RU37766U1 - GEOGRAPHIC CABLE TELEMETRIC SYSTEM FOR DRILLING DRILLING WELLS - Google Patents

Description

Geosteering cable telemetry system for control

The inventive utility model relates to the field of process control of directional drilling of oil and gas wells.

Various cable telemetry systems are known to be used to control the directional drilling process. As a prototype, a cable telemetric system for controlling well drilling along a given trajectory was adopted. Utility Model Certificate No. 21618, IPC Е21В 47/02, 10.27.2002.

The specified telesystem consists of borehole and surface parts connected by a cable communication line. The downhole part includes a series-connected block of measuring transducers, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter and transmitter, a downhole controller, and a downhole power source. The measuring system of the television system determines the eleven parameters of the components of the Earth's magnetic field (I ,,.,), Vectors

gravity along three axes (C, ..), temperature (G °), cable leakage current

(Tst), mechanical accelerations along the transverse and longitudinal axes Y and Z (, signal of the position sensor (5P). The ground part includes a receiver

a signal connected through an interface device to an information processing and output device, which uses a portable computer, a remote power source connected to a downhole power source and an interface device, a multimeter and a power source.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency when drilling directional and horizontal wells in the case of the development of productive zones, represented by strata of small thickness with a complex stratigraphic structure, that is, in conditions when a priori

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well drilling.

the presented orientation of the productive zone does not really correspond to the actual one. In addition, the accuracy of determining the well trajectory, based only on inclinometric data, is limited due to objective reasons (finite measurement accuracy, large length of wells - and, as a result, error accumulation in calculating the trajectory from the wellhead to the bottom).

The objective of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of solving the problems of controlling the drilling path, especially when drilling horizontal shafts in productive formations, by using, in addition to inclinometric data, identification of the position of the drilling tool relative to the roof and the bottom of the drilled stratum based on information obtained by geophysical methods during drilling .

This result is achieved due to the fact that the geosteering cable telemetry system for controlling well drilling, consisting of the ground part and the downhole part, which, in turn, has a stationary and transportable device, contains, in addition to the inclinometer module, its transported device in series a block of measuring transducers, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter, a transmitter, as well as a controller and a power source, an additional gamma-ray module is included Ms. (GK) containing the 1st and 2nd electronic switches, the GK module controller, the gamma radiation detector, the GK module transceiver, the moving part of the docking station, and the universal input-output of the 1st switch is connected to the 1st input-output docking station, the 1st input with the 1st output of the GC controller, the 2nd output of which is connected to the 1st input of the 2nd switch, the universal input-output of which is connected to the 2nd input of the output of the 1st switch and the input of the receiving GK transmitter, the input of which is connected to the 2nd output of the GK controller, and the controller input and HA with the output of the gamma radiation detector. In stationary downhole

the device contains a lateral logging module (BKS), which contains a measuring current source connected by outputs through a multi-channel current meter to the electrodes, a synchronous detector unit, a drill string, and inputs to a controller, a BCS module transceiver and a 2nd universal docking input-output node, a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter connected to the outputs of the block of synchronous detectors and the BCS controller, the other output of which is connected to the control input of the block of synchronous detectors orov, the first input of which is connected to the output of an analog-to-digital converter, the universal input-output of which is connected to the input of the output of the BCS transceiver, In the ground part, in addition to the transceiver connected via a first interface unit to a computer, a remote power source connected to the system power supply and the first interface unit of the multimeter, there is also additionally provided a switch for the polarity of the remote power supply, the first input of which is connected to the control panel, the second one - with the output of the dist power supply, 3rd - with the output of the 1st interface unit, and the universal input-output is connected to the 1st inputs-outputs of the 1st and 2nd transceivers of the ground part, the 2nd input of the multimeter, the input-output the inclinometer transceiver and the 2nd input of the 2nd switch of the GK module, the 2nd input-output of the transceiver 2 of the ground part is connected through a second interface unit to a computer, while the ground part is connected by a cable line to the transported downhole device, which is through the docking the node is connected to a stationary device.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, in which FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of a geo-navigation cable telemetry system for controlling well drilling (hereinafter referred to as the system), and FIG. 2 is a functional diagram illustrating a side logging method. The system consists of 2 main

