RU43977U1 - UNIVERSAL METER FOR TRACTION SUBSTATIONS AND ELECTRIC-MOTION COMPOSITION OF METROPOLITES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the power supply of subways and can be used to measure voltages, currents and other electrical quantities on high-voltage equipment of traction substations and electric rolling stock.

The technical task is to provide the possibility of long-term high-precision measurements of electrical quantities in high-voltage AC and DC circuits at traction substations and electric rolling stock of subways.

A universal meter includes a high-voltage measuring unit, consisting of a microcontroller connected to channels for measuring current, voltage, general measurements, a real-time clock unit, an acceleration sensor along two coordinate axes, a power manager combined with a watchdog timer, an interface unit with a serial communication channel, and decoupling unit, consisting of a power supply and optical communication channels, one of which is connected to transmit information with a recording device, a microcontroller is connected to a recording by the device through the optical channel of the isolation unit or directly through the interface unit with the serial communication channel. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the power supply of subways and can be used to measure voltages, currents and other electrical quantities on high-voltage equipment of traction substations and electric rolling stock.

Known measuring devices (analogues) that are part of the microprocessor protection of the feeders of the DC traction network 3.3 BZ-M1 and TsZAF-3,3 (Grechishnikov V.A., Pupynin V.N. Experience in the development and operation of blocks of microprocessor protection for constant feeders current 3.3 kV. ELECTRO. Electrical engineering, electric power industry, electrical industry, 2004, No. 1).

A large number of devices have been developed to measure voltages, currents, and other electrical quantities on high-voltage equipment, ranging from kilovoltmeters and ammeters to modern digital oscilloscopes.

However, it is either impossible to carry out continuous continuous measurements of the indicated values while simultaneously fixing the measured values with their help, or the measuring and recording complex based on them will be prohibitively cumbersome and expensive.

Closest to the claimed meter is a measuring device that is part of the microprocessor protection device feeders DC traction network 3.3 kV BZ-M1. The measuring device includes a high-voltage measuring unit, consisting of a microcontroller connected to current and voltage measurement channels, a power manager combined with a watchdog timer, and an isolation unit consisting of a power supply and optical communication channels. In the known device, measurement, analog-to-digital conversion and information processing is provided by a high-voltage measuring unit. The processed information is transmitted through optical isolation to the low-voltage node. Optical isolation is combined with a decoupling power supply, consisting of a decoupling transformer. Optical isolation and decoupling power supply make up the isolation block. In the low-voltage node there is a keyboard, a power supply, control units for switching equipment, interfaces with a PC and ASTMU.

The technical task of the proposed utility model is the possibility of long-term high-precision measurements of electrical quantities in high-voltage alternating and direct current circuits at traction substations and electric rolling stock of subways, transferring the values of the measured values to a recording device under a safe low potential, while ensuring resistance to electromagnetic interference of the channel transmitting the values of the measured values and the most universal meter. The technical problem is achieved by the fact that in a universal meter for traction substations and electric rolling stock of subways, including a high-voltage measuring unit, consisting of a microcontroller connected to channels for measuring current and voltage,

a power manager combined with a watchdog timer, and an isolation unit consisting of a power supply unit and optical communication channels, a high-voltage measuring unit equipped with a general measurement channel, additional current and voltage measurement channels, a real-time clock unit, an acceleration sensor along two coordinate axes for measuring accelerations on an electric rolling stock, an interface unit with a serial communication channel, one optical channel of the isolation unit is connected to transmit information with a recording device, the common channel x measurements, the additional channels of measurements of current and voltage, the real time clock unit and the acceleration sensor connected to the microcontroller a direct bond, a microcontroller connected to the recording apparatus via the optical channel interchange unit or directly through the interface unit with a serial communication channel.

The proposed universal meter is designed for long-term high-precision continuous measurement and transmission to the recording device via optocoupler channel:

- current and voltage in any circuit at the traction substations of the subway;

- current and voltage on rolling stock, as well as its speed and acceleration;

- current and voltage in cable jumpers between subway substations and cables between autotransformers;

- potentials of subway rails, as well as to determine the energy consumption at the feeders of the traction network of subways and EPS, and to determine the loss of electricity in the traction network of subways.

The utility model is illustrated in the drawing, where figure 1 shows the functional diagram of a universal meter.

