RU48579U1 - WAY GAS SAND WELL SEPARATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the oil industry and is intended to separate a gas-liquid mixture containing mechanical impurities. The purpose of creating a utility model is to increase the efficiency of the separator while simultaneously separating gas and sand under conditions of increased gas-liquid mixture consumption and high foaminess of the separated fluid in a wide range of well production. The essence of the utility model: the device consists of a receiving cylindrical nozzle with a detachable perforated gas pipe aligned coaxially inside it, in the lower part of which a nozzle with an adjusting screw is coaxially mounted inside it, and the upper part of the split gas pipe is fixed in a divider with radial channels for gas exit into the annulus, while the lower end of the upper part of the detachable gas tube is made in the form of a bell having a narrowing of the internal channel and a mixing chamber, and the nozzle p has the possibility of axial displacement, while allowing to adjust the passage area of the annular inlet exhaust gas depending on the GOR. 4

Description

The utility model relates to the oil industry, and in particular to devices for separating a gas-liquid mixture containing mechanical impurities, and can be used to protect deep sucker rod pumps from the harmful effects of gas, foam and sand.

A well-known gas-sand separator (RF patent No. 8409, class ЕВВ 43/38, published on November 16, 1998) containing a housing, a sludge trap, a gas pre-separation unit with inlet openings in the housing and intake cups, while a gravitational chamber is installed in the housing gas separation with a fixed screw installed on a perforated pipe. The disadvantage of this design is that with the passage of fluid flow

large hydraulic resistances are formed due to the fact that the design includes four nodes of the “pipe in pipe” type, and as a result of this, the productive time of the piston of the deep-well pump rod decreases when the liquid rises.

A device is known for separating sand and gas from oil in a well (RF patent No. 20046574, class EV 43/38 of January 30, 1994) containing a nozzle with radial holes in the bottom, a lifting pipe concentrically located in it under the pump, which is located in the pipe and forms an annular cavity with it. In the upper part of the pipe there is a coupling with channels communicating the annular cavity with the external environment. The pipe is rigidly connected to the lifting pipe with a sleeve and has a length that provides an oil pressure drop of 1-2.5 MPA, and the channels are blocked by check valves, while the radial holes of the pipe are made at a distance of 1 / 10-1 / 12 of the pipe length from the sleeve and the lifting pipe with the lower end is installed at a distance of 1 / 7-1 / 15 of the length of the pipe from its bottom.

The disadvantage of this device is that the exhaust channels have a constant cross-section and are not regulated depending on the gas factor, there is no filter at the mixture inlet from the annulus, and the precipitation of solids from the flow occurs only due to gravitational force. The probability is high when sand is removed from the formation, it accumulates on the bottom of the pipe, with subsequent contact with the pump. In addition, with increased dynamic fluid levels in the well, a slight degassing of the mixture occurs, the check valves do not work, which leads to intensive gas evolution in the pump intake during the upward stroke of the plunger.

Also known is a downhole gas-sand separator (RF patent No. 2159329, class EV 43/38 dated November 20, 2000) comprising a housing with inlet openings and gas outlet channels in the upper part, and with a container in the lower part.

Concentric in the housing there is a receiving pipe, in the lower part of which a receiving funnel is placed, and the filtering element is made in the form of a helical winding of a steel wire forming helical grooves with a clearance between turns of 0.3-0.4 mm.

The disadvantage of this device is that the sand settled in the container by the fluid stream can be carried into the receiving pipe and then into the stream of already cleaned liquid. In addition, the exhaust gas cross sections have a constant cross section and are not adjustable depending on the magnitude of the gas factor. This simplified product, in principle, cannot fulfill its purpose, since the upward and downward fluid flows at any performance of the currently used sucker rod pumps, as well as well designs, especially with heavy and viscous oils, do not allow the separation and separation of gas and sand contained in the extracted fluid due to gravitational forces.

Also known is a gas sand separator (RF patent No. 2212533, class ЕВВ 43/38 dated 09/20/2003), consisting of concentrically located outer, two intermediate and inner pipes, and a screw. The device is equipped with tangential nozzles for twisting the incoming reservoir fluid. An annular plug is installed between the intermediate pipes connected by nozzles for passing the liquid purified from gas and solids. The inner intermediate pipe has plugs at the top and bottom. The screw is made in the form of a filter mesh and is mounted on an inner pipe having slotted tangential openings located at an angle in the direction opposite to the movement of the liquid to remove gas into the annulus.

The disadvantage of this device is that under the action of centrifugal forces only mechanical impurities are unwound, and the gas rises without giving it additional acceleration, when

this passage sections of the exhaust channels are not regulated depending on the gas factor. With multiple changes in the direction of flow, additional hydraulic resistances arise, which adversely affects the fill factor of the pump. In addition, the auger made of wire mesh increases the degassing of oil, but does not contribute to the intensive entry of released gas into the slits of the inner pipe.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result of the proposed utility model is a sand-gas separator for a borehole sucker-rod pump (RF patent No. 8731, class E21B 43/38, 1998), comprising a housing with a passage channel, inside which there is a screw, representing a spring with a constant step of the coil, for the passage of the gas-liquid mixture down. The gas outlet channel of the gas outlet pipe with the screw placed on it in the form of a spring mounted on its surface has radial channels and a check valve installed in the upper part for the release of separated gas, located inside the housing.