parts - ground and borehole, connected by a cable communication line (2-wire). In turn, the downhole part includes stationary and transportable devices. The stationary device includes a side logging module (BKS) 1 with a system of electrodes located on the outer surface of the magnetically transparent casing of the borehole part and included in the layout of the bottom of the drill string (BHA). The transported downhole device includes gamma-ray (GK) 2 and inclinometer 3 modules. Figure 1 shows the central electrodes of AO - AoP, AE - screen electrodes of BKS 1 module, measuring current source 4, multi-channel electrode current meter 5, synchronous block detectors 6, controller BKS 7, multi-channel analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 8, transceiver module BKS 9, docking station 10; 1st electronic switch And, controller module GK 12, gamma radiation detector 13, transceiver module GK 14, 2nd electronic switch 15; measuring transducers 16, analog multiplexer 17, analog-to-digital converter 18, controller 19, power supply 20 and transceiver 21 of the inclinometer module 3. The ground part includes: remote power polarity switch 22, transceiver 23, 1st interface unit 24, computer 25, transceiver 26, 2nd interface unit 27, remote power supply (IDP) 28, multimeter 29, system power supply 30 and control panel 31.

System (figure 1) works as follows. The ground part is connected by a cable line to the transported downhole device, which, in turn, is connected to the stationary device via the docking unit 10. A two-wire cable communication line is connected - permanently, by a common wire (armor) to all well modules, the central core is connected via switches 15, I and the docking unit 10 to the modules GK 2 and BCS 1. The system has two main operating modes, separated by measurement time by means of the inclinometric module (inclinometry mode) and geophysical measurements (geophysics mode). The selection and initiation of the operating modes of the system is carried out by turning on the IDP block 28 and switching the polarity of the remote power supply (relative to the common wire by the switch 22). When positive voltage is applied, the inclinometric module 3 works, switches 15 and 11 disconnect the GK 2 and BKS 1 modules. If the polarity is negative, the inclinometer module is blocked and the GK 2 and BKS 1 are initiated.

The system in inclinometry mode is similar to the prototype. When a serial connection, through the multiplexer 17, of the normalized output signals of the measuring transducers 16 (in accordance with the program of the controller 19) to the input of the ADC 18, where the signals are encoded and transmitted by a serial code to the transceiver 20, which transmits a serial digital signal via a wired communication channel. The ground part receives, with the help of the transceiver 26, a digital code, generates code messages in the interface device 27 and transmits the received information to the computer 25. Power and information transmission is carried out on a common circuit.

If necessary, the measurement of geophysical parameters, manually, using the remote control 31, or at the command of block 25 through block 27, the output is inverted by block 22 from a positive power polarity to a negative one relative to the armor of the cable (common wire). In this case, the inclinometric module 3 is turned off and the power through the block 15 enters the GK module 2. When the power appears, it starts working and registers the natural radioactivity of the rocks in the area of the γ - radiation detector 13. The output signal of block 13 is electric impulses, the parameters of which are related to the measured y rock activity. The pulses from the output of block 13 (in the simplest form of execution - integral y - logging, for example) are calculated

controller 12 and through block 14 through switch 15, a digital code corresponding to y - rock activity will be transmitted to the ground.

The BCS 1 module is connected through the docking unit 10 to the GK 2 module. The BCS 1 module is initiated when the switch 11 is connected to an external cable line by the command of the controller 12 of the GK 2 module (the GK 2 module suspends the process of receiving or transmitting its information). Block 5 provides measurement of electrode currents, blocks 6 and 8 convert and encode measurement information, controller 7 performs preliminary processing and accumulation of information. The transmission of measurement information is carried out by block 9.

The GK module is built on the basis of well-known principles. Geophysics Handbook. In four volumes. Geophysical methods for researching wells. Volume Two Edited by Doctor of Technical Sciences S. G. Komarova, M., Gostoptekhizdat, 1961. The implementation of the BCS module is also based on well-known Lateral logging solutions. Iliysky VM, M., publishing house "Nedra, 1971. The general scheme of the method is presented in figure 2. The method is based on the basic principle of lateral logging - equality About the axial divergence of the current, while the apparent resistivity of the environment g is measured. in the direction / of the electrode, through its potential,., current / „,. and its coefficient is K:

On the functional diagram of figure 2 is indicated - the measuring source 32, the drill string 33, the screen electrodes AE, the central electrodes AO 1,2,3, the potential meter V, the current meter A., the apparent electrical resistance of the rocks in the direction of the screen electrode drill string g, apparent resistance in direction / central electrode - drill string g / ,,, 6

