communicate with the detectors (5) To receive the signals detected by the mentioned detectors (5) and designed to determine the presence of electrical failure in the electrical circuit 5 on the basis of whether or not the signals received from the detectors (5) are; And to determine the breakage of at least one of the (R) rails that is part of the said electrical circuit in the said sector, provided that there is an electrical failure in the said electrical circuit. 0 2 - System Gig for claim 1; Including special control means (¢11 21) in each node (¢1 2) which receives the signals detected by the detectors (S) in the corresponding node (1; 2) Baha and a communication line data communication “lly line (3) through which control means (11) communicate with the emitting node (1) and control means (21) with the receiving node 25 0008 (2) which are part of a single electrical circuit and are themselves together — 9 1 — some” and at least one of the mentioned control means (11 < 21) is configured to transmit the signals detected by the detectors (5) corresponding to the control means (¢11 21) to the other node (1; 2) through communication line (3); control means (11« 21) receiving signals through communication line (3) are configured to determine The extent to which there is an electrical outage in the corresponding electrical circuit based on the signals mentioned and on the signals detected by the detectors (5) of its node (1<2). 3. System By for either claim 1 or 2; Where each SS detector includes (5) detector 10. From the emitting node (1) and the receiving node (2) a sensing resistor; the system includes a Lad in each detector (5) an uncoupling element to connect each detector (5) to the rod “(R) corresponding rail, a bandpass filter, and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). 5 4- System Gg for protection element 1, where the emitting node (1) is designed ) to generate the electrical modulated signal to be injected from a carrier signal that is modulated by a special code and special modulation and includes an analog-to-digital converter (DAC) to convert said modulated digital signal into a modulated analog signal” and an amplifier (19) To amplify the said implicit Mn signal by the required power, where said amplified signal 0 is the injected Mn signal. 5- System Gg of protection 1, where the emitting node (1) includes a transformer transformer (11) between the amplifier (19) and each (R) rail on which the alternatin can be injected g electrical signal can be injected 6- A method for detecting broken rails in a railway having at least one track” and characterized in that at least one electrical circuit is formed between transmitting nodes (1); send node (2); and the (R) section of rails between both nodes (1”2)” and at least one AC signal of special power is injected into electrical circuit 5 of the emitting node (1(¢) and is The electrical signal passing through each (R) rail which is part of the electrical circuit JS is detected by the two nodes (1;2) in response to the injected harmonic signal The extent to which the (R) rail which is part of the electrical circuit is broken and therefore the said rail (((R) 0) is broken is determined on the basis of said detected signals. 7- A method according to claim 6, where the signals detected by one of the nodes (1, 2) are sent as Jad response to the injection of the corresponding electrical circuit into the corresponding electrical circuit to the other node (1; 2) through Communication line (3) and determining the extent to which there is an electrical outage 5 in the electrical circuit mentioned in node (1; 2) that receives the signals Through the communication line (3) and on the signals detected through the bars (R) associated with each said node (1 2). 8- Method Gg of claim 6; Cus a detection operation is performed with at least one track 0 (/) of a rail line in which an electrical circuit is formed between the emitting node (1); Receiving node (2) and section of (R) rails between both nodes (1<2) of the mentioned path (V) of the railway line. The electrical signal is injected into One of the rails (6) that is part of said electrical circuit; the electrical signal passing through each of the 5 Jid G(R) rails is detected that is part of said electrical circuit per node (1 < 2)”; And on the basis of the said electrical signals reported by CRASH; Existence is determined Electrical breakage in the (R) rail which is part of the electrical circuit » hence the extent to which said rail breakage is present ((R) based on said signals detected. 9- Method Bd of claim 8; Where a detection process is carried out for each (V) track of a two-track railway; Both processes are independent of each other; If the RASH is broken by a rod (8 a) (sb) of the two tracks (/1), an additional detection process is performed by which an electrical circuit is formed between the emitting node (1). ); the receiving node (2) and the (+A) rails sector of both (V) tracks that are 0 between nodes (1<2) evaluated by the independent detection process; The emitting node (1) is connected to the said electrical circuit with both tracks (V) and (R) rails with an electrical circuit are short in the receiving node node (2) and an alternating electrical signal is injected into the electrical circuit » and the electrical signal passing through each of the G(R) rails is detected 5 as part of the electrical circuit in each node (1 < 2); (eg) On the basis of the aforementioned detected signals, the (R) rail on which an electrical failure occurs is determined. alg. Estimation of the fracture area of the aforementioned rail A(R) 0- Method bg for an element Protection 7 Whereas the electrical signal to be injected is generated on the basis of 0 carrier signal modulated by a specified code and embedding Aig ald converts the modulated digital signal to a modulated analog signal; Sig amplifies said modulated analog signal; said amplified signal is the electrical signal 1. The method of claim 10, wherein the bandwidth of the carrier signal with a frequency rate of 5 is specified as between 500 Hz and 1 kHz. >. Y 1 Y 3 PARR ا ا ا ا ا ل ا ا ا ا ا ا ل ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا л ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ڪ ڪ ڪ ڪ ڪ ڪ ا ڪ ڪ ڪ ڪ ڪ ڪ hi hi, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah I ST. 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