The disadvantage of a sand-gas separator for a downhole sucker-rod pump is the absence of a filter at the inlet, as well as the small inter-turn distance in the screw (spiral), and the insufficient downward angle of inclination of the turns leads to an increase in hydraulic resistance, accelerated clogging of the separator working cavity. The structural design of the sand-gas separator assembly in its lower part, due to the swirling and turbulence of the stream containing sand separated in the chamber when it enters the anthropoid channel and subsequent exit to the working channel, entrains small fractions (0.01-0.3 mm) sand, which together with the liquid enters the sucker rod pump, which leads to a decrease

performance created by pressure head and premature failure.

The purpose of creating the proposed utility model is to increase the efficiency of the separator while separating gas and sand under conditions of increased gas-liquid mixture flow rates with high foaminess of the separated fluid in a wide range of well flow rates.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the gas sand well separator contains a receiving cylindrical pipe with a detachable perforated gas pipe arranged coaxially inside it, having tangential slots, a nozzle with an adjusting screw coaxially installed along its entire length and the upper part of the gas pipe fixed to a divider having radial channels for the exit of gas into the annulus. Due to the fact that the lower end of the upper part of the gas tube is made in the form of a socket having a narrowing of the internal channel and a mixing chamber, and the nozzle due to the adjusting screw has the possibility of axial movement, the design allows you to adjust the area of the annular cross-sections at the inlet to the socket and for gas exit through divider channels and couplings depending on the magnitude of the gas factor.

This goal is also achieved by the fact that the guide elements for separating gas and removing sand into the sand collector are made in the form of spirals with an ascending angle of rise and a descending angle of the slope, respectively. The pipe for the removal of sand, additionally attached to the lower end of the receiving pipe, makes it possible to exclude the lifting of mechanical impurities in the channel of the receiving pipe for lifting the gas-liquid mixture.

The design features of the proposed track gas sand borehole separator allow it to be used with minimal

hydraulic losses associated with multiple changes in the direction of flow, as occurs in the analogue, due to centrifugal forces acting during the separation of heavier sand, liquid and directing it in a spiral with an upward step in the annular channel between the receiving pipe and the exhaust pipe into the tubing pipes (tubing), as well as in the separation of gas, as a lighter element passing through slots in the exhaust pipe, the ejector part and the divider channels.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a traveling gas sand borehole separator;

Figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1;

In Fig.3-view B in Fig.1;

Figure 4 is a view In figure 1.

The gas sand well separator (Fig. 1) consists of a receiving pipe 1 mounted on it outside on its lower half of the spiral 2 at a downward angle and the outside touching the inner surface of the tubing 3, sludge pipe 4 and sand collector 5. In the lower part of the receiving pipe 1 , in order to reduce the rate of upward fluid flow, a number of holes 6 are located under the coils of the spiral.

Inside the receiving pipe 1, a detachable gas pipe 7 is arranged coaxially, consisting of a lower and an upper part, while on the outside of the lower part of the gas detachable pipe 7 there is a spiral 8 at an upward angle and in contact with the inner wall of the receiving pipe 1. on the lower part of the tube 7 along the entire length, at certain distances from the beginning and end, there are longitudinal grooves 9 with a tangential approach for released from the mixture of gas and

the resulting foam, while ensuring maximum gas throughput.

The upper part of the detachable gas tube 7 with its upper end is screwed into a divider 10, mounted in a transition coupling connection. In the body of the divider 10 and additionally in the upper sleeve 11 there are radial openings 12 (Fig. 2), adjustable by fittings depending on the volume of the evolving gas, as well as external channels 13 for the flow of liquid into the pipe 14 of a tubing of a larger diameter, for example, tubing-89, and further into the chamber of the pump intake valve.

Inside the lower part of the detachable gas tube 7, a nozzle 15 (Fig. 3) with an adjusting screw 16 is coaxially placed, having the possibility of axial movement due to twisting it from the lower end. In order to limit the axial movement of the nozzle, at a certain distance from its upper end, limiters 17 (Fig. 4) are installed in the form of two studs arranged mutually perpendicularly, the length of which is more than the diameter of the nozzle. Moreover, in the upper part of the detachable gas tube 7, mounted in the divider 10, in its lower part, there is a bell 18, into which the upper part of the nozzle 15 enters, forming an adjustable annular gap for the passage of gas.

In the body of the tubing 3 of a smaller diameter, for example, tubing-73, longitudinal grooves 19 are cut (Fig. 4), with a tangential inlet, closed by appropriate filters 20, made in the form of radially wound turns of wire, while attached to the upper half of the turns grid.