The interaction of the well and the ground parts in the mode of geophysical measurements is as follows. As mentioned, geophysical measurements are initiated by inverting the supply voltage along the central core (from plus to minus) relative to the cable armor. Power and transmission of information both in the mode of inclinometric and geophysical measurements occurs along common circuits. Initially, both controllers 7 and 12 are in standby mode for code messages from the ground part, which are generated in block 25 and transmitted through block 23 through block 23 separately for blocks 7 and 12. The code messages of the instructions may contain, for example, settings about the measurement time, their frequency, the order of transmission of measurement information, etc. After receiving the instructions, blocks 7 and 12, respectively, organize measurements in blocks GK 2 and BCS 1. Reception - information transfer in the BCS module is provided through block 9, in the GK module - block 13. If a malfunction occurs in the BCS 1 module or docking unit 10, the controller 12 of the module GK by means of block 12 disconnects the cable communication line from the BCS module.

The general sequence of work is as follows. Preliminarily, the BHA includes the equipment of the stationary downhole part: equipment of the BCS module with a docking unit in a magnetically transparent case, inside which a fixation unit of the transported device (catcher) is installed. If it is necessary to carry out monitoring and control of the well trajectory, the transported device is connected with a geophysical cable to the ground honor and moved to the bottom until the catcher is reached. The measurement process has been considered previously.

After completing the measurement cycle, interpreting data from geophysical and related inclinometric measurements using known models, it seems possible to determine:

a) the location of the BHA in a particular rock formation of the developed area;

b) the position of the BHA in relation to the roof and sole of the formation;

c) fracturing and nature of the fluid contained in the reservoir.

Summarizing the above, we can draw conclusions about the effectiveness of the proposed model, compared with the prototype, namely:

1) increases the efficiency of drilling operations due to the possibility of clarifying the calculated trajectory of the well, constructed according to inclinometry, based on the interpretation of geophysical parameters;

2) provides operational control of the BHA position relative to the boundaries of the layers;

3) there is the possibility of operational adjustment of field development projects based on a joint interpretation of inclinometric and geophysical information (the orientation of the formations, their structure, properties, etc. are being clarified).

Claims (1)

A geosteering cable telemetric system for controlling well drilling, consisting of a borehole part in the form of an inclinometer module containing a series-connected block of measuring transducers, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter, a transmitter, as well as a controller and a power source, and a ground part containing a transceiver connected via the first computer interface unit, a remote power source connected to the system power source and the first interface unit, a multimeter, which further comprises a stationary device in the borehole part in the form of a lateral scanning module (BKS) with a system of electrodes located on the outer surface of the magnetically transparent body of the borehole part, and a transportable device, which includes, in addition to the inclinometer module, a gamma-ray logging (GK) module, containing the 1st and 2nd electronic switches, the GK module controller, the gamma radiation detector, the GK module transceiver, the moving part of the docking station, and the universal input-output of the 1st switch connects to the 1st input-output of the docking station, the 1st input to the 1st output of the controller GK, the 2nd output of which is connected to the 1st input of the 2nd switch, the universal input-output of which is connected to the 2nd the input-output of the 1st switch and the input of the output of the GK transceiver, the input of which is connected to the 2nd output of the GK controller, and the input of the GK controller with the output of the gamma radiation detector, and the side-scan module contains a measuring current source connected to the outputs through a multi-channel meter currents to elek delivery, synchronous detector block, drill string, and inputs to the controller, transceiver of the BCS module and the 2nd universal input-output of the docking station, a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter connected to the outputs of the synchronous detector block and the BCS controller, the other output of which is connected to the control input of the block of synchronous detectors, the first input of which is connected to the output of the analog-to-digital converter, the universal input-output of which is connected to the input-output of the BCS transceiver, and the ground part is additionally contains a remote power polarity switch, the first input of which is connected to the control panel, the second - with the output of the remote power source, the third - with the output of the 1st interface unit, and the universal input-output is connected with 1 input-output 1st and 2nd ground-based transceivers, 2nd multimeter input, inclinometer transceiver input-output and 2nd input of GC module 2nd switch, ground-side transceiver 2 input-output 2 is connected via a second interface unit to A computer, while the ground part with unifying cable line connection with the transported downhole, through which the docking station is connected to a stationary device.