The meter includes a high-voltage measuring unit 1, an isolation unit 2, and an interface unit with a serial communication channel 3. The high-voltage measuring unit 1 consists of a microcontroller 4 connected to current measuring channels 5 and 6, voltage measuring channels 7 and 8, a common measurement channel 9, and a block real-time clock 10, an accelerometer measuring sensor along two coordinate axes 11, and a power manager combined with a watchdog timer 12. Measuring shunts, current sensors can be used as the primary current signal or current transformers. Voltage sensors or voltage transformers can be used as the primary voltage signal source. The channel of general measurements 9 is used to measure any necessary quantities except currents and voltages (for example, ESR speed) 9. To ensure a clear reference of the measured data blocks by time, the real-time clock block 10, which is connected directly to the microcontroller 4. The real-time clock block 10 is also used to start and stop measurements at predetermined points in time of day. The acceleration sensor 11 is used to measure acceleration along two coordinate axes. The internal program of the microcontroller 4 adjusts the operation of the integrated devices accordingly and, tracking certain points in time, transmits the measured information in packets on the serial interface of the microcontroller 4. If there is no need for galvanic connections with the measuring device, then optical channel 13 of the decoupling unit 2 is used for information transfer. recorders can be used, for example, a personal computer or laptop. If the lack of galvanic communication with the measuring device is optional, then the output of block 3 of the interface with the serial communication channel is used.

Since the operation of the universal meter is supposed to be inside the cells of power equipment, it will inevitably be subject to electromagnetic influence from the current-carrying elements of the cell, especially at the moments of switching power equipment. The electromagnetic effect adversely affects the operation of microprocessor technology and can lead to malfunctions and freezes. To minimize the effects of electromagnetic interference on the meter’s operation, in addition to the watchdog timer integrated into the microcontroller 4, a block 12 is added, which is an external watchdog timer combined with a power manager 14 of isolation unit 2. Such a two-stage system allows the microcontroller 4 to restart and resume its operation for several time periods equal to the sampling step.

The power of the universal meter is carried out through the decoupling power supply 14.

Universal meter operates as follows. The measured signals are simultaneously fed to the corresponding measuring channels 5, 6, 7. and 8, where they are converted to the necessary levels for entering the microcontroller 4. The acceleration sensor of external signals 11 is not used. Under the control of the internal program of the microcontroller 4 with a period of time equal to the sampling step, a data packet is formed consisting of data measured over all channels. The readings of a 10-hour real-time unit are attached to each data packet, and the packet thus formed enters the block 3 for interfacing with the serial communication channel and the block 13 of the optical channel. If the absence of galvanic connections with the measuring device is required, then the transmitted information is removed from the output of the optical channel unit 13. If the absence of galvanic connections with the measuring device is not required, then the transmitted information

removed from the output of block 3 pairing with a serial communication channel. Periodically, the microcontroller 4 sends pulses to the watchdog timer 12, resetting it. If, due to the influence of electromagnetic interference, the microcontroller 4 “freezes”, then the watchdog timer 12 resets the entire device and resumes its operation. The power supply for the entire device is provided by the power supply 14. If the supply voltage is not acceptable, the power manager stops the device while maintaining the operating modes in the internal FLASH memory of the microcontroller.

The universality of the proposed utility model allows its use for a wide range of tasks. This is ensured not only by a wide variety of primary signal sources (besides the indicated ones, you can use any other one whose output voltage level is reduced to one of those described), but also by the reprogrammable memory of the microcontroller programs, which can be changed without disassembling from the measurement site, adapting the operation of the device to specific operating conditions or adding new functionalities, as well as a small sampling step, a large oscilloscope time, a large number of measuring channels s, without inertia, the presence of the optical isolation, small size, ability to work in close proximity to the power circuits, ease of installation and removal, the possibility of direct recording of the measured data to a PC, where you can use all the power of modern software-mediated processing oscilloscope results.

Claims (1)

A universal meter for traction substations and electric rolling stock of subways, including a high-voltage measuring unit, consisting of a microcontroller connected to current and voltage measurement channels, a power manager combined with a watchdog timer, and an isolation unit consisting of a power supply and optical communication channels, characterized in that the high-voltage measuring unit is equipped with a channel for general measurements, additional channels for measuring current and voltage, a real-time clock unit, an acceleration sensor rhenium along two coordinate axes for measuring accelerations on electric rolling stock, an interface unit with a serial communication channel, while one optical channel of the isolation unit is connected to transmit information with a recording device, a channel for general measurements, additional channels for measuring current and voltage, a real-time clock unit, and the acceleration sensor is connected to the microcontroller by direct communication, and the microcontroller is connected to the recording device through the optical channel of the isolation unit or directly through the interface unit serial communication channel.