Between the gas-sand separator and the deep-well sucker rod pump, an intermediate nozzle 14 (Fig. 1) is installed, which is necessary to more fully provide the pump with incoming fluid by reducing the hydraulic resistance and stabilizing the pressure in the intake valve zone during suction, while the volume of the nozzle

14 with its increased diameter should correspond to the volume of the pump cylinder.

The utility model works as follows. The recovered fluid flows upward from the reservoir through the production string and further along the annulus. Having risen to the longitudinal grooves 19 cut in the tubing 3, a gas-saturated fluid stream containing sand and other mechanical impurities, passing through the filter 20, enters the annular space between the inner wall of the tubing 3 and the outer wall of the receiving pipe 1 and moves down. Due to the spiral 2 mounted on the outer surface of the receiving pipe 1 below the longitudinal grooves 19 with filters 20, the flow acquires a rotational movement with increasing speed. In this case, sand and mechanical impurities of increased density due to the influence of centrifugal forces are formed at the inner wall of the tubing 3, and in a spiral 2 having a downward slope angle, "drain" into the sludge outlet 4, and then into the sand collector 5. Moreover, the lower end of the sludge outlet the tube 4 is located in the sand pan 5 outside the zone of influence of the pump (stagnant zone).

To reduce the speed of the upward flow, which could “pick up” sand and solids in the receiving pipe 1, in its lower part, under the last turns of the spiral, are openings 6 through which, bypassing the main end inlet, partial gas and liquid entry occurs due to that in the process of moving the gas-oil liquid down the spiral, its accelerated degassing occurs. With increased viscosity of the extracted fluid, the speed or path of movement in a spiral is increased by increasing the length of the latter, i.e. increase the number of turns.

On the path of the upward gas-oil flow movement, a detachable gas pipe 7 is installed inside the receiving pipe 1 of the gas-sand separator on the outside of which there is a spiral 8, the outer side in contact with the inner wall of the receiving pipe 1, while the length of the detachable gas pipe 7 and spiral 8 are determined by the gas saturation of oil and the volumes of gas released, and the upper end of the spiral 8 does not reach the upper end of the lower part of the detachable tube 7 in order to exclude the outflow of gas rising along spirals through an external channel designed for fluid flow. To ensure maximum gas throughput from the gas and oil flow, in the lower part of the detachable gas pipe 7 at certain distances from its beginning and end, along the perimeter are longitudinal grooves 9 with tangential approaches.

When the gas-oil flow moves upward along the internal spiral 8, due to an increase in speed, a significant difference in the density of oil and gas, intense gas evolution occurs, which through the grooves 9 enters the channel of the detachable gas pipe 7, then into the divider 10, and at elevated pressure, determined by the length of the detachable gas pipe 7, through the holes 12 in the divider 10 and the sleeve 11, goes into the annulus. When gas condensate is lifted along the lower part of the detachable gas tube 7, in the region of the connector, at the entrance to the upper part of the detachable tube, the flow cross-section narrows, making it difficult for liquids to enter, and the gas, as a lighter component, manages to pass into the ejector part, then leaving into the radial the outlet openings 12 of the divider 10 and further into the annulus, and the liquid through the annular gap of the detachable tube is directed upward along the external channel 13.

The total flow area of the holes 12, depending on the volume of gas emitted, is regulated by fittings. Liquid,

having a much higher density than gas, moving along the outer side of the spiral 8, enters the passage channel 13 of the divider 10, and then, through the intermediate pipe 14 of the tubing of a larger diameter (for example, tubing-89) into the chamber of the pump intake valve, while the passage area channels 13 of the divider 10 is not less than the cross-sectional area of the saddle of the receiving valve of the pump.

Thus, the proposed gas sand borehole separator due to the high separation ability allows to increase the operating time of deep-well sucker rod pumps.

Claims (4)

1. Way gas sand borehole separator containing a receiving cylindrical pipe with a through passage channel, coaxially aligned therein partially perforated gas pipe, a spiral and pipe for removing sand, a spiral and a divider with channels for gas removal, characterized in that the gas pipe is made detachable, the lower end of the upper part of the gas tube is conical in the form of a bell, and the inner part of the bell has the form of an ejector into which a nozzle enters, placed coaxially in the lower part of the connector second gas tube and having a possibility of axial movement due to the adjustment screw, allowing to modify the flow cross section for the exit of gas through the upper part of the gas tube depending on the GOR. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral for the removal of sand, placed between the outer surface of the receiving pipe and the inner surface of the tubing, has a constant pitch with a downward slope angle. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral for discharging gas into the divider, located between the outer surface of the lower part of the gas tube and the inner surface of the receiving pipe, has a constant pitch with an ascending angle of elevation. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a smaller diameter pipe is additionally attached to the lower end of the receiving pipe with the possibility of directional sand removal into the sand collector to exclude the possibility of it being lifted into the gas separator by a gas-liquid mixture stream.